US1283715A - Electric welding. - Google Patents

Description

C. H. FLORANDIN 82 A. M. BENNETT.

ELECTRIC WELDING. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 10, 1912.

1,283,71 5. Pateiliod Nov. 5, 1918.

-CHABLESH. FLORANDIN AND ASSIGNOBS TO C. dc C. ELECTRIC NEW JERSEY, A COBPOIBATION ALAN M. BENNETT, OF

WESTFIELD, NEW JERSEY,

AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF GARWOOD, OF NEW JERSEY.

ELECTRIC WELDING.

To all whom it may concern.

' .Be it known that we, UHARLEs H. FLORAN- electrodes, the are being struck by DIN and ALAN M. BENNETT, citizens of the United States, both residing at Westfield, county of Union, and State of New Jersey, have inventednew and useful Improvements in Electric Welding, of which the following is a specification.

his invention relates to welding, brazing, repairing or the like treatment of metal by the-electr1c arc.

Usually the work constitutes one of the v touching the manually operated electrode against it. When the electrodes are separated the arc is drawn between them.

It is desirable that the impressed volta e be regulated in accordance with the conditions of. the arc and it is one object of the present invention to provide improved means for regulating the voltage in accordance with the current and voltage conditions of the arc. A high initial impressed voltage is de sirable. It makes more certain striking of the are even if the initial contact is prevented by dirt, rust or other causes, from being the best, and also makes the incipient are more tenacious as well as having other advantages. Itis a further object of the invention, therefore, to provide improved means whereby thedesired initial voltage may be obtained in an electric circuit of the character indicated and subsequently changed to normal working value.

Other and ancillary objects of the invention will appear hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate the invention,

Figure 1 is a diagram of apparatus and connections of an arc welding system em- .bodying the invention,

and

Fig. 2 is a similar diagram of a modification.

Referring to the drawings and first to Fig. 1, the system comprises a constant potential direct current generator. having an armature 1, a shunt field 2 and a'series field 3, the series field being adapted to compound the voltage. The series field has one end connected with one terminal of the armature while the other end is connected through the resistance 4 and the coil of a load relay 5 with one of the terminals of the are formed Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 5, 1918.

Application filed January 10, 1917. Serial No. 141,523.

' 10 by the contacts of the contactor 11. One

terminal of the coil of this contactor is connected through the contacts of the relay 5 with one are electrode and the other terminalof the contactor 11 is connected with the other electrode so that when the relay 5 is operated the coil of the contactor 11 is connected across the arc.

The resistance 4 is chosen of such a value as to limit the initial current flow to the desired amount. The conductor 10 has a movable connection with the resistance 4 so that a greater or less amount maybe included Within or excluded from the shunt. The result is that at starting (the shunt being then open) the Whole of the resistance 4 is in circuit and properly limits the current on striking the arc while the amount of the resistance, for steadying purposes, included in the normal working circuit (with the shunt closed) may be varied without interfering with the above condition.

he apparatus in the diagram is shown in its normal inoperative position, the electrodes being separated and with no are between them; also the relay, and contactor are deenergized and their contacts open. The generator armature under the inductive action of the shunt field is generating a suitable electromotive force. If now the movable electrode 7 be struck against the work, the circuit will be completed through the overload circuit breaker 8, the electrodes, the coil of the load relay 5, the resistance 4 and the series field 3. Current will instantly flow and in s0 doing will energize the series field 3, which will add its induction .to that of the shunt field and increase the impressed voltage. This high initial voltage will aid in' establishing the arc. The current will also energize the relay 5 closing its'contacts and thereby closing the circuit for the coil of the contactor 11 between the electrades. The operator draws .the are by movin the electrode 7 away from the work and wlmen the fall of potential across the arc-has become suflieient, the energization of the coil of the contactoi' 11 will close the contacts of that contactor thereby closing the shunt about the series field and that art of the resistance 4 between the series field and the conductor 10. This cutting out of action of the series field winding will reduce the ma etic field of the generator and correspon ingly reduce the voltage at the enerator terminals, the resistance in circult being also reduced to the desired steadying value for normal working. The generator voltage will then be that due to the shuntfield and of a suitable value for the normal working of the system. It will be seen that by this arrangement the normal working voltage of the generator is initially increased to a higher value so as to aid in establishing the incipient are and in response to t e are current is cut out of action when the voltage across the arc is suitable, so that the impressed voltage is reduced to that required for normal workin Upon the flow of excessive current beyon the predetermined value by reason of the operator accidentally striking his electrode against the work or by bringing it unduly near thereto so that the arc is shortened and its resistance decreased, or for other reasons, the overload relay 8 will operate to break the circuit. 4

Referring to Fig. 2, the generator comrises an armature 12 and a shunt field 13. In series with the shunt field 13 across the armature terminals, is a resistance 14 and also a variable rheostat or resistance 15. A shuntis adapted to be closedabout the resistance 14 through the conductors 16 and 17 by the contacts of the relay 18. The coil of that relay is connected across the arc elec- 40 trodes, one terminal being joined through the conductor 19-with the manually operable electrode 20 and the other terminal through the conductor 21 with the work 22. The working circuit is from one terminal of the enerator through the conductor 23, the over oad relay 24, the electrode 20, the are when drawn, the work 22, and the variable steadying resistance 25 to the other generator terminal. The rheostat 15 is so adjusted that with the resistance 14 shunted the desired initial voltage will be produced. The resistance 14 is of such value that when it is inserted in the circuit the generator voltage will be cut down to the desired normal working amount. With the parts in the positions as shown in the drawing, the electrodes bein separated with no are between them, am the generator field shunted, if the movable electrode is struck against the work and the are drawn the potential across the are will increase as the arc lengthens and at acertain value will energize the relay 18 sufficiently to lift its contacts and open the shunt about the field resistance. 66 This operates to insert the resistance in the field circuit with a corresponding decrease (in the generator voltage to normal value. Should the arc become extinguished or so reduced that the voltage across it becomes less than that required to hold the contacts of the rela 18 closed they will .dro together, cutting the resistance 14 out o circuit and placmg the apparatus in condition for producingv the high initial voltage for strikm the are and which is subsequently lowere to the normal working value .by the drawing of the are as described.

While the invention has been illustrated in what are considered its best applications, itmay have other embodiments without departing from its spirit and is not therefore limited to the structures shown in the drawings.

What we claim is:

1; In an are system for welding, repairing and otherwise treating metals, the combination with a generator for impressing voltage on the circuit, electrodes, conductors connecting said electrodes and said generator in circuit and means controlled by the workin current and are voltage for varying the vo ltage of said generator.

2. In an are system for welding, repairing and otherwise treating metals, the combination with a generator for impressing voltage on the circuit, electrodes, conductors connecting said electrodes and said generator in circuit and means controlled by the arc voltage for varying the voltage of said generator.

3. In an are system for Welding, repairing and otherwise treating metals, the combination with a generator having series field winding, of electrodes, conductors for connecting said generator and electrodes in circuit and means for shunting said series field winding.

4. In an are system for welding, repairing and otherwise treating metals, the combination with a generator having a series field, 110 of electrodes, conductors for connecting said generator and electrodes in circuit and means controlled by the workin current for changing the number of the e ective turns of the, series field winding for a given work- 115 ing current.

5. In an are system for welding, repairing and otherwise treating metals, the combination with a generator, having a series field, of electrodes, conductors for eonnect- 120 ing said generator and electrodes in circuit and means controlled by the working current for shunting the series'field.

6. In an are system for welding, repairing and otherwise treating metals, the com- 126 bination with a generator havin series winding, of electrodes, conductors %or connecting said generator and electrodes in circuitand means controlled by the arc voltage for changing the number of effective 130 turns: of said series .winding for a given wor g current.

7. an are system for welding, repairing and otherwise treating metals, the combination with a generator having a series field, of electrodes, conductors for connecting said generator and electrodes in circuit and means controlled by the arcvoltage for shunting the, series field.

8. In an are system for welding, repairing and otherwise treating metals, the combi nation with a generator having shunt and series field windings, of electrodes, conductors for connecting the said generator and electrodes in circuit, shunt connections for said series field, a relay controlling the shunt about the series field having its coil adapted to be connected across the arc and a relay controlling the circuit of said coil and having its coil in the work circuit.

9. In an are system for welding, repairing and otherwise treating metals, the combination with a generator for impressing voltage on the circuit, electrodes, conductors connecting said electrodes and saidgenerator in circuit and means controlled by the working current and are Volta e for varying the voltage of said generator, the generator voltage being reduced on rise of working current and are voltage.

10. In an are system for welding, ing and otherwisetreating metals, bination with a generator for impressing voltage on the circuit, electrodes, conductors for connecting said electrodes and said generator in circuit and means controlled by repairthe comthe working current for varying the voltage of said generator, the generator voltage being reduced on'rise of working current;

ing and otherwise treating metals,

8 I l 11, In an are system for welding, mg and otherwise treating metals, the combination with a generator for impressing voltage on the circuit electrodes, conductors or connectingsaid e ectrodes and said generator in circuit and means controlled by the arc voltage for varying the voltage of said generator, the reduced on rise of arc voltage. 12. I

11 an are system for welding, repairthe combination with a generator having series field winding, of electrodes, conductors for connecting said generator and electrodes in circuit and means controlled by the Working current and are voltage for shunting said series field winding.

\ In an are system for welding, repairing and otherwise treating metals, the combination with a generator of electrodes, conductors for connecting the said generator and electrodes in circuit, a relay controlling the voltage of said generator, a circuit therefor, and a relay in the work circuit controlling the circuit of the aforesaid relay.

14. In an are system for welding, repairing and otherwise treating metals, the combination with a ductors for connecting the said generator and electrodes in circuit, a. relay controlling the voltage of said generator, a circuit therefor, and a relay in the work ling the circuit of the aforesaid relay, the

repair- I generator of electrodes, coni circuit controlgenerator voltage being first mentioned relay being connected in shunt to the are between said electrodes.

In testimony whereof we have signedthis specification this 27th day of October, 1916.

C. H. FLORANDIN. ALAN M. BENNETT.

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