US1212981A - Hoisting mechanism. - Google Patents

Description

F, a c. E. mms.

. HOISTIIIG IECHANISI.

APPLICATIDI FILED OCT. 5, 1914.

Emma Jan. 16,1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

' F. C; E: MARIS- HOISTING "mums". Armcmou min ocr. 5.1914.

Patnfed Jan.116, 1917.

' 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

F. Jr C. E. MARIS- HOISTING IEQHANISI- APPLICATION mm on. i, 1914.

Patented Jan. 16,1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3- 4 1 *flw 2 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

' FRANK MABIS AND CHARLES E. MARIS, OF LANSDOWNE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNORS TO ANNA PICKERING MARIS AND ELIZABETH PENNOCK MALRIS, BOTH OF LANS- nownn, rmmsrnvnmn.

HOISTING MECHANISM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 16, 1917.

' cation.

One object of our invention is to provide a motor-driven hoist which shall include a novel and relatively'simple as well as a compact combination of parts for transmitting power from the motorto the hoisting drum;

the invention contemplating a novel form of automatically acting holding means for pre- Venting revolution of the drum when the motor ceases to act.

A further object of the invention is to provide novel means for supporting the gearing connecting the motor with the hoisting drum whereby the action of a load on said drum shall cause the gearingto apply a clutch to prevent revolution of the drum when the electric current or other motive power is cut off from the motor.

Another object of the invention is to provide novel means for maintaining the holding clutch of a hoisting apparatus out of action when the driving motor is 1n operation.

These objects and other advantageous ends we secure as hereinafter set forth, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which,

Figure 1, isa vertical longitudinal section of a hoisting apparatus constructed according to our invention; Fig. 2, is an end elevation of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3,

is a transverse section on the line a-a Fig. 1

Fig.4, is a horizontal section on the line b?) Fig. 2; Fig. 5, is a perspective view of certain of the parts included in our invention,

and Fig. 6, is a diagrammatic representation 2 "of the connections between the electromagnetic winding and the motor controller.

In the above drawings, ,1 represents an electric motor which may be of any desired construction and may. obviously be replaced in some cases by other sources of motive power without departing from our lnventlon.

This motor is rigidly fixed to an elongated frame or casing whose parts are indicated at 2,3, 4, and 5, and which at a suitable pointprovides a bearing for a prolongation 6 of the armature shaft 7 of saidmotor to which It is operatively connected by a coupling 8. The part 2 of the casing structure serves as a spacer between the motor and the part 3 and this latter section provides a bearing for one end of the hoisting drum 9, whose opposite end has a sleeve portion extended through a partition 10 of the casing section 4 and journaled in asleeve 11 therein. The extended end of the drum has keyed or otherwise fixed to it a gear 12 by means of which it is rotated.

In the chamber formed by partsd and 5 of the casing sections and rotatably mounted on the sleeve 11 and on a second sleeve 13 carried by part ofthe casing section 5, is aframe 14 consisting of two end members suitably connected together and providing bearings for two shafts 15 and 16. On the first of these are mounted a large gear 17 able head 22 which in this instance carries on its outer face an. annular electro-magnetic winding 23 which may be made in two or more separately energiz'able sections and having as an armature a flanged plate or cap 24 mounted on a core structure 25 concentric with the winding. As 'shown in 4, this plate 24 has fixed to it a pair of bars 26 extending through and guided by the head 22, while their innerends are rigidly connected to a circular plate or disk 27 within a chamber 5 of the casing 5. In this chamber are mounted two series of, annular plates 28 and 29 of which those of the first series alternate with those of the other series and are recessed for the r eception of thebars 26, being held from turning by means of lugs on the inner surface of the chamber 5 engaging corresponding notches at the outer edge of theplates 28.

The plates of the second series are keyed or otherwise fixed to a sleeve 30 attached to the end of the motor driven shaft 6 so as to be turned thereby. These parts are so designed and proportioned that when the winding of the electro-magnet 23 is enertardation of the revolution of the shaft 6.

At that end of the series of plates adjacent the electro-magnet 23 is an abutment plate .28 toward which all of the other plates are pressed under certain conditions. While the carrier frame 14 is rotatably mounted, its movement about its axis is extremely limited, since adjacent .one of its transverse members 31 there is provided within the casing section 5 an abutment 32, and on the opposite side of said frame a second transverse member 33 is so placed asto lie immediately adjacent or in contact with one arm of a bell crank lever 34 mounted on a pivot or fulcrum 35 carried by the frame section 5. Also fulcrumed on a suitable pivot 36 is an arm 37, in thepresent case extending horizontally across the upper part of the casing section 5 in such a .pos1t1on that it is engaged adjacent its fulcrum by the second arm, of the bell-crank lever 34 while its extremity engages a third lever 38. This latter is in the form of an arm having two branches, each of which has a projecting lug 39 extending into engagement with the pressure plate 27 on the bars 26; this same arm having also a right angle extension 40 forming a fulcrum which is seated in a recess of the section 5 so as to allow movement of said arm.

Under conditions of use the motor 1 has all or a portion of its windings connected in circuit or through a shunt vwith the electro-magnetic winding 23, so that whenever it is driven in a direction to raise a load, the plate 24 is drawn toward the head 22 and, through the bars 26, holds the pressure plate 27 away from the other plates .of the holding clutch, thereby permittingfree turning of the shaft 6. This latter, therefore, turns the hoisting drum 9 through the I gears 21, 17, 19, 20, and 12 to raise a load.

If for any reason the current driving the motor should fail or be cut oil, the load on vthe hoisting drum would at once tend to cause rotation thereof, with the result that the gear12, by reason of its engagement with the gear 20 on the carriage 14, rotates said carriage in a clockwise direction in Fig. 3, or counterclockwise in Fig. 2, causing its member 33 to press upwardly against the arm of the bell-crank lever 34.. This latter then exerts pressure upon the lever 37 which in turn presses the lugs 39 of the lever 28 against the pressure plate 27 with a force proportional to that tending to rotate the drum, plus a force due to the weight of certain of the parts. This pressure causes the plates 29 to be gripped and held by the aeraeer plates 28 so that the shaft 6 with the train of gears and consequently the hoisting drum, is effectually held from turning.

The connections of the controller which governs the operation of the motor are such that the electro-magnet 23 is energized only when said motor is operatedin a direction to hoist the load attached to the drum and when the load is being lowered the drum is ordinarily driven by the motor without the pressure on the plate 27 being released. In certain cases the electro-magnet 23 may be made in a number of sections and the controller so constructed andv connected that when the load is being lowered, one or more of these sections is energized so that a portion of the retarding force due to the clutch is neutralized. Thus in Fig. 6 we have shown the magnet winding as divided into two parts 23 and 23", both of which are in circuit when the motor controller is so operated as to cause its movable contacts 50 and 51 to engage its fixed contacts 52 and 53 respectively, one of which is connected to a source of current supply while the other is in connection with controller contacts governing the flow of current to the motor. Under these conditions the motor would operate to hoist a load and as above pointed out, the

magnet 23 being fully energized, would cause complete release of the clutch.

When the controller is operated to lower the load, the fixed contacts 52 and 53 thereof are engaged by the movable contacts 54 and 55, thus-causing but a portion 23 of the coil 23 to be supplied with current so that a certain amount of force is exerted to slack off the pressure holding the clutch plates together.

Obviously if desiredthe contacts 54 and 55 with their connections may be omitted.

so that the clutch is released while the' motor is hoisting and exerting its full retarding force when it is lowering. .In any case when current is supplied to the motor to hoist the load the electro-magnet is energized and through the system of levers swings the frame 14 with its gears about the shaft 6 as an axis until the pressure on the brake is released, after Which the gears are driven in the customary manner. 'The cutting ofl of the current from the motor at once causes the holding clutch to come into action as above described.

In designing the above described apparatus the parts are so proportioned that the pressure on the clutch plates is such. as to cause suificient friction to balance the tendency of the load to rotate the drum, plus a slight excess suflicient to bring the load to a stop and hold it when. the hoisting current is cut ofl. This excess pressure is practically constant with varying loads.

effected by driving it down with the brake a bodily rotatable structure for transmit-1,

ting power from the motor to the drum; and holding mechanism automatically actuated by bodily rotation of said structure for preventing revolution of saiddrum under predetermined conditions. I

2. The combination in a hoisting apparatus of a motor; a drum; gearing of which a portion is bodily, rotatable connecting the motor and the drum; and holding mechanism actuated by bodilyrotation of a portion of said gearing for preventing, revolution of said drum under predetermined conditions.

3. The combination in a hoisting apparatus of a motor; a 'drum; means including gearing for transmitting power from the motorto' the drum; a holding clutch; and a lever mechanism actuated by said gearing for causing said power transmitting means to apply the clutch to prevent revolution of the drum under predetermined conditions.

4;. The combination in a hoisting apparatus of a motor; a drum; means for operatively connecting said motor and drum, including gearing and a rotatable member supporting a portion of said gearing and mounted to exert a pressure proportional to the load on the drum; with a clutch actuated by bodily rotation of said portion of the gearing for preventing rotation of the drum under predetermined conditions.

5. The combination in a hoisting apparatus of a motor; a drum; a rotatably mounted frame; gearing carried by the frame for operatively connecting'the motor V and the drum; and means actuated by the frame when the drum tends to turn in one direction, for preventing revolution of said drum.

6. The combination of a motor; a drum; means including a rotatable supporting element for transmitting power between said motor and drum; and a plate clutch connected to be actuated by pressure exerted by said element for applying to the drum a holding force proportional to the load tendin to rotate said drum.

The combination in a hoisting apparatus of a motor; a drum; a rotatably mounted frame; gearing mounted on said frame for operatively connecting the motor and the drum; a holding clutch; and lever mechanism actuated by the frame for applying the clutch to prevent revolution of the drum under predetermined conditions.

8. The combination in a hoisting mechanism of a motor; a drum; means including a rotary supporting element for transmitting power from the motor to the drum; a

holding clutch actuated by rotation of said element to pievent revolution of the drum when the motor is not in operation; and means for causing release: of said clutch when the motor is operated.

9. The combination in a hoisting mechanism of a motor; a drum; means including a rotary supporting element for transmitting power from the motor to the drum; a lever actuated by rotation of said element; a holding clutch actuated by said lever to prevent revolution of the drum when the motor is not in operation; and means for causing the release of said clutch when the motor is operated to cause the drum to hoist a load.

10. The combination in a hoisting apparatus of a motor; a drum; means for operatively connecting said motor and drum; a rotary member supporting certain elements of said means to permit of their bodily rotation; and a clutch actuated by said bodily rotation of said elements for preventing revolution of the drum under-predetermined conditions. I

11. The combination in a hoistingw mechanism of a motor; a drum; means for transmitting power from the motor to the drum; a holding clutch actuated by said means to prevent revolution of the drum when the motor is not in operation; and means for causin the release of said clutch when the motor 18 operated to cause the drum to hoist a load, the same being arranged .to exert a releasing force on the clutch when the motor is lowering a load. I

12. The combination in a hoisting apparatus of a motor; a drum; means including a rotatable element for transmitting power from the motor to thedrum; a clutch operated by rotation of said element to prevent revolution of the drum when the motor is not in operation; and electro-magnetic means for releasing the clutch when the mo tor operates the drum.- Q

13. The combination in a hoisting apparatus of a motor; a drum; means including gearing and a rotary supporting element for transmitting power from the motor to the drum; a clutch operated by rotation of said element under the action of thegearing to prevent revolution of the drum when the motor is not in operation; and 'electro-magnetic means for releasing the clutch when the motor operates the drum to hoist a load.

14. The combination in a hoisting apparatus of a motor; a drum; means including a bodily rotatable structure for transmitting power from the motor to the drum; a clutch operated by rotation of said structure to magnet in circuit with the motor when the latter operates the drum to hoist a load, for releasing the clutch. 15. The combination in a hoisting apparatus of a motor; a drum; a rotatably mounted frame; gearing on the frame for transmitting power from the motor to the drum; a clutch having a pressure plate; and a device connecting the frame and said plate for actuating the clutch. v 16. The combination in a hoisting apparatus of a motor; a drum; a rotatably mounted frame; gearing on the frame for transmitting power from the motor to the drum; a clutch having a pressureplate; a device connecting the frame and said plate for actuating the clutch; and an electromagnet in circuit with the'motor under certain conditions and operative on the pressure plate to release the clutch when the drum is driven to hoist a load.

17. The combination in a hoisting appanot in operation; electromagnetic means for a device for causin said electromagnetic means to exert a di erent amount of force on the clutch when the motor is hoisting from that exerted whenit is lowering a load. 18.- The combination in a hoisting apparatus of a motor; a drum; means for transmitting power fromthe-motor to the drum; a clutch operated by said means to prevent revolution of the drum when the motor is not in operation; a sectional electromagnet operative to exert areleasing force on the clutch and means for energizing all or a part of the sections of said magnet at will.

In testimony whereof, We have signed our names to this specification, in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRANK MARIS. CHAS. E. MARIS.

\ exerting a releasing force on the clutch; and

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