US1216096A - Apparatus for burning liquid fuel. - Google Patents

Description

C. ELLIS.

APPARATUS FOR BURNING LIQUID F IEL.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 22, m2. RENE-WED JULY n. 1916.

1,21 6,096. Patented Feb. 13, 1917.

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CARLETDN ELLIS, or 'mon'rc am, 'nnwusnssr, ASSIG so: To nanum'r nrwrnre mrrnn, or Anni-my, mans, ENGLAND, .a conrona' non or an rmnm.

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1,21aooo. no or men Patented Feb. 13,1917. Application filed April 22, 1912.8erla1 No. 692,288. Renewed July 11, 1918. Serial No. 108,782.

7b olt'whom'it maycoaocm: able foundatf on or sup art 9, althoughv of a it known that I, Gammon Ennis, a course the di ivice may be mounted in any of the United States, and resident of other desired way.

ir, Essex county, New Jersey, have Suitable he ating tubes or units may be arc 1.,Jttllll new and useful Inventions Reranged in a]. desired way in cooperation 60 lating to Apparatus for Burning Li aid with the bof or or heating device and as Fuel, of: which the following is a speci caillustrated any desired number of heating tiou taken in connection with the accomtubes 10 may be vertically arranged within I panying drawing, which forms part of the the boiler by mountin them within the 10 same. tube sheets H and 3. hese heating tubes 65 This invention relates to apparatuisl for may be three to five inches or soin internal lmrning oil or other volatile or vaporieable diameter and long enough to effect the dc liquid fuel by first gasiiying the fuel by heat sired cooling, of the combustion gases and produced by the burning of a portion thereutilization oi the heat thusdeveloped. These of, andthen mixing the resulting gases and heating tub as may be substantially uni- 7 vapors with air in proportions toform an formly pacl ed with suitable granu ar reexplosive gaseous mixture, and burning the fractory ma1erial 11 such as fire clay, ma

' same in 'a porous and permeable bed of renesite or the like, preferably of substantial y v fractory material to which the mixture is uniform size such as lumps between one-half supplied at a high velocity. The invention and three-ql arter inch mesh, such granular 75 has been made especially with the idea oi refractory material in the lower part of providing an improved steam boiler or other each tube f rmin a porous and permeable apparatus for evaporating or heating water combustion 1 led. The granular material may or other liquids, and for this purpose the extend upward in the tube as shown to serve porous and permeable combustion bed 1 n as a deflecting, mixing and heatin bed to which the explosive gaseous mixture 15 incr s the tra smi mn f h at m the burned may be formed of a mass of granular tube to the surrounding li uid. The lower refractory material filled into a suitable and of each tube is preferab y provided with beating tube which extends through the hqa, suitable r1 =fractory plug such as 12 of fire uid to be heated, the granular refractory la r th lik form d with one or more nutterial best filling the tube forna considerconstricted injection passages 13 and able distance beyond the place or zone where referably with one or more suitable air incombustion takes place so that the hot gases, ets 14 thrc u 'h which air may be supplied of combustion in passing throu h the tube in a y d i e wa as for i stance from the l will be deflected against its wa ls, and the air box 17 :Forme between the tube sheet 3 1 whole mass of refractory material within and the auxiliary sheet 16 through which the tube will also be highly heated. the tubes extend. In this way airfor In the accompanying drawing showing in through the air pipe 18 in amounts governed I a somewhat diagrammatic way in vertical by the'air alve 19 kee s the air box under section ail-illustrative embodiment of this the desired pressure 0 six to eight ounces 95 invei'lticm, an upright form of boiler 01' or so and iupplies the desired amountsof evaporatin apparatus is indicated as be "air througl, theair inlets'so as to m1x with ing provid d with the shell 1 in which suitand form an explosive gaseous imxture able tube shegits such as 2, 3 may be arranged burning wi thin the granular refractory main any desir .d way. The shell may be con terialr By locating this refractory lug 12 nccted with the smoke-box casing 5 with substantial ,y at the junction ofthe eating which av suitable exhaust flue 6 connected to tube and trim sheet 3 undesirable localize a stack or exhaust fan may be arranged so heating at this point is of course minimized. as to carry off the. combustion gases and it Each of the heating tubes is preferably com is of: course desirable to employ suitable ia nected with a suitable combustion or gas ging or non-conducting packing such as *i forming ciamber whiclnmay as indicated around the shell and connected parts tohave the sheet metal casing 20. a suitminimize radiation losses. The shell fl may, able firecay or other refractory limng 21 V if desired, be provided with a flange or supwhile filled with granular refractory port such as 8 which may rest upon a sultmaterial 2 such as lumps or piece! of fire no clay, magncsite or other suitable refractory material of one-fourth to half inch mesh or so preferably having a decided'combustion accelerating action.

These combustion or gas forming chambers may conveniently be arranged within a suitable firing chamber 36 and each combustion chamber may be provided with an injecting pipe such as 24, which may be located substantially in line with the supply passage l5 communicating with the injecting passage and heating tube atthe other end of the chamber. This injecting pipe may be supplied in any desired way with a fine spray or jet of oil or oily combustible material, such for instance, as stripped crude petroleum "or petroleum distillate, fuel oil or more volatile oil such as petroleum or bcnzin if desired. Inthe illustrative arrangement indicated the oil may be supplied under pressure to this injecting pipe through asuita le spraying or other nozzle 30 on the oil pipe 31 connected by means of' the valve 32 with the oil line In this way a spray or jet of oil is' formed within the injector casing 25and in ecting pipe 2% and if desired a blast of air, steam or other gaseous material may be simultaneously injected thercinto so as to carry the oil into contact with the normally highly heated refractory material within the combustion chamber.-

The air, steam or other blast may be supplied to the injector casing through the pipe 26 having the regulating valve 27 therein so as to determine the amount of gaseous material supplied through the blast pipe 28 which may if desired have the control valve 29 therein. It is also desirable in some cases to have additional air ports such as 23 formed in the combustion chamber preferably adjacent the injecting pipe and air may be supplied thereto by the air supply pipe 40 which may be provided with the supply valve ll so as to regulate the amount and pressure of air within the firing chamber which should be maintained under a pressure of 8 to 12 ounces or so. This air serves to cool to a considerable extent the combustion chambers arranged in this firing chamber and the air is thus heated considerably when it passes through the air ports into the combustion chambers for utilizationtherein.

.Theapparatus may be started in any suitable way as ;for instance by forcing coal gas or other combustible gaseous material through the blast line 28 or preferably through the communicating gas line 42 in amounts controlled by the gas valve 43- so that this gas passes into each combustion chamber and heating tube so that it may be ignited by any suitable means inserted through asuitable igniting door or normally closed 0 ening .39 in the SIllOkG-bOX. The gas flashes. ack through the granular material so as to burn in the combustion chamber adjacent the injecting pipe in all of the cone larly supplied to the combustion chambers through the injecting pipes in the manner indicated by opening the oil control valve 34 and also if desired opening the blast valve 29 so as to supply a spray of oil to the highly heated refraetorv material in the combustion chambers so as to effect sufficient combustion of the oil to maintain the heat of the granular material and also to form an explosive gaseous mixture from the oil and such additional air may be. mixed or incorporated therewith, The oil may thus be cracked and vaporized by the combustion of only a relatively small proportion thereof if desired and may be mixed with additional air supplied thereto as through the air in lets 1-1 so as to form an explosive gaseous mixture which. is injected at high velocity through the injecting passage 13/ into the granular refractory material ll'within the heating tube itself. The combustible is here burn'd under ideal conditions within the inte: tices or poresof the lumps of highly heated granular material which exert an intense combustion accelerating action so that the heat developed in the i-ef'ract orymaterial;

may be utilized by transmission outward through the walls of the tubesinto the surroui'iding water or other liquid-in the water space 38 of the boiler or evaporator. Any combustion which takes place in tlie combustion chamber serves not only to maintain the heat of the granular material therein, but, also heats the treated combustible material discharged from the combustion chamber through the supply port 15 into the ad jacent heating tube so that any sensible heat is utilized in the heating tube Whileany unconsumed combustible is burned in the slight excess of air or other supporter of combustion preferably supplied in the tube so as to secure high combustion efiicienc n The combustion chamber and" connected heating tube containing granular refractory material thus form a simple and efiiei'ent heating unit for the combustion of fuel oil or other oily material. The water or other liquor in the shell 1 is thus evaporated, the vapor collecting in a suitable steam space: such as 37 while the liquor which rapidly circulates upward around the tubes and between the same may descend in the outer portions space 38 adjacent the shell.

Having described this invention in connection with illustrative embodiments, forms, proportions, materials, and arrangement of see of the liquor l parts and orders of steps, to the details'bf which 'disclosure the invention is not of course to be limited, what is claimed? new and what is desired to be secured by Letters temperature therein, a combustion bed big a filling able combustion bed formed of granular refractory material, a restricted passage leading from the gas forming chamber to the combustion bed, means for supplying air to mix with' the gases from the gas forming chamber in proportions to form an explosive asoous mixture and to cause the explosive gaseous mixture thus formed to enter the combustion bed ata high velocity, and means for controlling the amount of gas burned in the combustion bed by controlling the amount of fuel fed to the gas forming chamber,

' 2. Apparatus. forburning liquid fuel comprising a forming chambercontaim o granular refracto material, means for mjectin liquid fuel an a limited supply of combustion supporter into the fillmaterial in said chamber in ing of refractory to effect partial combustion of thefuel within the chamber and to maintain a vaporizing temperature therein, a .porous and permeof refractory material,

a restricted passage leading frqm' -the gas a: su ply of combustion supporter into the fil ing of refractory material in saidfiihamforming chamber to the combustion bed, means for supplying air to mix'with the gases from the gas fprming chamber in proportions to form an explosive gaseous m1;- ture a'nd to cause the explosive gaseous mixture thus formed to enter the combustion 3. 'Apparatus for burmngliq'uid flicl comprising a as forming chamber containing a.

granular refractory material,.

filling 0 means for injecting liquid fuel and a limited her to effect partial combustion of the fuel Within'the chamber andto maintain a vaporizing temperature therein, means for supplying gaseousfuel'for reliminarily heatmg the refractory material in said chamber;

a. porous and permeable combustion bed re ractorv material, a restricted leading from the gas forming chamber-to the combustion bed, means for supplying air to mixwith the gases from the gas forming chamber in proportions to form ari explosive gaseous mixture andj'to cause the explosive tegllperutu c therein,

' mil: with ;he gas passing throng to mix with the gas passing.

gaseous mi :ture thus formed to enter the combustion bed at a high velocity, and means for controlling the amount of gas burned in the combustion bed by controlling the amount of fuel fed to the gas forming chamber.

4. An apparatus for burning liquid fuel comprising a gas forming chamber containing refractory material, means for injecting liquid fuel and a limited supply of combustion supporter partial combustion of the fuel within the chamber [lid to maintain a vaporizing tcmperature therein, a consuming device for maintaining continuous'and localized combustion of an explosive gaseous mixture, an outletleading from said chamber dircctlyto 'the consuming device, and means for supplymg of refractory material, means for inject-- lnto said cham m to effect ing liquid fuel and a limited supply of combustion supporter into the filling of refractory material in each of said chambers to effect part al combustion of the fuel within thd chamber, and to maintain a vvaporizing a plurality of consul.- dci'ices each formed to maintain localiz and continuous combustioh of an explosiyt: gaseous mixture, a restricted passe e leading frim each gas forming chamber ireglsly to one of the consuming deviceg,

m'lnsfor supplying air under pressureto 1 "each said passage in proportions to form an explosive gaseous mixture, and means for controlling the amour t of gas burned in the oonsulnin devices by controlling the amount of fue fed to the gas forming chamber. bed at a high velocity, and means for con-- trolling the amount of gas burned in'theliquid mamorming chambers permeable filling 6. .Appl .rat-us for burnin prising a )lurality of gas containing a porous and "of refrac ;ory material, an injecting pipe leading i! to each said chamber, fuel supblast pipe connecting with to supply liquid fuel and thereto under pressure, a

last line and a gas li-ne connectin with each said blast pipe, means forsupplygg, air 8 forming 1 hambers in proportionstli form an explosive gaseous mixture, and means for a a v maintain] Pl P p s, each injec ting p1 ascous -n iatena procomprisil lgmeans for liquid fun by heat simultaneou developed by partial combustion: of the fl; and means for conti nuously supplying the liquid fuel ng localized andooxttinuous com- "bastion (fthe gaseous mixture to said gas forming-Moe, with a gas oonsuming device, a supply connection for the pussadge of the hot gases from the supply ei'ice directly to the consuming de- 5 vice. means for supplying air to mix with thehot gases between ehe supply device and the consuming;- device iii proportionate amount to form an explosive gaseous mixture, and means folcontrolling the rate of sup 1 of liulid fuel to the su fly device 10 P B l l I and t reb vontrolling the amount of heat developed in the ('nnsllming device.

' 4 CARLETON ELLIS.

Witnesses:

IIARRY L. Duxmx, Jessie B. KAY.

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