US1222383A - Machine for crushing or grinding. - Google Patents

Description

G. H. FRASER. MACHINE FOR CRUSHING 0R GRIND! APPLICATION FILED JUNE 29. I9I5- Patented Apr. 10, 1917.

Lzwsm IIIII INVENTOR WITNESSES -12 H. FRASER, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

MACH FOR GRUSHING OR GRINDING.

original application filed March 16, 1905, Serial No. 250,474.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Renew iierial No. 1322 267.

Divided and this application filed June 29, 1915. Serial .o. u I

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, GEORGE H. FRASER, a citizen of the United States of America, residing in the borough of Brooklyn, county of Kings, city and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Crushing or Grinding, of which the following is a specification, being a division of my application filed March 16, 1905, Serial No. 250,474.

This invention relates to machinery for crushing, grinding or pulverizing materials, and aims to provide certain improvements therein.

The invention relates more particularly to rock crusher-s of the type having a plurality of crushing rolls within an annular die in which the crushing is effected between the periphery of the rolls and the inner face of the die. One example of this type of crusher is shown in the patent of H. L. Kent, granted May 7, 1901, No. 673,856, in which the die revolves and is held in position by the rolls, which latter are carried by shafts held in bearings at the outside of the casing, the bearings being carried by slideways and pressed outwardly by springs, so that the rolls may slide in and out radially of the ring. The top roll in this patent is shown as supporting the ring yieldingly, and the sliding frames carrying the shafts are of sectional construction, and both guide the shafts and transmit the crushing pressure from the springs to them.

My present invention aims to provide an improved crusher or pulverizer especially applicable to this general type.

To this end in carrying out my present invention in its preferred form, I provide an improved arrangement of die and rolls, improved means for carrying the roll shafts, improved means for guiding such shafts, and various details of improvement in the construction and arrangement of the various parts of the crusl er. all of which will be hereinaf er more fully set forth with reference to the accompanying drawing, which is a fragmentary side elevation of a pnlverizer embodying the preferred form of my invention, the view being partly broken away to show the yokes in mid-section.

leferring to the drawing, A the casing, B is the ring or die, C, C and are the crushing rolls. D, D and D are their shafts, E, E and E are their bearings, S S and S are the crushing springs, and (Z, (Z and d are adjusting screws.

The casing incloses the ring and rolls and supports them. The top roll in the construction shown carries the ring by acting against its inner face, and the other rolls press outwardlv against the inner face to crush the rock between their peripheries and such face. Their pressure may be adjusted by the springs and adjusting screws. The ring and rolls are driven in any suitable manner, as by driving the shaft D for example. The feed delivers the rock on to the inner face of the ring, and the crushed rock flows off the sides of the ring and falls out through an opening j in the bottom of the casing. The casing is made sectional to permit opening, as by being constructed as a base or bottom shell (4 and a cover or top shell b.

I will now describe in detail the preferred form of my improvements as illustrated in the drawing.

According to one feature of improvement, 1 guide the bearings for the several shafts by a swinging guide or pivotal connection, so that each can oscillate relatively to a predetermined aXis if its movement radially of the ring is necessary. I prefer to so guide each shaft bearing, and to carry all from the sections of the casing, which for this purpose I provide with transverse bearings or shafts g 9 the shaft 9 being connected to the bearing E by links 25 on opposite sides of the casing, and the shaft 9 being connected by similar links u to the bearings E and E These connections permit the bearings to rock toward and from the center of the ring, but support them against thrusts in the direction of drive of the ring, as well as in case of the lower hearings carrying part of their weight. The links are connected to the respective bearings by pins 6 traversing the ends of the links and holes in projections fen the bear- 10o ings. The links may be loosely connected to the shafts g, so that they can rock independently of each other. This construction attains a more advantageous guidance of the roll shafts than heretofore, and for) provides a much simpler and more econom1- cal means for correctly guiding them.

According to another feature of improvement. 1 provide a rigid bearing frame preferably consisting of a single U-shapedeast- 11o ing or yoke 2' straddling the casingand r e ceiving the ends of the shaft at opposite sides thereof, so that these ends are assured of parallel bearings, and the number of parts necessary is reduced to the minimum. The bearing end 9' of each yoke is planed and covered by a bearing cap 72, and the projections for the supporting links are preferably cast integral with the cap. Each yoke is a relatively heavy casting in order to give not only the strength necessary to rigidity, but the weight desirable to the necessary crushing pressure or inertia. 'Each yoke is preferably formed with a spring pocket Z for re ceiving the pressure spring, and has a screwthreaded aperture m for the corresponding adjusting screw. The spring pocket is formed in a central enlargement n on the outer side of the yoke, which is connected by a rib 0 and side flanges p with the bearing end j. The side flanges or legs of the yoke preferably converge toward the center as seen in the drawing.

According to another feature of improvement I preferably mount the top shaft so it can be adjusted vertically and so it can move upwardly in case of abnormal stress.

To retain the top yoke against falling sidewise, I prefer to provide a guide carried yieldingly by the casing, as the upwardly projecting guide 8. These guides loosely receive the yoke near its center and limit its motion in forward or rearward direction. For adjusting it vertically, I prefer to use an adjusting screw d screwing into its spring pocket Z, which screw may be adjusted directly or through suitable intermediate provisions to lift the yoke from the top casing. As shown, the casing is provided with a projection t, which is cylindrical and has a concave end. The projection t is similar to like projections t and t on the lower casing corresponding to the bearings D and D which projections on the casing are used as spring holding provisions for maintaining the spring in proper relation to the yoke in each instance. These are preferably long enough to support the outer end of the yoke through the medium of the spring, in case this is desired. The washer '0 is identical with similar washers which are used between the adjusting screw and spring for each of the lower yokes.

Another feature of improvement consists in utilizing the weight of the lower yokes as an auxiliary means of generating crushing pressure. This I preferably accomplish by utilizing the angularity of the pivoted supports for the bearings, so that the weight carried by them tends to force the rolls outwardly against the inner face of the ring, and preferably by supporting the lower bearings by pivotal connections so disposed that the tendency of these to fall under their weight is resisted by the pivotal support in such way as to use the latter in the nature ofa toggle joint. As shown, this is done by supporting each lower yoke by a link uwhich is fulcriuned to the lower casing at J and to the yoke at a, so that it movably supports the yoke from the casing, and tends to move the yoke outwardly as the link is depressed. To carry the link a the cap is formed with ears f between which the link is pivoted, and the base is provided with the shaft 9 below. and intermediate of the rolls and on which the links u are pivoted.

In machines of this character the crushing pressure has been carried on the bearings. When the machine is empty, the rolls run directly against the face of the ring, but when i'naterial is fed on to the inner face the rolls are more or less separated from this face by the thickness of the layer of material being crushed which rests on the face. The greater this thickness the greater the crushing pressure to be resisted by the bearings.

In crushcrs of this type the ring is generally provided with a concave crushing face, and the rolls with convex faces.

In operation, the ring and rolls will be driven to make the side of the ring near the feed end of the casing move in a down ward direction, and at suiiicient speed to cause the material to be crushed to be held on the inner face of the ring by centrifugal force. The feed will enter through the chutes, fall on to the inner face of the ring, and be crushed as it passes the rolls. The speed of feed will be adjusted to approximately maintain a predetermined depth of material on the inner face of the ring. The weight of the crushing parts alone, or the tension of the crushing springs alone, or both combined, will be used to produce the crushing power.

In the machine shown, traction is relied on for driving the lower crushing rolls, and the ring is driven by traction from the top roll, so that it will be apparentthat there may be variations in the relative movements of the several shafts.

In operation, when the top roll is mounted free to move upwardly, it will be adjusted vertically to the desired position. The other rolls will be pressed against the ring by their weight acting through their swinging supporting links or by their pressure springs, as desired. The direction of drive of the top shaft will be such that the top of the ring will move toward the feed roller C Feed will be discharged on the inner face of the ring in front of the feed roll. The material fed will travel around with the ring and be crushed as it passes the rolls. The latter will move inwardly and outwardly according to the depth of material on the inner face of the ring, and will follow the movements of the ring. The speed of feed will be suitably adjusted. As the ring lowers with wear of the top roll, the top yoke will be moved upwardly by its adjusting screw.

It will be seen that my invention provides improvements which can be variously and advantageously availed of, and it will be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular combination of features and details of construction or arrangement herein described as constituting its preferred form, but that it can be employed in whole or in part according to such modifications as circumstances or the judgment of those skilled in the art may dictate, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

As shown, the top roll is guided by a link 25* having a fulcrum above the center of the ring, and inwardly of its internal crushing face and below the axis of the roll, and the lower rolls are guided by divergent outwardly inclined compression members or links M having fulcrums below such center, intermediate of and below the lower rolls and inwardly of orabove the lower part of the-internal crushing face of the ring.

As shown, the outer end of each lower yoke is additionally guided by a link H, which is fulcrumed to the lower casing at I and to the yoke at J, so that it movably supports this end of the yoke from the easing and tends to move the end of the yoke outwardly as the outer end of the link is de pressed. To carry the link H, the yoke is formed with ears to to which the link is pivoted, and the base is formed with ears :0 to which the link is pivoted.

What I claim is l. The combination with a revolving annular die and a crushing roll therein having bearings at the opposite sides of said die, of a guide for said bearings comprising a pivotal shaft extending through the interior of said die and mounted to oscillate on an axis parallel with that of said die.

2. The combination with a revolving annular die and a crushing roll therein having bearings at the opposite sides thereof, of a shaft mounted on an axis parallel with that of said die and extending through the latter, and links connected to said shaft at opposite sides of said die and connected to said bearings for guiding the latter.

3. In combination, an annular crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, a rotatable crushing roll within and eccentric of said die, disposed near the upper part thereof and having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face of the latter, two rotatable crushing rolls movable toward and from each other within and eccentric of said die, disposed near the lower part thereof and each having a-peripheral crushgenerate a crushing pressure toward the latter.

4. In combination, an annular crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, two rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentric of said die, each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face of the latter, means for revolving one of said parts, non-rotative members movable toward and from each other on which said rolls are rotatively mounted respectively, and means inwardly of and intermediate of and acting against two of said n0nrotativc members for pressing said rolls outwardly away from one another toward the inner face of said die to generate a crushing pressure toward the latter.

5. In combination, -an annular crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, two rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentric of said die, each having a peripheral 100 crushing face reciprocal to the inner face of the latter, means for revolving one of said parts, non-rotative means movable toward and from one anotheron which said rolls are rotatively mounted respectively, and 395 means for pressing said non-rotative means outwardly away from one another mounted inwardly of the periphery of said die at the inner side of said non-rotative means respectively, and acting against said non-rotative 110 means respectively for pressing said rolls outwardly away from one another toward the inner face of said die to generate a crushing pressure toward the latter.

6. In combination, an annular crushing 1 5 die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, a rotatable crushing roll within and eccentric of and disposed near the upper part of said die, two rotatable crushing rolls movwe able toward and from each other mounted on axes below said upper roll within and eccentric of said die, said rolls each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the internal face of said die, means for revolv- 25 and pressing means disposed inwardly of 130 s: it

the axes of said lower rolls respectively and at the inner side of said non-rotative members respectively and acting downwardly and outwardly toward said non-rotative members respectively for pressing said lower rolls away from one another toward the inner face of said die to resist a crushing pressure therefrom.

7. In combination, a crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, a rotatable crushing roll within and eccentric of said die, disposed near the upper part thereof and having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face of the latter, means for revolving one of said parts, means pressing said roll upwardly in said die, and non-rotative means on which said roll is rotatably mounted pivotally mounted on an axis inwardly of the crushing face of said die.

8. In combination, a crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, a rotatable crushing roll within and eccentric of said die, disposed near the upper part thereof, and having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the crushing face of said die, means for revolving one of said parts, means for pressing said roll upwardly to resist a crushing pressure from the inner face of said die, and non-rotary upwardly movable means on which said roll is rotatably mounted at a point inwardly of the internal face of said die.

9. In combination, an annular crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, a movable and rotatable crushing roll within, eccentric of, and disposed near the upper part of, said die, and having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the crushing face of the latter, means for revolving one of said parts, and non-rotary upwardly movable means on which said roll is rotatably mounted extending through the interior of said die.

10. In combination, an annular crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, a rotatable crushing roll within and eccentric of said die, disposed near the upper part thereof and having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the crushing face of said die, means for revolving one of said parts, and non-rotary means at each side of said roll on which said roll is rotatably mounted connected through the interior of said die.

11. In combination, an annular crushing die having an internal crushing face, a rotatable crushing roll within and eccentric of said die, disposed above its center and near the upper part thereof, and having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the crushing face of said die, means for revolving one of said parts, and non-rotary swinging means on which said roll is rotatably mounted pivotally mounted below the axis of said roll. 7

12. In combination, a revolvingcrushing die having an internal crushing face, a movable and rotatable crushing roll within and eccentric of said die and having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the crushing face thereof, means for revolving one of said parts, swinging means on which said roll is rotatably mounted, and a pivotal axle or stud extending through the interior of said die and on which said swinging means are pivotally mounted.

13. In combination, a revolving crushing die having an internal crushing face, a rotatable crushing roll within and eccentric of said die and having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the crushing face thereof, means for revolving one of said parts, movable means on which said roll is rotatably mounted, and pivotally mounted means pivotally engaging said movable means and pivotally mounted on an axis parallel with the axis of said roll disposed inwardly of the inner face of said die.

14. In combination, a crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, a rotatable crushing roll within and eccentric of said die and having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the internal face thereof, means for revolving one of said parts, and swinging means on which said roll is rota tably mounted pivotally mounted on an axis inwardly of said die and below the axis of said roll.

15. In combination, a crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, a rotatable crushing roll within and eccentric of said die and having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the crushing face thereof, means for revolving one of said parts, nonrotary means movable downwardly and outwardly in an inclined plane on which said roll is rotatably mounted, and outwardly and downwardly inclined means mounted inwardly of the inner face of said die and on which said non-rotary means are movably mounted.

16. In combination, an annular crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, a rotatable crushing roll within and eccentric of said die and having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the crushing face thereof, means for revolving one of said parts, non-rotary movable means on which said roll is rotatably mounted, and inclined means extending through the interior of said die and on which said non-rotary means are movably mounted.

17. In combination, an annular crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, a rotatable crushing roll within and eccentric of said die, disposed below the upper part of the latter, and having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the crushing face of said die, means for revolving one of said parts, and means on which said roll is rotatably mounted comprising a swinging member and a pivotal axle or stud disposed below said roll and extending hrough said die.

18. In combination, an annular crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, two rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentric of said die and each having a crushing face reciprocal to the crushing face thereof, means for revolving one of said parts, non-rotary means on which sald rolls are rotatably mounted, and two swinging members pivotally mounted below said rolls and pivotally engaging said non-rotary members.

19. In combination, an annular crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, two rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentric of said die and each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the internal face thereof, means for revolving one of said parts, non-rotary means on which said rolls are rotatably mounted respectively, and downwardly and outwardly reversely in clined means disposed inwardly of the inner face of said die and on which said non-rotary means are movably mounted respectively.

20. In combination, an annular crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, two rotatable crushing rolls within and cocentric of said die and each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the crushing face thereof, means for revolving one of said parts, and oppositely inclined non-rotative swinging means on which said rolls are rotatably mounted respectively pivotally mounted inwardly of the inner face of said die. I

21. In combination, an annular crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, two rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentric of said die and each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face thereof, means for revolving one of said parts, and non-rotary swinging means on which said rolls are rotatably mounted respectively pivotally mounted below and intermecliate of said rolls.

22. In combination, an annular crushing die having an internal crushing face, a plurality 0f rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentric of said die and each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face thereof, means for revolving one of said parts, and non-rotary means on which said rolls are rotatably mounted respectively pivotally mounted intermediate of two of said rolls.

23. In combination, a crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, two rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentric of said die and each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inne face thereof, means for revolving one of said parts, nonrotary means movable downwardly obliquely away from each other on which said rolls are rotatably mounted respectively, and means intermediate of said non-rotary means for pressing them away from one another to generate a crushing pressure toward the inner face of said die.

24. In combination, an annular crushing die having an internal crushing face, two rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentric of said die and each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face thereof, means for revolving one of said parts, means movable outward and from each other on which said rolls are rotatably mounted respectively, and expansively acting means between and inclined relative to the path of movement of said non-rotative means pressing the latter away from one another to generate a crushing pressure toward the inner face of said die.

25. In combination, an annular crushing die having an internal crushing face, two rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentric of said die and each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face thereof, means for revolving one of said parts, non-rotative means movable inwardly and outwardly toward and from each other on which said rolls are rotatably mounted respectively, and pressing means between and pressing said movable means outwardly and inclined relative to the paths of movement of the latter.

26. In combination, a crushing die revolving in an approximately vertical plane and having an internal crushing face, two rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentric of said die and each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face thereof, means for revolving one of said parts, nonrotary means movable toward and from each other in downwardly and outwardly inclined paths, and means between said non-rotary means and acting thereon for moving them away from one another.

27. In combination, an annular crushing die having an internal crushing face, three rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentric of said die and each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face thereof, means for revolving one of said parts, means movable toward and from each other on which two of said rolls are rotatably mounted respectively, and means between and acting on said movable means for pressing them away from one another to resist a crushing pressure from the inner face of said die.

28. In combination, an annular crushing die having an internal crushing face, three rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentric of said die and each having a peripheral crusiiing face reciprocal to the inner face thereof, means movable toward and from each other on which two of said rolls are rotatably mounted respectively, and swinging members between and acting on said movable means respectively for holding said rolls away from one another to resist a crushing pressure from the inner face of said die.

29. In combination, an annular crushing die having an internal crushing face, a plurality of rotatable crushing rolls within and eccentric of said die and each having a pe ripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face thereof, means for revolving one of saidparts, means movable toward and from each other on which two of said rolls are rotatably mounted respectively, and divergently inclined means disposed above the aXes of said rolls respectively and inwardly of said movable means respectively acting on said movable means respectively to hold said rolls outwardly away from one another to resist a crushing pressure upon the inner face of said die.

30. In combination, an annular crushing die having an internal crushing face, a plurality of rotatable rolls within and eccentric of said die and each having a peripheral crushing face reciprocal to the inner face thereof, means for revolving one of said parts, means movable toward and from each other on which two of said rolls are rotatably mounted respectively, and divergently acting compression means between and acting outwardly on twoof said movable means to hold said rolls mounted thereon outwardly to resist a crushing pressure from the inner face of said die.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGE H. FRASER. lVitnesses SIGVARD G. HELLEM, HARRY M. BRAND.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

Images