US131859A - Improvement in the manufacture of oakum - Google Patents
Improvement in the manufacture of oakum Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US131859A US131859A US131859DA US131859A US 131859 A US131859 A US 131859A US 131859D A US131859D A US 131859DA US 131859 A US131859 A US 131859A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- oakum
- fibers
- oil
- manufacture
- improvement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 12
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000002965 rope Substances 0.000 description 14
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 240000000218 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000591 gum Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012765 hemp Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012766 marijuana Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 strands Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01G29/00—Arrangements for lubricating fibres, e.g. in gill boxes
Definitions
- oil may be either hot or cold.
- the invention relates to an improved method of manufacturing oakum, or of converting old tarred rope into assemblages of soft fibers, for calking or other purposes.
- thehemp After thehemp is removed from the oil-vat it is immersed in a steam-vat (using dry steam preferably,) by which treatment the oil is driven into all the fibers of the strands.
- the pressure of the steam accoma' minute. troduce these strands into a drawing-machine running at very slow speed, in which machine are netchel-pins, that draw cut, open, straighten, and separate the fibers without impairing their length.
- steps consist in first separating the rope into long pieces, to retain the normal length of fiber, and in thenapplying the oil, as described, and driving the oil into the strands, these steps enabling me to produce the long sliver, soft, pliable, and filled with tar, and in the finest possible condition for calking, in contradistinction to the present bunches of short fiber, which, at best, are dry and hard, and have not that adhesivene'ss which is of first importance in calking the seams of vessels.
- I claim- The improvement in the manufacture of oakum, consisting in the method of treating the rope, strands, and fibers, substantially as described.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
Description
. tion of my invention sufficient to enable those inches, whereas it is a great desideratum to ple.
oil may be either hot or cold.
. fy the oil and remove gummy matters.) This rplishes this result almost instantly, and the pressure need. not be continued for more than UNIT STATES THOMAS H. DURHAM, or BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.
.IM PR'OVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OAKUM.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 131,859, dated October 1, 1872.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, THOMAS H. DUNHAM, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in the Manufacture of Oakum; and I do hereby declare that the following is a descripskilled in the art. to practice it.
The invention relates to an improved method of manufacturing oakum, or of converting old tarred rope into assemblages of soft fibers, for calking or other purposes.
In the ordinary process the rope is always out up into short lengths of from six to twelve retain in the fibers the full length of the sta- In my process I cut the rope into long pieces, or pieces of a length of from five to ten feet, and in the subsequent treatment the fibers retain whatever length they have within such pieces.
These long pieces I open into strands, or unstrand by hand, and theniinmerse the strands in a vat containing oil, which oil, by preference, is a kerosene. or hydrocarbon oil. The immersion in oil is for a very short time, preferably not more than five minutes, and the v (Magnesia or other suitable material may be added to puritreatment softens the fibers of hemp, separates the gum, and restores to the fibers the oil they had lost by exposure, thereby rendering the fibers as soft and pliable as when the rope was first made. After thehemp is removed from the oil-vat it is immersed in a steam-vat (using dry steam preferably,) by which treatment the oil is driven into all the fibers of the strands. The pressure of the steam accoma' minute. troduce these strands into a drawing-machine running at very slow speed, in which machine are netchel-pins, that draw cut, open, straighten, and separate the fibers without impairing their length. Then I feed the opened fibers to a cardin g-machine, and in this machiiie form'the cards into separate slivers, or oakum-slivers, which may be twisted and spun for the use of calkers.
- The most important of these steps, or those which more particularly constitute my invention, consist in first separating the rope into long pieces, to retain the normal length of fiber, and in thenapplying the oil, as described, and driving the oil into the strands, these steps enabling me to produce the long sliver, soft, pliable, and filled with tar, and in the finest possible condition for calking, in contradistinction to the present bunches of short fiber, which, at best, are dry and hard, and have not that adhesivene'ss which is of first importance in calking the seams of vessels.
By my improved method all the tar present in the old rope or junk is retained in the fibers, the treatment causing no loss of tar at any step, whereas in. the common method of making oakum much of the tar (probably from twenty to thirty per cent.) is lost.
Before introducing the strands to the drawing-machine they may pass through breakerrolls to soften the fibers,
I claim- The improvement in the manufacture of oakum, consisting in the method of treating the rope, strands, and fibers, substantially as described.
THOMAS H. DUNHAM.
Witnesses FRANCIS GOULD, S. B. KIDDER.
'- OFFICE.
After the action of the steam I in
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US131859A true US131859A (en) | 1872-10-01 |
Family
ID=2201275
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US131859D Expired - Lifetime US131859A (en) | Improvement in the manufacture of oakum |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US131859A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20050194014A1 (en) * | 2004-03-04 | 2005-09-08 | Read Louis J.Jr. | Equipment and methods for manufacturing cigarettes |
-
0
- US US131859D patent/US131859A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20050194014A1 (en) * | 2004-03-04 | 2005-09-08 | Read Louis J.Jr. | Equipment and methods for manufacturing cigarettes |
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