US11926260B2 - Method for operating a parking assistance function of a motor vehicle - Google Patents
Method for operating a parking assistance function of a motor vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- US11926260B2 US11926260B2 US17/658,842 US202217658842A US11926260B2 US 11926260 B2 US11926260 B2 US 11926260B2 US 202217658842 A US202217658842 A US 202217658842A US 11926260 B2 US11926260 B2 US 11926260B2
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 49
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
- B60Q1/26—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
- B60Q1/50—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating other intentions or conditions, e.g. request for waiting or overtaking
- B60Q1/525—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating other intentions or conditions, e.g. request for waiting or overtaking automatically indicating risk of collision between vehicles in traffic or with pedestrians, e.g. after risk assessment using the vehicle sensor data
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q9/00—Arrangement or adaptation of signal devices not provided for in one of main groups B60Q1/00 - B60Q7/00, e.g. haptic signalling
- B60Q9/002—Arrangement or adaptation of signal devices not provided for in one of main groups B60Q1/00 - B60Q7/00, e.g. haptic signalling for parking purposes, e.g. for warning the driver that his vehicle has contacted or is about to contact an obstacle
- B60Q9/007—Arrangement or adaptation of signal devices not provided for in one of main groups B60Q1/00 - B60Q7/00, e.g. haptic signalling for parking purposes, e.g. for warning the driver that his vehicle has contacted or is about to contact an obstacle providing information about the distance to an obstacle, e.g. varying sound
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
- B60Q1/02—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments
- B60Q1/24—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments for lighting other areas than only the way ahead
- B60Q1/247—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments for lighting other areas than only the way ahead for illuminating the close surroundings of the vehicle, e.g. to facilitate entry or exit
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
- B60Q1/26—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
- B60Q1/50—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating other intentions or conditions, e.g. request for waiting or overtaking
- B60Q1/525—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating other intentions or conditions, e.g. request for waiting or overtaking automatically indicating risk of collision between vehicles in traffic or with pedestrians, e.g. after risk assessment using the vehicle sensor data
- B60Q1/535—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating other intentions or conditions, e.g. request for waiting or overtaking automatically indicating risk of collision between vehicles in traffic or with pedestrians, e.g. after risk assessment using the vehicle sensor data to prevent rear-end collisions, e.g. by indicating safety distance at the rear of the vehicle
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- B60Q9/00—Arrangement or adaptation of signal devices not provided for in one of main groups B60Q1/00 - B60Q7/00, e.g. haptic signalling
- B60Q9/008—Arrangement or adaptation of signal devices not provided for in one of main groups B60Q1/00 - B60Q7/00, e.g. haptic signalling for anti-collision purposes
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- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
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- B60W40/00—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models
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- B62D15/0285—Parking performed automatically
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- B60W2554/00—Input parameters relating to objects
- B60W2554/80—Spatial relation or speed relative to objects
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for operating a parking assistance function of a motor vehicle, a parking assistance device, and a motor vehicle.
- the invention also relates to a computer-implemented method, a computer program product, a computer-readable data carrier and a data carrier signal.
- an object of the present invention to provide an improved method for operating a parking assistance function of a motor vehicle.
- Further objects of the invention consist in providing an advantageous parking assistance device for a motor vehicle, a motor vehicle, a computer-implemented method, a computer program product, a computer-readable data carrier and a data carrier signal.
- the aforementioned objects are achieved by a method for operating a parking assistance function, a parking assistance device according to Claim 11 , a motor vehicle, a computer-implemented method, a computer program product, a computer-readable data carrier, and a data carrier signal.
- the dependent claims contain further advantageous embodiments of the invention.
- the method according to the invention for operating a parking assistant or a parking assistance function of a motor vehicle relates to a motor vehicle which comprises at least one sensor for detecting the road surrounding the vehicle.
- the method includes the following steps: In a first step, a free parking space is searched for and determined. This can be done manually or automatically. In a further step, a trajectory for parking the motor vehicle in the parking space is determined and a sequence of an at least partially automated parking process is determined. Furthermore, at least one outer boundary line of the road surface required for parking along the determined trajectory is determined. In other words, the outer edge of the road surface used during the parking process is determined.
- the intention or aim to park in the parking space can be visually indicated, for example by light signals, in particular by flashing light or by means of external lights or by a projection of light patterns on the road surface and/or by illuminating the required maneuvering area on the road surface, preferably based on the determined trajectory.
- At least one road user approaching the determined outer boundary line on the road is further detected by means of at least one sensor.
- the detected road user may be, for example, a motor vehicle, a bicycle, etc.
- the detection can be limited to a distance or a gap below a specified maximum distance to the motor vehicle. This prevents road users who are too far away, who may not be relevant for the planned parking process, from being detected and taken into account.
- the distance or gap of the at least one road user, which is approaching the determined outer boundary line, from the outer boundary line is determined. If the determined distance falls below a specified first threshold, a warning signal is output to approaching road user, for example in the form of a light pattern projected onto the surface of the road.
- the intensity and color of the light pattern can be adapted to the current environmental conditions, in particular the weather, the time of day, the road surface and the color of the road surface.
- the road surface required for parking i.e. the maneuvering area
- the illuminated surface is preferably adapted to the progress of the parking process.
- At least one camera and/or at least one radar sensor and/or at least one lidar sensor and/or at least ultrasonic sensor can be used as a sensor.
- the method according to the invention has the advantage over the prior art described above that a situation-adapted active communication with other road users takes place and thereby the road safety during a parking process is significantly improved.
- the invention also has the advantage that it increases driving comfort by reducing the risk that another road user, in particular another vehicle, moves into the required maneuvering area during the parking process. This also reduces the stress potentially associated with parking for a user.
- the probability is determined that the detected road user crosses the outer boundary line. If the determined probability exceeds a specified threshold, an adapted warning signal is output to the approaching road user.
- the course of the parking process can be adapted.
- the speed and/or acceleration of the approaching road user is determined. If the determined speed exceeds a specified threshold and/or the determined acceleration exceeds a specified threshold, an adapted warning signal is output to the approaching road user.
- the course of the parking process can be adapted. By taking into account the speed and/or acceleration of the approaching road user, a procedure adapted to the respective risk of a collision is possible. In this way, a possible accident in connection with the parking can be effectively prevented.
- an adjustment of the warning signal which can be output visually and/or acoustically, and/or an adjustment of the course of the parking process can be made.
- an adjustment can be made depending on a classification of the approaching road user, for example, depending on whether it is a passenger car, a truck, a bus, a motorcycle, or a bicycle, etc.
- the adjustment can be made depending on the weather conditions and/or a classification of features of the road surface.
- the position of the motor vehicle and the position of the detected, approaching road user are determined as a function of the time. If it is not ensured that when the detected road user reaches the at least one safety line, the motor vehicle is in a position that allows the approaching road user to pass or drive past, a number of further steps of the method are carried out.
- the at least one further step of the method is preferably dependent on whether the parking assistant or the parking assistance function allows automated longitudinal control of the motor vehicle, in other words, whether it is a semi-automated or a fully automated parking aid.
- the parking assistance function allows automated longitudinal control of the motor vehicle, i.e. it is a fully automated parking assistance function, it is checked, for example, whether the current movement of the motor vehicle is the first parking movement of the parking process. If this is the case, i.e. if it is the first parking movement, the minimum speed of the motor vehicle required to avoid a collision with the approaching road user will be calculated. A number of further steps of the method can be carried out depending on whether the calculated minimum speed required is lower than a maximum speed specified for the parking assistant or the parking assistance function. If the calculated speed is lower, the parking process can be continued with an adapted speed profile. If the calculated minimum speed is not lower than the specified maximum speed, the motor vehicle may be stopped and waiting performed until the approaching road user has moved past the motor vehicle.
- the parking assistance function allows automated longitudinal control of the motor vehicle, it is checked, for example, whether the current movement of the motor vehicle is the first parking movement of the parking process. If it is not the first parking movement of the parking process and if the determined parking space is not a parking space parallel to the road, the minimum speed required to avoid a collision with the approaching road user will be calculated. In addition, a number of further steps of the method can be carried out depending on whether the calculated minimum speed is lower than a maximum speed specified for the parking assistant or the parking assistance function. If the calculated minimum speed is lower than the specified maximum speed, the parking process can be continued with an adapted speed profile.
- a trajectory for entering the motor vehicle into a parking space perpendicular to the road may be calculated and the motor vehicle may be moved along that trajectory into the parking space.
- This trajectory or the parking position achieved with it does not have to be the final parking position. Only a precautionary removal of the motor vehicle from the road is to be achieved in order to allow further traffic, in particular the approaching road user, to continue driving. There can therefore first be a wait until the at least one detected road user has moved away from the maneuvering area. The parking process can then be continued, for example with an adapted trajectory.
- the minimum speed required to avoid a collision with the approaching road user is calculated in a further variant and a number of further steps of the method are carried out depending on whether the calculated minimum speed is lower than a maximum speed specified for the parking assistant or the parking assistance function. If the calculated minimum speed is lower than the specified maximum speed, a signal can be sent to a user, such as a driver.
- the signal may include, for example, the recommendation to interrupt the parking process and/or the message that acceleration of the vehicle is possible to avoid a conflict or collision.
- a number of further steps of the method can be carried out depending on whether the current movement of the motor vehicle is the first parking movement of the parking process. If it is the first parking movement, for example, a braking intervention can be carried out, i.e. a braking of the motor vehicle can be initiated. If it is not the first movement, a trajectory for driving the motor vehicle into a perpendicular parking space can be calculated. The driver can then be asked to drive the vehicle into the parking space along this trajectory. There can then be a wait until the required maneuvering area is free, in particular until the road user is outside the determined safety line.
- the parking assistance device according to the invention for a motor vehicle comprises at least one sensor for detecting the vehicle surroundings.
- the parking assistance device is designed to carry out a previously described method according to the invention.
- the parking assistance device may include, for example, at least one camera and/or at least one radar sensor and/or a lidar sensor and/or at least one ultrasonic sensor.
- the parking assistance device according to the invention has the features and advantages already mentioned above in connection with the method according to the invention.
- the motor vehicle according to the invention comprises a previously described parking assistance device according to the invention. It also has the features and advantages already mentioned.
- the motor vehicle may be a passenger car, a lorry, a bus, or a minibus, each with or without a trailer.
- the lamps or lights used in the context of the invention to generate light patterns or light signals may be mounted on all sides of the motor vehicle, for example in or on the exterior mirrors.
- the computer-implemented method according to the invention comprises commands which, during execution of the program by a computer, cause it to carry out a method according to the invention described above.
- the computer program product according to the invention includes commands which, during execution of the program by a computer, cause it to carry out a method according to the invention described above.
- the previously described computer program product according to the invention is stored on the computer-readable data carrier.
- the data carrier signal according to the invention transmits the previously described computer program product.
- the computer-implemented method according to the invention, the computer program product according to the invention, the computer-readable data carrier according to the invention and the data carrier signal according to the invention have the advantages already mentioned in connection with the method according to the invention.
- compositions which contains the components A, B and/or C, the composition may contain A alone; B alone; C alone; A and B in combination; A and C in combination; B and C in combination; or A, B, and C in combination.
- FIG. 1 shows schematically an exemplary method according to the invention in the form of a flow chart.
- FIG. 2 shows schematically a variant of a method according to the invention in the form of a flow chart.
- FIG. 3 schematically shows a subroutine of a method according to the invention shown in FIG. 2 for a semi-automated parking assistance function in the form of a flow chart.
- FIG. 4 shows schematically a subroutine of a method according to the invention shown in FIG. 2 for a fully automated parking assistance function in the form of a flow chart.
- FIGS. 5 - 9 each show schematically a top view of a two-lane road during the execution of a method according to the invention.
- FIGS. 10 - 11 show schematically a top view of a motor vehicle and the calculation of the course of the safety line 6 .
- FIG. 12 shows schematically a top view of a two-lane road during the execution of a method according to the invention.
- FIG. 13 shows schematically a top view of a two-lane road during the execution of a method according to the invention in a further variant.
- FIG. 14 shows schematically a top view of a two-lane road during the execution of a method according to the invention in a further variant.
- FIG. 15 shows schematically a top view of a two-lane road during the execution of a method according to the invention in a further variant.
- FIG. 1 shows an exemplary method in the form of a flow chart.
- the method for operating a parking assistance function starts with step 10 .
- an active parking assistance system is used to scan the vehicle surroundings for a suitable parking space, which is either free or from which another vehicle is currently unparking.
- step 12 the parking assistance system determines a suitable parking space, and the driver stops the vehicle at a suitable position.
- Individual user settings can be taken into account, for example desired road lighting or distances to neighboring vehicles. Corresponding user settings are indicated by the input block 13 .
- the parking process is also started in step 12 .
- a planned trajectory has already been calculated.
- the start of the parking maneuver can be marked in various ways, for example, a reverse gear can be automatically engaged by the system, the driver can confirm the start of the maneuver via a human-machine interface (HMI) or via a dedicated input device, or the driver leaves the vehicle (in the case of remote parking variants).
- HMI human-machine interface
- the driver leaves the vehicle (in the case of remote parking variants).
- no otherwise provided special road lighting is carried out to mark the maneuvering area.
- step 14 based on the trajectory already determined in step 12 , the area required by the motor vehicle for the imminent movement is calculated.
- step 15 the area outside the vehicle is illuminated, which is required for parking for the currently performed maneuver or the imminent movement of the motor vehicle.
- the area required for the current movement is illuminated or displayed. Preferably, areas which were needed previously are no longer illuminated.
- step 16 other road users, preferably other vehicles, which will potentially intrude into the required maneuvering area, are identified or determined. This is preferably done by means of at least one sensor, for example a camera. Object recognition methods can be used here.
- step 17 the probability of an intrusion of a vehicle determined in step 16 into the maneuvering area, as well as the speed at which the approaching vehicle is expected to cross the maneuvering area, are determined.
- vehicles are considered as approaching road users by way of example.
- the present invention can of course also be implemented accordingly for other road users.
- step 18 an indication to the approaching vehicle in the form of a light pattern is projected onto the road surface.
- This may be a warning symbol and/or appropriate information.
- These are preferably adapted to a reference scheme, which links the way of warning the approaching traffic to different warning levels, in particular to the speed and/or the distance of the approaching vehicle.
- the motor vehicle can be braked automatically or stopped completely if another vehicle or road user reaches or exceeds the intended maneuvering area.
- the communication actions carried out in step 18 i.e. suitable lighting or the sending of warning information or automatic interventions in the planned movement of the vehicle, can be defined and individually specified by user input, for example via a suitable input menu 13 .
- step 19 it is checked whether the following driving maneuver will change the direction of travel of the motor vehicle. If this is the case, the method jumps back to step 14 . If this is not the case, it is checked in step 20 whether the parking maneuver is still ongoing. If this is the case, the method jumps back to step 14 . If this is not the case, the method ends in step 21 . In step 20 , it can be checked in particular whether the parking process has ended or has been cancelled or interrupted.
- FIGS. 2 to 4 illustrate the method in the form of flowcharts.
- step 12 the surroundings of the motor vehicle are monitored with regard to potential other road users, in particular vehicles.
- at least one suitable sensor for example radar, lidar, ultrasonic sensors, cameras, etc., can be used to determine whether there are other road users present, in particular vehicles.
- step 25 a check is carried out as to whether there are other vehicles in the vicinity of the vehicle, for example whether other vehicles are present within a specified radius or within a specified distance on the road from the motor vehicle and are approaching the motor vehicle. If this is not the case, the method jumps back to step 24 . If this is the case, in step 26 the distance between the individual other vehicles and the motor vehicle, their speed and acceleration, i.e. their change in speed over time, are determined.
- a distinction can be made here. For example, below a specified speed threshold of another road user, in particular a vehicle, only its distance from the motor vehicle may be determined and taken into account. Above a defined speed, which may be the aforementioned speed limit, the speed and acceleration of the other road user approaching the vehicle can also be determined and taken into account.
- step 27 a check is carried out as to whether the detected, in particular approaching road user, for example an approaching vehicle, is relevant for the current parking maneuver.
- account may be taken, in particular, of whether the other road user is moving away from or approaching the motor vehicle and/or whether it is moving on the side of the road of the motor vehicle or a different side.
- step 27 If it is determined in step 27 that the detected road user is not relevant for the current parking maneuver, the method jumps back to step 24 . If it is determined in step 27 that the detected road user is relevant for the current parking maneuver, it is checked in step 28 whether the parking assistance system used, i.e. the APA feature or the parking assistance system used, enables or supports longitudinal control of the vehicle. If this is the case, the method is continued according to the subroutine shown in FIG. 4 . If this is not the case, the method is continued according to the subroutine shown in FIG. 3 .
- the parking assistance system used i.e. the APA feature or the parking assistance system used
- step 29 a check is carried out as to whether the parking maneuver has ended or has been aborted. If this is not the case, the method jumps back to step 24 . If this is the case, the method ends with step 30 .
- step 31 the distance traveled by the motor vehicle as a function of time is compared with the distance traveled by the detected approaching vehicle as a function of time.
- step 32 it is checked whether the motor vehicle arrives in a safe position before the detected vehicle or the detected road user reaches or passes the motor vehicle. If this is the case, the method jumps to step 29 of the method shown in FIG. 2 .
- step 33 the minimum speed of the motor vehicle required to avoid a conflict, in particular a collision, is calculated.
- step 34 it is checked whether the calculated minimum speed is lower than the configured maximum permitted speed in the context of the parking assistance function. If this is the case, a notice and/or warning is output to the driver or user in step 35 . This can be done visually and/or audibly. For example, the driver can be informed about the required speed for further maneuvers.
- step 36 it is checked whether the driver reacts to the information and/or warning provided in step 35 . If this is the case, the method jumps to step 29 of the method shown in FIG. 2 . If this is not the case, a braking intervention is carried out in step 37 , for example in the form of a sudden brake intervention and/or by braking the vehicle to a standstill. The purpose of the braking intervention is to indicate the situation and its potential consequences to the driver and/or to bring the vehicle into a safe condition. Only braking or stopping the vehicle can be carried out. Following step 37 , the method jumps to step 29 of FIG. 2 .
- step 38 it is checked whether the current parking process is a first movement to park the vehicle in a parallel parking space. If this is the case, the method is continued with step 37 . If this is not the case, a trajectory for returning to the parking space is calculated in step 39 . Then, in step 40 , the driver is asked to return to the parking space according to the calculated trajectory. Following step 40 , in step 41 waiting is carried out until the detected vehicle has moved away sufficiently. Following step 41 , the method jumps to step 29 in FIG. 2 .
- FIG. 4 a subroutine in the form of a flow chart is shown, which can be performed between steps 28 and 29 of FIG. 2 in the case of a fully automatic parking assistance function.
- steps 28 and 29 of FIG. 2 the parking assistance function of the motor vehicle supports longitudinal control of the motor vehicle, steps 31 and 32 , as described in connection with FIG. 3 , are continued first.
- step 32 If the check in step 32 shows that the motor vehicle is in a safe position before another vehicle reaches it, the method jumps to step 29 of FIG. 2 . If this is not the case, in step 42 it is checked whether the current driving maneuver is the first movement to park in the selected parking space. If this is the case, the minimum speed of the vehicle required to avoid a collision is calculated in step 33 , which corresponds to step 33 of FIG. 3 . Subsequently, in step 43 , it is checked whether the calculated minimum speed is lower than the maximum maneuvering speed provided by the assistance function. If this is the case, the parking maneuver is continued in step 44 with an adapted speed profile. Following step 44 , the method jumps to step 29 of FIG. 2 .
- step 45 the motor vehicle is completely stopped in step 45 .
- This can be done, for example, in various ways, for example by initiating full braking or by slowing down the motor vehicle slowly according to a configured acceleration profile and moving along the planned trajectory or by stopping the motor vehicle parallel to the parking space to signal that the parking space is occupied.
- signals can be sent to other road users, for example by means of hazard warning lights, switching on the lighting, emitting acoustic signals (for example, honking signals) or by light projections on the road surface.
- step 46 waiting is carried out until the relevant other road users, in particular the at least one vehicle, are outside the area required for parking.
- step 47 it is checked whether the motor vehicle is parking in a parallel parking space. In the case of parking in a parallel parking space, it can be assumed that from the second parking movement all further movements take place in a spatial area, for example behind a defined safety line, in which there is no risk of a collision. If the check in step 47 shows that the motor vehicle is parking in a parallel parking space, the parking maneuver is continued in step 48 until the calculated final position is reached. Following step 48 , the method jumps to step 29 of FIG. 2 .
- step 49 the minimum speed of the motor vehicle required to avoid a collision with the approaching vehicle is determined. Then, in step 50 , it is checked whether the calculated minimum speed is lower than the maximum maneuvering speed for which the parking assistance function is configured. If this is the case, the parking maneuver is continued in step 51 with an adapted speed profile. Following step 51 , the method jumps to step 29 of FIG. 2 .
- step 50 If the check in step 50 shows that the calculated minimum speed is not lower than the maximum maneuvering speed, a trajectory is calculated back into the parking space in step 52 , then in step 53 the motor vehicle is moved into the parking space according to the calculated trajectory, and then in step 54 waiting is carried out until the area required for parking is free of other road users. Following step 54 , the method jumps to step 29 of FIG. 2 .
- FIGS. 5 to 9 each show a top view of a two-lane road 2 .
- a motor vehicle 1 according to the invention which comprises a parking assistance device 57 , which is designed to carry out a method according to the invention, intends to park parallel to lane 2 in a free parking space 3 between motor vehicles 4 already parked parallel to lane 2 .
- the motor vehicle 1 comprises a parking assistance device.
- the parking assistance device is designed to carry out a method according to the invention, in particular as described in FIGS. 1 to 4 . By means of the parking assistance device, a trajectory 5 for parking the motor vehicle 1 is calculated.
- an outer safety line or its course 6 is calculated.
- the safety line 6 indicates the road area used by the motor vehicle 1 in the course of the parking process, preferably plus a specified safety distance.
- a motor vehicle 7 is moving in the direction of travel behind the motor vehicle 1 and a motor vehicle 8 is moving on the opposite lane opposite to the direction of travel of the motor vehicle 1 .
- the road area 9 required for parking is illuminated by suitable lighting devices of the motor vehicle 1 before the start of the parking process.
- FIG. 6 wherein the illuminated road surface is denoted by the reference number 9 .
- indication signs can be projected onto the road 2 for approaching road users, such as approaching vehicles 7 , 8 .
- the indication signs are denoted by the reference number 60 .
- the illuminations 9 and 60 of the road surface shown signal to approaching road users how far they can approach the motor vehicle 1 without hindering the parking process.
- FIG. 5 shows the determination of the outer safety line 6 , for example by a simulation of the planned parking process.
- FIG. 6 shows the motor vehicle in a starting position.
- FIG. 7 shows schematically a first parking maneuver, wherein the motor vehicle 1 is reversing and slightly swinging out onto the opposite lane.
- FIG. 8 shows the further reversing movement of the motor vehicle 1 , wherein this swerves to the opposite lane by the maximum amount.
- the illumination of the road surface 9 was adapted to the progress already made in the parking process. This means that only the road surface required in the future will be illuminated and the projection of indication signs will be adapted accordingly.
- the parking process is already so advanced that the motor vehicle 1 no longer needs a road surface of the opposite lane for further parking. Accordingly, no indication sign 60 is projected onto the surface of the opposite lane.
- a global coordinate system is described by the direction vectors x w and y w , and a yaw angle ⁇ around the z-axis perpendicular to the direction vectors x w and y w .
- the local coordinate system of the motor vehicle 1 is indicated by the direction vectors x and y. Points related to this coordinate system are described by the coordinates (x v , y v ).
- the z-axis of the local coordinate system intersects the rear axle 61 of the motor vehicle 1 .
- the y-axis runs parallel to the rear axle 61 .
- the x-axis runs parallel to the longitudinal axis 63 of the motor vehicle 1 .
- the front axle is denoted by the reference number 62 .
- the motor vehicle 1 has a width I vw .
- the distance between the front axle 62 and the rear axle 61 is denoted by I wb .
- the distance between the front axle 62 and the front of the vehicle 55 is denoted by I ot .
- the distance between the rear axle 61 and the tail end of the vehicle 56 is denoted by I or .
- the left-side extreme left-side front point of the motor vehicle 1 resulting from the length and width of the motor vehicle 1 is denoted by reference number 64 .
- the extreme left-side rear point is denoted by the reference number 65 .
- the trajectories of points 64 and 65 resulting during the parking process are calculated on the basis of the calculated and already known trajectory 5 .
- the geometry of the motor vehicle 1 and its dimensions are taken into account here.
- the trajectory of the extreme left-side front point 64 is denoted by line 66 .
- the trajectory of the extreme left-side rear point 65 is denoted by the trajectory 67 .
- the safety line 6 is calculated from trajectories 66 and 67 .
- a safety distance in the y-direction d offset_y and/or a safety distance in the x-direction d offset_x can be added.
- a safety line 6 resulting from the trajectories 66 and 67 can first be calculated and a safety distance can be added to this in the x-direction and/or in the y-direction.
- the safety line 6 is derived from the trajectories 66 and 67 in such a way that for each x-value the maximum y-value, i.e. the larger value of the trajectories 66 and 67 , is used to form the safety line 6 .
- the image section 68 in FIG. 10 shows the determination of the extreme left-side front point 64 plus a safety distance in the x-direction and in the y-direction in an enlarged partial section.
- the respective safety distance d offset can be predetermined or individually specified by a user.
- FIG. 11 also shows the extreme right-side front point 74 , its trajectory 76 during the parking process and the extreme right-side rear point 75 as well as its trajectory 77 during the parking process.
- a right-side trajectory 6 can be calculated analogously to the previously described calculation of the left-side safety line 6 based on the trajectories 66 and 67 .
- an approaching vehicle 7 is informed and possibly warned about the parking process as part of the parking process by means of symbols 60 projected onto the road surface.
- a sensor of the motor vehicle 1 By means of a sensor of the motor vehicle 1 , the distance of the motor vehicle 1 from an approaching vehicle 7 is determined.
- the speed v v1 and/or the acceleration a v1 of the approaching vehicle 7 (V 1 ) is also determined.
- the distance is denoted in the figure by d E2V . From the distance d E2V and the determined safety line 6 , the distance d V2SB of the vehicle 7 from a point SB of the safety line 6 is calculated.
- the point SB denotes the extent of the safety line 6 in the y-direction, with which the vehicle V 1 or 7 can pass the motor vehicle 1 without a collision, i.e. if the motor vehicle 1 does not protrude from the parking space onto the road 2 further in the y-direction than to the y-coordinates of the point SB.
- the distance d E2SB of the motor vehicle 1 in the x-direction from the safety point SB is calculated.
- the distance d E2SB of the motor vehicle 1 in the x-direction from the safety point SB is calculated.
- the distance d E2SB of the motor vehicle 1 in the x-direction from the safety point SB is calculated.
- d slowdown v V ⁇ 1 2 2 * a V ⁇ 1 and the speed of the vehicle V 1 or 7 on reaching the parking space
- v enterparkzone v V ⁇ 1 + a V ⁇ 1 * 2 * d E ⁇ 2 ⁇ SB a V ⁇ 1 is calculated. If the distance d slowdown is smaller than the distance d v2SB (d slowdown ⁇ d V2SB ), a first warning signal is projected onto the road surface in front of the vehicle 7 , for example an encircled green thumb. If the speed v enterparkzone is between 0 and a specified threshold speed v warn , a second warning signal is projected onto the road surface, for example an orange exclamation mark. If the speed v enterparkzone of the vehicle 7 is greater than or equal to the threshold speed, a third warning symbol is projected onto the road surface, for example an exclamation mark marked in red. In other words, depending on the distance, speed, and acceleration of the approaching vehicle 7 , an adapted warning signal is output, which can be output visually and/or acoustically.
- FIG. 13 the distance between the extreme front point 64 and the second safety line 78 , and between the extreme rear point 65 and the second safety line 78 is denoted by dY OP2SL . Furthermore, a second safety line 78 has been defined in FIG. 13 . This line marks the distance from the extreme edge 79 of the road, which can be occupied by the motor vehicle 1 without causing any obstruction of an approaching vehicle 7 . In other words, as soon as the motor vehicle 1 is behind the second safety line 78 , there is no risk of a possible collision with an approaching vehicle 7 .
- a distance d V2SL along the second safety line 78 was defined in FIG. 13 , which indicates the distance of the extreme front point of an approaching vehicle 7 along the second safety line 78 .
- v E describes the speed of the motor vehicle 1 in the direction y W of the coordinate system shown in FIG.
- t dYOP2SL describes the time required in the course of the parking process until the motor vehicle 1 is completely behind the second safety line 78 , especially until the extreme front point 74 is located behind the second safety line 78 .
- an average lateral vehicle speed is assumed to be known.
- lookup tables or physical models can be used to calculate the time mentioned.
- the described approach can be applied to both the extreme front point 64 and the extreme rear point 65 and also to other points located between these two points.
- the time t dYOP2SL is recalculated by adjusting the speed v E and taking into account a maximum possible speed v Emax , so that the condition is fulfilled whereby d v1(tdYOP2SL) is less than or equal to d v2SL .
- the speed of the parking process of the motor vehicle 1 is adapted to the distance, speed and acceleration of an approaching vehicle 7 to avoid a collision.
- FIG. 14 a variant of a method according to the invention is illustrated for the case of an approaching vehicle 8 on the opposite lane.
- the region of the safety line 6 which is located in the area of the road surface of the opposite lane 80 , is first determined on the safety line 6 .
- This region of the safety line 6 is denoted by reference number 79 .
- the distance d V2NSL of the approaching vehicle 8 until reaching a point of the safety line 79 , at which there would be a potential collision between the approaching vehicle 8 and the motor vehicle 1 .
- the distance dX OP2NSL is determined, which the motor vehicle 1 must travel to get to the potential collision point.
- the time t dXOP2NSL is recalculated to meet the aforementioned condition.
- the speed v E is adapted taking into account a maximum possible speed v Emax during the parking process.
- FIG. 15 Another variant is shown in FIG. 15 .
- three positions of the motor vehicle 1 are considered during the parking process.
- the motor vehicle 1 does not yet cross the second safety line 78 .
- the distance d v2SL describes the minimum distance between the four extreme points 64 , 65 , 74 and 75 of the motor vehicle 1 and the approaching vehicle 7 .
- the second position 82 The motor vehicle 1 has partially crossed the second safety line 78 .
- the distance d V2SL describes the minimum distance between either the intersection of a connecting line of the vehicle contour of the motor vehicle 1 , in particular the extreme left-side points 64 and 65 , with the second safety line 78 or the remaining extreme points of the motor vehicle 1 outside the second safety line 78 and the approaching vehicle 7 .
- the entire contour of the vehicle 7 i.e. all extreme points 64 , 65 , 74 and 75 , is behind the second safety line 78 and the vehicle 7 can drive past the motor vehicle 1 unhindered.
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Abstract
Description
x 0 =x v+(I wb +I of +d offset_X*(1−sin(α))*cos(ϕ)−sin(ϕ)*(½*I vw +d offset_Y*(1−sin(α))
y 0 =y v+(I wb +I of +d offset_X*(1−sin(α))*sin(ϕ)+cos(ϕ)*(½*I vw +d offset_Y*(1−sin(α))
α denotes the steering angle of the front wheels when moving along the
x FR =x v+(I wb +I of)*cos(ϕ)+½*sin(ϕ)*I vw
y FR =y v+(I wb +I of)*sin(ϕ)−½*cos(ϕ)*I vw
x FL =x v+(I wb +I of)*cos(ϕ)−½*sin(ϕ)*I vw
y FL =y v+(I wb +I of)*sin(ϕ)+½*cos(ϕ)*I vw
x RR =x v−(I wb +I of)*cos(ϕ)+½*sin(ϕ)*I vw
y RR =y v−(I wb +I of)*sin(ϕ)−½*cos(ϕ)*I vw
x RL =x v−(I wb +I of)*cos(ϕ)−½*sin(ϕ)*I vw
y RL =y v−(I wb +I of)*sin(ϕ)+½*cos(ϕ)*I vw
and the speed of the vehicle V1 or 7 on reaching the parking space
is calculated. If the distance dslowdown is smaller than the distance dv2SB (dslowdown<dV2SB), a first warning signal is projected onto the road surface in front of the
-
- 1 Motor vehicle
- 2 Road
- 3 Parking space
- 4 Motor vehicle
- 5 Trajectory
- 6 Outer safety line
- 7 Motor vehicle
- 8 Motor vehicle
- 9 Road area required for parking
- 10 Start
- 11 Finding a parking space
- 12 Determine parking space, stop vehicle, determine trajectory, start parking process
- 13 Enter user settings
- 14 Calculate maneuvering area
- 15 Illuminate the road surface required for parking for the currently performed maneuver or the imminent movement of the motor vehicle
- 16 Determine vehicles which will potentially intrude into the required maneuvering area
- 17 Probability of an intrusion of a detected vehicle into the maneuvering area and predicted excess speed at the time of intrusion
- 18 Outputting an indication in the form of a light pattern
- 19 Will the following maneuver change the direction of travel of the motor vehicle?
- 20 Is the parking maneuver still ongoing?
- 21 End
- 24 Monitoring the surroundings of the motor vehicle
- 25 Are there other vehicles in the surroundings of the vehicle?
- 26 Determine the distance between the individual other vehicles and the motor vehicle, their speed and acceleration
- 27 Is the approaching vehicle relevant for the current parking maneuver?
- 28 Is longitudinal control of the vehicle possible?
- 29 Parking maneuver completed or agreed?
- 30 End
- 31 Compare distances travelled depending on the time of the motor vehicle and the detected vehicle
- 32 Is the motor vehicle in a safe position before the detected vehicle reaches the motor vehicle?
- 33 Calculate the minimum speed of the motor vehicle required to avoid a conflict, in particular a collision
- 34 Is the calculated minimum speed less than the configured maximum speed?
- 35 Output an indication to the user
- 36 Did the user respond to an indication?
- 37 Braking intervention
- 38 Is this the first movement to park the vehicle in a parallel parking space?
- 39 Calculate trajectory to return to the parking space
- 40 Request to driver to drive the motor vehicle back into the parking space in accordance with the calculated trajectory
- 41 Waiting
- 42 Is the current driving maneuver the first movement to park in the selected parking space?
- 43 Is the calculated minimum speed less than the maximum maneuvering speed provided by the assistance function?
- 44 Continue parking maneuver with an adapted speed profile
- 45 Stop the motor vehicle
- 46 Waiting
- 47 Parking the motor vehicle in a parallel parking space?
- 48 Continue parking maneuver
- 49 Determining the minimum speed of the motor vehicle required to avoid a collision with the approaching vehicle
- 50 Is the calculated minimum speed less than the maximum maneuvering speed for which the parking assistance function is configured?
- 51 Continue parking maneuver with an adapted speed profile
- 52 Calculate the trajectory into the parking space
- 53 Moving the motor vehicle into the parking space according to the calculated trajectory
- 54 Waiting
- 55 Front of vehicle
- 56 Rear of vehicle
- 57 Parking assistance device
- 60 Indication sign
- 61 Rear axle
- 62 Front axle
- 63 Longitudinal axis
- 64 Left-side extreme front point of the motor vehicle
- 65 Left-side extreme rear point of the motor vehicle
- 66 Trajectory of the left-side extreme front point
- 67 Trajectory of the left-side extreme rear point
- 68 Image detail
- 74 Right-side extreme front point of the motor vehicle
- 75 Right-side extreme rear point of the motor vehicle
- 76 Trajectory of the right-side extreme front point
- 77 Trajectory of the right-side extreme rear point
- 78 Second safety line
- 79 Determined region of
safety line 6 located in the area of the road surface of the opposite lane - 80 Opposite lane
- 81 First position
- 82 Second position
- 83 Third position
- Y yes
- N no
- xw Directional vector
- yw Directional vector
- x Directional vector
- y Directional vector
- Ivw Width of the subject vehicle
- Iwb Distance between the front axle and the rear axle
- Iot Distance between the front axle and the front of the vehicle
- Ior Distance between the rear axle and the rear of the vehicle
- doffset_y Safety distance in y-direction
- doffset_x Safety distance in x-direction
- vv1 Speed of another road user
- av1 Acceleration of another road user
- dE2V Distance between subject vehicle and another road user
- dv2SB Distance of the
vehicle 7 from a point SB on the safety line - SB Point on the safety line
- dE2SB Distance of the
motor vehicle 1 in x-direction from the point SB - dYOP2SL Distance between the extreme
front point 64 and the second safety line, and between the extremerear point 65 and the second safety line - dv2SL Distance of the extreme front point of an approaching vehicle along the second safety line
- dV2NSL Distance of the approaching vehicle until reaching a point on the safety line where there would potentially be a collision between the approaching vehicle and the motor vehicle
- dXOP2NSL Distance the motor vehicle must travel to reach the potential collision point
- ϕ Yaw angle
Claims (12)
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DE102021111031.9A DE102021111031A1 (en) | 2021-04-29 | 2021-04-29 | Method for operating a parking assistance function of a motor vehicle |
DE102021111031.9 | 2021-04-29 |
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US20220348139A1 US20220348139A1 (en) | 2022-11-03 |
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US17/658,842 Active 2042-07-07 US11926260B2 (en) | 2021-04-29 | 2022-04-12 | Method for operating a parking assistance function of a motor vehicle |
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JP2021194970A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2021-12-27 | 株式会社Subaru | Drive support device for vehicle |
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DE10102772A1 (en) | 2001-01-23 | 2002-07-25 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Device for adaptive motor vehicle speed regulation dependent on the relative speed and separation of an object in the vehicle path for accident avoidance by emergency activation of vehicle brakes or steering |
US7287884B2 (en) | 2002-02-07 | 2007-10-30 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Vehicle operation supporting device and vehicle operation supporting system |
DE102004056120A1 (en) | 2004-11-20 | 2006-05-24 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Method for collision avoidance or Kollisionsfolgenminderung and apparatus for performing the method |
DE102006050546B4 (en) | 2006-10-26 | 2020-07-23 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Information presentation method |
DE102010031672A1 (en) | 2010-07-22 | 2012-01-26 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for assisting a driver of a motor vehicle |
KR101288069B1 (en) | 2011-11-14 | 2013-07-18 | 현대모비스 주식회사 | Parking assistance system using projector and method thereof |
DE102014011811B4 (en) | 2014-08-09 | 2018-08-09 | Audi Ag | Informing a road user about an autopilot-controlled journey |
DE102016204877A1 (en) | 2016-03-23 | 2017-09-28 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method for operating a driver assistance system for carrying out an autonomous or semi-autonomous driving maneuver of a vehicle and such a driving assistance system |
US20190135169A1 (en) | 2017-11-09 | 2019-05-09 | Magna Electronics Inc. | Vehicle communication system using projected light |
KR102639078B1 (en) | 2018-08-07 | 2024-02-22 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Vehicle and method of projecting informtion on ground |
DE102018217243B4 (en) | 2018-10-09 | 2024-06-20 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Method for optically accompanying a parking manoeuvre of a motor vehicle |
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