US1318074A - Egbert clyde gowdy - Google Patents
Egbert clyde gowdy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1318074A US1318074A US1318074DA US1318074A US 1318074 A US1318074 A US 1318074A US 1318074D A US1318074D A US 1318074DA US 1318074 A US1318074 A US 1318074A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- smoke
- clyde
- gowdy
- egbert
- anthracene
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 22
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- VHHHONWQHHHLTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl VHHHONWQHHHLTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019754 Grower Diet Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000015842 Hesperis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000012633 Iberis amara Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000004804 Iberis amara Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing Effects 0.000 description 2
- CPOSXJRGXIJOHG-UHFFFAOYSA-I dicopper;dichloride;trihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cu+2].[Cu+2] CPOSXJRGXIJOHG-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001340 slower Effects 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B27/00—Compositions containing a metal, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium or mixtures, intercompounds or hydrides thereof, and hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons
Definitions
- This invention relates to pyrotechnic signals and more particularly a smoke making compound for signal rockets such as shown in my above referred to copen'ding application for conveying intelligence generally such, for instance, as the location of an enemy battery, call for a barrage, etc.
- a further object is to provide a composition of the above general character, having a high degree of dispersion of coloring matter upon ignition so that a cloud of the desired visibility is produced by a small weight of coloring material.
- a further object is to provide a compound in which the chemical reaction works rapidly and uniformly so that the trail of smoke will be visible for the desired length of time.
- a further object is to provide a compound of the above general character which will be substantially insensible to shock, thus making it safe to handle.
- a further object is to provide a composition which will be stable and will not deteriorate by lon standing.
- this composition is between the magnesium and the hexachlorethane, this reaction bein of itself very violent and producing a w ite smoke.
- the anthracene slows down the reaction and at the same time colors the smoke black.
- the speed of the reaction may be controlled by varying theanthracene content, but decreasing the anthracene shortens the time of burning and tends to lighten the color of the smoke, while increasing the proportion of anthracene increases the time of burning but does not make the smoke appreciably blacker.
- anthracene in this composition to blacken the smoke is particularly advantageous for the reason that upon ignition of the composition, the anthracene, which upon carbonization imparts color to the smoke, .seems to be volatilized, and not merely mechanically dispersed. Since the anthracene probably becomes volatilized a high degree of dispersion of. the coloring material is obtained, so that a cloud of the desired visibility is produced by using a small amount of coloring material.
- the smoke composition does not deteriorate upon standing, when contained in an air ti ht receptacle, and it is comparatively insensi le to s ock ROBERT CLYDE GOWDY.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
ROBERT CLYDE GOW'DY, 0F CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES.
SMOKE-MAKING- GOMPOUND FOR SIGNAL-ROCKETS.
Specification of Letters Patent.
No Drawing. Original application flied Nbvember 25, 1918, Serial No. 270,235. Divided and this application filed April 24, 1919.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, ROBERT CLYDE Grower, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cincinnati, Ohio, have invented new and useful Improvements in Smoke-Making Compound for Signal-Rockets, (Case B,) of which the following is a specification and is a division of m copending'application, Serial #270,235, led November 25, 1918.
This invention relates to pyrotechnic signals and more particularly a smoke making compound for signal rockets such as shown in my above referred to copen'ding application for conveying intelligence generally such, for instance, as the location of an enemy battery, call for a barrage, etc.
It is one of the objects of the present invention to provide an improved smoke making. compound which will be inexpensive to manufacture, reliable and eflicient in use and operation.
A further object is to provide a composition of the above general character, having a high degree of dispersion of coloring matter upon ignition so that a cloud of the desired visibility is produced by a small weight of coloring material.
A further object is to provide a compound in which the chemical reaction works rapidly and uniformly so that the trail of smoke will be visible for the desired length of time. 7
A further object is to provide a compound of the above general character which will be substantially insensible to shock, thus making it safe to handle.
A further object is to provide a composition which will be stable and will not deteriorate by lon standing.
Other objects will be in (part obvious and in part hereinafter pointe out.
While various colored compounds may be used, the following is set forth as' an; example in obtaining black smoke wherein I preferably employ a mixture composed of anthraeene, magnesium powder, and a compound called hexachlorethane, mlxed in the following proportions, by weight:
' Serial No. 292,853.
The principal action of this composition is between the magnesium and the hexachlorethane, this reaction bein of itself very violent and producing a w ite smoke. The anthracene slows down the reaction and at the same time colors the smoke black. The speed of the reaction may be controlled by varying theanthracene content, but decreasing the anthracene shortens the time of burning and tends to lighten the color of the smoke, while increasing the proportion of anthracene increases the time of burning but does not make the smoke appreciably blacker.
The use of anthracene in this composition to blacken the smoke is particularly advantageous for the reason that upon ignition of the composition, the anthracene, which upon carbonization imparts color to the smoke, .seems to be volatilized, and not merely mechanically dispersed. Since the anthracene probably becomes volatilized a high degree of dispersion of. the coloring material is obtained, so that a cloud of the desired visibility is produced by using a small amount of coloring material. The smoke composition does not deteriorate upon standing, when contained in an air ti ht receptacle, and it is comparatively insensi le to s ock ROBERT CLYDE GOWDY.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1318074A true US1318074A (en) | 1919-10-07 |
Family
ID=3385551
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US1318074D Expired - Lifetime US1318074A (en) | Egbert clyde gowdy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1318074A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2823105A (en) * | 1955-01-27 | 1958-02-11 | Stevenson Thomas | Smoke tracer composition |
| US3144323A (en) * | 1959-05-01 | 1964-08-11 | Foseco Int | Treatment of molten light alloys |
| US3156595A (en) * | 1961-09-21 | 1964-11-10 | Lockheed Aircraft Corp | Chemical composition for producing heat |
| US4398977A (en) * | 1982-08-05 | 1983-08-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Simultaneous red smoke and bright flame composition containing ammonium iodate |
| US4698108A (en) * | 1985-06-07 | 1987-10-06 | Etat Francais | Castable smoke-generating compounds effective against infrared |
-
0
- US US1318074D patent/US1318074A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2823105A (en) * | 1955-01-27 | 1958-02-11 | Stevenson Thomas | Smoke tracer composition |
| US3144323A (en) * | 1959-05-01 | 1964-08-11 | Foseco Int | Treatment of molten light alloys |
| US3156595A (en) * | 1961-09-21 | 1964-11-10 | Lockheed Aircraft Corp | Chemical composition for producing heat |
| US4398977A (en) * | 1982-08-05 | 1983-08-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Simultaneous red smoke and bright flame composition containing ammonium iodate |
| US4698108A (en) * | 1985-06-07 | 1987-10-06 | Etat Francais | Castable smoke-generating compounds effective against infrared |
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