US1238935A - Lathe. - Google Patents

Description

C. G. LSON.

LATHE.

APPLlcATloN FILEmDEcJl. me.

hwg

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

C. G. OLSON.

LATHE.

APPLICATION FILED 050.1, 1916.

Patented Sept. 4, 191'?.

4 sesam-SHEET 2.

YEWW

C. G. OLSON.

LATHE.

APPLICATION FILED DEc.l.191e.

Patented Sept. 4, 191'?.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

To all w/wm t may concern.'

l Utr-sas avrai? asien.

'Gann' c. oLs'oivr, 'nF' Carcano, inmunes, assIGNoR To ILLINOIS 'rooL Worms, er

1 I carcasa, Immers, 'a Congresswoman Immers.

g Lernen.

assess-5.

Y application med eecember I, rele. serial no. 134,241.5. 1

Be it known that I, "GA-BLG.` ULsoN, a citizen of the United States, residing `at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois,` have invented 1a certain new and useful Improvement in Lathes, of'which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to lathes in -which the head stock with'its main spindle and the tail stock are mounted on a main carriage and travel past the tool, In this machine, the tool is mounted on a cross-carriage which moves transversely to the axis of rotation'of .the main spindle. The object of my invention is to provide alathe of this general character and to carry out the design in ,an eilicient and practical manner. In accomplishing this ,general object, Il employ certain mechanical expediente which will be described in detail. Y

yI accomplish my objects'by the lmechanism illustrated inthe accompanying drawin s, in which: Igure 1 is a iront elevation and Fig. 2

a lan' of the. assembled machine.

I ig. 3 isy .an elevation, taken chiefly in I axial section through the main spindle. The

plane of 'the section is indicated by the line 3 3, Fig. 2..

Fig. 4 is a transverse section of the machine on the line 1r-4, Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a transverse section on the line 5 5, 2. Y

Fig. 6 is applan view, partly in section, showing a ortion of the cross-carriage andl the eccentric which operates it.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

The main frame 1 of the machine may be ci any suitable design and is provided with longitudinal ways 2 which form guides and supports for the main carriage 3. These ways are of great length, extending ,in the present design practically .the entire length ci the machine. The carriage is of still greater length in the present design being shown here as of greater length than any other part of the machine. This gives unusuallyvlong guide surfaces and. as a result, the carriage 1s ided very accurately, and furthermore, a iaurge bearing surface isaifo'rded which distributes the pressure over a large area and hence reduces the rate of wear to a minimum. it the head end of the machine-that is, lthe end nearest the Patentes sepa a, asia.

head stock, the main carriage has a slot l for non-interference` with the bracket 5 which is bolted 'to the main frame and has a standard 6 carrying anut 7 in which the lead screw '8 Works. These parts are shown in Figs. .1, 2 and 3.

The lead screw `is rigidly fastened to the main spindle 9 co-axially therewith Iand While the fastening means may be varied, a suitable form4 of connection is shown in `Iig. 3. .In this form.lthe lead screw has a collar 12 formed upon it and this collar is held between a nut 13 and a cap 14 which screws on to said nut. Said nut, in turn, is intere nally threaded to screw .upon the correspondingly threaded end of the main spindle. The lead screw has a taper point 15 which .jams into Va taper socket 16 in the end of the main spindle. When these parts are drawn up tight, the connection is very rigid, and Lfurthermore, the lead screw and main spindle are Vin perfect .alinement The main spindle is journaled in suitable bearings 18, carried by the housing `19 and housing base 20. Said base is rigidly fastened to the main carriage and, by preference, is integral therewith, ,as best indicated in F ig. 8. Theresu-lt of this construction is that when the spindle is rotated, it rotates the lead screw, and as the lead nut 7 is stationary, .it canses the carriage to travel upon the main fra-me. IThe spindle being mounted upon the carriage consequently `travels with it rIhe spindle is provided with a center point 22 and dog 23 for respectively supporting and rotating the work, although thesey parts may be salestitilted by any type of chuck suitable for supporting4 and rotating the work.

The tail stock is rigidly fastened to the carriage opposite to the head stock and while these parts may be varied, they conm'st'in :the present instance of a standard 25 in which 'is .secured a bushing 26 carrying a center point 27.

The tool which acts upon the work may .assume various `forms and is here typified by element 30 carried in thc post 31 rising from .the cross-carriage 3Q, as best shown in Figs. 1, 2 and el. Said carriage is slidahle crosswise of the machine, being mounted upon cross-ways 33 formed, upon the stationary frame Bil, which is bolted or otherwise ias tened 'to the main trarne and virtually constitutes a part thereof. The 'tool post is adjustable on the cross-carriage and its position thereon is controlled by the hand crank 35.

I will now describe the means by which the main spindle is rotated and the means by which the cross-carriage is caused to vibrate back and forth transversely to the axis of rotation ofthe spindle. For convenience, the description of these parts will commencewith the driving element on the machine.

The driving element in the present instance consists of a pulley 40 fastened to the drive shaft 41 journaled in the main frame, as best shown in Fig. 4. Upon drive shaft 41 is. a worm 42 which meshes with a worm wheel 43 splined 4upon shaft 44. Wheel 43 has elongated hubs 45, as best shown in Fig. 3 and these are journaled in bearings 46 formed Upon the main frame. Said bearings are located on both sides of the wheel and the construction is such that the wheel is free to rotate but is prevented from shifting axially. while the shaft 44 is forced to rotate in unison with the worm wheel. but is free to'slide axially therein. Shaft 44 is rigidly fastened to a pinion 47 which is lorated between two bearings 48 depending from the main carriage 3. By preference, said bearings are integral with the main carriage. Shaft 44 is Iiournaled in said bearings 48 and travels -in unison with them. having a shoulder 49 which prevents relativeI movement in one direction and a nut 5.0 which' prevents it in the other. Thus. the shaft 44 travels with' the carriage and drives-the pinion 47 from the power derived from the non-traveling worm wheel43.

Pinion 47 meshes with the gear wheel 52 which is rigidly fastened to the main spindle 9 and drives it. Said gear wheel is inclosed within the housing 19 as clearly shown in Fig. 3. It is thus evident that pulley40 causes the main spindle 9 to rotate and this. in turn. by rotating the lead screw 8 causes the carriage and the parts mounted thereon to travel lengthwise of the machine. l

The. power shaft 41 projects through the front wall of the frame and there carries a pinion 55 which drives a gear wheel 56 fastened to a shaft 57 journaled in the stationary frame of the machine. as best shown in Figs. 1 and 4. Gear wheel 58 is rigidly fastened to shaft 57 and drives a gear wheel 59 rigidly fastened to a shaft 60. This shaft is also i'ournaled in 'the stationary frame work of the machine and has on it a bevel gear 61 which meshes with a similar bevel gear 62 rigidly fastened to a cam shaft 63 which is arranged vertically and is journaled in the stationary frame. An eccentric 65 is fastened to the upper end of shaft 63 fand this works in a slot 66 formed in the crosscarriage 3Q. The result is that when the shaft 63 rotates, it causes the cross-carriage to travel back and forth relatively to the axis of the main spindle and thereby causes the pulley to move in regular sequence to.

ward and from the axis of the work.

In operation, when the drive pulley 40 rotates, it causes the rotation of the work,

These parts move in timed relation and so are capable of automatically producing and reproducing a piece of work which,.in itself, may be of complex nature. The machine, as a whole, is strong and durable and, as previously explained, is capable of producing accurate work, especially on account of the fact that the guide surfaces of ther'main carriage are so long and also on account of the fact that the main spindle and lead screw are so closely associated and are arranged in line with each other; Another factor which makes for accuracy and also durability is that the lead screw is approximately midway between the two longitudinal sides of the carriage.

Attention is called to my fro-pending application for lathes filed December 1, 1916, Serial No. 134,244.

Having thus described my invention. what I claim as new and desire to secure by Let'- ters Patent, is: L

1. A lathe having a main frame, a car- 'riage sliding thereon, a rotatable work holder mounted on said carriage, a nontraveling power device mounted on the mainv frame. ashaft gearedto said work holder and moving in unison with the carriage,

saidshaft vpassing through the center of said power device and making sliding connection therewith to be driven thereby, a lead screw coaxial with said work holder and connected thereto. and a stationary lead nut taking said lead screw.

2. A lathe having a main frame, a stationary nut fastened to a standard rising from said frame, a traveling carriage mounted on said main frame, said carriage being bifurcated at one end to pass to the sides of the standard, a main spindle having an axis parallel with-the line of travel of said carriage, and a lead screw in line with said spindle and fastened thereto, said lead screw working in said nut for causing the carriage to travel.

- 3. A lathe having a main frame, a traveling carriage extending substantially from one end of said frame to the other, a standard rising from said frame and carrying the lead nut. the carriage being bifurcated at one end for noninterference with said standard. and a power device mounted on the main frame and having sliding connection with the spindle for rotating it.

4. A lathe having a main frame, provided with longitudinal ways, a carriage guided by said ways, said carriage having :ueeaeae a slot at one end located between the ways, a rotating main spindle carried by said carriage and arranged longitudinally approximately midway between thc said ways, a lead screw in line with and fastened to said main spindle, and a standard fastened to the main frame and passing up through the slot in the carriage and carrying a nut in which the lead screw works.

5. A machine of the class described having a main frame, a main carriage traveling on it,a main spindle mounted on said carriage and traveling in unison therewith, a stationary lead nut, a lead screw working in said nut and fastened to said spindle in line therewith, a non-traveling gear Wheel mounted in the main frame, a shaft splined to said gear wheel whereby the shaft may travel independently of the gear Wheel and yet be rotated by it, means on the carriage for causing said shaft to travel in unison with it, and gearing connecting the said shaft with the main spindle.

6. A machine tool having a main frame supportinga mainl carriage, a main spindle journaled xin the carriage and traveling with it, a lead nut rising from the main frame, a lead screw working in said nut and fastened to said spindle in line therewith, and means mounted in part upon the main frame and in part upon the carriage for rotating the main spindle, the end of the main carriage being bifurcated and the lead nut passing up through the bifurcation in the carriage from its point of attachment to the main frame.

7. A machine tool having an elongated frame, an elongated carriage guided upon and extending from end to end of said frame, said carriage being bifurcated ap proXimately centrally at one end, a standard fastened to the machine frame and passing up through the bifurcation in the car riage, a lead nut at the upper end of said standard, ,a lead screw working in said nut, a spindle rigidly fastened to said lead screw in line therewith, a work holder fastened to said spindle, actuating means partly on the main frame and partly on the carriage for rotating said spindle and thus also causing the carriage to travel, a cross-carriage for carrying the tool, an eccentric for operating said cross-carriage, and means operating in timed relation with the rotating spindle for rotating said eccentric to move the cross-carriage toward and from the airis of the work.

In witness whereof, l have hereunto subscribed my name.

CARL Gr. LSN.

Images