US1309721A - Apparatus fob heating oil-wells - Google Patents

Apparatus fob heating oil-wells Download PDF

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US1309721A
US1309721A US1309721DA US1309721A US 1309721 A US1309721 A US 1309721A US 1309721D A US1309721D A US 1309721DA US 1309721 A US1309721 A US 1309721A
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casing
oil
conductor
wells
tube
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B36/00—Heating, cooling or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones
    • E21B36/04—Heating, cooling or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones using electrical heaters

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  • My invention relatesl to improvements 1n apparatusfor heating oil wells..
  • Theobject of my invention is to effect a maximum production of oil from an oil well. -In practice it has'been demonstrated that accumulations of solid ingredients of oil, such as paraffin, greatly decreases the out ut of an oil well. 0
  • y invention aims to liquefy -such solid ingredients in the oil in the casmg of the well and in the sand immediately adjacent to and around the casing, so that such ingredients may be removed by pumping or otherwise with the oil.
  • My invention provides further a novel apparatus for heating the oil in an oil well while the oil is subjected to pressure greater than atmospheric, thereby increasing3 .the heatin e'ect, the excess pressure eing utilizegd for forcing the heated oil out of the casing and into the ground around the casing, so as to liquefy the solid 011 1ngredients and thereby increasing the amount of oil supplied to the casing.
  • Figure 1 is a View partly in vertical section and partly broken away of my 1mproved apparatus.
  • Fig. 2 1s an enlarged vertical section, partly broken away, of my improved elec-l trical heating device.
  • Fig. 3 is ⁇ a reduced elevation of a portion of the electrical heating device.
  • Fig. 4 is a view partly in side elevation and partly in vertical section and partly broken away of the electrical heating device.
  • Fig. 5 is a reduced vertical sectional view of the upper end of the casing having fitted therein a screw plug adapted to receive therethrough a cable.
  • 1 designates the usual casing of an Oil well.
  • the upper end of the casing is provided with a closure comprising a screw plug 2 through which extends a vertical eduction conductor 3 provided at its upper end with a closure consistingrof a screw plug 4 through which extends a slidable piston rod 5 to the lower end of which is secured the usual piston 6.
  • a closure comprising a screw plug 2 through which extends a vertical eduction conductor 3 provided at its upper end with a closure consistingrof a screw plug 4 through which extends a slidable piston rod 5 to the lower end of which is secured the usual piston 6.
  • an up Wardly opening barnckvalve 7 In the lower end of the conductor 3 is provided an up Wardly opening barnckvalve 7, and the piston 6 carries the usual upwardly opening check valve 8.
  • a stuiiing ring 9 encircles the conductor 3 and has screw thread connection with the plug 2.
  • a stuffing ring 10 encirclcs the rod 5 and has screw-threaded connection with the plug 4.
  • the conductor 3 near its upper end is provided with a discharge branch 11, in which is mounted a shut-off valve 12.
  • the lower portion of the casing 1 is provided with inlet openings 15 for the admission of oil from the surrounding earth.
  • any suitable means may be employed.
  • the means illustrated in the drawing comprises the following described parts: I provide an electrical heater consisting of a vertical inner tube 16, provided in its lower portion with oil inlet openings 17 and having an externally screw-threaded upper ⁇ end which is adapted to be fitted in the screwthreaded lower end of a coupling 18 at the lower end of the conductor 3.
  • Encircling the inner tube 16 is an outer tube 19, which is spaced apart from the casing 1, and is also spaced apart from the inner tube 16, thereby providing an air tight chamber, the upper end of which is closed by a closure comprising a ring 2O having screw-threaded connection with the upper end of the outer tube 19.
  • the lower end of the chamber is closed by means of a closure comprising a ring 21 tightly embracing the inner tube 16 and having screw-threaded connection with the lower end of the tube 19.
  • a heating coil 22 of suitable resistance wiie having its ends respectively attached to binding screws 23 and 24, which extend vertically through and are insulated from the ring 20.
  • the binding screws 23 and 24 have respectively connected to them insulated wires 'a refractory nature.
  • Electrical conductors 29 and 30 respectively connect the binding screws 27 and 28 with the brushes 31 and 32 vof a suitable dynamo 33.
  • the exterior of the tube 16 may be covered with suitable insulation 34, which may be sheet asbestos or other non-conductor of Similar insulation 35 may be provided on the inner side of the tube 19. fa
  • suitable insulation 34 which may be sheet asbestos or other non-conductor of Similar insulation 35 may be provided on the inner side of the tube 19.
  • the chamber between the tubes 16 and 19 may be lilled with insulation material 36, which may be of any usual character, that is an electrical non-conductor and lalso a good heat conductor.
  • the insulation 36 serves to retain the heating coil 22 in its proper place and to prevent its distortion.
  • a packing ring 37 'eneircles is fitted to the tube 16 and has screw-threaded connection with the ring 20.
  • the tube 16 may have its upper end screwed into the coupling 18 and lowered into the casing 1 with the conductor 3.-
  • the conductor 3 has been properly positioned, with the electrical heater located in the lower portion ot' the casing 1, the current -from the dynamo 33 is permitted to pass from the brush 32 by means of the conductor 30, binding post 28, conductor 26, heating coil .22, conductor 25, binding post 27, conductor 29, back to the brush 31 of the dynamo,
  • the valve 12 may be closed and the air compressor 13 started into operation so as -to discharge compressed air into the casing 1, thereby raising the pressure in the casing above atmospheric pressure and to an amount sufficient to accomplish the function desired from the compressed air.
  • the coil 22 becomes highly heated, due to the passage therethrough of the current and this heat is condlucted through to' the oil inthe tube 16 and in the casing 1 and also to 4oil inthe sand surrounding the easing, or such oil bearmg earth as may be around thecasing at the particular point at, Which the oil well is located.
  • ()ne function of the compressed air or other pressure fluid which may be employed is to accelerate the heating ofperation land also to force the heated oil from ⁇ the casing into the surrolmding earth, so that solid ingredients of the oil in a zone around the casing and in the casing may be liquefied to enable its ready removal by pumping or other means.
  • the valve 12 magfthen be opened.
  • the air pressure in the easing 1 may now be reduced to atmospheric by being allowed to escape from the casing 1 by the pipe 14, which may be provided with an outlet branch 38 having a suitable shut-off valve 39, which is opened to permit the compressed air to escape.
  • the pump rod 5 and piston 6 may then be operated in the usual manner to force the oil upwardly through the conductor 3 and throu h the discharge V(branch 11.
  • the latter may be removed from the casing and the has its lower end attached to a screw cap 41, Fig. 4, tted tightly to the upper end of the tube 16.
  • a packing ring 43 encircles the cable 40 and has screw-threaded. connection with the plug 42.
  • the plug 42 may be removed and the heater withdrawn from the casing, after which the conductor 3 is again lowered into the ⁇ casing and the plug 2 reiitted in the upperend of the casing.
  • the pump piston 6 may then be operated to pump out the oil with the liquefied ingredients.
  • ⁇ heater lowered by means of a cable 40, which y compressor discharging into said casing,v a shut-off valve in said branch, an upwardly tube in said casing connected with the lower end of said conductor, an outer tube encircling said tube, closures spaced apart from ⁇ each other between said tubes affording an air tight chamberI between said tubes, an electrical heating coil in said chamber, and means for supplying electrical current Ito said heating coil.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Description

W. H. DRINKEHN.
APPARATUS FUR HEATING oTL WELLS.
APPLICAUON FILED FEB.14. |919.
Patented July 15, 1919.
2 SHEETSSHELT 1 l v TNVENTOR /c Zea/1, 7 /Lo'n/Cwz/ BY (/a/l/uf/n kvm;
/H/A ATTORNEY W. H. DRINKERN. APPARATUS Fon HEATING 0|L WELLS.
APPLICATION FILED FEB. I4. IBIS).
h 'l @WWK v |NV'ENTOR Ul/ZZQ/rn/j BY Vom/w41 (X7/mary,
WILLIAM H. DRINKERN, OF BELOIT, KANSAS.
APPARATUS FOR HEATING OIL-WELLS.
Specication of Letters Patent.
' PatentelllJuly 15, 1919.
Application led February 14, 1919. Serial No. 277,028.
To all whom z't may concern:
Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. DaiuKnRN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Beloit, in the county of..Mitchelll and State of Kansas, have invented a certain Inew and useful Improvement in Apparatus tor Heating Oil-Wells, of which the following is a specification. I
My invention relatesl to improvements 1n apparatusfor heating oil wells..
Theobject of my invention is to effect a maximum production of oil from an oil well. -In practice it has'been demonstrated that accumulations of solid ingredients of oil, such as paraffin, greatly decreases the out ut of an oil well. 0
y invention aims to liquefy -such solid ingredients in the oil in the casmg of the well and in the sand immediately adjacent to and around the casing, so that such ingredients may be removed by pumping or otherwise with the oil.
My invention provides further a novel apparatus for heating the oil in an oil well while the oil is subjected to pressure greater than atmospheric, thereby increasing3 .the heatin e'ect, the excess pressure eing utilizegd for forcing the heated oil out of the casing and into the ground around the casing, so as to liquefy the solid 011 1ngredients and thereby increasing the amount of oil supplied to the casing.
The novel features of my invention are.
hereinafter fully described and claimed.
In the accompanying drawings, which -illustrate the preferred embodiment of an apparatus for carrying my invention into effect,
Figure 1 is a View partly in vertical section and partly broken away of my 1mproved apparatus.
Fig. 2 1s an enlarged vertical section, partly broken away, of my improved elec-l trical heating device. i
Fig. 3 is` a reduced elevation of a portion of the electrical heating device.
Fig. 4 is a view partly in side elevation and partly in vertical section and partly broken away of the electrical heating device.
Fig. 5 is a reduced vertical sectional view of the upper end of the casing having fitted therein a screw plug adapted to receive therethrough a cable.
Similar reference characters designate similar parts in the different views.
1 designates the usual casing of an Oil well. The upper end of the casing is provided With a closure comprising a screw plug 2 through which extends a vertical eduction conductor 3 provided at its upper end with a closure consistingrof a screw plug 4 through which extends a slidable piston rod 5 to the lower end of which is secured the usual piston 6. In the lower end of the conductor 3 is provided an up Wardly opening clicckvalve 7, and the piston 6 carries the usual upwardly opening check valve 8.
A stuiiing ring 9 encircles the conductor 3 and has screw thread connection with the plug 2. A stuffing ring 10 encirclcs the rod 5 and has screw-threaded connection with the plug 4.
The conductor 3 near its upper end is provided with a discharge branch 11, in which is mounted a shut-off valve 12.
An air com ressor 13 at the surface of the ground dlscharges into the casing l through a conductor 14.
The lower portion of the casing 1 is provided with inlet openings 15 for the admission of oil from the surrounding earth.
For heating the oil in the casing 1, any suitable means may be employed. The means illustrated in the drawing comprises the following described parts: I provide an electrical heater consisting of a vertical inner tube 16, provided in its lower portion with oil inlet openings 17 and having an externally screw-threaded upper `end which is adapted to be fitted in the screwthreaded lower end of a coupling 18 at the lower end of the conductor 3. Encircling the inner tube 16 is an outer tube 19, which is spaced apart from the casing 1, and is also spaced apart from the inner tube 16, thereby providing an air tight chamber, the upper end of which is closed by a closure comprising a ring 2O having screw-threaded connection with the upper end of the outer tube 19. The lower end of the chamber is closed by means of a closure comprising a ring 21 tightly embracing the inner tube 16 and having screw-threaded connection with the lower end of the tube 19.
Encircling the tube 16 is a heating coil 22 of suitable resistance wiie having its ends respectively attached to binding screws 23 and 24, which extend vertically through and are insulated from the ring 20.
The binding screws 23 and 24 have respectively connected to them insulated wires 'a refractory nature.
25; and 26, which are respectively connected to two binding screws 27 and 28, which eX- tend laterally through and are insulated from the casing 1.
Electrical conductors 29 and 30 respectively connect the binding screws 27 and 28 with the brushes 31 and 32 vof a suitable dynamo 33.
The exterior of the tube 16 may be covered with suitable insulation 34, which may be sheet asbestos or other non-conductor of Similar insulation 35 may be provided on the inner side of the tube 19. fa The chamber between the tubes 16 and 19 may be lilled with insulation material 36, which may be of any usual character, that is an electrical non-conductor and lalso a good heat conductor.
The insulation 36 serves to retain the heating coil 22 in its proper place and to prevent its distortion.
A packing ring 37 'eneircles and is fitted to the tube 16 and has screw-threaded connection with the ring 20.
In the operation of the apparatus shown,
the tube 16 may have its upper end screwed into the coupling 18 and lowered into the casing 1 with the conductor 3.- When the conductor 3 has been properly positioned, with the electrical heater located in the lower portion ot' the casing 1, the current -from the dynamo 33 is permitted to pass from the brush 32 by means of the conductor 30, binding post 28, conductor 26, heating coil .22, conductor 25, binding post 27, conductor 29, back to the brush 31 of the dynamo,
'At the same time, the valve 12 may be closed and the air compressor 13 started into operation so as -to discharge compressed air into the casing 1, thereby raising the pressure in the casing above atmospheric pressure and to an amount sufficient to accomplish the function desired from the compressed air. The coil 22 becomes highly heated, due to the passage therethrough of the current and this heat is condlucted through to' the oil inthe tube 16 and in the casing 1 and also to 4oil inthe sand surrounding the easing, or such oil bearmg earth as may be around thecasing at the particular point at, Which the oil well is located.
()ne function of the compressed air or other pressure fluid which may be employed is to accelerate the heating ofperation land also to force the heated oil from `the casing into the surrolmding earth, so that solid ingredients of the oil in a zone around the casing and in the casing may be liquefied to enable its ready removal by pumping or other means.
After the heating operation has progressed', a length of time suiiicient yto liquefy the oil which is in the casing at the time,
and also the "il in a limited area around the casing, removatethe oil with the liquefied solid ingredients may ble begun.
The valve 12 magfthen be opened. The air pressure in the easing 1 may now be reduced to atmospheric by being allowed to escape from the casing 1 by the pipe 14, which may be provided with an outlet branch 38 having a suitable shut-off valve 39, which is opened to permit the compressed air to escape.
The pump rod 5 and piston 6 may then be operated in the usual manner to force the oil upwardly through the conductor 3 and throu h the discharge V(branch 11.
If c esired, instead of supporting the elec` trical heater from the conductor 3, the latter may be removed from the casing and the has its lower end attached to a screw cap 41, Fig. 4, tted tightly to the upper end of the tube 16.
When the electrical heater is to be lowered with the cable 40, the conductor 3 and ring` 2 are removed from the casing, after which the heater lowered by the cable 40 into its proper position, the cable 40 being extended through a screw plug 42, which is mounted into the upper endof the casing 1 in lieu of the plug 2, as shown in Fig. 5.
A packing ring 43 encircles the cable 40 and has screw-threaded. connection with the plug 42.
After the electrical heater has been operated rto liquefy the solid ingredients of the oil in the casing, the plug 42 may be removed and the heater withdrawn from the casing, after which the conductor 3 is again lowered into the`casing and the plug 2 reiitted in the upperend of the casing. The pump piston 6 may then be operated to pump out the oil with the liquefied ingredients.
What I claim is 1. In an apparatus of the kind described, the combination, With the casing of an oil well closed at its upper end, an eduction conductor in said casing extending through said casing, a shut-oil' valve in said conductor, an air compressor discharging into said casing, and means for heating oil in Isaid casing adjacent to the lower end of.
` heater lowered by means of a cable 40, which y compressor discharging into said casing,v a shut-off valve in said branch, an upwardly tube in said casing connected with the lower end of said conductor, an outer tube encircling said tube, closures spaced apart from `each other between said tubes affording an air tight chamberI between said tubes, an electrical heating coil in said chamber, and means for supplying electrical current Ito said heating coil.
4. In an apparatus' of the vkind described, the combination with the casing of an oil well closed at its upper end, means for supplying fluid under pressure to said casing, an eduction conductor extending through said closed end into said casing and having a removable closure in its upper end and provided with a lateral discharge branch, a
opening check valve in said conductor, a pump piston in said conductor above said check valve, a pump yrod connected to` said piston and extending through and slidable in the closure at the upper end of said conductor, an mner tube connected to the lowerend of said conductor, an outer tube encircling said inner tube, two closures spaced apart from each other between said tubes affording an air tight chamber between said tubes, an electrical heating coil encircling said inner tube in said chamber, and means for supplying. electrical current to said coil.
In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.
WILLIAM H. DRINKERN.
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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2444754A (en) * 1946-01-04 1948-07-06 Ralph M Steffen Apparatus for heating oil wells and pumping oil therefrom
US2444756A (en) * 1946-01-04 1948-07-06 Nat Secondary Recovery Corp Apparatus for progressively heating oil sands surrounding oil wells
US2472445A (en) * 1945-02-02 1949-06-07 Thermactor Company Apparatus for treating oil and gas bearing strata
US2500513A (en) * 1946-03-22 1950-03-14 Hyman D Bowman Well heater
US2500305A (en) * 1946-05-28 1950-03-14 Thermactor Corp Electric oil well heater
US2506574A (en) * 1947-10-27 1950-05-09 Robert G Boydstun Plastic cylinder heater coil and method of making same
US2615114A (en) * 1950-03-03 1952-10-21 Colby Fred Electric oil well heater
US2644531A (en) * 1950-06-22 1953-07-07 M L Morgan Flowing unit for oil well controllers
US2647196A (en) * 1950-11-06 1953-07-28 Union Oil Co Apparatus for heating oil wells
US3207220A (en) * 1961-06-26 1965-09-21 Chester I Williams Electric well heater
US6206093B1 (en) * 1999-02-24 2001-03-27 Camco International Inc. System for pumping viscous fluid from a well

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2472445A (en) * 1945-02-02 1949-06-07 Thermactor Company Apparatus for treating oil and gas bearing strata
US2444754A (en) * 1946-01-04 1948-07-06 Ralph M Steffen Apparatus for heating oil wells and pumping oil therefrom
US2444756A (en) * 1946-01-04 1948-07-06 Nat Secondary Recovery Corp Apparatus for progressively heating oil sands surrounding oil wells
US2500513A (en) * 1946-03-22 1950-03-14 Hyman D Bowman Well heater
US2500305A (en) * 1946-05-28 1950-03-14 Thermactor Corp Electric oil well heater
US2506574A (en) * 1947-10-27 1950-05-09 Robert G Boydstun Plastic cylinder heater coil and method of making same
US2615114A (en) * 1950-03-03 1952-10-21 Colby Fred Electric oil well heater
US2644531A (en) * 1950-06-22 1953-07-07 M L Morgan Flowing unit for oil well controllers
US2647196A (en) * 1950-11-06 1953-07-28 Union Oil Co Apparatus for heating oil wells
US3207220A (en) * 1961-06-26 1965-09-21 Chester I Williams Electric well heater
US6206093B1 (en) * 1999-02-24 2001-03-27 Camco International Inc. System for pumping viscous fluid from a well

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