US1224607A - Spike and tie-plate. - Google Patents

Description

J. F. CRAVEN.

SPIKE AND TIE PLATE. APPLICATION FILED AUG-7.1916.

1,224,607 PatentedMay 1, 1917.

v 4 naa WITNESSES JAMES F. CRAVEN, OF PITTSPURGI-I, PENNSYLVANIA.

SPIKE AND TIE-PLATE.

Application filed August 7, 1916.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES F. CRAVEN, a resident of Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Spikes and Tie-Plates, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to railroad rail fastoning means, and has for its object to more securely fasten the rails to wooden ties than by means of the ordinary vertically driven spikes. The invention comprises a spike designed to be driven in an inclined direction, together with means for guiding said spike while being driven to take an inclined direction to extend underneath the rail seat. The preferred form of such guiding means is an inclined wall of the hole through the tie plate through which the spike is driven.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 1s a sectional View through a railroad rail and tie and a partial sectional view and a partial side elevation of the tie plate illustrating the invention; Fig. 2 is a plan view of the tie plate; and Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the spike.

In the drawing, 1 represents an ordinary wooden tie and 2 a standard railroad rail. 3 is a tie plate placed beneath the rail and seated on the tie, said plate being provided on one side of the rail seat 4: with a rib or lug or lugs 5 against which one edge of the rail base 6 abuts, and is provided with a number of spike receiving holes 7 One or more of these holes are preferably formed on an incline through the plate, the incline extending in the direction underneath the rail base. Preferably at least two of the holes in the plate, such as two diagonally locat-ed holes will be so inclined, while if the plate has four holes the other two holes may be vertical, or if desired they also may be inclined. 8 represents a spike, the same comprising a shank of the usual form and overhanging head 9, which may be of the usual form but which preferably is at a lesser angle to the shank than in standard spikes, so that when the spike is driven in an inclined position the overhanging part of said head will embrace and fit closely against the upper face 10 of the rail base.

This spike when driven through the hole 7 is guided by the inclined wall 11 of said hole in an inclined direction downwardly and inwardly, that is, underneath the rail seat. Consequently the sp1ke is not as easily Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 1, 1917.

Serial No. 113,518.

withdrawn from the tie by the vibration of the rail, as if vertically driven. The lifting stresses due to the springing of the rail can not act directly in line with the axis of the spike, but exert a pressure along the upper inclined surface 12 of the spike, which is resisted by the wood lying above the inclined shank of the spike, whereas sidewise pressure of the rail against the head of the spike merely tends to oscillate or rotate the spike about the point 14- and increases the frictional hold of the spike against outward movement.

If desired the shank of the spike immediately below the head 9 may be provided with a slight notch 15, forming a shoulder which, when the spike is driven fully in, engages beneath the edge of the rail base, thus further reducing the liability of the spike being pulled out or loosened in the tie.

Preferably one spike on each side of the rail will be driven in the inclined position, the spike 16 shown in dotted lines being a spike driven in the same way on the opposite side of the rail; If four spikes are used in a tie plate all four may be driven in inclined positions, or if desired, only one on each side of the rail may be in such position, the

.other spikes being driven vertically in the ordinary way.

By insuring means for positively guiding the spike into inclined position the holding power of the spikes is greatly increased, and without increasing the cost of the spikes or tie plate or the labor of driving the spikes. The inclined holes can be readily punched through the tie plate and furnish positive guides for the spikes, and the spikes themselves can be made in the ordinary way and by means of the usual machinery for fabricating such spikes. The spike itself differs from ordinary spikes merely in the fact that the overhanging part of the head is formed at a lesser angle to the shank than in standard spikes, and the shank is provided with the notch 15 immediately beneath the over hanging portion of the head, which notch can be formed by the forging or bending dies used for fabricating the spi e.

The same guiding principle can be used for other spikes or a double spike such as shown in my application filed November 3, 1915, Serial Number 59,895.

What I claim is 1. In combination, a tie plate provided with a hole adjacent the rail seat, said hole being arranged to guide a spike in an inwardly inclined direction, and a spike adapted to be driven through said hole into the tie, and guided by said hole into an inwardly inclined position.

2. In combination, a tie plate provided with a hole adjacent the rail seat, said hole being arranged to guide a spike in an inwardly inclined direction, and a spike adapted to be driven through said hole into the tie and guided by said hole into an inwardly inclined position, said spike having an overhanging head at a lesser angle to the shank than in standard spikes.

3. In combination, a tie plate provided with a hole adjacent the rail seat, said hole having an inclined wall, and a spike adapted to be driven through said hole into the tie and guided by said inclined wall into an inclined position.

4. In combination, a tie plate provided with a hole adjacent the rail seat, said hole having an inclined wall, and a spike adapted to be driven through said hole into the tie and guided by said inclined wall into an inclined position, said spike having an overhanging head at a lesser angle to the shank than in standard spikes.

5. In combination, a tie plate provided with a hole adjacent the rail seat, said hole being inclined in a direction to extend underneath the rail seat, and a spike adapted to be driven through said hole into the tie and guided by the inclined walls of said hole into an inclined position.

6. In combination, a tie plate provided with a hole adjacent the rail seat, said hole being inclined in a direction to extend underneath the rail seat, and a spike adapted to be driven through said hole into the tie and guided by the inclined walls of said hole into an inclined position, said spike having an overhanging head arranged at a lesser angle to the shank than in standard spikes.

7. In combination, a tie plate provided with a hole adjacent the rail seat, said hole being inclined in a direction to extend underneath the rail seat, and a spike adapted to be driven through said hole into the tie and guided by the inclined walls of said hole into an inclined position, said spike being provided on its shank below the head with a shoulder adapted to engage the rail base.

8. A railroad spike adapted to be driven into a tie provided with a head projecting toward one side and at a lesser angle to the shank than in standard spikes.

9. A railroad spike provided with an overhanging head inclined toward the shank on one side and with an upwardly facing shoulder on its shank below said head and on the side of the shank toward which the head is inclined.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

JAMES F. CRAVEN.

Witnesses:

GLENN H. Lnnnsonn, A. E. JOHNSON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Iatents,

- Washington, D. G.

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