US1286210A - Machine for locking metal hoops. - Google Patents

Description

E. F. BEUGLER. MACHiNE FOR LOCKING ME TAL HOOPS.

APPLICATION FILED OCT- 5. l9l5- 1,286,210. Patented Dec.3,1918.

5 SHEETS-SHEET l- E.'F. BEUGLER.

MACHINE FOR LOCKING METAL HOOPS.

APPLICATION FILED ocT. 5. 1915.

1,286,210. Patented Dec. 3, 1918.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

E. F. BEUGLER.

MACHINE FOR LOCKING METAL HOOPS.

APPLICATION FILED OCT-5.1935.

Patented D60. 3, 1918.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

.............. &2 -l: uwmw i E. F. BEUGLER.

MACHINE FOR LOCKING METAL HOOPS.

APPLICATION man 001.5. 1915.

1,286,210. Patented Dec. 3, 1918.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

my. H -96 M28 E. F; BEUGLER'.

MACHINE FOR LOCKING METAL HOOPS.

APPLICATION mum on. 5. ms.

1,286,210. Patented [email protected],191s;

5 SHEETS-"SHEET 5.

Enron.

EDWIN BEUGLER, OEBUFFALO, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO E. & B. HOLMES MACHINz ERY COMPANY, OF-BUFFALO, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF YORK.

*MACHINE F01 8, LOCKING METAL HOOPS.

" Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed October 5, 1915. Serial No. 54,169.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWIN F. BEUGLER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Buffalo, in thecounty of Erie and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Machines for Looking Metal Hoops, of which the following is a.

specification.

} .duce a machine 'for this purpose which is 25. i parts broken away. Fig. 3 is a side eleva- -tion at the right hand side thereof with parts broken away. Fig. 4: is a vertical longitudinal section of a machine taken in line 44, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a fragmentary transverse section taken on line 55, Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a fragmentary vertical longitudinal section, on an enlarged scale, taken in line 6+6, Fig.' 2 and showing the position of the parts of the locking forming devices preparatory to forming the first ste in producing the lock between the ends 0 a metal barrel hoop.' Fig. 7 is a similar view of parts of the look forming device's showing the same in the position which they occupy while effecting the first step of the lock forming operation. Fig.- 8 is a similar view showing the position of the parts of the lock forming devices preparatory vto performing the second step of the lock forming operation. Fig. 9 is asimilar view showing the position of these parts while performing the second'step of the lock forming operation. Fig. 10 is a face view of the movable block which carries the rivet forming and clenching dies and one of the hook forming cutters. Fig. 11 is a face view of the stationary block which carries the rivet abutment dies and the other hook forming cutter. Fig. 12 is a horizontal section taken on line 12-12,

This invention relates to a machine for looking or connecting the ends of sheet' jmetal barrel hoops andhas the object to pro- PatentedDec. 3, 1918. I

Fig. 10. Fig. is a horizontal section on line 13-13., Fig. 11. Fig. 14 is a fragmentary vertical longitudinal section taken on line 14.14, Fig. 13. Fig. 15 is a fragmentary view of the overlapping ends of a sheet metal hoop showing the same connected by the lock or joint which is produced by my improved looking machine. Fig. 16

is a longitudinal section thereof taken on line 1616, Fig. 15. Figs. 17 and 18 are vertical transverse sections taken on the corres ondingly numbered lines in Fig 15.

imilar characters of reference lndicate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

Although the particular form of thelock or Joint which is produced by this machine for connecting the ends of a sheet metal vhoop may be varied the same, as shown in Figs. 15-18, .preferably' comprises two rivets 1 which connect the overlapping ends 2, 3 of a sheet metal hoop and a plurality of interlocking hooks or lips, 4:. tively on these hoop ends. Each of the rivets is formed integrally from the stock from which the hoop ends are made by piercing and punching or displacing the metal there of so as to produce two eyelets which are arranged concentrically one within the other, the outer eyeletbeing formed on the outer, hoop end and upset against the outer side of the same and the inner eyelet extending from the inner hoop end outwardly throng the outer eyelet and upset at its front endagainst the outer end of the outer eyelet.

For some purposes these eyelet rivets may' be sufficient to lock the hoop ends both against lateral and longitudinal d1splace-.

ment-relatively to each other, but when the use to which thehoop is to be put requires the same to resist extra heavy longitudinal strains it is preferable to supplement the holding effect of the eyelet rivets by means of a supplemental locking device wh1ch comprises a plurality of outwardlyprojecting hooks 1 arranged in a longitudinal row on the inner hoop ends and engaging with their noses against the shoulders formed on the outer hoop end adjacent to the noses of its hooks, as shown in Fig. 16. These interlocking hooks of the hoop ends are produced in the hoop-ends between the eyelet rivets and displacing the metal adjacent to these slit lltWfirdly a suflicient distance to per- 5 formed respecby a longitudinal row of vertical slits formed 4 cross bars '7 connecting the lower parts of the side pieces and a table or top 8 connecting the upper ends of these side pieces.

Preparatory to producing the locl; or joint. between the ends of a hoop the latter is placed upon a mandrel with its ends overlapping each other and thenthe hoop is expanded to its proper size and its overlap ping ends are securely held in place relatively to each other so that the lock which is subsequently produced on the same will' be in its proper position and also produce a hoop of a definite size, This mandrel may be variously constructed but in its preferred form the same is adapted to support the hoop in a horizontal position'during the lock forming operation. As shown in the drawings, this mandrel preferably comprises a normally stationary front section which is of substantially semi-circular form and a rear section of substantially semicircular form which is movable radially relatively to the front section. The normally fixed front mandrel section comprises a cross piece 9 which is detachably secured to the table by a vertical clamping bolt 10,

two curved upright flanges or walls 11 arranged at opposite ends of the cross piece and separated from each other by an intervening space or gap and horizontal flanges 211 projecting outwardly from the curved flanges. The rear mandrel section comprises an upright curved flange or wall 12 and a horizontal flange 13 projecting outwardly from the lower edge of the upright flange l2. Preparatory to applying the hoop on the mandrel the rear movable mandrel section is moved forward so as to re duce the diameterof the mandrel and permit of placing the hoop thereon so that the same surrounds the vertical flanges of the mandrel sections and rests with its lower edge on their horizontal flanges which lat-' ter form supporting shoulders or shelves for this purpose. The hoop is placed upon the mandrel with its ends overlapping each other in the space between the front flanges 11, 11 and held together by agripping device which will be hereinafter explained. After the'hoop has been thus placed over the contracted mandrel therear mandrel section is moved rearwardly so that the upi right flanges of the several mandrel sections engage firmly with the inner side of the.

the latter until the reioop has been reached ne has been set. Dur- 5 operation the overlapo noon which at this time are only held fricticna in engagement with each other are'pe itted to slip relatively to ch other the required extent. After the hoop has been thus sized as to its diameter the locking devices operate upon the over: lapping ends of the hoops and form a connection between the same which operates to hold these ends against displacement both lengthwise and transversely so that the hoop is ready for use. .After the lock has been produced on the overlapping ends of the hoops the rear mandrel section again moves forwardly so as to contract the mandrel as a whole and permit the operator to remove the finished hoop and replace the same by another unfinished hoop. During the radial movement of the rear mandrel section the same is guided this being preferably effected by providing the opposite ends of this mandrel section with late ally projecting guide lugs 14 which slide upon the upper sides of horizontal guide rails 15 arranged lengthwise upon the table ofthe frame on opposite sides of the mandrel.

The means for effecting this radial movementof the rear mandrel section maybe va-' riously designed but as shown in the drawings these means comprise a horizontal rock shaftilG journaled transversely in suitable bearings on the rear part of the main frame 100 and having an upper arm 17 which is operatively connected with the rear mandrel section and a lower arm 18 which is provided with a roller 19; a main shaft 20 journaled horizontally and transversely in suit- 105 able hearings on the lower central part of the machine, and a cam 21 which is secured to the shaft 20 and which engages with a roller 19 on the arm 18 for turning the siz- I ing lever in the direction which will move 110 the rear mandrel section radially outward. The weight of the lower arm of this sizing lever is sufficiently heavy to turn the same inthe opposite direction and move the hoop and expan' quired diann... er for which the ill ing this exp: ping endsof rear mandrel section radially inward when if the operator places a previously locked hoop of a smaller size in the machine before the same is re-adjusted to operate uponhoops of a larger size, in which'case the op era-ting mechanism for the rear mandrel rec these circumstances a yielding device is pro--.

vided which. preferably donsists partly in forming the upper arm of the sizing lever in two sections 23, 24 which are pivotally connected with each other by a horizontal transverse bolt25, the lower section being connected with the lower arm 18 of this lever while the upper section is operatively' connected with the rear mandrel section. The armsection 23 is yieldingly pressed rearwa-rdly against a stop 26 on the lower section 24 by means of a spring device so that these two arm sections are practically rigid during the normal operation of the machine. This spring device, as shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5 preferably comprises a tension rod 27 passing through the upper arm section 23 and the stop 26 thereof and provided at its inner end with a screw nut 28 engagingwith the inner side of the arm section 23-and a ward movement encounters abnormallyhigh spring 30 surrounding the tension rod 27 and bearing at its inner end against the outer side of the stop 26 and at its outer end against an outer screw nut 29 on the rod 27. If the rear mandrel section during its rearresistance the lower section 24 of the upper sizin lever arm moves rearwardly indepen'. ently of the upper section 23 during which time the spring 30 is compressed and during the return movement of these parts this spring, again restores these parts to their normal position, thereby avoiding-accidents under the abnormal conditions referred to. The inward or return movement of the rear mandrel section and the parts connected therewith is limited'by means of a stop 31 mounted on the lower section of the up er arm of the sizing lever and adapted to engage with the upper rear part of the main frame, as shown in Fig. 4.

For the purpose .of enabling this machine to be used for-sizing and locking the sheet metal hoops of different diameters a plurality of sets of different sizes of mandrel sections are provided which sets are capable of being interchanged in the machine in accordance with the articular size ofhoop de sired. The interchange of the front mandrel sections is readily accomplished by means of the clamping bolt 10 whereby the front sections are detachably connected with the main frame. For the purpose of detachably connecting the rear sections of the mandrel sets with the operating mechanism of the machine means may be provided of various' constructions but as shown in the drawings these means are preferably constructed as follows:

'32 represents a shifting rod arranged rear mandrel section while its rear end is provided with an external screw thread.- 33

represents a coupling lug or sleeve which isnuts 34, 35 working on the threadpf the shifting rod and engaging with the'front and rear ends of the coupling lug 33. The latter is normally arranged between two rocking lugs36 arranged on the upper end of the upper section 23 of the upper arm of the sizing lever. The shifting rod lug and the sizing lever lugs are detachably connected with each other by means of a locking pin or coupling bolt 37 passing horizontally through horresponding openings in these lugs. One end of this locking bolt is provided with. a handle 38 for manipulating the same and its opposite end is pointed and provided on one side with a notch 39 which is adapted to be engaged by I mechanism for expanding the hoop which is to be locked accurately to the diameter which the same should have in its finished state and by means of the detachable connection between the shifting rod 32 and the upper arm of the sizing lever it is possible to quickly and conveniently change the machine for locking difi'erent'sizes of hoops. In practice it is preferable to have a set of mandrel sections for each size of hoops.

which are to be locked and provide the rear section of 'each set of mandrel sections wlth a shifting rod- 32 and coupling lug 33 which has been previously adjusted to secure the right size of hoops, thereby avoiding the necessity, of producing any fine adjustments when'changing from one size hoop to another. a

During the operation of sizing the-hoop .and forming the locking joint between the overlapping ends thereof means are pro vided for securely holding these ends in place relatively to each other which means are preferably constructed as follows 44 represents. a supporting head which 15 arranged in the gap between the upright and horizontal flanges of the front mandrel section and is formed on the front part "of the frame table. The front side of this head is provided with an upright curved face which is substantially concentric with the upright. flanges of the front mandrel section so as is the meat for ner latter outer hoo Eli l. able to have the left nan it arranged on the'inner side lop and the right hand hoop end i on the outer side of ti hoop, ma chine play he designed t W upon the hoop ends reversely of th' r 'on, if dejaw 16 is provided with a roughened gripping surface which is a apted to engage with the outer side of the outer hoop end between the overlapping extremities of the hoop ends, as shown in Fig. 16. These two gripping or clamping jaws are moved away from the supporting head id when the sizing mandrel is contracted and thereby permit the operator to freely remove one hoop from the mandrel and replace the same by another. During the initial portion of each cycle of operations of the machine and before the sizing and locking operations are effected the two clamping jaws 45, 4L6 move inwardly or rearwardly so as to grip vthe hoop and remain in this-position until the sizing and locking of the hoop has been effected after which these jaws are again moved outwardly or forwardly into an inoperative position. By providing the left hand clamping jaw engaging the inner hoop end with a smooth face and the right hand gripping jaw engaging the outer hoopend with a rough face the outer hoop end will be held against longitudinal movement but 'the'inner hoop end will be permitted to slide lengthwise relatively to the outer hoop end during the sizing operation. therefore possible for the operator to place the extremity of the outer hoop end in a definite position relative to a gage or mark on the supporting head or other part of'the machine so that the first rivet fromthe extremity of the outer hoop end will be always It'is.

ght variations in the thickness of the cos but also avoid breakage in the ma ie without requiring great nicetj of adustment. In its preferred form the means for operating the clamping or gripper arts for accomplishing this purpose are constructed as follows:

ll, l8 represent two upright clamping arms which are arranged on the front part of the machine on op 'iosite sides of the center thereof and adapted to swing back and forth lengthwise of the machine. 49 represents a horizontal clamping shaft which is journaled transversely in suitable bearings on the upper front part of the main frame so as to be capable of a rocking movement. a h of the clamping arms is mounted yieldingly at its lower end on this shaft, the

' preferred means for this purpose consisting of a sleeve 50 secured to the clamping shaft and provlded with a downwrdly and forwardly pro ecting lug 51 to which the lower end of the respective clamping arm is pivoted by means of a bolt 52 or the like, a tension rod connected at one end ovith the sleeve 50 and passing through an opening in the lower part of the respective clamping arm, and a spring 5% surrounding" the tension rod and bearing at its inner end against the outer side of the clamping arm while its outer end bears against a screw nut 55 at the outer end of the tension rod. The movement of the clamping arm under the action of this spring may be adjustably controlled by means of a stop screw 56 arranged on the lower part of the clamping arm and engaging with the adjacent part of the supporting sleeve 50. The rock I shaft 49 is turned in the direction for moving the clamping jaws 45, 46 rearwardly or inwardly toward the supporting head 4. L by-Ineans of a. rock arm 57 depending from this rock shaft and provided at its lower end with a roller 58 which engages with a rotatable gripper cam 59 mounted on the main shaft, as shown in Figs. 1-4; The return movement of the rock shaft for moving the clamping jaws forwardly or away from the supporting head is effected by meansvof a spring 60 which connects the cam arm 57 with the rear Part of the main frame. During each cycle of operations of the machine the rotary movement of the cam 59 moves the cam arm 57 forwardly therebyv moving. the clamping jaws rearwardly or inwardly for the purpose of gr-iping the overlapping ends of the hoop between the clamping jaws and the supporting head.

The throw of the cam 59 is so designed that it is in excess of the requirements for engaging the clamping jaws with the hoop end which excess movement causes the springs 54,54 of the clamping arms 47. 48 to be strained anda yielding pressure to be applled 'by their awsagain'st the overin a recess 62 in the front or outer side of the supporting head and held therein, preferably, by means .of set screws 63 arranged in the upper part of the supporting head and engaging with the upper side of this supporting block. The front side or outer face of this supporting block is flush, or substantially so, with the front face of the supporting head and preferably curved concentrically with the face of the latter and the upright flanges of the front mandrel section. In the front side of this supporting block the same is provided with two sockets 64, 64 which are arranged horizontally side by side but spaced apart and in each of these sockets is arranged an abutment die 65'of hard material such as steel. abutment dies is preferably of tubular form and-has its front end extending slightly beyond the face of the companion supporting block. The abutment dies are held in their sockets by means of set screws 66 arranged in the lower part of the supporting block and engaging with the undersides of the abutment dies. The overlapping ends of the hoop are placedby the operator in front of these abutment dies preparatory to forming the lock joint between the same. In order to reliably support and retain these overlapping hook' ends in frontof these abutment dies and prevent the same from becoming twisted or assuming a scissor-like position relatively to each other preparatory to forming the lock joint between the same a support is provided for the same which preferably consists of a forwardly projecting flange or shelf 67 arranged at the lower end of this supporting block in position to engage the lower edges of the hoop ends so that the latter are retained parallel and in a straightened position relatively to each other and also supported so that the same are arr'anged'midway of their height in line with theabutmentd'ies, as shown in Fig. 6. 68,. 68 represent two forming dies, preferably of tubular shape, which are arranged horizontally side by side and which are movable toward and from the outer side of the hoop in line with the abutment dies for the purpose. of clamping the overlapping" hoop ends between the abutment and form- 66 ing dies or releasing the same. While the Each of these forming dies are moved inwardly against the outer side of a hoop so that the overlapping ends of the latter are clamped between the abutment and forming dles, two tubular rivets are formed side by side out of the stock of the overlapping hoop ends, each of these rivets having an integral tubular part which projects from the inner hoop end outwardly through an opening 1n the outer hoop end. These rivets are. produced by means of two punches or needles 69 which are arranged horizontally side by side and parallel lengthwise of the machine and guided in correspondingly arranged openings 70 formed in the supporting head and extending at their front ends through openings 71 in the fixed supporting block and into the abutment dies. The rear ends of these punches project beyond the inner side of the supporting head. In the retracted position of the punches the outer or front ends of the same are arranged in rear of the faces of the abutment dies and after the overlapping hoop ends are clamped between the abutment and forming dies the punches are moved outwardly and forced through the metal of the overlapping hoop ends so as to form two'pairs of eyelets thereon, the members of each pair being arranged one within the other and projecting outwardly into the bore of one of the forming dies, as shown in Fig. 7. This outward or forward movement of the punches may be produced by various means but prefer ably by the means which are shown in the drawings and which comprise a rock shaft 72 journaled transversely in the upper part of the main frame, a punch lever compris-' ing an upper arm 73 secured to the punch rock shaft and projecting upwardly through an opening 74 formed in the table of the frame between the front and rear 'mandrel sections and a lower rock arm 75 secured to the punch rock shaft and projecting downwardly therefrom, two bearing pieces 76, 76 secured to the front side of the upper punching arm 73 and engaging with the rear ends, respectively, of the punches, and a punching cam 77 arranged on the main or cam shaft and engaging with a roller 78 on the lower arm of the punching lever, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4. As the high part of the punching cam engages with the lower arm of the punching lever the upper arm of the latter is moved forwardly for causing the two punches to perforate the over-. lapping hoop ends and form the tubular rivets or eyelets thereon and when the lower part of this cam is presented to the lower punching arm the latter returns by gravity to its retracted position together with the 'upper arm thereof which is connected therewith through the medium of the rock shaft 72.

' spaced apart a distance equal to that between the forming dies and between theabutment dies. After the forn'iing (lies have been withdrawn from the outer side'of the hoop the same are moved upwardly and at the same time the clenching dies are raised into a position in which they are in line respectively with the abutment dies, as shown in Fig. 8. After this the clenching dies are moved inwardly into engagement with the front ends of the tubular rivets of the hoop ends so that each of these rivets is upset or clenched at its front end laterally against the outer side of the outer hoop end, as shown in Fig. 9. The front ends of the tubular rivets are compelled to spread and up-set against the outer side of the hoop by means of retaining stems 80. arranged centrally on the faces of the clenching dies,

respectively. Each of these stems is adapted to engage with the front end of one of the perforating punches in one of the tubular rivets and push the respective punch backwardly out of the rivet and into the companion abutment die so that as the punch is withdrawn from the respective tubular rivet the retaining stem enters the same and thereby provides a continuous support for the rivet in its bore which operates as a core to prevent the front end of the tubular rivet from turning inwardly but instead insures turning the same laterally against the outer side of thehoop.

After the rivets have been thus up-set or clenched the clenching dies are again .withdrawn forwardly from the hoop and abutment dies to permit the operator to remove the finished hoop and replace the'same by another and the forming and clenching dies are again lowered 'while in this retracted osition preparatory to beginning anot er cycle of operations of the machine in which position the forming dies are again arranged opposite the abutment dies and the clenching dies are arranged below and out of line with the abutment dies, as shown in Fig. 6.

The forming and clenching dies may be alternately moved laterally relatively to the abutment dies and punches and also successively moved toward and from the abutment dies and punches by various means but preferably by the means which are shown in -the drawings and constructed asfollows:

81 represents a movable or vibratory supporting block upon which the forming and clenching dies are mounted. preferably by providing the face ofthis block with sockiaeaaro ject slightly beyond the face of this block,

as shown in Figs. 69. This movable supporting block is preferably constructed of dove-tail form in cross section and seated in a correspondingly shaped socket 84' which is formed on the free inner end of a vertically swinging shifting arm 85 and retained therein by the set screw 86 arranged on the upper part of this arm and engaging with the upper side of this block, as shown in Fig. 6. Upon raising or lowering this shifting arm while the forming dies and clenching dies are in their retracted or inner inoperative position either one or the other of these pairs of dies may be brought'to the operatiye position in line with the abutment dies and punches. The outer end of the shifting arm is pivoted by means of a hori-. zontal transverse pin 87 to the upper arm 88 of a main die or forming lever 89 which latter is mounted on a horizontal shaft 90 journaled transversely in suitable hearings on the upper front part of the machine while its lower arm 91 is provided with a roller 92 which engagesv with a cam 93 on the adjacent part of the main shaft. This cam has two high faces and. two low faces which alternate and form a double throw cam which operates to rock lhe forming lever twice during each cycle of operations of the machine. The return movement of this lever When its roller 92 stands opposite the low parts of the cam 93 is effected by means of a spring 94 connecting the lower arm of this lever with a bracket 95 secured to the rear part of the frame, as shown in Fig. 4. The vertically swinging movement of the die shifting arm 85 on the upper arm of the forming lever may be limited by various means but preferably by upper and lower stops 96, 97 arranged on the upper and lower part of the upper forminglever arm and adapted to be engaged alternately by the upper and lower sides of the shifting arm 85. In the position of the parts shown in Fig. 6, this shifting arm is in its lowered position in which the same engages the lower stop 97 of the forming lever and the forming dies are in their operative position relatively to the abutment dies and punches, while in Fig. 8 this shifting arm 85 is in its elevated position andin engagement with the upper stop 96 of the forming lever so that the clenching dies are in the operative position relatively to the abutment dies and punches. This shifting arm is either in its elevated or its lowered position whenever the main forming lever is rocking and carryingeither the forming dies or the clenching dies toward and from the abutment dies and abutment dies-and unches then the shifting arm 85 is free to m rocked vertically for alternating the position of the forming and clenching dies relatively to the abutment dies and punches.

When the high part of the cam 93 shown uppermost in Fig. 4 engages the roller 92 of thelever 91 then the lower arm of the latter is moved outwardly and the upper arm thereof inwardly so that the die block 81 is moved into the position shown in Fig.7, and when the high part of the cam 93 shown in thelower part of Fig. 4 engages the roller 92 of the lever 91, then thelatter is shifted for carrying the die block 81 into the position shown in Fig. 9, it being understood that this die block is also shifted vertically from the position shown in Fig. 7 to the position shown-in Fig. 9 during alternate rocking movements of the lever 91. The means whereby this alternation of the forming and clenching dies relative to the working position is effect (1 may be accomplished by mechanism W 'ich may be variously constructed but the means which are shown in the drawings have been found satisfactory in actual operation and as there shown the same are constructed as follows 98 represents an upright shifting rod which is pivotally connected at-its upper end with one side of the shifting arm 85. 99 represents an intermediate tappet lever pivoted to swing vertically by means of a pin 100 on the lower arm 91 of the form-ing lever. The

. front arm of this tappet lever is operatively connected with the lower end of the shifting rod 98 while the rear" or inner arm. of the same is adapted to he engaged by means of a tappet or auxiliary cam 101 which rotates :with the main shaft20 and is preferably mounted on one side of the forming cam 93.

y The shifting arm .85 is rocked once during each cycle of operations. While the upper arm of the forming lever is efi'ecting its first forward and backward movement under the action of the high and low faces of the dou ble throw cam 93' the shifting arm 85 is retained in its, lowermost position b means of the spring102 connecting the shi ing rod 98 with the adjacent part of the forming lever at which time the tappet 101 is out of engagement from the tappet lever 99 but during the interval between the'first return stroke of the main lever and its second forward stroke the tappet 101 operates the tappet lever 99 so as to raise the shifting arm 85 relativelyto the main lever and retain the same in;this .elevated position during the next forward andbackward stroke of the main lever. By this means the main lever 89 is rocked twice during each cycle of operatoward the abutment-dies and punches and durin the next forward movement of'the main lever the clenching dies are moved toward the abutment dies and'punches, which alternate shifting of the forming and clenching dies to the operative position is effected during each cycle of operations of the machine.

In order to hold the shifting arm 85 firmly and reliably in its proper elevated or depressed position without requiring any fine fitting of the tappet 101 or the parts assov ciated therewith the means for raising the shifting arm 85 are so constructed that a yielding pressure in an upward direction, is applied to this shifting arm which is preferably effected by means of a yielding connection between the lower end of the shift- -upper end against a collar 10 on this rod and with its lowerend against a sleeve resting on the upper side of the front arm of the'tappet lever, the lower end of said sleeve being bifurcated, as shown in Figs. 1' and 4. At its lower end the shifting rod 98 is provided with a washer 106 engaging with the underside of the front arm of the tappet lever and held adj ustably in place on this rod by means of screw nuts 107. When the rear arm of the tappet lever is engaged by the tappet 101 the shifting arm 85 is raised until it engages with the upper stop 96 of the main lever and thereafter any excess throw of this. tappet causes the spring 103 to be compressed 105 without further shifting the arm 85 u wardly, thereby avoiding e xact fitting of t e tappet 101 for effecting this movement. Any accurate adjustment which may be necessary tobring the forming and clenching dies into 1 their proper operative position may be effected by pro viding each of the stops 96, 97

with an outwardly projecting lug 108 which devices may be used when a greater number ofrivets are required. Instead, however, of connecting the overlapping hoop ends by more than two rivets it is preferable to provide the same between the two rivets with one or more interlocking hooks .which are Figs. 10-1d.

constructed like those shown in Figs. 15 l6 and 17 and which operate toincrease the resistance which the hoop ends are capable of exerting against any strains tending to pull them apart lengthwise relatively to each other. Such interlocking hooks are preferably formed on the overlapping hoop ends at the same time that the upsetting or clenching of the rivets is effected by providing the cooperating faces of the fixed and movable supporting blocks with cotiperating cutters 111, 112. Eachof these cutters is preferably provided on its face or outer side with a plurality of cutting teeth or blades 113 which are adapted to cooperate with the corresponding blades or teeth of the other cutter when the two supporting blocks approach each other while these cutters are in their proper relative position. The cutter of the fixed supporting block is arranged in a horizontal groove 114 formed in, this block between the sockets which contain the abutment dies and the cutter of the movable supporting block is arranged in a horizontal groove 115 arranged in the face of this last mentioned block between the sockets containing the clenching dies, as shown in The cutter associated with the clenching dies is held in place by pressing the latter against opposite ends of the respective cutter by means of set screws 116 arranged in opposite ends of the movable supporting block and engaging with the outer sides of the clenching dies, as shown in Fig. 12, while the cutter of the fixed supporting block is retained in place .by means of a set screw 117 arranged in the lower part of the fixed supporting block and engaging with the underside of the cutter therein, as, shown in Fig. 14.

A controlling mechanism is provided for this machine which is so constructed that it is necessary for the operator to perform a manual-operation for beginning each cycle driving shaft 119 journaled transversely in suitable bearings on the rear lower part of the frame and provided with a pinion 120 which meshes with the gearwheel 118 and also provided with a pulley 121 adapted to receive a belt for transmitting motion to the driving shaft from any suitable source. A

the clutch heel and the adjacent bearing of the main frame and provided on one side of the shaft with a bearing in'which a spindle or short shaft 125 is journaled parallel with the main shaft. To the outer end of this spindle is secured a vertically swinging coupling or clutch dog 126 having arearwardly projecting nose 127 and a forwardly projecting curved tail 128. This dog may be turned so as to move its n'ose laterally out of the path of the clutch teeth so that the v clutch wheel and driving mechanism moves idly without operating the main shaft and the mechanism opera'tively connected therewith, but when the nose of the coupling dog is moved inwardly into the, path of the clutch teeth one of the latter will engageits abrupt front side with the nose of the dog and thereby couple the driving'shaft and the main shaft for operating the machine. The clutch dog is turned in the direction for engaging its nose with a tooth of the clutch wheel by means of a spring 160 connected at one endwith the lower part of the bracket 12% while its opposite end is connected with an arm 129 secured to the inner end of the clutch spindle 125, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. Disengagement of the nose of the dog from the clutch teeth is effected by a trip mechanism operating upon the curved tail of the dog which trip mechanism comprises avertically swinging rock arm 130 provided at its free end with a trip roller 131 adapted to move into and out of the path of the tail of the clutch dog. This trip arm is mounted on a horizontal rock shaft 132 which is journaled lengthwise on the outer side of the right side piece of the main frame and is provided with an upright operating arm 133. 134 represents a vertically swing-- ing intermediate rock lever which is arranged transversely of the main frame and pivoted thereto by means of'a bolt 135, as shown, or by any other suitable means. The outer arm of this intermediate lever is con nected by means 'of a link 136. with the upright arm 133 of the rock shaft 132 while its inner arm is connected with the main frame by means of a'spring 137 which constantly tends to raise this inner arm and thereby turn the elbow lever composed of the shaft 132 and the arms 130, 133, so that the trip roller 131 is arranged in the path of the tail of this intermediate lever under the action of the spring 137 is limited by means of a stop 138 which preferably consists of a scre mounted on the adjacent part of the frame in position to be engaged by the underside of the outer arm of the intermediate lever which operates to arrest this lever in the position in which the pivotal connection between the link 136 and the outer arm of the intermediate lever and the upper arm of the elbow lever are in line with the pivot of the intermediate lever, thereby forming a toggle at this time which rigidly holds the trip roller 131 in its lowered operative position so'that the same ill firmly engage the tail of the dog and move its nose out of engagement from the teeth of the clutch wheel.

139 represents an upright shifting rod which is guided with its upper part in a bracket 140 on the main frame and provided at its upper end with a handle141 while its lower end engages with the inner arm of the intermediate lever 134. This shifting rod is normally held in an elevated position by means of a sprin 142 surrounding the upper part of the shifting rod and engaging its upper end against the underside of the handle while its lower end bears against the bottom of a pocket 143 formed in the upper side of this bracket. The length of this spring is such that when the same is fully relaxed this shifting rod is raised into its highest position in which its lower end is close to the upper side of the inner arm of the intermediate lever 134, as shown in Fig. 1. When the operator depresses the shifting rod the intermediate lever 134 is turned so as to.un-' fold or break the toggle connection between the same and the elbow-shaped trip lever, whereby the trip roller 131 is raised and the spring 128 is permitted to throw the nose of the dog inwardly into the path of the teeth of the clutch wheel, thereby coupling the main shaft with the driving shaft and causing the machine to begin a cycle of operations. ,If 'theoperator immediately withdraws his hand from the shifting rod 139 so 1 as to permit the spring 142 to raise the same and-the spring 137 to turn ,the inter- ;mediate lever in the direction for again lowering the trip roller 131, then'the tail of the coupling dog after making one complete rotation about the axis of the machine shaft will engage this trip roller and'be pressed inwardly thereby, so that the nose of the dog is disengaged from the clutch wheel, thereby. uncoupling the operating mechanism from the driving mechanism and automatically stopping the same at the end of a com plete cycle of operations.

the intermediate lever during the initial portion of each cycle of operations of the machine if the operator should neglect to take his hand off the shifting rod. The preferred means for this purpose comprise a guide bracket 144 which is mounted'on the main frame adjacent to the lower part of the shifting rod 139 and provided with a horizontal longitudinal slot 145 through which the lower part of this rod passes. Within a pocket 146 in this bracket is arranged a spring 147 which constantly tends to move the shifting rod laterally toward the inner end of the slot 145 in which the same is arranged with its lower end over the inner arm of the intermediate lever 134, as shown in Fig. 3. 148 represents a tap pet or knock-off pin arranged on the lower arm of the main or forming lever 89 and projecting laterally therefrom into a position in rear of the lower part of the shifting rod 139, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3.

After the machine begins its cycle of op-' erations due to the manual de ression of this shifting rod and the coup ing of the clutch between the main shaft and the driving shaft, the tappet 148 while moving forwardly with the lower arm of the lever 89 causes the lower part of the shifting rod 139 to be moved forwardly and out of line with the front arm of theintermediate rock lever 134. If therefore this shifting rod has been held in a depressed position after the coufore be apparent that by this. means it is necessary for the operator to first permit this shifting rod to be raised into its highest positionbythe spring 142 in order to permit the spring 147 to again carry the lower end of the shifting rod backwardly over the inner arm .of the intermediate lever before the trip roller 131 can be.again raised to permit of coupling the clutch, Inasmuch as the main rock lever 89 makes two oscillations during each cycle. of operations of the machine, the tappetleiS moves or knocks off the lower end of the shifting rod 139 from the intermediate lever twice during each cycle of operations, thereby reducing to a minimum the chances of operating the machine continuously if the attendant v through oversight orcarelessness should depress the shifting rod 139 at an improper time. 4 The weight of the rotating parts of the 'machine, in the absence of any provision to if 7 fie with theface of the stop camand a sprmg.

"153 connecting the mainframe with the cycle of operations the notch of the cam prevent it, would be liable at times to overthrow or move the mechanism slightly beyond a complete cycle of operations and thereby interfere with the operation of the machine as well as the insertion and removal. of hoops. In order to avoid such overthrow means are provided which preferably comprise a stop earn 149 fixed on the main shaft and provided in its salient part with a notch 150, an elbow lever 151 pivoted on the main frame and provided on one of its arms with a roller 152 adapted to engage other arm of the elbow stop lever. The con 'struction of the stop cam and the position of the stop roller are so determined that when the machine reaches the end of its 149 will be presented to the roller 152'and the latter will. be pressed with sufiicient force into this notch by means of the spring 153 so as to reliably stop the operation of themachine at this time and prevent the objectionable overthrow above referred to.

of locked sheet metal hoops at compara- This machine as a whole is veryreliable and eficient in operation and permits of the expeditious production of a large number the forming andclenching diessuccessively into operative relation .to said punch.

. A machine for lockin the, ends of metal hoops comprising'a forming punch adapted to perforate the overlapprn ends of the hoop and produce an integra rivet thereon, a'female forming dieadapted to receive said punchand rivet, a clenching die adapted to upset the end of said rivet agalnst said. hoop, and an abutment die which is adapted to engage with the hoop opposite the forming and clenching dies,

nasegaio 3. A machine for lockin the ends of -metal hoops comprising a forming punch adapted to perforate the overlapping ends of a metal hoop and produce a tubular rivet extending from one hoop end through the other, a tubular abutment die through which said punch passes and which is adapted to engage with the same side of the hoop as the punch, a tubular form-ing die which. re-

ceives said punch and rivet and is adaptedto engage with the opposite side of the hoop, and a clenching die adapted to upset the front end of said rivet, said forming and clenching dies being movable laterally relatively to the axis of the unch for-bringing the forming and clenc ing dies successively into operative relation to said punch.

4. A machine for locking the ends of metal hoops comprising a orming punch. adapted to perforate the overlapping ends of a metal hoop and produce a tubular rivet extending from one hoop end through the other,a tubular abutment die through which said punch passes and which is adapted to engage with the same side of the hoop as the punch, a tubular forming die which receives said punch and rivet .a'nd is adapted to engage with the opposite side of the hoop, a clenching die adapted to upset the front end of said rivet and provided with a retaining stem adapted to enter the rivet from the front end thereof, said forming and clenching dies being movable laterally relatively to the axis of the punch for bringing the forming and clenching dies successively into operative relation to said punch.

5. A machine for lockin the ends of metal hoops comprising a orming punch adapted to perforate the overlapplngends of a metal hoop and produce a rivet extending from one hoop end through the other, a forming die which receives the front end of said rivet, a clenching die adapted to upset the front end of said rivet, a stationary guide for said punch, a shifting rock arm supporting said forming and clenching dies, and a main rock lever on WlllCl'l sald shlftlng. arm is mounted.

6. A machine fo locking the endsof metal i hoops comprisin' a forming punch adapted to perforate the overlapping ends of a'metal hoop end through the other, a normally eta-- tionary abutment dle arranged adjacent to said punch, a forming'die which. receives the hoop and produce a rivet extending from one front end of said rivet, a clenching. die adapt ed to upset the front end of said rivet, a normally stationary supporting block.-- which su ports said abutment die, and a vibratory -supportingbloc'k which is movable laterally tee , die which receives the front end of said rivet,

punch and a support for said forming a clenching die adapted to upset the front end of said rivet, a stationary guide for saig an clenching dies which is movable laterally relatively to said punch and also lengthwise relatively to the punch.

8. A machine for locking the ends of metal hoops comprising a forming punch adapted to perforate the overlapping ends of a metal hoop and produce a rivet extending from one hoop end through the other, a forming die which receives the front end of said rivet, a clenching die adapted to upset the front end of said rivet, a normally stationary supporting block which supports said abutment die,

and a vibratory supporting block which is movable laterally relatively to the punch and abutment die and which supports said forming die and clenching die and which is also movable lengthwise for bringing said forming die and clenching die successively in op 'erative engagement with said hoop in line with said punch and abutment die.

9. A machine for locking the ends of metal hoops comprising a forming punch adapted to perforate the overlapping ends of a metal hoop and produce a rivet extending from one hoop end through the other, a forming die which receives the front end of said rivet, a clenching die adapted to upset the front end of said rivet, a stationary guide for said punch, a frame on which said punch guide is mounted, a shifting arm carrying said forming and clenching dies, and a lever on which said arm is pivoted and which is pivotally mounted on the main frame.

10. A machine for locking the ends of metal hoops comprising a forming punch adapted to perforate the overlapping ends of a metal hoop and produce a rivet extending from one hoop end through the other, a forming die which receives the front end of said rivet, a clenching die adapted to upset the front end of said rivet, a stationary guide for said punch, a frame on which said punch guide is mounted, a shifting arm carrying said forming and clenching dies, and a lever on which said arm is pivoted and which is pivotally mounted on the main frame, the axes of said arm and lever being parallel.

11. A machine for locking the ends of metal hoops comprising a forming punch adapted to perforate the overlapping ends of a metal hoop and produce a rivet extending from one hoop end through the other, a

vdies, a lever on which sai spring for moving said lever in the opposite direction.

12. A machine for locking the ends of metal hoops comprising a forming punch adapted to perforate the overlapping ends of a metal hoop and produce a rivet extending from one hoop end through the other, a

forming die which receives the front end of said rivet, a clenching die adapted to upset the front end of said rivet, a stationary guide for said punch, a frame on which said punch guide is mounted, a shifting arm 'car rying said forming and clenching dies, a main lever on which said arm is pivoted and which is pivotally mounted on the main frame, and means for operating said arm comprising a tappet lever mounted on said main lever, a rod for transmitting motion from said tappet lever to said shifting arm, a spring for moving said rod, shifting arm and tappet lever in one direction,-and arotatable tappet operating on said tappet lever for moving the same and the arts associated therewith in the opposite direction.

13. A machine for locking the ends of metal hoops comprising a forming punch adapted to perforate the overlapping ends of a metal hoop and produce a rivet extending from one hoop end through the other, a forming die which receives the front. end of said rivet, a clenchin die adapted to upset the front end of said rivet, a stationary .guide for said punch, a frame on whichsaid punch guide is mounted, a shifting arm carrying said forming and clenching dies, a lever on which said arm is pivoted and which is pivotally mounted onthe main frame, means for rockin said main lever twice during each cycle 0 o erations of the machine, and means for roc 'ng said shifting arm once during each cycle of operations of the machine.

14. A machine for locking the ends of metal hoops comprising a formin punch adapted to perforate the .overlappmg ends of a metal hoopt and produce a rivet extending from one a orming die which receives the front end of said rivet, a clenchin die adapted to upoop end'through the other, I

set the front-end of sai rivet, a stationary guide for said unch, a frame on which said punch gui e is mounted, a shifting arm carrying said .formin arm is pivoted and clenching and which is pivotally mounted on the main frame, means for operatingsaid main lever comprising a main rotatable,camrengaging said lever, and means for operating said shifting arm comprising 'a tappet mounted on the main lever and operatively connected with the shifting arm, and a tappet arranged on said main cam and engaging with said tappet lever.

15. A machine for locking the ends of metal hoops comprising a storming punch adapted to perforate the overlapping ends of a metal hoop and produce a tubularrivet extending from one hoop end through the other, a tubular abutment die through which rock arm which carries said vibratory block,

other, a tubular abutment die through which front end of said rivet, a stationary'block a main lever on which said shiftin arm is pivoted, and stops on said lever which limit the rocking movement of said arm on said 7 lever.

16. A machine for locking the ends of metal hoops comprising a forming punch adapted to perforate the overlapping-ends of a metal hoop and produce a tubular rivet extending from one hoop end through the said punch passes and which is adapted to engage with the same side of the hoop as the punch, a tubular-forming die which receives said punch and rivet and is adapted, to engage with the opposite side of the hoop, a clenchingvdie adapted to upset. the

which supports said abutment die, a vibratory block. which is movable toward and from said stationary block and supports said forming and clenching dies, a shifting rock arm which carries said vibratory block, a main lever on which said shifting arm is pivpted, stops on saidlever which limit the rocking movement of said arm on said lever, and means for operating said arm comprising a shifting rod connected with said shifting arm, asleeve capable of slidq ing lengthwise onsaid rod, a s ring for sleeve to said rod, a tappet lever engaging.

yieldingly transmitting motion om said with said'sleeve, and a tappet engaging witlr said tappet-lever.

17. -A machine, for locking the ends of metal hoops comprising means, for pr0ducing rivets on the overlapping ends of a hoop forconnecting", the same, and means forholding said ends position during aasaazio the operation of forming said rivets com prising a fixed support adaptedto be engaged by one side or the hoop, a clamping jaw movable toward and from the opposite side of the hoop, a clampingllever one arm of which carries said jaw, a cam engaging the other arm of said lever for moving the same in the operative direction, and a spring for moving said clamping lever in the opposite direction.

18. A machine for locking the ends of metal hoops comprising means for producing rivets on the overlapping ends of a hoop for connecting the same, means for holding said ends in positlon during the operation of formingsaid rivets, and means for operating said holding means which are yielding in the operating direction and which comprise a gripper rock arm which carries said holding means, a cam rock arm to which said gripper arm is pivoted, ateni sion rod connected with said cam arm, a

spring operating to transmit a yielding pressure from said tension rod to said gripper arm, and a cam engaging with said cam arm.

19. A machine 'for locking the ends of metal hoops comprising means for producing rivets on the overlapping ends of a hoop for connecting the same, means for holding said ends in position during the operation of forming said rivets, and means for operating said holding means which are yielding in the operating direction and which comprises a gripper rock arm which carries said holding means,.a 'cam rock arm to which said gripper arm is pivoted, a tension rod connected with said cam arm, a

spring opera-tin to transmit a yielding pressure from said tension rod to said griper arm a sto screw mounted on said gripper arm and adapted to engage said cam arm, and a cam engaging Withhaid cam arm.

20. A machine for lockinfgthe ends-of metal hoops comprising means for producing rivets on the overlapping ends of a hoop for connecting the same, andmeans for holding said ends inposition during the operation of'forming said rivets comprising a fixed support adapted to be engaged by one side of the hoop and. two clamping jaws the hoop and to engage the latter on opposite sides of the rivet producing means, .one of said jaws having a comparatively, smooth face adapted tdeng'age one end of'the hoop adjacent t the opposite end thereof and the other clam in jaw having a. comparatively rough face a apted toengage the overlappin parts of the hoop ends.

'2 A machine for locking the ends or movable toward and from the other side of;

metal hoops comprising means for producing rivetson the overlappin ends of a hoo for connect a the same, *0] ,means fog i.

" ing rivets-on the overlapping ends-of a hoop for connecting the same, and means'for adjusting the size of the hoop preparatory to locking together the ends thereof comprising a plurality of mandrel sections adapted to engage with the inner side of the hoop and one movable with respect to. another, and means for actuating the movable mandrel .section comprising a lever operatively connected with. said movable mandrel section, a cam engaging said lever and adapted to move the same in the operatln direction,

and a spring for moving said ever in the opposite direction;

23. A machine for locking the ends of metal hoops comprising means for produc-' ing rivets on the overlappin ends of a hoo for connecting the same, an means for a justing the size of the hoop preparatory to locking together the ends thereof comprlsing a plurality of mandred sections adapted to engage with the inner'side of the hoop and one movable with respect to another, and

means for yieldingly moving said movable mandrel section radially re tively to the. other section.

24. A machine for locking the ends of metal hoops comprising means for producing rivets on the overlappin ends of a hoop for connecting the same, an means for adjusting the size of the hoop preparatory to locking together the ends thereof comprising a plurality of mandrel sections adapted to engage .wlth the inner side of the hoop and one movable with respect to another, and means for yieldingl movin said movable mandrel section ra ially re atively to the other section comprising a rock arm having an inner section which is pivotally mounted. .on a support and an outer sectlon which is pivoted on said inner section and operativelyconnected with said movable mandrel section, a tenslon rod connected with sald 1nner arm sectlon and a spring mounted on said rod and operatlng to draw said inner and outer arm sections together.

. 25. A machine for locking the ends .of metal hoops comprising two punches dapted to produce two tubular rivets integrally on their overlapping ends, abutment dies arran ed adjacent to said punches, forming dies w ich receive said rivets and .punches, clenching dies adapted to engage the front ends of said rivets and upset the same, and a pair of cooperating cutters adapted to form interlocking hooks on said hoop ends between the rivets thereof, one

cutter bein arranged between said punches and the ot er between said clenching dies, and means for causing said punches and formerdies to cooperate at one time and said clenching dies and theadjacent cutter to cooperate at another time, respectively, with said abutment'dies and the other cutter.

26. A machine for locking the ends of said clutch operative, and automatic means for preventing said manual means from being held permanently in its operative poclutch, a hand operated shifting rod engagmetal hoopscomprising 'means for producsition, said manual trip means comprising a vrock lever operatively connected with said ing with said lever, a springfor holding sald shifting ro'd yieldingly in operative relation to said rock lever, and a' knock-oflf tappet arranged on the movable part of said rivet formingmeans and ada ted to move said shifting rod out of operation relatively to said lever between the initial art and the end of each cycle of operations of the machine.

EDWIN F. BEUGLEB.

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