US1249773A - Telegraphy. - Google Patents

Description

c. KINSLEY.

TELEGRAPHY. APPLICATION FILED AUG-l4, x914.

mmw'ra. Patentd Dec. 11, 191?.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1-.

nnrrnn sra'rns ra'rnn r enrich,

TELEGRAPHY.

Application filed August 141 To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, Cant l iiivsnnr, a citizen of the United Eltates,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and'State of lllinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in 'lelegraphy, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawmg.

lvly invention relates to the art oftelegiraphy and especially to methods of and apparatus for telegraphic transmission at high speeds. It has for its objects: (1) to produce a record directly printed in legible characters by the line impulses passing at high speeds, wherein the bodies of theletters will be formed of continuous marks, the different elements thereof properly abutting; (2) to produce by. means of line impulses a directly printed alphabet composed of not exceeding five characters or elements, whereby certain improvements are rendered possible inthe etliciency of both transmission and receiver; (3) to increase speed of transmission and certainty of oporation by arranging the elements of Which the alphabet is composed so that more than one of them can be printed simultaneously for a considerable number of letters in l which they occur; and (-1) transmitting, re-

ceiving and printinga message backward, so that the receiving tape or surface may be rolled. or otherwise stored as it is received with the end containing the beginning of the message accessible and ready for sequential perusal. i

The present invention embodies certain improvements over the inventions described and claimed in Letters Patent No. 1,018,115, granted to me February 20, 1912, and in my prior applications Serial No. 169,228, filed August 12, 1903, and Serial l lo. 403,885, liled ltlovember 26, 1007. The present application is in part a continuation of my previous application Serial No. 103,885, now Patent No. 1,126,642. In the said Patent No. 1,120,042 ll showed alive element alphabet and certain circuits and apparatus which are described herein for forming the some; but the advantages and novel features of the alphabet and of the method involved were not fully elaborated. They will. be described at length and fully claimedherein.

lln my Patent No. 1,018,115, and also in my pending application Serial No. 100,228, disclose a system in which the method of Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec; 11, lair,

, 191d. filcrial No. 856,835.

receiving involves a balancing of magnetomotive forces by means of line impulses in order to release normally distorted printing pens. 1 show therein a chemical printer for receiving, and l have succeeded by the method disclosed in producing directly printed messages at very high speeds. lhe alphabets employed have different numbers of elements, but of all 1 have employed, the present live element alphabet has the great" est advantage for reasons which will heretact with the receiving tape, printing by spark or by the passage of current upon the closure of the local circuits at the relay.

1n the present case it is to be understood that l may employ either direct printing or relay printing as described in any of the foregoing applications and patent, and for the purpose of producing my present alpha-- bet it is only necessary that the steps in the method be properly followed, regardless of the specific apparatus employed.

Tlhc manner in which ll attain my objects may be very briefly stated as follows: (1) I produce a directly printed legible message at high speeds with letters having solid bodies, by arranging five elements so that they may be operated in succession, in varying order, and with such relation to the travel of the tape that their impressions will overlap or abut and thus produce solid or continuous lines. The live element alphabet is peculiarly adapted to this purpose, although in claiming the abutting method it shall not limit myself to the specific number of elements. (2) l. produce the alphabet of not exceeding live characters by using three differently timed horizontal strokes, and two vertical or inclined strokes, also differently timed. (3)1 increase the speed of transmission and certainty of operation by taking advantage of the line retardationto work two of the elei'nent printers on a single impulse, one of them however lagglng :and for the same purpose.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a diagram of one of the local circuits wlth a printing platen and prlnting members with the associated polarized relay enlarged.

YFig. 2 is a side elevation of the printing platen, its associated printing members and the printing tape as shown in plan in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a short section of tape shown in plan, to illustrate the method of printing with the letters inverted and backward, the arrow indicating the direction of feed when reading the tape.

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic view of a complete system used to form either of the alphabets shown in Figs. 5 and 9.

Fig. 5 is an alphabet composed of five elements formed with all the elements in each letter abutting.

Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the relative fixed positions of the printing elements for producing the alphabet of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary view of a transmitting tape punched to form the letter E.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary view of the receiving tape with the letter E printed thereon.

Fig. 9 is a modified form of alphabet.

Fig. 10 is a diagram of the relative fixed positions of the different printing elements for producing the alphabet of Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary view of the transmitting tape punched to form the letter E from the elements as arranged in Fig. 10.

, Fig. 12 is a fragmentary view of the receiving tape having the letter E formed thereon by the printing elements as arranged n Fig. 10.

The mechanism of the transmitter for sending the operating electrical impulses to the relays is substantially like that set forth in the Letters Patent above referred to, differing only in that the contact pins co6p crating with the transmitter tape are five in number instead of six, and the circuits for the systems herein shown are arranged according to the diagrams of Figs. 3 and 4 herein.

In Fig. 1, I have shown an enlarged detail view', of one of the polarized relays all of which are of the same mechanical construction. The relay comprises an electro, or per- 7 manent magnet 6, having pole pieces 7 and 8 the latter reduced in diameter for a portion of its length to form a core for the coil 5). The contact spring 16 and the anvil strip 17 are fixed upon the pole piece 7 with their free ends extending into operative relation with the pole 9 and the spring 17 insulated from the pole 7 and spring 16. Normally the end of the spring 16 is held up to the pole so as to maintain the spring in a. distorted shape, and under tension. This springis of such proportion as to have a high natural period, but is attenuated as to mass so as to respond to line impulses of various frequencies. A conductor 18 is connected from the spring 16 to the batterv ll. From the opposite side of the battery the eonunon return conductor 26 leads to the printing platen 27. The circuit is completed through the electrode 30 by wire 28 connected to the anvil contact 17. All of the contacts are mounted in a stationary insulating block it) held in any suitable manner upon or over the printing tape 31 so that all of the printing electrodes 10, 20. 30, etc... are fixed. 'lhe coil 9 is connected to line and when a eurrent of suitable direction, strength. or duration, or a combination of any or all of these. according to the magnetic and electrical characteristics of the particular relay or the retardation of the line, passes through the coil, the magnetic flux due to magnet ii i weakened 01' neutralized to release the con tact spring 16 which then snaps down into engagement with the anvil contact 17, and the circuit including the conductor 18. bat.- tery B, conductor 26, printing platen 2i. and electrode 30 is thus closed through the tape. The potential of the battery is sutlicient to cause current to pass through the tape and thus effect a chemical decomposition in the tape to print. In Figs. 1 and 2 the motion of the receiving tape as indicated by the arrows is that required for backward transmission, although the alphabets shown here in may be formed equally well in either direction.

In Fig. 4, I have shown generators l3 and 46 for supplying current for the transmitting impulses although any of her t wo s urces of current of constant potential such as batteries may be used. This system uses a. two-wire line circuit with ground return or three conductors in all. Connection is made between the generator -15 and the platen I? of the transmitter through the conductors (i2. (i3 and (i5. and between generator [6 and platen .118 through the conductors (l1 and til. The platens 4-7 and 4 8 are connected with the line wires 49 and 50 respectively. In practice. the contacts (it to (35 may take the form of brushes which contact with platens 4-7 and 48 through the apertures ot a tape, Relays 71. 73 and 77) are responsive to cur-- rent in a given direction. for example t'roni the generators at the transmitting end over neaegrve the line wiresand back through ground, while relays 72 and 7 4- are responsive to current in the opposite direction as from the generator at the transmitting end through ground to the relays and back over the line wires. lliLelay 75 operates only in conjunction with 73 and this only upon the transmission of an impulse of relatively high current value, the relay 75 always operat ing a moment later than 73. It will be seen that with this circuit arrangement, with the relays71, 74E, grouped so as to be controlled over one line wire and the relays 7 .2, 73 and 75 grouped to be controlledovcr the other line wire, that relays 71., 74:, 72 and 73 may be indepeiulently operated, that certain pairs of relays may be operated. simultaneously such as 7172 and 73--7'Zl and that the relays 73 and 75 may be operated on a single impulse oi. sutlicient current strength to operate both, the relay 75 operating a moment later than relay 73. The relay 75, instead of being designed to respond only to an impulse of relatively high current value may be designed to respend to an impulse of the same current value as that required for operating 73 but of longer duration.

The operating circuits of the different relays may be traced as follows: relav 71, from generator 46 over conductor 61, platen 48, line wire 50, 71, and back over ground through resistance 56 to generator 45; relay 74, generator 46, through resistance 57, and ground to relay 74 and back over line wire 50. platen 48, conductor 64 to generator 46; relay 72, from generator 45 through resistances 58, 59 and ground to relay 72 and back over line wire 49, platen 47 and conductor 62 to generator 4L5; relays 73 and 75 with normal impulse for operating 73 only, from generator 45 through resistance 58, conductor 63, platen 4-7, line wire 49, 75, 73, and back over ground through resistance 90 to generator 45, while the circuit for relays 7 5 and 73 using impulse of relatively high current value for operating both relays, may be traced from generator 45, over conductor 65, platen 47, line wire 4-9, 75, 73 and back through ground and resistance 90 to generator d5.

The alphabet of Fig. 5 is the preferable form and is built up by the printing elements 1(), 20, etc, of Fig. 1, arranged with the relative spacing shown in Fig. 6, the elements 10, 20, etc., having their circuits controlled by the relays 71, 72, etc, respectively.

in Fig. 7 the dotted lines marked 1, 2, 3, 4t and 3 and 5 indicate that portion of the transmitting tape through which the pens or other circuit closing devices, contactwith the platen for sending an impulse to the dif ferent relays 71, 72, etc.

lln Fig. 8 a section of the receiving tape is shown, bearing the printed letter E, the portions 81, 82, etc, being those which are printed by the different printing elements 10, 20, etc. The arrow indicates the direction of motion of the tape during the backward printing of the letters. The process of building up each letter of the entire alphabet may be understood from the descrip tion of that of the letter E which I will now set forth.

Assuming that the sections of tape of Figs. 7 and S are moving through a suitable transmitter and a receiver such as that shown in part in Fig. 1, respectively, and in the direction as indicated by the arrows, the circuit of the relay of printing element 40 (Fig. 6) will be closed through a perforation in the line lof the transmitting tape and cause the letter element 8 f to be printed on the receiving tape (Fig. 8). l Vhen the receiving tape moves through a space equal to the horizontal distance between elements 4:0 and 30, the circuit of the relays associated with elements 30 and 50 (relays 73 and 75) is closed through an aperture in the line 8 and 5 of the transmitting tape causing first, the letter element 83 to be printed on the receiving tape with its lower end abutting the letter element 84c to form substantially a straight line, the printed letter element 84 having moved over in line with printing element 30, and a moment later when the receiving tape has moved a distance equal to that between the lower end of 30 and the adjacent end of 50 the letter element o5 is printed on the transmitting tape abutting the lower end of the letter element 83, the printed element 83 having moved over the necessary distance to bring about this abutting. When the receiving tape moves through a farther distance equal to the horizontal distance between the lefthand ends of printing elements 50 and 10, the circuit of the relay associated with is closed through a perforation in the line 1 of the transmitting tape causing the letter element 81 to be printed on the receiving tape with its left-hand end in abutment with the lower end of 84;, and similarly when the transmitting tape has moved a still farther distance equal to the horizontal distance between the left-hand ends of printing elements and the circuit of the relay associated with 9 0 is closed through a perforation in the line 2 of the transmitting tape causing the letter element 82 to be printed on the receiving tape in abutment with the upper end of 83. It will thus be seen that the arrangement of the printing elements as shown, in conjunction with the time of printing and the motion of the tape, effect the production of an alphabet as shown in Fig. 5, in which no spaces or gaps are left between those letter elements which should connect, and one that is legible and easily read by the uninitiated. It will also be seen that whenever the letter elements 83 and 85 occur they may be printed by a single impulse.

Referring to Figs. 9, 10, 11 and 12, I have shown a modified form of alphabet produced by five printing elements arranged as shown in Fig. 10, the elements 91, 92, etc., corresponding to the printing elements 10, 20, etc., above described. lVith the printing elements arranged as shown in Fig. 10 the vertical elements 93 and 94; are arranged in line with each other, the horizontal element is spaced a little to the right while the extreme upper and lower horizontal elements 91 and 92 are spaced a little farther to the right and at the same horizontal distance from the vertical elements. lVith this arrangement of the printing elements it is possible to operate simultaneously either of the pairs 939 1 or 9192. It will also be seen that although the elements 93 and at will not make abuttingimprints, due to the slight vertical distance between them, the space between them will be filled by the abutting element 95 whenever used as in the A, B, E, etc., and that in letters where the middle horizontal element is not used the space does not detract from legibility. The method of building up the alphabetand numerals of Fig. 9 may be understood from a description of that for the letter E which follows:

Assuming that the transmitting tape Fig. 11 is punched as shown which is that re quired for transmitting the letter E and that this transmitter tape and the receiving tape of Fig. 12 are passing through connected transmitters and receivers respectively, the holes punched in the transmitting tape through lines 4 and 3 and 5 pass simultaneously under the contact pens of the transmitter and cause simultaneous impulses to pass over the line wires 49 and 50 (Fig. 4) through relays 73 and 75, and 7% respec tively. Relays 73 and 7st operating simultaneously close the local circuits of the printing elements 93 and 94 which cause the letter elements 13 and 14 to be printed on the receiving tape. A moment after, when the receiving tape has traveled a distance equal to the horizontal distance between the printing elements 93 and 95 the neutralizing effect of the same impulse on relay 75 reaches its maximum, causing said relay to operate and close the local circuit of printing element 95 which at that instant prints the letter element 15 on the transmitting tape, the element 15 abutting the letter element 13, and filling the space between 13 and it. When the receivingtape moves a distance equal to the horizontal distance between the lefthand ends of the printing elements 9192 and the vertical printing elements, the transmitting tape moves sufiiciently to bring the perforations in lines 1 and 2 under the con-- tact pens of the transmitter which causes simultaneous impulses to be sent over the lines 19 and 50 to operate relays 7.1. and 72. The relays 71 and 72 operating close the local circuits of the printing elements 91 and 92, respectively, which cause the letter elements 11 and 12 to be printed on llle receiving tape with their left-hand ends in abutment with the opposite ends of the vertical letter elements.

It will be noted that in the transmitting tapes for either the vertical or slanting alphabet, an extra interval is always allowed between the perforation on the line 3 and 5 and the next succeeding perforation, this in order that the relay 75 will have time to operate and the receiving tape time to move the printed vertical elements to the left-hand ends of the extreme horizontal elements before the next impulse is transn'litted.

In Fig. 3 I have shown a small piece of tape with the characters inverted. which is a position I use in some cases to avoid the necessity of reversing the feed of the tape. There are some other advantages which llow from this inverted printing which it will he understood involves inverting also the prinl ing elements 10, 20, 30. etc., shown in Fig. l and the corresponding elements in l igs. l3 and 10.

It will be noted that the alphabet printed with a forward inclination or slant is somewhat preferable to that printed straight up and down, but I do not wish to be confined to either one. It is true that the vertical letters of Fig. 9 may be formed wilh their vertical as well as their horizontal elements abutting to form solid lines, and therefore my claims are to be construed so as lo cover any slant backward or forward as well as the vertical form.

Having thus described my invention what I claim and desire to secure by Letters latcut is 1. The method of producing sequential operation of printing electrodes actuated by the same impulse, which consists in adjusting their time constants so that on the rise in line current, one electrode will lag behind the other in operation a sullieient length of time to produce the sequence desired.

2. The method of producing sequential operation of high speed telegraphic receiving elements operated over a. single wire on the same impulse, which consisls in adjusting their electromagnetic time constants so that they will become effectively controlled at different points on the line current curve.

3. In a printing telegraph system, a receiver comprising printing elements each adapted to produce upon a record surface a. fractional portion of letters and numerals in response to electrical impulses, said eleemma ments being shaped and arranged to form an alphabet and numerals in which a certain one of said fractional portions occurs only in conjunction with a certain other, the printing element for said latter fractional portion being" responsive to the same impulse to Which the printing element for said former fractional portion responds.

l. In a printing telegraph system, a receiver comprising printing elements each adapted to produce upon a record surface a fractional portion of letters and numerals, said. elements being shaped and arranged to form an alphabet and numerals in which a certain one of said fractional portions occurs only in conjunction With a certain other, whereby in the forming of certain letters and numerals the printing elements for both of said certain particular fractional portions may be operated as one and the number of elements reduced in effect.

5. In a printing telegraph system, a receiver comprising printing elements each adapted to produce upon a record surface a fractional portion of letters and numerals, said elements being shaped and arranged to form an alphabet and numerals in which a certain pair of said fractional portions occur together in the same manner in several characters and means for operating the printing elements for said pair of fractiona]. portions as one.

In testimony whereof ll aliix my signature in presence of two \vitnesses.

Witnesses Fnnn Pearson, Pnrnn Mari-Has.

ttepiee e1 this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the tonnnissinner of Patents,

Washington, I G.

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