US1317460A - Hanging-arch construction - Google Patents

Description

E. P. STEVENS.

HANGING ARCH cousmuc now.

APPLICATION HLED JUNE l4. I915. 1,317,460. Patentedsept. 30,1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

E. P. STEVENS.

HANGING ARCH CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 14. 19:5.

Patented Sept. 30, 1919.

2 QSHEE'ISSHEET 2.

zflfirzafiz'ewy 25 Y I M W MU-UL v m b fim y -@/4% ENOCH P. STEVENS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

HANGING-ARCH CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent. P t t t 30, 9

Application filed June 14, 1915. Serial No. 38,937.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ENOCH P. S'rEvENs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hanging-Arch Constructions, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to arches, and refers particularly, although not exclusively, to hanging arches to be used in boiler furnaces. open-hearth furnaces, the roofs of kllns, and for other similar purposes. My improved arch is particularly useful where it 1s to be subjected to heat, but if desired it may also be employed for arches in buildings or the like where the arch is not subjected to high temperatures but where a particularly strong .construction is desired.

In this specification I use the term arch as referring not only to a sprung arch, as illustrated in the drawings, but also to a fiat arch, which may readily be constructed in accordance with the teachings of my invention.

It is one of the objects of my invention to provide an arch construction which will be particularly strong in order to avold danger of having the arch collapse, while at the same time this strength is attained by the use of a minimum number of supporting elements.

A further object of my invention is to construct an arch from which a portion of the bricks may readily be removed without, disturbing the rest of the arch.

'A still further object of my invention is to construct the bricks which are used for supporting purposes of thin sections, thereby giving ample opportunity for the even distribution of heat and avoiding liability of cracking.

A still further object of my invention resides in the construction of a passage in the arch, this passage being adapted to receive and keep cool piping for the distribution of steam, air, or other fluid, into the fire-box of a furnace.

A still further object of my invention consists of the special construction and method of support of a wall used in connection with the arch so that this wall will not be dependent upon the bricks of the arch for its support.

A still further object of my invention consists in the provision of means for counteracting the deleterious effects of expansion and contraction of the arch under varying heat conditions. I

These and other advantages of my invention will be more readily understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section through an arch made in accordance with my invention and various parts immediately associated therewith;

Fig. 2 is a transverse section taken on the line 22 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary plan and sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Fig 1, the upper cover brick being omitted to disclose the interior of the passageway formed in the arch;

Fig. 4 is a side elevation of one of the bricks which is used at the nose of the arch shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is an end elevation of the brick shown in Fig. 4; and

Fig. 6 is an end elevation of one of the bricks shown in Fig. 1 and adapted to be supported by one of the arch hangers.

The arch which I have illustrated in the accompanying drawings is one which is adapted to be used for a stationary boiler, although it will be understood that the scopeof my invention is by no means limited to this specific application.

The fire-box 10 is provided with the side walls 11, each. of which has a shoulder 12 on which rest the skewback bricks 13. EX- tending between the walls 11 are pairs of beams 14, the beams of each pair having flanges and these flanges being presented toward each other. The conditions stated are preferably realized by the employment of channel beams as clearly indicated in Fig. 1. The ends of the beams 14 are supported in the walls 11 by the coil springs 15,

for the object which will presently be explained, each of the walls 11 having therein the vertical slots 16 to allow vertical movement of the beams 14. Each pair of beams 14 supports a plurality of carriers 17 which hanger 18. This hanger will preferably be made vertically adjustable within the carrier 17 by some such means as that disclosed in my Letters Patent No. 1,130,345 issued March 2, 1915. 1

Also extending between the side walls 11 is an I-beam 19 supported on springs in the same manner as indicated in connection with the beams 14. The I-beam 19 has hooked over its upper flange a plurality of carrier members 20, which, in turn, fsu port the hangers 21, which are preferab y of stronger construction than the hangers 18 previously mentioned. A hook-shaped beam 22 engages the carrier members 20, or, if preferred, the upper flange of the I-beam 19, this beam 22 having t e upwardly-projecting flange'23.

The hangers 18 are engaged by the longitudinally-disposed bosses 24 on the bricks 25, the bosses 24 being of sultable shape to engage the lower ends of the hangers 18 so that these hangers will readily retain the bricks 25 in position. As clearly indicated in Figs 2, 3 and 6, each of the bricks 25 is longitudinally split into two halves 25 and 25 The beams 14 will be employed only in sufiicient numbers to afford direct overhead, support to alternate rows of brick, leaving the intermediate rows to be sustained by suitable bearings upon such directly supported rows; and even in the directly supported rows, hangers are provided only at intervals of several bricks, preferably for each alternate brick or pair of bricks, the intermediate bricks or pairs of bricks in these directly supported rows being sustained by bearings upon the hanger bricks as will now be made clear. In developing support for an intermediate row of bricks, shoulders are formed not only upon the hanger bricks but upon the intermediate bricks in the directly supported row so as to form a continuous seat or ledge for the intermediate row.

The bricks 25 are provided with shoulders 26 near their upper portions, these shoulders being preferably located on all four sides of the individual bricks 25 which are longitudinally split into two sect-ions. In the case of bricks 25 which are located at the end of an arch, as, for example, the bricks 25 shown in the right-hand portion of Fig 1, the shoulders 26 at the outer ends of these bricks are omitted, and the configuration of the outer-ends of these bricks may be whatever is desired to meet the particular requirements.

As clearly indicated in Figs. 1, 4 and 5, the bricks 27 at the nose of the arch may be of special shape. In the particular embodiment of my invention herein described, such bricks 27 have curved corner portions 28,

and the boss 29 on the upper portion of each brick does not extend for the entire length of the brick, but the latter is provided with a wall width of the brick and having its upper surface continuous with the upper edge of the boss 29. The bricks 27 are provided with shoulders 31 preferably only on a single side, as indicated in Figs. 1, 4 and 5. The.

bricks 32 forming the curtain wall of the furnace have hook-like projections 33 fitting over the flange 23 of the member 22, and

these bricks have their lower ends in contact shown in t e drawing) issupported through the instrumentality of the beam 22 and the I-beam 19, and for this reason the nose br cks 27 of the arch are to a great extent relieved of the weight of the curtain wall and these nose bricks 27 may be removed from the hangers 21 which normally en.- gage the bosses 29 without materially disturblng the bricks 32 of the curtain wall.

As most clearly indicated in. Fig. 1, the shoulders 26 of one row of bricks 25 and the shoulders 31 of the nose bricks 27 support the intermediat e bricks 34 which have the pro ect1ng flanges 35 engaging the shoulders 26 and 31-, respectively. I prefer to provide each of the nose bricks 27 in the transverse row of such bricks with a boss 29. each brick being held in position by en gagement of this boss with a suitable hanger 21. In the case of the bricks 25, however, as clearly indicated in Fig. 2, I prefer to form a boss 24 only on the alternate bricks of each transverse row. Each brick 25 has not only the shoulders 26 on its transverse ends, as shown in Fig. 1, but also similar shoulders 26 on its longitudinal sides, as shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 6. The longitudinal shoulders 26 at the sides of alternate bricks 25 serve to support between them the intermediate bricks 36, each of which is provided with the longitudinal flanges 37 adapted to engage the longitudinal shoulders 26 of the bucks 2'5, and each of which also has the transverse shoulders 26 registering with the transverse shoulder 26 of the bricks 25 in order to complete the supporting ledge for the bricks 34 or other intermediate bricks or tiles, such as will presently be described.

Each of the intermediate bricks 36 is preferably split into two longitudinal halves 36 and 36 in the same manner that the verse rows of bricks. I have illustrated the portion 30 of the entire form a passage between two of the trans-- "formation of such a passage in Figs. 1, 2

shoulders 38 being] formed, on the sides of the rows of brick 25 and 36 which are opposite to each other. The tiles 39 having thereon the flanges 40 are supported by these shoulders 38, 'while the shoulders 26 support the tiles 40,-thereby forming the passage 37 bet-ween the lower surface of the tiles 40 and the upper surface of the titles 39. A steam or air pipe 41 may pass through the passage 37, this pipe 41 having connected thereto -a plurality of nozzles 42 passing into apertures 43 in the titles 39 so that any fluid passing into the pipe 41 may be expelled through the nozzles 42 and the apertures 43 into the fire-box 10. It is often useful to employ steam or air in this manner to promote combustion and to direct the roducts of combustion into a. desired path.

It will be evident that ready access may be obtained to the passage 37 at any time simply by removing the tile 40.

I have described the bricks 25 and 36 as preferably being split longitudinally so that each brick consists of two halves. I also preferably split the nose bricks 27 into two halves 27"an'd 27 and similarly the bricks 34 into the two halves 34 and 34",

The object of thus splitting the bricks is to reduce the width of each brick so that when the arch is subjected to the action of high temperatures the heat entering the cracks between bricks and the halve of bricks may readily penetrate into said bricks so that strains owing to unequal heating of the bricks may readily be avoided. I have found that in this manner the breakage of bricks has been materially decreased.

In the present embodiment of my invention I have shown the arch in the form of a sprung arch. It is well known that when such an arch is subjected to high temperamade by which thesehangers could be ad- 'justed to varying conditions of the arch in order to maintain tension on the bricks at all times, and thus effectually support them. These adjusting means consist in the springs at the ends of the beams 14 and the'I-beam 19. The weight of the arch carried through the instrumentality of the hangers normally depresses the springs 15 a certain given amount. As the arch tends to elevate itself and the weight carried by the hangers is decreased, the beams 14 and the I-beam 19 are moved upwardly by the springs 15, thereby causing the hangers to again assume a considerable portion of the wei ht of the arch, although it will be evident t at the weight thus assumed cannot be as great when the beams 14 and the I-beam 19 are elevated by the springs, as is the case when these springs are depressed.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many detailed changes could be made in the exact construction of the various parts which I have described without departing from the spirit or scope of my invention, as defined in the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. In an arch, a plurality of transverselydisposed rows of bricks, hangers supporting alternate bricks of alternate rows, and the sides of said hanger-supported bricks providing shoulders, said shoulders serving to support an intermediate row of bricks and the intermediate bricks in said alternate rows.

2. In an arch, a plurality of transverselydlsposed rows of bricks, hangers supporting alternate bricks of alternate rows, the sides of said hanger-supported bricks providing shoulders, said shoulders serving to support the intermediate bricks in said alternate rows, the sides of said intermediate bricks also providing shoulders, the shoulders on said intermediate bricks and on said hanger-supported bricks serving'to support an intermediate row of bricks.

3. In an arch, the combination with hangers of spaced rows of hanger-supported bricks, each provided with a pair of'shoulders at different levels, intermediate bricks supported by the lower shoulders of said rows, and intermediate bricks supported by the upper shoulders of saidrows, whereby a passage is formed between said bricks.

4. In an arch, the combination of a plurality of rows of bricks, hangers supporting alternate rows of said bricks, each of said alternate rows of bricks being provided with a pair of shoulders at different levels, intermediate bricks supported by the lower shoulders of said alternate rows and havin openings therethrough, intermediate bricks supported by the upper shoulders of said alternate rows, whereby a passage is formed between said bricks, a fluid-conducting pipe extending through said passage,

and nozzles extending through the openings of bricks, meansfor supporting-said bricks In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe compfi'islilng a supporting beam, and tsprlngs my name this 11th day of June, A. D., 1915. .on w ic said beam is carried where y c0mpensation in the height of the supporting ENOCH S 5 means is made for the variation in the po- Witnesses: l

sition of said row of bricks under varymg HENRY- M. 'HUXIEY, heat conditions. L. E. H'ANNEN.

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