US1198235A - Alternating-current motor. - Google Patents

Description

, H. W. JEANNIN.

ALTERNATING CURRENT MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED JAN-29, I916.

Patented Sept. 12, 1916.

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H. W. JEANNIN:

AL'TERNATING CURRENT MOTOR.

APPLICATION man IAN-29,1916.

1,198,235. Patented-Se t. 12,1916.

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H. w. JEANNI'NJ ALTERNATING CURRENT MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED N129. 1916.

1,198,235. 1 Patented Sept. 12, 1916.

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WI TNESSES INVEN TOR W flak/y IIZL/ea/Z/ZI/Z ATTORNEYS STATES HARRY WALLACE J EANNIN, OF WARREN, OHIO.

ALTERNATING-CURRENT MOTOR.

Application filed January 29, 1916.

so constructed as to start by repulsion and run normally by induction, the change from one method of operation to the other being effected by means for throwing off the brushes from the commutator and engaging a short circuiting device therewith.

The invention has for its general objects to improve and simplify the construction and operation of machines of the character referred to and particularly of that type disclosed in my pending application for Letters Patent of the United States, Serial Number 47,040, filed August 24, 1915.

The invention has as a specific object to improve the construction of a brush holder and means for throwing the brushes into and out of engagement with the commutator, and a further object is to improve and simplify the speed responsive device which throws out the brushes and throws in the short-circuiting device, or vice versa, the speed responsive device being so designed as to be easily and quickly assembled or disassembled and absolutely secure when once put together.

With such objects in view, and others which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention comprises various novel features of construction and arrangement of parts which will be set forth with particularity in the following description and claims appended hereto.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate one embodiment of the invention and wherein similar character of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views, Figure 1 is a central longitudinal vertical section of the motor with the commutator shortcircuited and the brushes thrown out; Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail sectional view ofthe speed responsive device, together with the commutator short-circuiting and brush construction, the section being taken on the line 22, Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line 33, Fig. 1, showing the speed responsive device with the weights Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 12, 1916.

Serial No. 75,012.

thrown outwardly; Fig. 4 is a similar view with the weights indrawn; Fig. 5 is a plan view of one of the weights of the speed responsive device, the operating sleeve for the short-circuiting device and a connecting link between the weight and sleeve; Fig. 6 is a view of one of the weights detached; Fig. 7 is an enlarged sectional view on the line 77, Fig. 1, to show the brush-holding and operating means; Fig. 8 is a plan view of a portion appearing on the line 88, Fig. 7; Fig. 9 is a sectional view of one of the brushes and associated parts taken on the line 9-9, Fig. 7; and Fig. 10 is a detail sectional view on the line 1010, Fig. 8.

Referring to the drawing, A designates the armature of the motor, B the field, C the commutator, D the brushes, E the shortcircuiting device, F the governor, G the motor shaft, and H the bearings.

The armature is provided at one end with a circumferential flange 1 that forms a chamber in which is mounted the centrifu-' gally acting weights 2 of the governor or speed responsive device F. Each weight is mounted to swing on a pivot 3 that is in the form of a bolt or screw disposed with its axis parallel to the axis of the shaft G, and has its threaded portion 1 screwed into a tapped opening 5 in the end plate 6 of the armature. The smooth part 7 of the screw or bolt forms the bearing for the pivoted end S of the weight 2. The pivot 3 has an angular head 9 on its outer end so that it can be easily screwed or unscrewed, and a nut lock in the form of a washer 10 is fitted to this head, and on the washer is a lug 11 which extends into a recess 12 in the edge of the flange 1. A cotter pin 13 holds the nut lock 10 in place. The centrifugal weights are pivoted at diametrically opposite points with respect to the shaft G, and they swing inwardly and outwardly in a plane transverse to the shaft. Adjacent the acting element 2 is an opening 1 1 into which engages the spherical head or extremity 15 of the arm 16 of a bell-crank lever 17. The bell-crank levers are fulcrumed on pivots 18 that are disposed in openings 19 extending diametrically of the end plate 6 of the armature, the pivots 18 lying between the pivots 7 and the shaft G, so that the pivots 7 serve to retain the fulcrum pivots 18 in pivoted end of each weight or centrifugally their bearings or openings 19 without requiring any special fastenings. The bell crank levers are set in recesses 20 in the end plate 6, and after they are put in the recesses the pivots 18 are inserted and then the pivots 17 are screwed into the openings 5. But before the pivots '1' are placed in position the centrifugally acting weights are assembled on the pivots and then the latter are screwed home, the balls 15 of the bellcrank levers being engaged in the apertures 11 of the weights. The pivots 18 may have circumferential grooves 21 where the bellcrank levers bear thereon, so as to retain lubricant. The bell-crank levers have arms 16 disposed tangentially to the shaft approximately and these arms are slotted to receive the outer ends 22 of links 23 which extend parallel with the shaft and pass through the body of the armature to the end thereof opposite from the governor F. The ends of the links are attached to the arms 16 by pins 2% which are held in the arms 16 of the bell-crank lever by setscrews 25. \Vith a governor constructed in this manner it will be clear that the parts can be easily and quickly assembled or disassembled, and there is no danger of the parts becoming deranged in operation.

The commutator C is suitably mounted on the end plate 6 of the armature and cooperating with the connnutator are the brushes D that are slidably mounted to move into and out of engagement with the commutator. The brushes are mounted on a stationary support 26 carried by the bearing H at the left-hand end of the machine, Fig. 1, and each brush slides parallel with the shaft of the motor and is confined between a radial lug 27, Figs. 7 and 10, and an angle-piece 28 fastened to the support 26 and lug 27. On the side of each brush is fastened a small plate 29 which has a latera-lly extending lug 30 with which is adapted to engage a throw-out lever or finger 31. This lever is fulcrumed on a pivot stud 32 which is carried by an extension 33 of the anglepiece 28. Each brush D is urged toward the commutator and yieldingly held in contact therewith by a coiled spring 34, the inner ends of the springs being fastened on (-shaped brackets 35 secured to the support 26, and the free ends of the springs bear on the outer ends of the brushes. The throw-out levers 31 serve merely to move the brushe away from the commutator, and in doing so they act against the tension of the brush-seating springs 34. Each lever 31 is oscillated by a companion lever 36 which is fulcrumed 011 a stud 37 carried by the adjacent brush-holding lug 27. The lever 36 has an arm 38 which is provided with gear teeth 39 on its outer end that engage with gear teeth 40 on the hub portion of the lever 31. The other arm 4L1 of the lever 36 has spaced lugs or cars 12 and 43 that engage opposite sides of a non-rotary ring 1 1- which surrounds the shaft G and is slidable in the annular support 26. This ring is operatively connected with a sleeve 15 that is slidable longitudinally of the shaft, with one portion disposed in the cylindrical guide 46 which forms a part of the end plate 6.

he inner end of the sleeve 15 has a circumferential flange 417 that is provided with recesses as at diametrically opposite points so to receive the shouldered forward ends or heads 4-9 of the links 23, as clearly shown in Fig. 5, whereby the speed responsive device is connected with the sleeve $5 to move the same toward the right, Figs. 1 and 2. Movement of the sleeve 15 to the left is of fected by a helical spring 50 which surrounds the shaft G and is interposed bc tween the end plate 6 of the armature and the annular shoulder 51 formed by a ring screwed into the sleeve a5. When the sleeve 4-5 moves to the right, due to the outward swing of the governor weights, the levers 36 are oscillated in such a direction as to cause the throw-out levers 31 to move to the left, whereby the brushes are moved in the same direction and disengaged from the commutator. As shown at the bottomof Fig. 2, the throw-out levers have their inner extremities spaced somewhat from the lugs 30 of the brushes so that the levers have a limited independent movement before the lugs 30 are engaged and the brushes moved away from the commutator. In other words, the brush throw-out means includes a lost n10- tion connection which compensates for a certain amount of wear of the brushes. A helical extension spring 52 is connected with each pair of levers 31 and 36 at points outwardly and inwardly from their respective pivotal centers, and these springs serve to prevent undue pressure of the lever 36 on the ring 4 1 when the motor is running at normal speed.

The short-circuiting device E is constructed as described and illustrated in my pending application hcreinbefore referred to. Briefly it comprises an annulus which surrounds the shaft G and is adapted to engage the inner ends of the commutator ments so as to shortcircuit all of the latter when the short-circuiting device is brought into play before the brushes are retracted from the commutator. Normally the shortcircuiting device is in the position shown in Fig. 2, and when the governor weights have been thrown outwardly under the normal rotative speed of the armature, the short-circuiting device will be engaged with the commutator segments, as shown in Fig. 1. This action is produced by the longitudinal movement of the sleeve 15, which acts through a spring 53 interposed between the short-circuiting device E and the annular flange 54 on the outer end of the sleeve 45. Thus the short-circuiting device is held by a spring pressure against the commutator as long as the speed is normal, but when the speed falls below normal, the centrifugal Weights move inwardly and the short-circuiting device eventually disengages from the commutator segments and the brushes are reengaged therewith, which will be the condition when the motor is at rest.

From the foregoing description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, the advantages of the construction and method of operation will be readily understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention appertains, and while I have described the principle of operation, together with the apparatus which I now consider to be the best embodiment thereof, I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown i merely illustrative and that such changes may be made when desired as fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. The combination of a rotatable carrier, oppositely disposed centrifugally acting weights, each weight having an aperture, a bell-crank lever associated with each weight and having a spherical extremity engaging in the aperture of the associated weight, means for fulcruming the bell-crank levers on the carrier, an element actuated by the bellcrank levers to move the element in one direction, and a spring cooperating with the weights for moving the element in the opposite direction.

2. The combination of a rotatable carrier, pivots mounted on the carrier having their axes parallel therewith, centrifugally acting weights mounted on the pivots to swing in a plane transverse to the axis of the shaft, bell-crank levers fulcrumed on the carrier at points between the shaft and first-mentioned pivots, interengaging parts on the lovers and weights, whereby the assembling of the weights effects an automatic engagement with the levers, and means operated by the levers.

3. The combination of a rotary carrier provided with openings, pivots disposed in the openings, bell-crank levers assembled on the pivots, centrifugally acting weights, pivots fastened to the carrier to support trie weights and to form means for retaining the first-mentioned pivots in place, said levers and weights having interengaging parts.

4:. The combination of a carrier, a shaft on which the carrier is mounted, said carrier having radially disposed openings and openings intersecting the first-mentioned openings, pivots in the first-mentioned openings, levers fulcrumed on the said pivots, pivots disposed in the second-mentioned openings and serving to retain the first-mentioned pivots in place, centrifugally acting weights mounted on the second-mentioned pivots, said weights having openings, and rounded members on the levers engaging in the openings of the weights, whereby an operative connection is automatically made between the weights and levers as the Weights are assembled on their pivots.

5. The combination of a rotatable carrier having radial openings and openings intersecting the first-mentioned openings and extending parallel with the axis of rotation, pivots disposed in the first-mentioned openings, pivots disposed in the secondmentioned openings at points outwardly beyond the outer ends of the first-mentioned pivots, whereby the latter are retained in place, levers fulcrumed on the first-mentioned pivots, centrifugally acting weights on the second-mentioned pivots, and means operatively connecting the levers and pivots together.

6. The combination of a rotatable carrier having openings, pivots in the openings, levers fulcrumed on the pivots, stud bolts screwed into the carrier and extending across the pivots for retaining the latter in position, centrifugally acting weights fulcrumed on the stud bolts and inter-engaged with the levers, and locks for preventing the stud bolts from loosening.

7. The combination of a rotatable shaft, a carrier rigidly mounted thereon, centrifugally acting weights each having one end fulcrumed on the carrier, and the weights being provic ed with apertures adjacent the fulcrumed ends, levers fulcrumed on the carrier to swing on axes at right-angles to the fulcrums of the weights, and said levers having extremities loosely extending into the openings of the weights, links connected with the levers, and an element slidable longitudinally on the shaft and operatively connected with the links for movement thereby.

8. The combination of a rotary carrier having recesses at opposite sides of the axis of rotation, levers set into the recesses, pivots applied to the carrier and serving to connect the levers with the same, stud bolts screwed into the carrier in a position to retain the pivots in place, centrifugally acting weights fulcrumed on the stud bolts and having means engageable with the levers by the assembling of the weights on the bolts, locks applied to the heads of the bolts and interengaging with the carrier to prevent the bolts from turning, and means applied 'to the bolts for retaining the locks in place.

9. In a motor of the class described, the combination of a commutator, brushes normally engaging the same, a speed responsive device including an element movable toward and from the commutator, and a system of levers between said element and brushes for moving the latter with respect to the com mutator.

10. In a motor of the class described, the combination of a commutator, brushes normally engaging the same, a speed responsive device including an element movable toward and from the commutator, and a system of levers operatively connected with the element and brushes and including a lost motion connection whereby the element has a limited movement before the levers actuate the brushes.

11. In a motor of the class described, the combination of a commutator, means for shortcircuiting the segments of the commutator, means normally holding the firstmentioned means out of engagement with the commutator, brushes normally engaging the commutator, springs urging the brushes toward the commutator, a speed responsive device including a movable ele ment, a throw-out lever associated with each brush to move the same away from the commuator, a second lever operatively associated with the said element for movement thereby, interengaging teeth between the lever, whereby the brushes move to and from the commutator as the said element moves from one extreme position to the other, or vice versa, and spring means acting on each set of connected levers to tend to hold the same in predetermined position.

12. In a motor of the class described, the combination of a commutator, ashaft, an annular element disposed around the shaft and movable axially toward and from the com mutator, speed responsive means connected with the said element, levers engaged with the element and actuated thereby, brushes normally engaged with the commutator, and means between the lovers and brushes for moving the same with respect to the commutator.

13. In a motor of the class described, the combination of a commutator, a shaft, an annular element disposed around the shaft and movable axially toward and from the commutator, speed responsive means connected with the said element, levers engaged with the element and actuated thereby, brushes normally engaged with the commutator, levers operatively connected with the firstmentioned levers, lugs on the brushes for engagement by the second-mentioned levers to move the brushes away from the commutator, and springs pressing on the brushes to urge the same into engagement with the commutator.

14. In a motor of the class described, the combination of a commutator, an element rotatable with the commutator and movable axially, a stationary support surrounding the element, brushes slidable on the support into and out of engagement with the commutator, and a system of levers associated with each brush and operatively related with the said element for moving the brushes away from the commutator, and spring means urging the brushes toward the commutator.

15. In a motor of the class described, the combination of a commutator, a support adjacent the same, brushes slidably mounted on the support and normally engaged with the commutator, brackets on the support, a plurality of springs on each bracket and each acting on a brush to urge the same toward the commutator, a movable element, a speed responsive device connected with the element, and articulated means mounted on the support and operatively connecting each brush with the said element for moving the brushes away from the commutator.

16. In a motor of the class described, the combination of a commutator, a stationary support, brush guides mounted on the support, brushes slidable in the guides, spring means mounted on the support and acting on the brushes to urge the same toward the commutator, a speed responsive device, an element operatively connected with the speed responsive device and movable with respect to the commutator, levers fulcrumed on the brush guides and each having spaced lugs engaging the said element for move ment by the latter, levers mounted on the brush guides and arranged to move the brushes away from the commutator, interengaging teeth between the first and second-mentioned levers, and spring means acting on the levers to reduce the pressure between the lugs and the said element.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HARRY IVALLACE J EANN IN \Vitnesses R. B. ron, N. WV. Co'r'rLE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. G.

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