US1261751A - Type-writing machine. - Google Patents

Description

N. H. ANDERSON.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAY 27, I912.

Patented Apr. 9, 1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET l- TTORIVEVS N. H. ANDERSON- TYPE wnmws MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAYZTl 1912. l 61 711.0 Patented Apr. 9,1918

4 SHEETS-SHEET Z.

1 will/111111111v I lwmrole N. H.-ANDERSON.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION ruin my 21. m2.

Patented Apr. 9, 1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET a.

WITNESSES N. H. ANDERSON.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILIED mAv21,|9|2.-

.mamma Patented Apr. 9,1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4- s'ra PATE @FQE H. ANDERSON, 10F MIDDLETOWN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE NOISELESS TYPEWJRITER COMPANY, OF MIDDLETOWN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, NILs H. ANDERSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Middletown, in the county of Middlesex and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Type-Writing Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to typewriting machines, and with regard to certain more dominant features thereof, to type actions therefor.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a type action which will be sim- 1e and practical inconstruction, and durale and eflicient in action. Another object is to provide a type action of the above character which will be peculiarly applicable to silently operating machines. Another object is to provide practical means for so mounting the parts as to enhance their case of movement and reduce wear. Other objects will be in part obvious and in part' pointed out hereinafter.

The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combinations of elements and arrangement of parts which will. be exemplified in the construction hereinaftenset forth, and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the following claims.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein is shown one of various possible embodiments of this invention, v

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a complete type action in normal position, and such other parts of the machine as are necessary to show an application of the present in- Figs. 6 and 7 are enlarged views taken at right angles to each other of certain details.

Similar reference characters refer tosimilar parts throughout the different views of the drawings.

Referring now in detail to the accompanying drawings and more particularly to Fig.

Specification of Letters Patent.

1, which shows such parts of a complete typewritmg machine as are necessary to obtam a clear understanding of the present in- The key levers are pivoted at their rear ends upon a fulcrum bar 6 and held upward there'- against by return springs 7 adjustably mounted in a suitable support'8 in the frame of the machine. The type carrier is actuated from the key-lever 7 through the instrumentality of devices hereinafter more specifically described, although it may here be stated that intermediate each type carrier and its key lever is a system of linkage, adapted to move the type carrier to perform its functions by pressure in contradistinction to impact, thereby to effect the printing operation in a silent and noiseless manner.

The type carriers 4 are radially disposed with relation to the printing point, as shown more clearly in Fig. 4, and are mounted to slide back and forth between upper and lower guide plates 9 and 10, respectively. The lower guide plate 10 is provided, at its rearward part, with a plurality of concentrically disposed grooves 11 to collect any particles which may fall thereon whenmaking erasures, and prevent the same from interfering with the free back and forth movement of the type carriers. These grooves also lessen the area of contact between the adjacent surfaces and thereby render the movement of the type carrier easier.

Patented Apr. 9,1918.

. Application filed May 27, 1912. Serial-No. 659,867.

' vention, there is indicated at l a cylindrical ill : the type carrier in its movement toward the stamped from sheet metal, are pivoted at 1 1 to the opposite sides of eaclrtype carrier. The opposite ends of these links arepivotally connected at with a second pair or links 16, which in. turn are pivotally connected at their opposite ends 17 to the opposite sides of a relatively fixed block 18' mounted'on the frame of the machine. The links 13 andltl together constitute a toggle which positively limits the throw of printing lane, or platen.

The lin lrs 16 are provided, near their cen tral part, with offset lugs 19', between the ends 20 of which is pivotaily connected. a single link The opposite end .of this link is in turn pivotally connected, at 22, hetwecir. the longer arms 23 of a pair of ele- 'jments such as bellcrank levers which are exception of link 21 arranged in pairs, as

shown more clearly in Fig. 5. This arrangement not only increases the strength of the mechanism to withstand the'powerlul pres sure exerted on thepaper, but also provides a more even movement free from binding at their points of pivotal connection. To avoid confusion, these pairs of links will be considered asheing single elements. It is thus seen that on depressing the key levers the poll wire 28 and the link 27 connected. therewith will cause the bell ,c'rank lever to swing about. its pivot 2 1 toward the position shown in Fig. 2. The movement of the hell crank lever will, through, the connect ing link 21, tend to straighten the toggle lorinedby thelinks 16 and 13, thereby moving the type carrier toward'the printing position.

As thelimited movement of the type can rier 43 on printing actuation of the key-lever is positively controlled by the straightening of the toggle formed by the links 13 and 16, thev strength of impression may be accu ratelyadjusted by moving the point 17, atwhich the link 16 is pivoted, toward and from the printing point, or plane. This maybe conveniently done by mounting the block-.18 in a radially disposed groove 29 (see Fig. 4) on the front wall of the machine. The forward part'io't the block is provided with a notch 30 engaged bya col' lar 31 on a threaded adjusting screw 321cm gaging a threaded openingln the frame.

lit will thus be seen that as the screw 32 is rotated, the block 18 will he moved. back or forth relatively to the printing point. In orderto hold the block 18in adjusted position, a set-screw 33 engages a tapped out hole between each adjacent pair of type actions, and is provided with a relatively large washer 34 adapted to engage the upper surface of the blocks 18, as clearly shown in Fig. 1.

As noiseless or silently operating xnachines perform the printing operation by pressure in contradistinction to impact, the time actually used: in making the impression may be longerthan that requiredin impact machines. In order to avoid. tendency to blur during the actual printing Operation and for other reasons, it is desir-' able to provide, in the type action, prefer- I ably in the intermediate mechanism. be tween the type carrier and the key lever, means which .will accelerate the actual printing operation and withdraw the type from the surface of the paper, or printing plane before the escapement has time, to permit movementot the carriage.

order to accomplish this result an gain other advantages there is provided weighted member 35, the same being 'prelc erably comprised in or mounted on a link 21, and slightly ofiset with relation. to the knuckle of the toggle formed by link 21 and arm 23. The weighted member 35 is also slightly offset relatwe to the longitudinal axis of the link 21. This weight, under the normal operation of the device, as bv printing actuation of the key lever, will acquire a certain momentum, which momentum will operate to carry the weight rearwardly, or toward the printing plane, after keylever 5 has been arrested in its downward or printing actuation movement by a'stop 3d,

the latter being positioned to arrest the printing actuation of the key-lever prior to printing impression. Thus after the downward movement of the key-lever is arrested by the stop 36 the momentuni'of the weight is expended to force the type carrier toward the printing plane from a point adjacent said plane, and thus also the toggle formed "by the links 13 and 16 will be straightened.

Hence it will be seen that "the momentum of According to a well known principle of mechanics, as'the links of the toggle assume ment of the ends of the links decreases in speed and the pressure exerted thereby is multiplied; consequently the type carrier ne carrier toward the printingplane .a straightened position, the relative-moverested, afterwhich its momentum carries it into the posltion shown in Fig. 3, in which position the printing is concluded. Thus the momentum of the weight 35 is converted into straight line pressure ofthe type by the intermediate mechanism. When in final position. the link 21 and arms 23 of ,the bell crank lever are also in a straight line, and in themselves form a second toggle which not only increases the pressure exerted by the type carrier, but also limits the movements of the movable parts.

In order to assist in urging the type carrier away from the printing plane and to completely restore the parts to normal position, there is provided between the pivot point 26 and the upper part of the adjusting block 18 a spiral spring 37 which exerts an upward pull upon theshort arm of the bell crank lever. The restoring movement, however, is not entirely confined to the spring 37, for the parts forming the bell crank lever being made of resilient sheet metal possess more or less flexibility. Thus, as the momentum accumulator moves rearward into the position shown in Fig. 3, where it is arrested, there will be a certain rebound, materially aided by a felt stop in member 51, hereinafte1 described,to carry the toggles out of their straightened position and .thus withdraw the type from the surface of the paper. In other words, the key lever may be held down and the type will perform their function and move a sutiicient distance away from the platen to eliminate a blurring or second impression, due to a second and opposite rebound, and to permit other type to be moved toward the printing point without affecting the subsequent. operation of the machine.

At this point it may be noted that the weight35 has a certain turning movement about the pivot point 22 asthe key lever is depressed. The forcethus exerted 1s very slight at first, but as the action approaches the positions shown in Figs. 2 and there is a very decided tendency for the weight to turn about the pivot 22. thereby assisting in the straightening of the toggles, This force may be increased by lengthening the dis tance from the center of the .weight to the point 22. After the bell rank lever has been brought to rest, there is a reverse force brought into. play to break the toggles due in part to the reversal of this condition. There is thus produced in this type of action a real live force due in part to the momentum of the weight '35 which is very different in "lever after the latter reaches its limit of downward-Jmovement. This is accomplished by permitting relative motion between power transmitting portions of said actuating mechanism, and in the present embodiment by providing a pair of bent-in ears or power transmitting portions 38 on the ends of the two parts C011$tltlltil1g the bell crank lever, which ears respectively engage a certain, or power transmitting portion, of the two parts forming the curved link 27, thereby providing a loose connection, or lost motion device, in said actuating mechanism, the power transmitting portions or ears 38 being movable into and out of engagement with the power transmitting portions of the link 27. The spring 37 assists in moving said portions into engagement. Thus, as the bell crank lever is actuated on depression of the key lever-and is subsequently acted upon by the momentum accumulator, the ears 38 will then move out of engagement with the under side of the link 27. In this manner the key lever may be held down to its limit of movement and the type carrier will complete its path of travel to effect the printing free fromthe direct impulse of the key-lever and.

fere with the rapid repetition of any single character or require a complete return of the key lever to normal position under such conditions of operation.

In 'order that the .universalbar mechanism which controls the escapement n1echa= nism, not herein shown, will be unaffected in its cycle of operation by the length of time during which the key lever may be inadvertently held in downward position, it is desirable to place the universal bar, indirated at39, in operative relation to the intermediate mechanism between the key lever and the type action. This universal bar. which is in the form of an arc concentric to the type carriers, extends from one side of the machine to the other and in the path of travel of the cars 38 on the bell crank lever and 'at a suflicient distance therebelow to be actuated only during the movement of the bell crank lever from the position shown in Fig. 2 to that shown in Fig. 3, or while the till tilt

and i8, respectively. These stops momentum accumulator is acting independently or the operation of the key lever, and the powertransmitting portions of the l1nk 2'3 and the 38 are moving from each other.

I ihis universal bar 39 is supported upon two upright members 4.0 at opposite sides of the center of the machine, only one of which is herein shown, due to the sectional view. These 1 :mbersfill are pivotally. connected with horizontally disposed links it and pivoted at &3 and a l, respectively, on dependirig brackets 45. This parallelogram construction provides a vertical movement for the members 4-0 and consequently an equal vertical movement of all of the portions of the universal bar 39 mounted the on. it the links 41-}. alone were used they would have a simple pivotal movement about their point of support, so that the forward end of the universal har would travel I through agreater are than the rear end.

Secured to the front part of the universal her is a forwardly projecting member all adapted to engage upper and lower stops l? are adjustably mounted on a depending bracket 49 secured, by means of a screw 50, to the front wall of the i'rame oi" the machine to limit the up and down movement of the car.

Coucentrically disposed with relation to the universal bar is mounted a stop member 51 provided with a felt cushion. This stop is supported from the frame of the machine in any desired manner, and is adapted to take up the shock exerted by the momentum accumulator in its rearward movement. stop'also prevents overthrow of the toggles and allows for the resiliency of the hell crank lever to return the parts to normal position with the aid of the spring 3'2. It will be seen from Fig. 6 that as the hell crank lever swings rearward, the ears 88 willcoact with the universal her and actuate the same before heinghrought to rest by the fixed stop, In this manner a much lighter and more delicatel acting universal bar mechanism may he employed than would otherwise he requii to withstand the strains exerted by the type action.

Members and 53 are parts or and connectcd with the line lock mechanism and escapement mechanism, respectively. .These mechanisms form nopart of the present in vention, except in so far as they may enter into certain combinations, and therefore it is believed to be unnecessary to show the same or go into a detailed description of their operation. It is suflicient to state that the member 52 has an oscillating movement with.

each actuation of the universal bar and may coact with a stop to'prevent this oscillation,

, when the. stop is moved into the path of oscillation as the carriage reaches a prede- The intermediate mechanism ot' tially as follows:When the key lever 5 is depressed, the pull wire 28 will have a downward movement which in turn will cause the curved link 27 to move in the same direction. Due to the formation of the cadet" the. hell crank lever as shown more clearly in Figs. 6

and 7, this downward movement will cause the bell crank to swing about its pivot point 24:, thereby tensioning the spring 37 and causing the upper part of the bell crank lever to swing rearward toward the platen. This rearward movement at first exerts a straight horizontal thrust on the link 21 which isconnected at its opposite end with the lug 19 on the link 16 of the toggle. he tween the adjusting block 18 and the type carrier. As the downward movement of the key lever continues, the mechanism assumes the position shown in 2, the lint: 2i. instead of being thrust rearward is then being thrust downward, thereby to-straighten the toggle formed by the links 13 and 15,- at the same time straightening the toggle formed by the'links 2i and While these toggles are being straightened it is, of course, to he understood that the weight 35, carried by the link 21 and off-set with relation to the longitudinal axis thereof, is being swung upward and rearward, having a compound movement about the pivot point 2st and also the fifiutlilg pivot point 20.

The momentum acquired by the movement of the weight in this manner constantly increases, for it will he noted that the eiiective radius, that is, the distance between. the

applied to the key lever in operation and subsequentl delivers the energy to the type carrier to perform its printing function after the movement of the key lever has been arrested by the stop 36.

Thus

lldti gas Not only is the momentum in reased due to the increase of the efi'ective adios of the momentum accumulator, but it is also multiplied'by the toggle arrangement of linkage. While the degree of impression is regulated to a certain extent according to the length of throw of the type carrier by the adjustment of the block 18, the striking of a key lever with a greater force, as when making a plurality of carbon -copies, will be multiplied to some extent in an action of this kind, for the momentum of the momentum accumu'lator will increase "according to the speed or force with which thekey is struck.

3'0 ment of the type action that the universal of contact with the stop 51 independently ated thereby, a platen, means to positively limit the extent of the printing stroke of- As the momentum accumulator is free to key lever has been arrested in its downward movement, due to the loose connection between the bell crank lever and the link 27, it will swing rearward to the position shown in Fig. 3, thus straightening both sets of toggles and efi'ecting the printing in a rapid and noiseless manner and with great pressure.

Its rearward movement will be stopped by two means, the coaction of the type with the platen and the coaction of the bent-in ears 38 with the stop member 51' mounted on the frame of the machine.

Immediately after being arrested, the resiliency of the arms 23 and the stop bar cushion will cause a slight rebound suflicientto break the toggles-and thus carry the type out of contact with the paper. If the key lever is released immediately after being struck, as occurs in the normal operation of the machine, the spring 37 will return the parts to normal position.

A pad 54 mounted on the front-wall of the machine will cushion the return movement of the momentum accumulator 35, thus noiselessly arresting the movement of the movable parts. I

It is during the last'part of the moveher is actuated, that is, when the parts are moving from the position shown in- Fig. 2 to that shown in Fig. 3. By reference to Fig-6, it will be noted that the bent-in ears 38 contact with the universal bar 39 and press the samedownward until arrestedby thestop 51. As the ears 38 are raisedout of the release of the key lever the universal bar is permitted to return to normalposi tion, thus completing its cycle of operation whereby the 'escapement mechanism connected therewith through the link 53 may really be said to operate to space the scar riage during the depression of the key lever, that is, while the key-lever is at the limit of its printing stroke, for it is quite clear that even if one key lever is held down, otherkey levers may be operated indefi nitely.

Thus the means for actuating the escape ment is operable independently of the return movement of the key-lever.

It is thus "seen that this invention provides a simple and practical type action adapted to effect the printing operation in a rapid and noiseless manner, and accomplishes, among others, all of the objects and advantages above set forth.

As many changes could be made in the above construction and many apparently widely different embodiments of this invention could-be made without departing from the scope thereof, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

It is also to be understood that the language used in the following claims. is in-' tended to cover all of the generic and specific features of the invention herein de-' scribed and all statements of the scope of the invention, which, as a matter of langua e, might be said to fall therebetween.

' H aving described my invention,'what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a platen, a type carrier to coact therewith, a key-lever for actuating the type carrier, and mechanism between the keylever and the type carrier,-including a momentum device acting through a pressure multiplying device positively limiting the range of movement of said type carrier.

2. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a platen, a reciprocating type carrier to coact therewith, a key-lever for actuating the type carrier, and meohanism between the key-lever and the type carrier, including a pivotally mounted momentum accumulator the momentum of which is converted into straight line pressure on the type carrier.

- 3. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a key-lever, a type carrier to be actu ated thereby, means connected to a stationary point *and to said carrier to positively limit the extent of the printing stroke of said carrier, and a weight operatively connected to said carrier.

4:. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a key-lever, a type carrier to be actusaidcarrier independently of said platen, and a weightoperatively connected to said carrier. K

5.-In a typewriting machine, in combination, a platen, a type carrier coacting therewith, a key-lever for actuating said type carrier, and intermediate mechanism adapted to limit the movement of said type carrier independently of said platen so positioned and arranged as to move said type carrier by pressure exerted by said mechanism through the major part of its path of travel and through the remaining part by the momentum acquired by the mover nt of said mechanism.

6. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a platen, a type carrier having a predetermined throw independently of the platen, a key-lever therefor having a limited path of travel, and means actuated by the key-lever to move the carrier to the limit of throw after the movement of the key-lever has been arrested.

7 In a typewriting machine, in combination, a platen, a type carrier having a predetermined throw independently of the platen, a keydever therefor, and interme" diate mechanism to take up the energy expended on the key lever'when operated and deliver it to the type carrier after the movemerit off' the hey lever has heeh arrested to move the carrier to limit of throw.

8. in a typewritingg machine, in combineing a limited path of travel, a toggle interposed between said parts adapted to be partially straightened tomove the carrier toward its'printing position by the action of said lever, and a loose connection between said toggle and the key-lever, whereby the toggle may continue its-movement independently oi the movement of the key-lever.

10. Ilnatypewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier, a key-lever therefor, toggle mechanism interposed therebetween adapted to limit the movement of the type carriers toward the platen, a loose connec tion between the toggle and one of the parts,

whereby the toggle may move to. and from its straightened position independently oi": the movement oi the part to which i loosely connected.

'11. in a typewriting machine, in cornhinatioin'a type carrier, a key-iever for actuating; said type carrier, mechanism thereloetween including a weight adapted to move upwardly and then downwardly when the key-lever is actuated to cause said type can rier to engage the paper,

12, In a typewriting' machine, in comloi ha of tra el, a key-lever therefor, intervening mechanism adapted to limit the path of travel of the type carrier, means for arresting the movement of said key lever before the type carrier reaches the endof its path oi? travel, and a momentum accumulator associated with the intermediate mechanism for causing said type carrier to engage the paper, one of the parts of the intermediate mechanism being of resilient material to can; the momentum accumulator to rebound to carry the type from the paper.

13,111 a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier, a keydever therefor having a limited patli of travel, toggle m'eclr anisin interposed between said parts for transmitting motion from one to the other. a momentum accumulator associated with said toggle mechanism adapted to move the type ion, a type carrier having a limited pathcarrier through the last part of its path-oh Ward movement, a toggle, one end of which is connected withsaid type carrier, almof mentum accumulator associated with said toggle adapted to straighten the toggle after the key levei' has been arrested, and resilient prior to thereturn movement means associated with said togglelfor With drawing the type carrier away from the printing plane before the return movement of the key-lever.

15. In a typewriting machine, in COII'ilJlllfifi tion, a type carrier having a limited path of travel to a normal printing plane, a keylever having a limited path or travel for ac tuating said type carrier, intermediate mechanism comprising a plurality oftoggles for giving a predetermined rate oftravel to said type carrier, and means for straightening said toggles to effect the printing after the key-lever has been arrested in its downward movement,

16. in a typewriting machine, in coinhination, a type carrier having limited path of travel to a normal-printing plane, a l eyiever having a limited path. of travel for,

actuating said type carrier, intermediate mechanism comprising a plurality. of to glee for giving" 'afpredetermined rate of travel to said type carrier, means io'r straightening said toggles to eft'ect the pr1nting after the key-lever has been arrestedin its downward movement, and swing-means for returningthe parts to normal position. 1?. .lln a typewriting machine, in cornhh nation, a; type carrier having a limited path of travel to a normal printing plane, a he} lever having a limited path of travei'tor.

actuating said type carrier; intermediate mechanism comprising a plurality of} tog,v

pics for transmitting motion from one to the other, means forstraightening said tog gles to efiect the printing after the lrey-ltwer has been arrested in its downward move ment, and a plurality of separately acting means for returning the parts to normal po} sition.

18. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier having: a. limited path of travel to a normal, printing pl'ane,"a hey lever having a limited path'of travel for vactuating said type carrier, intermediate.-

connecting mechanism comprising a plurale ity of toggles, means for straightening said" toggles to efi'ect the printing'a'i'ter the'keylever has been arrested in its downward movement, spring means for returning the parts to normal position, and a loose connection between the toggles and the key-lever, where-- by they move independently of said key lever.

19. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier, a key-lever having a limited path of travel for actuating said type carrier, intermediate connecting mechanism comprising a plurality of toggles,

means for straightening one of said toggles I to efiect the printing after the key-lever has been arrested in its downward movement, spring means for returning the parts to normal position, and a universal bar adapted to be actuated by one of said parts.

20. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier, a key-lever for actuating said type carrier, a stop for arresting its downward movement, a return spring for said key-lever, toggle mechanism interposed between the key-lever and the type carrier for transmitting motion from one to the other, and a loose connection between said toggle mechanism and one of said first mentioned parts, whereby the toggle may be moved to and from straightened position independently of the movement of the keylever.

21. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier, 21 key-lever for actuating said type carrier, a stop for arresting its downward movement, a return spring for said key-lever, a toggle interposed between the key-lever and the type carrier for transmitting motion from one to the other, a

loose connection between said toggle mechamsm and said key-lever, whereby the toggle may be moved to and from straightened position independently of the movement of the key-lever, and a momentum accumulator associated with the toggle for moving the toggle to straightened position independently of the movement of the key-lever.

22. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier having a limited path of travel to a normal printing plane, a keylever for actuating said type carrier, means for arresting its downward movement, a return spring for said key-lever, toggle mechamsm interposed between the key-lever and the type carrier for transmitting motion from one to the other, a loose connection be tween said toggle mechanism and one of said first mentioned parts, whereby the toggle may be moved to and from straightened position independently of the mot'ement of the key-lever, a momentum accumulator associated with the toggle of said mechanism for moving the toggle to straightened position independently of the movement of the keylever, and resilient means for withdrawing the type carrier from its printing position independently of the return movement of the key-lever.

v23. In a typewriting machine, in combination,a type carrier, a key-lever for actuating said type carrier, a stop for arresting its downward movement, a return spring for said key-lever, toggle mechanism interposed between the key-lever and the type carrier for transmitting motion from one to the other, a loose connection between said toggle mechanism and said key-lever, whereby the toggle may .be moved to and from straightened position independently of the movement of the key-lever, a momentum accumulator associated with the toggle of said mechanism for moving the toggle to straightened position independently of the movement of the key-lever, and a universal bar adapted to be actuated by said toggle mechanism.

2%. In a typewriting machine, in eombi nation, a type carrier having a limited path of travel to a normal printing plane, a key lever for actuating said type carrier, and mechanism interposed between said parts for transmitting motion from one to the other including a plurality of toggles, one of which is secured to the type carrier at one end and to a relatively fixed part of the machine at the other end, the other toggle being directly connected with one of said links of the first mentioned toggle and adapted to straighten the same as it assumes straightened position itself. a

25. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier, a key-lever for actuating said type carrier, a stop for arresting the downward movement of the key-lever, mechanism interposed between said key lever and carrier for transmitting motion from one to the other including a plurality of toggles, one of which is secured to the type carrier at the one end and to a relativel fixed part of the machine at the other en the other toggle being connected with one of said-links of the first mentioned toggle and adapted to straighten the same as it assumes straightened position ltself after the key-lever has been arrested. I

26. In a typewriting machine, in combinatlon, a type carrier, a key-lever for actuating s id type carrier, a stop for arresting the downward movement of the key-lever, mechanism interposed between said key lever and sameas it assumes straightlever has been arrested, a universal ba'r adapted tobe actuated by one of the parts of one of said'toggles, anda loose connection in said mechanism permitting said toggle to straighten and actuate the universal bar and return to flexed position independently of the movement of the key-lever.

34:. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier, a key lever for actuating said type carrier, means forarresting the downward movement of the key-lever, intermediate mechanism between the keylever and the type carrier for transmitting motion from one to the other, said mechanism including a bell-crank lever, one arm of which is loosely connected with the keylever, whereby they may move independently of each other, and a weight associated with the other part of said bell-crank lever adapted toaccomplish an independent movement thereof to force the type carrier to printing position independently of the movement of the ,key-lever. v

35. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier adapted to move to a normal printing plane, a key-lever for actuating said type carrier, means for arresting the downward movement of the keylever, intermediate mechanism between the key-lever and the type carrier for transmitting motion from one to the other, said mechanism including a bell-crank lever, one

varm of which is loosely connected with the key-lever, whereby they may move independently of each other, a weight associated ,with the other part of said bell-crank levferadapted to accomplish an independent movement thereof to force the type carrier to printing position independently of the movement of the key-lever, said last mentioned arm of said bell-crank lever being of resilient material, whereby the weight is permitted to rebound to Withdraw the type carrier from the normal printing plane.

36. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a plurality of straight-thrust type carriers radially disposed with respect to the printing point, and a plate along which said type carriersare adapted to move, one of said parts having recesses transversely of the path of said carrier for reducing the contacting area between the adjacent surfaces of said plate and carriers.

37 In a typewriting machine, in combination, a plurality of straight-thrust type' carriers radially disposed with respect to the printing'point, a plate along which said type carriers are adapted to move, and means associated with one of said parts for reducing the contactingarea between the adjacent surfaces of said plate and carriers, said means including a round member con-- centrically disposed with relation to the ends of the carriers along which the edges of the carriers are adapted to slide in their back and forth movement.

38. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a. plurality of straight-thrust type carriers radially disposed with respect to the printing point, a plate along which said type carriers are adapted to move, and means associated with one of said parts for reducing the contacting area between the adjacent surfaces of said plate and carriers,

said means including a round member concentrically disposed with relation to the ends of-the carriers along which the edges of the carriers are adapted to slide in their back and forth movement, said plate having a plurality of concentric grooves adapted-to catch dust and dirt collecting on said plate as well as to reduce the area of contact between the edges of the type carriers and the plate. r

39. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a plurality of straight-thrust type mountedpart of the machine, a second toggle, one end of which is connected with said first toggle and the other end with said adjustable part, one link of said second toggle being in the form of a bell-crank lever'and made of resilient material, connections between one armof the bell-crank lever and the key-lever, and a weight operatively associated with the other end of said bellcrank lever adapted to move the toggles to straightened position due to the momentum acquired on moving the key-lever, said resilient arm adapted to aid in returning the parts to normal position, thereby withdrawing the type carrier from its printing position independently of the movement of the key-lever.

41. In a nation, a plurality of radially disposed straight-thrust type carriers, a key-lever for each type carrier, independent mechanisms for transmittingmotion from each key-lever to its type-carrier, each including a toggle, one end of which is connected with a type carrier and the other end to an adjustably mounted part of the machine, a second togone end of which is connected with said le first toggle and the other end with said adtypewriting machine, in combijustable part, one link of said second toggle being in the form of a bell-crank lever and made of resilient material, connections between one arm of the bell crank lever and the key-lever, a weight operatively associated with the other end of said bell-crank lever adapted to move the toggles to straightened position due to the momentum acquired on moving the key-lever, said resilient arm adapted to aid in returning the parts to normal position, thereby withdrawing the type carrier from its printing position independently of the movement of the key-lever, and a connection between said bell-crank lever and the key-lever providing a lost motion device to permit the partial return movement of the type carriers. I

42. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a plurality of radially disposed straight-thrust type carriers, a key-lever for each type carrier, independent mechanisms for transmitting motion from each key-lever to its type-carrier, each including a toggle, one end of which is connected with a type carrier and the other end to an adjustably mounted part of the machine, a second toggle, one end of which is connected with sad first toggle and the other end with said adjustable part, one link of said second toggle being in the form of a bell-crank lever and made of resilient material, connections between one arm of the bell-crank lever and the key-lever, with the other end of said bell-crank lever adapted to move the toggles to straightened position due to the momentum acquired on moving the key-lever, said resilient arm adapted to aid in returning the weight to normal position, thereby withdrawing the type' carrier from its printing position independently of the movement of the keylever, a connection between said bell-crank lever and the key-lever providing a lost motion device to permit the partial return movement of the type carriers, and a universal bar adapted to be actuated by one of the arms of said bell-crank lever.

43. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a plurality of radially disposed straight-thrust type carriers, a key-lever for each type carrier, independent mechanisms for transmitting motion from each key-lever to its type-carrier, each including a toggle,

i one end of which is connected with a type carrier and the other end to an adjustably mounted part of the machine, a second toggle,'one end of which is connected with said first toggle and the other end with said adj ustable part, one link of said second toggle being in the form of a bell-crank lever and made of resilient material, connections between one arm of the bell-crank lever and the key-lever, means operatively associated with the other end of said bell-crank lever a weight operatively associated device to permit the partial return movement of the type carriers, and a universal bar adapted to be actuated by one of the parts of one of said toggles.

44. In a front strike 'typewriting machine,

in combination, a type carrier, a key lever; operative connecting means therebetween, a universal bar positioned in and near the end of the path of travel of a part associated with said means, a stop for arresting the actuating movement of said key lever prior to the printing movement of said type carrier, and means utilizing only the force expended on said key lever prior to arrest of the latter for efi'ecting printing by said type carrier thereafter and actuation of said universal bar, said universal bar being adapted for connection with an escapement mechanism.

45. In a front strike typewriting machine,

in combination, a plurality of radially disposed type carriers, key levers, operative connecting means therebetween, a universal bar positioned in and near the path of travel of a part associated with said means, a stop for arresting the actuating movement of said key levers prior to the printing movement, and, means utilizing only the force expended on said key levers prior to arrest of the-latter for effecting printing by said type carrier thereafter and actuation of said universal bar, said universal bar being adapted for connection with an escapement mechanism.

d6. In a front strike typewriting machine, in combination, a plurality of radially disposed rear moving type carriers, key levers, intermediate operative connection between said key levers and said type carriers, a U- shaped universal bar positioned in and near the path of travel of a part of said connections above said key levers, means-for arresting the actuating movement of said key levers prior to the printing movement, and means movable by said key levers prior to arrest of the latter for efiecting printing by said type carriers thereafter and actuation of said universal bar, said universal bar being adapted for connection with an escapement mechanism,

47. In a typewriting machine, in, c mbination, a plurality of radially disposed horizontally movable type carriers; a member movable with each of said carriers, a universal bar extending transversely across the machine and curved to have a uniform reelbination, a substantially rigid type carrier,"

a key-lever, and devices whereby on printing actuatlon of said key-lever, said type carrier is moved to the printing plane and thereafter assumes position away from the prlnting plane when the lever is at the limit of its printing stroke, said devices comprising means adapted to positively limit the throw of the carrier toward the printing plane.

49. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier, a key-lever, and devices whereby on printing actuation of .said key-lever, said type carrier is moved to the printing plane and thereafter assumes position away from the printing.

plane when the key-lever is at the limit of its printing stroke, said devices including a pair ofconnected toggles one of which is operatively connected to said carrier, said toggles being arranged to move toward straightened position on printing actuation of said key-lever.

50. In a typewriting machine, in com: bination, a type carrier, a key-lever, and devices whereby on printing actuation of said key-lever, said type carrier is moved to the printing plane and thereafter assumes position away from the printing plane when the key-lever is at the limit of its printing stroke, said devices comprising a pair of connected toggles one of which is-operatively connected to said carrier, and a spring connected to urge said carrier away from the printing plane.

51. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier,a key-lever, and devices whereby on printing actuation of said key-lever, said type carrier is moved to the printing plane and thereafter assumes position away from the printing plane when the key-lever is at thelimit of its printing stroke, said devices comprising a pair of connected toggles one of which is operatively connected to said. carrier, said toggles being arranged to move toward straightened position on printing actuation of said keylever, and a spring connected to operate said toggles so as to move said carrier in a direction away from the printing plane.

52. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier, a key-lever, and de-v vices whereby on printing actuation of said key-lever, said type carrier is moved to the printing plane and thereafter assumes position away from the printing plane when the key-lever is at th limit of its printing stroke, said devices including a pair of connected toggles one of which is operatively connected to said carrier and to the frame, and means adapted to adjust said point of connection to said frame relative to the printing plane.

53. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier, a key-lever, devices whereby on printing actuation of said keylever said type carrier is moved to the printing plane, comprising a toggle operatively connected to said carrier, an element operatively connected to said toggle, and an element operatively connected to said key-lever, said two elements comprising power transmitting portions adapted to move toward and from each other, and to move from each other on printing actuation of said key-lever.

54. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier, a key-lever, devices whereby on printingactuation of said keyleversaid type carrier is moved to the printing plane comprising a pair of toggles operatively connected to each other, one of which is operatively connected to said carrier, an element operatively connected to one of said toggles, and an element operatively connected to said key-lever, said two elements comprising. power transmitting portions adapted to move toward and from each other, and to move from each other on printing actuation of said key-lever.

55. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier, a key-lever, and devices whereby on printing actuation of said keyleversaid type carrier is movedto the printing plane, comprising means adapted to relieve the type carrier from the direct impulse of saidkey-lever prior to printing impression and force the type carrier to printing impressionwhile so relieved, said means comprising an element operatively connected to said key-lever and an element operatively connected so said type carrier, said two elements comprising power transmitting portions adapted to move toward and from each other, one of said elements having a weight operatively connected thereto so as to expend momentum to move one of said power transmitting portions from the other power transmitting portion at a predetermined point in two elements comprising power transmit.

ting portions adapted to move toward and from each other, one of said elements having a weight operatively connected thereto so as to expend momentum to move one of said power transmitting portions from the other power transmitting portion at I a predetermined point in the path of movement of said carrier toward said printing plane.

57. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier, at key-lever, devices- .whereby on printing actuation of said keylever said'type carrier is moved to the printmg plane, comprising a toggle operatively connected to said type carrier, an element operatively connected to said toggle, and an ment operating member, devices whereby on printing actuation of said key-lever said type carrier is moved to the printing plane, comprising an element operatively connected to said type carrier, an element operatively connected to said key-lever, said elements having power transmitting portions adapted to move toward and from each other, and

means whereby the movement of said ele-. 'ments from each other causes operation OI said escapement operating member.

59. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier, a key-lever, a universal bar, means adapted to limit the printing stroke of said key-lever, and devices where by on printing actuation of said key-lever said type carrier is moved to the printing plane, comprising a vweight adapted to expend momentum and thereby cause the operation of the universal bar after the printing actuation of said key-lever.

60. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier, a key-lever, a universal bar, means adapted to limit the .printing stroke of said key-lever, and devices whereby on printing actuation of said key-lever said type carrier is moved to the printing plane, comprising a weight adapted to expend momentum and thereby cause the operation of the universal bar after the printing actuation of said key-lever and before the return movement thereof.

61. In a typewriting machine-,in combination, a type carrier, a key-lever,'aun1versal merger bar, means adapted to limit the printing stroke of said key-lever, devices whereby on printing actuation of said key-lever said type carrier is moved to the printing plane, comprising an element'operatively connected to said type carrier, an element operatively connected to said key-lever, said elements having power transmitting portions adapted to move toward and from each other, and a Weight operatively connected to the element connected to said type carrier adapted to expend momentum and thereby cause the operation of the universal bar after the printing actuation of said key-lever.

62. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type-carrier, a key-lever, a universal bar, means adapted to limit the printing stroke of said key-lever, devices whereby on printing actuation of said key-lever said type carrier is moved to the printing plane,

comprising an element operatively connected to said type carrier, an element operatively connected to said key-lever, said elements having power transmitting portions adapted to move toward and from each other, and a weight operatively connected to the element connected to said type carrier adapted to expend momentum and thereby cause the operation of the universal bar after the printing actuation of said key-lever and before the return movement thereof.

63. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier, a key-lever, and devices whereby on printing actuation of said keylever said type'carrier is moved to the printing plane and caused to approach said plane from a point closely adjacent thereto with a decreasing velocity and under increasing means arranged to acquire momentum by said actuation and to expend momentum to urge said type carrier toward said printing plane for a portion of the stroke of said carrier toward said plane.

65. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier, a key-lever, devices whereby on printing actuation ofsaid keylever said type carrier is moved to the print-' ing plane, comprising a pair of connected toggles one link of which is operatively connected to said type carrier, and means arranged to acquire momentum by said actumeager 66. In a typewriting machine, in combina-- tion, a type carrier, a key-lever, devices whereby on printing actuation of said keylever said type carrier is moved to the printing plane, comprising a toggle one link of which is operatively connected to said type carrier and another to the frame, means adapted to adjust said point of connection to said frame relatively to the printing plane, and means arranged toacquire momentum by said actuation and to expend momentum to urge said type carrier toward said printing plane for a portion of the stroke of said carrier toward said plane.

- 67. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier, a key-lever, devices whereby on printing actuation of said keylever said type carrier is moved to the printing plane, comprising a pair of connected toggles, one link of one of which is operatively connected to said carrier and another to the frame, means adapted to adjust said point of connection to said frame relatively to the printing plane,and means arranged to acquire momentum by said actuation and to expend momentum to urge said carrier toward said printing plane for a portion of the stroke of said carrier toward said plane.

68. In a typewriting machine, in combinatipn. a type carrier, a key-lever, devices whereby on printing actuation of said keylever said type carrier is moved to the printing plane,-comprising a toggle, one link of which is connected to said carrier and the other to the frame, a second toggle, one link of which is connected to a link of the first mentioned toggle and the other to the frame, and means arranged to acquire momentum by said actuation and to expend momentum to urge said type carrier toward said printing plane for a portion of the stroke of said carrier toward said plane.

69. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier, a key-lever, devices whereby on printing actuation of said keyleversaid type carrier is moved to the printing plane, comprising a toggle, one link of which is connected to said carrier and the other to the frame, a second toggle, one link of which is connected to a link of the first mentioned toggle and the other to the frame. said first mentioned toggle being arranged to give an increasing followed by a decreasing velocity to said type carrier as the latter moves toward the printing plane, and means arranged to acquire momentum by said actuation and to expend momentum to urge said type carrier toward said printing plane for a portion of the stroke of said carier toward said plane.

' 70. In a typewriting machine, in combinetion, a type carrier, a key-lever, devices whereby on printing actuation of sald keylever said type carrier is moved to the print- 'ing plane, comprising a lever, and a weight so connected to said lever as to move 1n a path increasing in radius for a portion of lever said type carrier is moved to the printing plane, comprising a toggle, and a weight connected to and offset from the knuckle of said toggle.

72. In atypewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier, a key-lever, devices whereby m printing actuation of said keylever said type carrier is moved to the printing plane, comprising a toggle. one link of which is connected to said carrier, a second toggle one link of which is connected to a link of said first mentioned toggle and the other to the frame, and a weightconnected to a link of said second toggle.

73. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier, a keylever, and devices whereby on printing actuation of said keylever said type carrier is moved to the printing plane, comprising a pair of toggles, one of which is operatively connected to said type carrier, a weight connected to one of said toggles, and operative connections between one of said toggles and said key-lever permitting a movement of said toggles in a direction to eitect printing independent of movement of said key-lever.

7%. In a typewriting machine, in combina- I tion, a type carrier, a key-lever, and devices whereby on printing actuation of said keylever said type carrier is moved to the printing plane, comprising means arranged to acquire momentum by said actuation and to expend momentum to urge said type carrier toward said printing plane for a portion of the stroke of said carrier toward said plane, said momentum acquiring means being resiliently supported.

75. In a typewriting machine, in combination, 'type carrier, a key-lever, and deing: means.

'7 6. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier, a key-lever, and devices whereby on printing actuation of said keylever said type carrieris moved to the printing plane, comprising means arranged to acquire momentum by said actuation and to expend momentum to urge aid type carrier toward said printing plane for a portion of the stroke of said carrier toward said plane, said momentum acquiring meansbeing resiliently supported, and a stop in the path of said resilient supporting means.

77. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier, a key-lever, and devices whereby on printing actuation of said keylever said type carrier is moved to the printing plane, comprising means arranged to acquire momentum by said actuation and to expend momentum to urge said type carrier toward said printing plane for aportion of the stroke of said carrier toward said plane, and levers with which saidmomentum means is associated so as to cause an increasing leverage from a point outside the printing plane to said plane.

78. In an apparatus of the characterdescribed, in combination, a type carrier, a keylever, an escapement, devices whereby on printing actuation of said key-lever said type carrier ismoved to the printing plane comprising means arranged to acquire momentum by said ctuation and to expend momentum to urge said type carrier toward said printing plane for a portion of the stroke of said carrier toward said plane, means ada ted to relieve the type carrier' from the irect impulse of said key-lever prior to printing impression and force the type carrier to printing impression while so relieved, and means, adapted to actuate said escapementwhen said key-lever i at the limit of its printing stroke.

79. In a type'writing machine, in combination, a movable type carrier, energy-storing means, an actuating key, and operative connecting means between said elements to effect simultaneously, upon operation of said key, a storage of energy in said firstmentioned means and a quick transposition of said type carrier to a position adjacent its printing plane with a gradual reduction of the momentum of the latter during the final portion of said transposition thereof.

8t). In a typewriting machine, in combination, a movable type carrier, energy storing means, an actuating key, and operative connecting means between said elements to efiect simultaneously, upon operation of said key, an increasing storage of energy in said first-mentloned means and a quick transposition of said type carrier to a position adjacent its printing plane with a gradual dissipation of substantially all the momentum of the latter during the final portion of said transposition thereof 81. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a movable type carrier, energy storing means, an actuating key, and operative connecting means between said elements to effect simultaneously a storage of energy in said first-mentioned means and a quick transposition of said type carrier to a position adjacent its printing plane with a gradual dissipation of momentum of the latter during thefinal portion of said transposition thereof and thereafter to convert such stored energy into printing movement of said type carrier.

82. In atypewriting machine, in combination, a movable type carrier, energy storing means, an actuating key, and operative connecting means between said elements to efiect, upon operation of said key,- a storage of energy in said first-mentioned means and a quick transposition of said type carrier to a position adjacent its printing plane with a gradual dissipation of substantlally all the momentum of the latter during the final portion of said transposition thereof and uninterruptedly thereafter to convert said stored energy into printing movement of said type carrier independently of said key.

83. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a movable type carrier, energy storing means other than said type carrier, an actuating key to effect a storage of energy in said means, and means to convert gradually substantially all of such stored energy into relatively slow printing movement of said type carrier.

84. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a movable type carrier, and means to "efiect a printing movement thereof, said ing and power-increasing operative connection with said type carrier.

86. In a typewriting machine, in combination, an actuating key, a substantially rigid type carrier, and operating means to efiect a continuous movement thereof to its printing plane, said means including a momentum accumulator having a lost-motion connection with said actuating key and having a powerincreasing leverage connection with said type carrier durin final travel of the latter.

87. In a typewriting machine, in combina tion, a platen, a substantially rigid type car-- rier, an actuating key for the latter, and operative connecting. means between said key and said type carrier to effect printing movement of the latter to a limit determined answer substantially independently of saidplaten and of said key, said means including a momentum accumulator associated with said key and said type carrier in an operative relation to store energy during a predetermined movement of the former and to expend such energy to move the'latter independently of said key.

88. In a pressure-printing typewriting machine, in combination, a movable type carrier, and means to edect a quick transposition thereof to a position adjacent its printing plane and with a gradual disslpation of substantially all the momentum thereof during the final portion of said transposition, said means includin a momentum accumulator associated with said type carrier for efiecting a continued printing movement thereof;

89. In a pressure-printing typewriting machine, in combination, a movable type carrier, a momentum accumulator other than said type carrier, and means to effect simultaneously an increasing momentum of said accumulator and a quick transposition of said type carrier to a position adjacent its printing plane with a gradual dissipation of momentum of said type carrier during the final portion of said transposition thereof. 1

90. In a typewriting ma chine, in combination, a movable type carrier, an actuating key having its travel limited independently of said type carrier, an operative connection between said keyand said type carrier to effect a quick transposition of the latter through the major portion of its travel toward the printing plane and with a gradual reduction of the momentum thereof during the final portion of said transposition, said connection including means to effect printing movement of said type carrier after said actuating key reaches its limit of travel, and escapement operating means positioned to be actuated during the printing movement of said type carrier effected by said first mentioned means. i

'91. In a typevvriting machine, in combination, a movable type carrier, means utilizing only manual force to effect printing movement thereof after the arrest of an actuating key, and escapement operating -means operable during the printing movement of said type carrier and substantially independently of the momentum of the latter.

92. In a pressure-printing typewriting machine, in combination, a movable type carrier, operating means, including an actuating key, to efi'ect printing movement of said type carrier by utilizing only the force expended on said key and permit a partial retraction thereof from the printing plane independently of said actuating key, and escapement operating means operable during the printing movement of said type carrier and substantially independently of the momentum of. the latter.

. 93. In a typewriting machine, incombination, a platen, a movable type carrier, an actuating key for said type carrier having its movement limited independently of the latter and prior to the printing movement of the same, and means to limit the printing movement of said type carrier substantially independently of said platen and of said key.

94. tion, a platen, a movable type carrier, an actuating key for said type carrier having its movement, limited independently of the latter and prior to the printing movement printing movement of the latter, and means to-insure a relatively short, sl0w and forcible printing movement of said type'carrier after the arrest of movement of said key and substantially independently of the momentum of said type carrier.

96. Ina typewriting machine, in ,combination, a key lever having a limited depression, a type carrier, means for moving the type carrier from the key lever at a gradually increasing, thence at a gradually decreasing rate, and means for relieving the key lever from Work during the final travel of the type, said means comprising a plurality of power multiplying devices and a member for effectively actuating said devices after the movement of the key lever has been arrested.

97. In a typcwritin g machine, in combination, a key lever, a type carrier, means for moving the type carrier from the key lever ata gradually increasing and thence at a gradually decreasing rate, means for arresting the movement of the key lever before the printing moment, and means including a lost motion device between the key lever and the type for permitting the printing to take effect subsequent to the arrest of the key lever.

98. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier, a key lever, devices whereby on printing actuation of said key lever said type carrier is moved to the print- 99. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier, a key lever, devices whereby on printing actuation of sa1d key lever said type carrier is moved to the printnation, a type carrier, a key lever, a universal bar, means adapted-to limit the printing stroke of said key lever, devices whereby on printing actuation of said key lever said type carrier is moved to the printing plane, comprising an element operatively connected to said type carrier, an element operatively connected to said key lever, said elements having power transmitting portions adapted to move toward and from each other, and a weight operatively connected to the element cfllnnected to said type carrier adapted to expend momentum and thereby cause the operation of the universal bar after the printing actuation of said key lever.

101. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier, a weight, a key adapted to move said type carrier to near the printing plane, actuating means of initial low power ratio between said key and said weight for imparting movement to the latter, and actuating means of high power ratio between said we1ght and said type carrier for completing the stroke of the latter by said weight. I

102. In a typewriting machine,'in combination, a type carrier, a weight. a key, mechanism between said key and said type carrier for moving the latter to the printing plane, said mechanism including means of'substantially constant low power ratio between said key and said weight for imparting movement to the latter, and actuating means of increasing power ratio between said weight and said type carrier for completing the stroke of the latter by said weight.

' 103. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier, means including an energy storing member "for moving the type toward the printing plane with a power ratio which increases'substantially to infinity as the printing plane is reached, and supplemental means to absorb the momentum of said weight when the power ratio has become high,

104. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a type carrier, 9. key, means to permit said key to move said type carrier to near the printing plane, means for completing the movement of the type carrier to the printing plane, said last-mentioned means nae-mar permit final movement of the type to print independently of the latter, sa1d connection including a toggle having links movable to straightened position in a line substantially parallel with the direction of final movement of the type to print.

I 106. In a typewr'iting machine, in combination, a type carrier, a key lever having a depression limited prior to movement of the type to print, and an operative connection between said elements to efl ect'movement of said type carrier toward printing position, said connection including a toggle having a thrust link pivoted to said type car rier and having its links when straightened disposed substantiallyparallel to the final movement of the type to print, said parts mentioned including means to store energy.

during depression of said key lever and to expend such energy after arrest of said key lever to eflect printing of the type.

107. In a typewriting machine, in combi-- nation, a platen,a type carrier having a type movable to print, a key lever, and operative connecting means between said type carrier and key lever to actuate and limit movement of the former, said parts including means to store energy duringactuation of said key lever andto expend such energy substantially independently of the latter to move said type to print, said connecting means including a toggle and 'a bell crank lever having one arm connected with said toggle and another arm connected with said key lever.

108. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a platen, a type carrier having a type movable. toward the former toprint, a key lever for said type carrier, and means to transmit movement of said key lever to insure quick transposition of said type to a 109. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a platen, a type carrier having a type thereon movabletoward the platen'to print,

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