US1193726A - Driving amd reversing mechanism - Google Patents

Description

F. SNOW.

DRIVING AND REVERSING MECHANISM. APPLICATION FILED SEPT-6. 1910. RENEWED MAR. 23I 1916.

1 193326 Patented Aug 8, 1916.

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F. SNOW.

DRIVING AND REVERSING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT.6, 1910. RENEWED MAR. 23, l9l6.

Patented Aug. 8, 1916.

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v I I F. SNOW.

DRIVING'AND REVERSING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT-6. i910. RENEWED MAR. 23. 1916.

1 19,7260 f Patented Aug 8, 1916.

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Inf/anion FREDERICK SNOW, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIG-NOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO

ALLEN CONKLING, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

DRIVING AND REYEBSING MECHANISM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 8, 1916.

Application filed September 6, 1910, Serial No. 580,605. Renewed March 23, 1916. Serial No. 86,276.

nism, of which the following is a full, true,

clear, and exact description, such as will en able others skilled in the art to which it ap pertains to make and use the same.

My 1nvent10n relates to improvements in driving mechanisms for reciprocatory or oscillatory machines such, for example, as planers, shapers, rotary washing machines and the like, wherein movement in both directions is required, and it has particular reference to improvements in clutch devices for driving and reversing mechanisms of the class mentioned.

The object of my invention is to provide a driving and reversing mechanism of the class described which shall, in its preferred form, be operated by a single power connection or belt and in which the reversal of the, driven element shall be accomplished practically without relative slippage between the driving and the driven parts, to the end that the opposite movements or reciprocations of the driven element shall be substantially equal.

Another object of my invention is to pro vide a driving and reversing mechanism which shall be capable of accomplishing sudden reversals of the driven element in both directions, and which furthermore shall be so constructed that the reversal of the driven element shall be brought about without subjecting the mechanism to objectionable or destructive slfocks. v

A further object of my invention is to provide a driving and reversing mechanism which shall be of simple and comparatively economical construction, both compact and durable, and which shall be particularly fitted for imparting exact movements to machines of oscillatory or reciprocatory types and for causing quick, easy and yet powerful reversals of movement therein.

Other and special objects of the invention are to provide a driving mechanism of such design and form that it may be attached to any of several diflerent types of machines without modification in any essential particular; to provide a mechanism of the class described which shall be entirely inclosed and self lubricating, to the end that it will require a minimum of attention and care;

to provide a driving and'reversing mechadinal section of the preferred form of my invention on the line 11 of Fig. 2. Flg. 2 is a horizontal, central, longitudinal section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail, vertical section through the clutch member on theline 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged section similar to Fig.

3 on the line 14 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view of a portion of Fig. 1 enlarged, particularly illustrating the longitudinally arranged. levers in the clutch members and the associated parts; Fig. 6 is a plan view of the reversing cam as this part appears when viewed from below; Fig. 7 is a transverse section on the lines 7-7 of Figs. 1 and 2'; and Fig. 8 is a central, longitudinal section similar to Fig. 1, but illustrating a modified form of the invention, in which power is derived from two belts operating in opposite directions.

In actual practice my driving and reversing mechanism is usually connected to the machine to be driven by means of suitable mechanisms to effect the automatic reversal thereof, but as these cpnnections are old and well known, and would necessarily be varied to suit the application of the device to the driven machine, I have chosen to illustrate the device as provided with a lever or arm through the movement of, which reversal of the driven parts should be reduced to a minimum as any slippage therein tends to destroy the accuracy of the desired reciprocation of the machine driven. Again it is de- 5 sirable that the reversals be made in the shortest possible interval of time, but Without shock or jar, the time element being important in the line of the economical opera tion of the driven machine and shocks tending to cause unnecessary vibration and hence inaccuracy of work as well as loss of power and various other undesirable effects.

By means of my driving and reversing mechanism, I am able to reverse from full speed in'one direction to full speed in the opposite direction within an almost infinitesimal space of time and at the same time the friction is applied to the moving parts so gradually that, in a practical sense, there is no shock imparted to the machine driven, nor is there any perceptible vibration of the various mechanisms.

As will be made apparent hereinafter, the central idea of my invention lies in the combination with a driven shaft of a double clutching mechanism having two oppositely driven rotating members and friction clutch devices associated therewith, each of said devices being provided with a compound leverage system for gradually, but quickly and powerfully, applying pressure to said friction devicesto interlock or connect one or the other of said oppositely driven members to the driven shaft.

In carrying out my invention, I prefer to embody it in a mechanism conforming to the above, and which briefly, consists in the combination of a driven shaft with members continuously rotated in opposite directions, suitable friction clutches for connecting one or the other of said members to said shaft to cause corresponding rotation thereof, and a clutch controlling and actuating mechanism which may be operated manually or may be connected by means of suitable mechanism to the machine driven by the driving or reversing mechanism, and operated automatically thereby.

The driving and reversing mechanism hereinafter more particularly described consists in a heavy casing or box in which the moving members of the mechanism are contained, a single direction driving shaft which is rotated by a single belt or a motor,

a driven shaft wherefrom the reciprocating machine whatever its kind is actuated, two friction clutch members mounted concentrically upon the driven shaft and driven in opposite directions by the driving shaft,

and a shifting clutch mechanism associated with said friction clutch members for connecting the same alternately to the driven shaft to cause its rotation in opposite directions.

Having briefly mentioned the constituent elementary mechanisms making up my novel driving and reversing gear, I shall now describe the constituent elements in details.

My mechanism is arranged to receive power from a high speed electric motor and the rotating members thereof are so designed that they may be made of comparatively small diameters to the end that the inertia to be overcome in the reversal of the various members may be as small as possible consistent with a mechanism having a capacity suited to the work for which it is intended. As the various rotating members revolve at high speed the frame or casing A is made very heavy in order to absorb the vibration, reduce the noise and produce a re- 30 versing mechanism which will operate quietly and smoothly regardless of the high speed at which it is operated.

The frame or casing A for the operating parts of my mechanism is in such form as to 35 completely inclose said parts to contain the oil for lubricatingsaid mechanism. The casing has the shape of a rectangular box, but its preferred shape may be altered if desired to correspond with the general design of the machine with which the mechanism is to be associated.

When in use the casing occupies a horizontal position, usually upon the floor or raised slightly thereabove, and the lower part of the casing is filled with oil partly submerging the rotating members of the mechanism. If desired, suitable means may be employed for attaching the case to the machine, to be actuated. I prefer that the casing shall be in two parts, the upper part being removable to expose the contained mechanism.

To support the moving parts of the mechanism in proper relative position, partitions 1 5 or walls 2, 3,4 and 5 are provided in the lower part of the casing. These walls contain the bearings for the driving shaft B and are provided with suitable bearing mem bers attached thereto to support the driven shaft C. These walls also serve as bearings for the clutch members D and E. Suitable caps or boxes are provided to retain said shaft B and the clutch members D and E in their bearings. The clutch members D and E comprise sleeves 6 and 7 rotatably mounted in said bearing walls concentric with the driven shaft 0. These sleeves are each provided with a spur gear by means of which they may be rotated. The sleeve 6 is provided with a gear 8 adapted to receive motion from the spur gear 9 carried by the power shaft B through the medium of an idler 10 (see Fig. 7), and the sleeve 7 receives power directly from the shaft B 5 through the spur gear 11 carried by said v sleeve and the spur gear 12 meshing there'- with and carried by said shaft B. This construction results in the sleeves 6 and 7 rotating in opposite directions. I

As the two clutch members D and E are identical in construction, I will confine the detailed description to one of them, designating the parts of the clutch member D with numerals and like parts of the member E with the same numerals primed. Take the member D, for instance, which operates to drive the shaft C in what I term the reverse direction. The sleeve 6 .of said member is comparatively large in diameter and is provided with a series of friction disks 15 mounted therein, said disks being loosely keyed thereto and adapted to rotate therewith, but free on the shaft C. A second series of friction disks 16 are loosely keyed to the shaft C alternately with the disks 15.

and are adapted to rotate with the shaft but free of the sleeve. An internal collar 17 is carried by said sleeve in its outerend,

being securely pinned or fastened thereto, and provides an abutment against which the friction disks 15 and 16 are adapted to be forced by the mechanism to be described hereinafter. When these disks are forced into frictional contact with each other and with the abutment collar 17 motion is transmitted from the sleeve 6 to the driving shaft C. The means which I employ to force these disks into frictional engagement are adapted to engage the disks with each other within a short interval of time, but with a gradual though rapid increase of pressure whereby the shaft C is started into motion, which increases rapidly until it rotates in unison with the sleeve D, but without a parent shock. The mechanism which fbrces the friction disks into engagement, or, in other words, produces the pressure which causes the engagement of the disks with each other, is so constructed that while the moving parts of the mechanism which originate the motion necessary to produce this pressure are comparatively easily moved, the

final movement is so reduced and the pres sure is so correspondingly increased that the filial pressure upon the disks is very great. To produce this pressure upon the disks I provide the'following mechanism: The inner end 20 of the sleeve 6 is enlarged and carries longitudinally arranged levers 21 pivotally mounted in longitudinal pockets 22 in the outer periphery thereof. These levers are adapted to operate segmental threaded blocks or nuts 23 which are slidably mounted in radial openings 24:- in the inner end of the sleeve6. Surrounding the rather, the pivots 91 upon which the levers are mounted are so arranged that the threaded blocks 23 when free to move outward from the shaft are carried outward by the centrifugal force due to the rotation of the sleeve 6. When these threaded blocks are carried outwardly they engage with the internally threaded surface of the sleeve 25 and when this engagement of the sleeve 25 occurs it is drawn toward the inner end of the sleeve 6 and produces what I term the original motion which the mechanism is adapted to modify as it is transmitted from this sleeve to the friction disks. Between the hub 26 of the sleeve 25 and the inner end of the series of friction disks are provided a number of multiplying levers. In the instance illustrated, I have shown two pairs of these levers 27 and 28. These levers stand substantially radial with respect to the shaft C. They are pivotally mount ed on the inner end 20 of the sleeve 6, pockets being provided within which to receive the outer end of the levers, and they extend toward and partly surround the shaft 0. They are provided in pairs, the two levers of each pair being oppositely disposed in relation to each other. These levers are provided on their inner ends with curved contact surfaces or enlargements adapted to be engaged by collars slidably mounted upon the shaft C. The inner face of the first pair 27 of these levers are engaged by the hub 26 of the sleeve 25 and the free ends of the levers are pushed or crowded toward the friction disks thereby.

when the threaded sleeve 25 is engaged by the segmental blocks 23. Between the two pairs of levers a loose collar 30 is mounted on the shaft C, which is dished or cut away on the. side toward the levers 27 thereby providing it with a circumferential contact ridge or ring 31 at its outer circumference to be engaged by the levers 27, thereby reducing the original movement and increasing the pressure/as it is transmitted to the collar or disk 30. The opposite face of said collar3tHs substantially flat and is adapted to engage the inner ends of the levers 28. Between the levers 28 and the friction disks a comparatively long collar or sleeve 32 is loosely mounted on the shaft C, which is likewise dished on its end adjacent to the levers 28 and is thereby provided with a circumferential contact ridge 33 adapted to be engaged by the levers 28 similar to the engagement of the levers 27 with the collar 30. These levers and collars are adapted to reduce the longitudinal motion received from the sleeve 25 and multiply the pressure, in inverse ratio, whereby the pressure or power received from the segmental nuts is very greatly multiplied when it is delivered upon the friction disks.

It will be noted that the segmental nuts of the friction disks with suflicient pressure to transmit the power, is necessarily small when it is taken into consideration that the sleeve 6 is rotated at a comparatively high speed. To aid in a gradual or easy engagement of the friction disks the collar 32 is chambered, and a comparatively stifi', coiled compression spring 35 is mounted therein and is so arranged that when the sleeve 25 is in its disengaged or outer position the spring will lie freely within said chamber, but will project beyond the face of the collar '32 in position to engage the first disk of the series when said collar begins its movement toward said disks. Said spring is adapted, as the collar 32 approaches the disk, to force the friction disks into contact with increasing pressure and is adapted to be wholly contained within the chamber in the collar 32 when the collar is forced into contact with the face of the first disk. This eonstruction engages the disks with each other, beginning with a slight or easy pressure and rapidly increasing to the maximum at the time when the collar 32 is engaged therewith, thereafter the collar presses directly against the friction disk. When the segmental nuts 23 are drawn inwardly and disengaged from the sleeve 25 the compression spring 35 forces the collars and compounding levers backward, the various parts being arranged so that the compounding levers never reach a radially locked position, hence centrifugal force acting upon the free ends of the levers 1 aids greatly in the rapid releaseof the clutch mechanism; and relieves the spring 35 and the friction disks of all pressure. A centrally arranged abutment 40 is mounted midway between the walls 3 and 4 and is adapted to limit the rearward motion of the sleeves 25 when they are disengaged from blocks 23.

To operate the levers 21 for the purpose of engaging and disengaging the segmental threaded blocks 23 with the sleeve 25, I provide a ring or clutch member 50 mounted upon the outer periphery of the inner end 20 of the sleeve 6. The ring or sleeve clutch member 50 is mounted upon the outer cylindrical surface of the enlarged inner end 20 of the sleeve 6 and is adapted to be moved longitudinally thereon by means described hereinafter to control the position of said levers 21. Said levers 21 are provided on their innersgends 51 which engage with the blocks 23 with outward projections 52 which project slightly beyond the periphery of said sleeves 6 into the path of said clutch member 50. Consequently as the sleeve-50 is moved forward or toward and into the sleeve 25, the projections 52 are engaged thereby and the ends 51 of the levers 21 are forced inwardly and the blocks 23 carried thereby are disengaged from the sleeve 25. The other ends 53 of said levers 21 are also provided with outward projections 54 adapted to be engaged by the clutch member 50 when it is moved in a reverse direction or away from the sleeve 25. The clutch mem- .ber 50 being in the position as illustrated on the clutch member E, theinner ends 51 of the levers 21 and the segmental blocks 23 carried thereby are held in their restricted or inner positions and out of contact or engagement with the sleeve 25. Now when this clutch member 50' is moved outwardly or away from the sleeve 25, the inner end thereof is disengaged from the projections 52 and said segmental blocks 23' are permitted to move outwardly, being forced outwardly by the centrifugal force due to their rapid revolution with the sleeve 7. As the clutch member 50 reaches the limit of its outward movement it engages the projections 54 or rather passes over these projections, they having been withdrawn out of the path of the member 50' by the outward movement of segmental blocks 23 and said member 50 thereby locks said levers 21 in position, thereby preventing the disengagement of the segmental blocks 23' from the internally threaded surface of the sleeve 25.

The shifting or reversing mechanism employed for actuating the rings 50 and 50 of the clutches D and E, comprises the two shiftable yokes 57 and 57 slidable on the bar 58, and the oscillatory cam 59, which is adapted to be operated by some moving part of the machine driven, :or may be operated by hand, and is engaged with the yokes by means of pins or lugs 60 and 60 thereon. The rings 50 and 50' are provided with circumferential grooves 61-61, respectively, which are'engaged by lugs or pro ections 62-62' on said yokes 57-57 respectively. The cam 59 is supported upon a stud63 projecting from its face and received in a socket 64 provided upon the cross bar 58. Said socket is provided in the upper portion of the abutment wall 40 which is rigidly secured upon said bar 58. The cam 59 is also held in position by a trunnion 65 preferably integral therewith which projects through the with some moving part of the machine, being operated by the driving and reversing mechanism, and motion transmitted to the cam 59 thereby, and thus control the action of the mechanism automatically. The cam is adapted to be oscillated through substantially 90 to reverse the driven shaft C. As stated, the cam engages the yokes 57 and 57 through the medium of the lugs or pins 60 and 60' and imparts intermittent or oscillatory motion thereto, the arrangement being such that the yoke whose ring is in position to cause the engagement of its associated clutch with the shaft C will be moved inwardly to disengage said clutch before the opposite yoke is moved outwardly to cause the engagement of its associated clutch with the shaft C. The cam is provided with two oppositely disposed cam grooves 97 and 97 which follow arcs of inner and outer circles. These parts arejoined by a part 6868 respectively which causes the reciprocation of the yokes 5757 respectively.

Fig. 6 illustrates a bottom plan view of the cam and the pins 6060' as these parts are arranged in Fig. l. The cam is ready to be moved in the direction of the arrow and it is seen that the first action will be to draw the pin 60 toward the center, while maintaining the pin 60 stationary. This will continue until the pin 60 has been drawn in to the dotted position shown at 69 when the pin 60" will occupy the position at 69 in which position neither of the clutches D and E are engaged. During the remainder of the movement of the cam disk the pin 60' will be car ried to its outer position and the pin 60 will remain stationary at its inner position,

thus effecting the engagement of the clutch E with the shaft C While holdingthe clutch D out of engagement therewith.

The driven shaft C is mounted in the bearing plates 7 07 0 which are securely bolted to the outer faces of the walls 2 and 5 respectively. It is held longitudinally in position by means of a set collar 72 upon one end, and the hub 73 of a miter pinion or gear 74; on its other end. In the mechanism illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 the pinion 74 is arranged to drive a miter gear 75 mounted upon a shaft 76 which projects outwardly through the wall of the case and is adapted to transmit motion from the mechanism to the machine to bedriven thereby. To prevent the oil which is in the case from escaping around the shaft 76 and the shaft B, where these pass through the wall of the case, stuffing boxes or glands 77 of usual form are provided.

Referring now to Fig. 8 of the drawings: In some applications of my invention it is desirable and convenient to receive power from two sources. instead of one and to deliver the motion or power directly from one end of the driven shaft B. In Fig. 8 I

have illustrated a modified form of the invention especially adapted to fulfil the above desired conditions. In this modification, the inner ends of the clutchmembers D and E with their associated mechanisms are substantially identical to the similar parts already described, but instead of the sleeves 6 and 7 of the clutch members D and E being rotated through the medium of gearing, these members are projected or extended outside of the casingA and are adapted to receive on their outer ends belt pulleys 80 and 81 respectively. These pulleys can be rotated in opposite directions from a single counter shaft, in a well known manner, through the medium of a crossed and an open belt. The pulleys are illustrated as being of different sizes, as it is frequently desirable that the motion in one direction of the driven machine shall be quicker than in the opposite direction. The shaft C is extended at the end 82 so that a proper coupling or connection may be thereon to connect the mechanism with the machine to be driven.

While I have illustrated and described the clutch members D and E as each being provided with two pairs of the. pressure compounding levers, it is obvious that they could be Provided with either more or less than two pairs of these levers and not depart from the spirit of the invention; that is, the number of these levers with which the clutch members D and E are equipped can obviously be varied to correspond with the work required of the mechanism in the particular application for which any specific structure is designed, obviously the more severe the work required of the mechanism the greater the number of these levers which would be employed.

The operation or movement of the various parts of the clutch mechanism may be traced as follows: the positions of the clutches and associated parts being as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 and the' direction of rotation of the shafts as indicated by the arrows. As illustrated, the clutch D is in engagement and the shaft C is being driven through the gears 8, 9 and 10, the cam roller 50 corresponding with the clutch D is in the outer portion of. its cam groove. To reverse the direction of motion of the shaft C the cam disk is turned through an angle of 90 during the first part of which movement the cam member 50 is first advanced, withdrawing the segmental nuts 23 from engagement with the sleeve 25, which is released thereby and is pushed or thrown back against the abutment 40 by the spring 35. The friction disks are thereby relieved of pressure and the shaft C is free to be brought to a standstill or to have its direction of rotation reversed. As the cam disk continues through the latter part of its movement the mounted mechanism. of the clutch member E is operated, as hereinbefore described, and the friction disks therein are forced together under great pressure. At the moment that the clutch ring 50' is withdrawn to allow finitesimal.

In the operation of the mechanism to produce pressure upon the friction disks for the engagement of the clutches D and E with the shaft C it is obvious that the inter nally threaded sleeves are drawn toward the disks until suflicient pressure is exerted to produce friction enough to rotate the shaft C in unison with the clutch driving it, as opposed to the power absorbed by the machine being driven. Should it occur that the machine driven requires more power to drive it after it has been startedinto motion, this causes the shaft C to lag or slip behind the clutch driving it, this lagging of the shaft will continue only to the extent required to draw the internally threaded sleeve toward the disks suflicient toovercome the slippage, as any relative movement between the shaft and the clutch causes corresponding relative rotation between the segmental nuts and the internally threaded sleeves, thereby drawing the sleeves toward the friction disks and causing greater pressure thereon. I

As various modifications of my invention will readily suggest themselves to one skilled in the art, Ido not confine the same to the specific forms and constructions herein shown and described.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent: p

1. A driving and reversing mechanism,

comprising a shaft to be driven, in combi-' nation with oppositely driven clutch members thereon, means longitudinally movable on said shaft and rotatable therewith for engaging said members with said shaft, ra-

- dially movable members carried by said oppositely driven clutch members and rotated therewith for engagement with said longitudinally movable means, and other means controlling said radially movable members .for alternately engaging said clutch members-with said shaft. 1

2. A driving and reversing mechanism comprising a shaft to be driven, in combination with oppositely rotated clutch parts thereon, independent means longitudinally movable independently on said shaft and rotatable therewith for frictionally engagingeach of said clutch parts with said shaft, and means whereby said independent means are controlled to alternately engage said clutch parts'with said shaft.

3. A driving and reversing mechanism comprising a shaft to be driven, in combination with oppositely rotated clutch members thereon, means longitudinally movable on said shaft and rotatable therewith for independently engaging said clutch members with said shaft and capable of being moved longitudinally of the shaft independently of each other, and other means controlling said engagement means, whereby one only of said clutch members can be engaged at one time.

4. In a' driving and reversing mechanism, a shaft, in combination with opposite direction clutch members rotatable about said shaft, intermediate clutch members longitudinally movable on said shaft and ro tatable therewith, means carried by said opposite direction clutch members and rela tively movable thereto for engagement with said intermediate clutch members, and a cam controlling said engaging means for alternately engaging said clutch members with said relatively movable shaft.

5. In a driving and reversing mechanism a shaft to be rotatively reciprocated, in combination with clutch members revoluble about said shaft, intermediate clutch sleeves slidably fixed upon said shaft, clutch parts revoluble with said clutch members and movable in relation thereto for engagement with said clutch sleeves for causing frictional engagement between said clutch members'and said shaft, and a cam controlling v the engagement of said clutch parts with said sleeves.

6. Ina driving and reversing mechanism, a shaft to be rotatively reciprocated, in combination with clutch members revoluble about the same, intermediate internally threaded clutch sleeves slidably fixed upon said shaft, radially movable sectional nuts carried by said revoluble clutch members for engagement with said threaded sleeves for causing frictional engagement of said 5 clutch members with said shaft, and controlling means for said sectional nuts. 7. In a driving and reversing mechanism, a shaft to be rotatat'ively reciprocated, in combination with clutch members revoluble about said shaft, a series of friction disks mounted within each of said members, alternate disks of each series rotatively connected with said members and with said shaft respectively, intermediate internally threaded clutch sleeves slidably mounted on said shaft, sectional nuts carried by said clutch members for engagement with said sleeves for causing frictional engagement of said disks, rings longitudinally, movably 13o mounted on said clutch members for controlling the engagement of said nuts with said sleeves, an means engaging said rings for alternately engaging said sectional nuts with said sleeves. I

8. In a driving and reversing mechanism,

a shaft to be rotatively reciprocated, in combination with clutch members revoluble about same, a series of friction disks within each of said clutch members, alternate disks of each series being rotatively mounted with said clutch members and with said shaft respectively, intermediate clutch disks slidably mounted on said shaft to rotate therewith, means for forcing said clutch disks toward their corresponding friction disks for causing frictional engagement of said clutch members with said shaft, and means arranged between each said clutch disk and its corresponding friction disks for increasing the pressure with which said friction disks are engaged.

9. In a power transmission device a shaft to be rotated, in combination with a clutch member revoluble about said shaft, a series of friction disks mounted within said member, alternate disks of said series being rotatively connected with said shaft and said member respeotively,a pressure disk slidably mounted on said shaft, means carried by said clutch member for engagement with said pressure disk for drawing said pressure disk toward said friction disks, ful-fi crum rings carried by said shaft intermediate said pressure and friction disks, and levers carried by said clutch member and associated with said pressure disk and fulcrum rings for increasing the pressure received from said pressure disk as the pressure is transmitted to said friction disks.

10. In a power transmission mechanism the combination with a shaft to be driven, of a driven clutch member rotatively mounted on said shaft, a series of friction disks mounted within said member, alternate disks of said series being rotatively carried by said member and said shaft respectively, an internally threaded sleeve slidably mounted on said shaft, sectional nuts carried by said member for engagement with said sleeve to draw said sleeve toward said friction disks, and means within said member for increasing the pressure received from said sleeve as the pressure is transmitted to said disks.

11. In a driving and reversing mechanism, a shaft, in combination with opposite direction clutch members rotatable about said shaft, intermediate internally threaded sleeves longitudinally movable on said shaft and rotatable therewith, segmental nuts carried by said clutch members for engagement with said sleeves, clutch rings longitudinally movable "on said clutch members controlling the engagement of said nuts with said sleeves and a cam controlling the positions of said clutch rings and adapted to withdraw the segmental nuts engaged with one sleeve in advance of permitting the engagement of the opposite sleeve by its respective segmental nuts.

12. In a power transmission device a shaft to be driven and a driven member rotatably mounted thereon in combination with an frictional clutch mechanism comprising frictional disks mounted between said shaft and member, a clutch sleeve'longitudinally movable upon and rotatable with said shaft, segmental nuts carried by said member arranged to be thrown outward into engagement with said threaded sleeve, by centrifugal force, means for locking said nuts in engaged position and for withdrawing the same from engagement with said sleeve, and means arranged between said sleeve' and said friction disks to transmit motion from said sleeve to said disks and to multiply the pressure received from said sleeve to cause frictional engagement of said member with said shaft,

13. In a power transmission'device a shaft to be rotated and a driven member rotatably mounted thereon, a clutch mechanism adapted to connect said member with said shaft, comprising a series of friction disks operatively connected to said shaft and said member and adapted to be forced into frictional engagement to rotate said shaft with said member, an internally threaded sleeve longitudinally movable'upon and rotatable with said shaft, se ental nuts carried b said member and a apted to be thrown oul ward, into engagement with said sleeve, by centrifugal force, means for locking said nuts in engaged position and for withdrawing said nuts from engagement with said sleeve, and a compound leverage system arranged between said sleeve and said friction disks operating to press said disks together with increasing pressure. 5

1 1. A power transmission device comprising, in combination, a shaft to be rotatably driven, a driven member rotatably mounted thereon, an internally threaded sleeve rotatably mounted with said shaft and longitudinally movable thereon, radially movable segmental nuts carried by said member and adapted to be thrown outward, into engagement with said threaded sleeve, by centrifugal force, to cause relatively longitudinal movement of said sleeve in relation to said member, and a friction clutch mechanism associated with said shaft and said member operable by the relatively longitudinal movement of said member/ and said sleeve.

15. A power transmission device comprising a shaft to be rotatably driven, a driven clutch member rotatably mounted upon said shaft, disks carried by said shaft and said member adapted to be forced into frictional engagement to transmit power from said member to said shaft, a longitudinally movable internally threaded sleeve mounted upon said shaft to rotate therewith, a radially movable member carried by said clutch member adapted to be thrown into engagement with the threaded sleeve by centrifugal force to cause relative longitudinal movement of said sleeve and said member, and a system of compound levers associated with said sleeve and said disks operable by the relative longitudinal movement of said sleeve andsaid member to force said disks into frictional engagement with an increasing pressure.

16. In a power transmission device a shaft to be driven, in combination with a driven clutch member rotatably mounted thereon, a frictional clutch mechanism associated with said shaft and said member, an internally threaded clutch sleeve slidably mounted on said shaft and rotatable therewith, segmental nuts carried by said member adapted to be thrown outward into engagement with said sleeve by centrifugal force to cause relative longitudinal movement of said sleeve and said member, means for locking said nuts in their engaged position and for withdrawing said nuts from engagement with said sleeve, radially arranged levers carried by said member, and fulcrum collars carried by said shaft and associated with said levers, said levers and collars operating to transmit pressure from said sleeve to said clutch mechanism with increasing ratio.

17. In a power transmission device a shaft to be driven in combination with a drivenclutch member rotatably mounted thereon,

a friction clutch mechanism associated with said shaft and said member, an internally threaded clutch sleeve slidably mounted on said shaft and rotatable therewith, segmental nuts carried by said member adapted to be thrown into engagement with said sleeve by centrifugal force to cause relative longi tudinal movement of said sleeve and said member, means for locking said nuts in their engaged position and for withdrawing said nuts from engagement with said sleeve, and a compound leverage mechanism interposed between the longitudinally movable sleeve and the friction clutch mechanism operating to transmit pressure from said sleeve to said friction clutch mechanism with increasing raItio.

18. In a power transmission device a shaft to be rotated and a driven clutch member rotatably mounted thereon, friction clutch disks carried by said shaft and said member and adapted to be forced into frictional engagement to rotate said shaft, an internally threaded sleeve slidably mounted on said shaft and rotatable therewith, levers pivotally mounted on said member, radially movable segmental nuts carried by said member and operatively engaged by said levers, said nuts being adapted to be engaged with said internally threaded sleeve by centrifugal force, means engaging said levers to lock said nuts in their engaged position and for operating said levers to withdraw said nuts from engagement with said sleeve, levers carried by said member and engaged by said sleeve, and a fulcrum ring mounted on said shaft associated with said disks and adapted to be engaged by said levers and ring operating to transmit pressure from said sleeve to said disks with increasing effect.

19. In a power transmission device the combination with a shaft to be rotated and a member rotatably mounted thereon, of a clutch mechanism adapted to frictionally engage said member and said shaft for the rotation of the latter by the former, means operable by centrifugal force for initially setting said clutch mechanism into operation, and means for locking said mechanism in operative engagement whereby the frictional engagement of the several parts is increased to the point where the slippage between said member and said shaft is overcome and said member and said shaft are thereby caused to rotate in unison.

20. In a power transmission device the combination with a shaft to be rotated and a member rotatably mounted thereon, of a clutch mechanism adapted to frictionally engage said member and said shaft for the rotation of the latter by the former, a radially movable weight carried by said member, and a system of compound levers associated with said weight and said clutch mechanism whereby the centrifugal force of the weight causes the engagement of the shaft and member.

21. In a power transmission device the combination with a shaft to be rotated and a member rotatably mounted thereon, of a clutch mechanism adapted to frictionally combination with a shaft to be rotated and v a member rotatably mounted thereon, of a clutch mechanism adapted to frictionally engage said member and said shaft for the rotation of the latter by the former, a radially movable weight carried by said member, a system of com ound levers associated with said weight an said clutch mechanlsm engage said member and said shaft for the whereby the centrifugal force of the weight my hand, this 29th day of June, 1910, in causes the engagement of the shaft and the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

member, and means associated with said FREDERICK SNUW. weight for locking it in inoperative con- Witnesses: 5 dition. EDWARD F. WmsoN,

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set ARTHUR W. NELSON.

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