US1239370A - Locomotive stack and draft device. - Google Patents

Description

W. ELMEH.

LOCOMOTIVE STACK AM) DRAFT DEVICE. APPLICATION FILED numao. ms.

1 239.370, Patented Sept. 4,1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I t INVENTOR Ira/am [Ma/ Br A TTORNEYS WILLIAM-ELMER, or BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

LOCOMOTIVE STACK AND DRAFT DEVICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 4, 1917.

Application filed August 80, 1916. Serial No. 117,638.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM 151mm, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Bufialo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented a new and I mproved Locomotive Stack and Draft Device, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The object of the invention is to provide a new and improved locomotive stack and draft device arranged to discharge large particles of coke and cinder-s through the stack thus preventing the accumulation of the coke and cinders in the smoke box and thereby providing a self-cleaning smoke box. A further object is to insure a rapid passage and free escape of the products of combustionthrough the smoke stack under the influence of exhaust jets with a View to avoid the breaking or lowering of the vacuum and to prevent restriction of the exhaust jets to avoid back pressure in the engine cylinders and thus insure the maximum pulling power of the locomotive.

In order to produce the desired result use is made of a stack provided with a series of nested conduits and an exhaust nozzle having a series of independent tips centrally disposed below the entrance ends of the said conduits.

A practical embodiment of the invention is represented in the accompanying draw-- ings forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal central section of the forward end of a locomotive boiler and it's smoke box provided with the im -proved locomotive stack and draft device certain well known parts being omitted in order that the invention may clearly appear;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional. plan view of the exhaust nozzle on the line 22 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a transverse section of the smoke box on the line 33 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 4 is a sectional plan view of the stack and its conduits, the section being on the lii'ie H of Fig. 3.

The smoke stack 10 is fastened by the usual ring 11 to the top of the smoke box 12 and the said stack 10 is so arranged that the upper portion projects above the smoke box 12 while the lower end extends into the smoke box and its bottom is disposed a distance above the table plate 13. Within the smoke box 12 is arranged a conduit 14 around which are grouped a number of similar conduits 15, preferably six in number, as plainly indicated in Fig. 4. The lower ends of the conduits 14 and 15 are preferably flush with the lower end of the stack 10 while the upper ends of the said conduits are preferably a distance below the top of the smoke stack 10 but may extend up to or above the top thereof.

Centrally below the conduit 14 is arranged an exhaust nozzle tip 16 and similar tips 17 are disposed centrally below the conduits 15, and the several tips 16 and 17 are connected with the top of the exhaust nozzle 18 arranged in the lower portion of the smoke box 12. By reference to Figs. 1 and 3 it will be seen that the tips 16 and 17 project through the table plate 13 and terminate a distance below the conduits 14 and 15. The exit ends of the tips 16 and 17 are preferably slightly contracted.

By the arrangement described the exhaust steam from the locomotive engine passing into the exhaust nozzle 18 is directed by the tips 16 and 17 centrally into the lower ends of the conduits 14 and 15 to provide a free escape of the exhaust steam and to produce the desired draft in the conduits 14 and 15 for the rapid passage and free escape of the products of combos-i tiou arising from the burning fuel in the fire box of the boiler.

It will be noticed that each of the exhaust nozzle tips 16 and 17 can fill the corresponding conduit 14 or 15 uniformly with steam over its entire area. to insure the desired draft and to provide a free escape for the exhaust steam. By the arrangement described a high vacuum can beobtained in the front end with little back pressure against the pistons of the locomotive engines.

The products of combustion in the fire box. that is, the gases, sparks, and cinders passing through the flues'30, enter the smoke box 12 and are deflected downward toward the bottom by the diaphragm 19. After passing under the table plate 13, which is an extension of the diaphragm 19, the currentof gases, sparks, and cinders is thrown upwardly through the netting 21, and discharged outwardly through the stack 10. The height of the table plate 13 is chosen so as to leave an area from the bottom of the smoke box to the lower surface of the table plate of about 75% of the tire area through the tubes. This insures a high velocity for the gases, sparks and cinders at this point so that the large particles of coke and cinders drawn through the tubes will be battered against the netting 21,

broken up and thrown out through the stack thereby constituting a self-cleaning front end.

In order to produce the best results in devices of this character four variables must be taken into account, namely, first, the aggregate areas of the exhaust tips 16 and 17 of the exhaust nozzle, which may be too great to permit a sufficiently high velocity of the exhaust steam, and 'may be too small and thus increase the back pressure on the cylinders; second, the diameter of the small stack conduits 14, 15 which can be made so large as not to be filled by the steam jets or so small as to be choked by the gases; third, the length of the stack conduits 14 and 15, which can be so short as to permit the vacuum to be broken between exhausts or so long as to increase the friction of the mixed column of exhaust steam and gases thereby lowering the available vacuum; and, fourth, the distance from the bottoms of the stack conduits 14 and 15 to the exit ends of the exhaust nozzle tips 16 and 17 which can he so large as to permit a corresponding steam jet to overflow the edges of the conduits, or so small as to permit choking of the entrance thereto.

As shown in the drawings, the exit ends of the exhaust nozzle tips 16 and 17 are upproxinnitely midway between the table plate 13 and the lower ends of the conduits 1i and 15. By the arrangement shown and de scribed the above requirements are properly fulfilled and the desired result is obtained.

In order to produce draft While the locomotive is not using steam, use is made of an annular steam chamber 40arrangcd on the inner sides of the upper ends of the tips 1? and disposed concentrically relative to the tips 16 and 17 between the central tip 16 and the outer tips 17. The chamber 40 is provided with lugs 41 having legs 42 rising from the table plate 13, and the lower reduced ends 43 of the legs 42 extend through the table plate 13 and are engaged by keys 4i engaging the under side of the table plate 13 to securely fasten the chamber 40 in position. The chamber 40 is connected by the usual pipe 45 with a live steam supply under the control of the engineer, and the chamber 40 is provided with upwardly and outwardly inclined nozzles 46 for directing steam to the entrance ends of the conduits 15 whenever it is desired to produce a forced draft. The chamber 40 is provided with a. pllllg 47.

aving thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters 1 A locomotive stack and draft device, including a cylindrical stack provided with a plurality of cylindrical conduits nested within the stack with their axes parallel to the axis of the stack.

1!. A. locomotive stack and draft device, comprising a smoke box, a diaphragm having a table plate in the smoke box, a cylindrical stack extending into the smoke box with its lower end a distance above the said table plate, a plurality of cylindrical conduits nested within the stack, and an exhaust ,nozzle in the smoke box below the table plate and having a series of nozzle tips extending upward through the table plate and terminating centrally below the entrance ends of the said conduits at points midway between the table plate and the lower end of the stack.

3. A locomotive stack and draft device comprising a cylindrical stack, a plurality of cylindrical conduits, nested within the stack, an exhaust nozzle having a series of independent tips each centrally disposed below the entrance ends of one of the said conduits, and a live steam chamber provided with nozzles each inclined upwardly and also directly toward the entrance end of one of the said conduits.

e. A locomotive stack and draft device comprising a cylindrical stack provided with a plurality of c lindrical conduits of which one is arrange centrally within the stack and the others grouped around the central one, an exhaust nozzle having a series of independent tips discharging centrally into the entrance ends of the said conduits, an annular steam chamber connected w th the live steam of the boiler and arranged concentrically with the said series of nozzle tips, and nozzles extending from the said steam chamber and discharging upwardly into the lower ends of the said conduits.

WILLIAM ELMER.

W itnesses:

Gnu. D. HALL, GEO. L. BRAUN.

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