US1189072A - Method of making bolts. - Google Patents

Description

E. I. nouns;

METHOD OF MAKING BOLTS. APPLICATION FILED MAR- 31. I914.

1 1 89,072 Patented June 27, 1916.

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THE COLUMBIA PLANDGRAPH C0., WASHINGTON, D

Patented June 27, 1916. 2 HEETSSHEET 2- E. I. DODDS.

METHOD OF MAKING BOLT APPLICATION FILED mung I9 WITNESSES UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ETHAN I. DODDS, OF ZELIENOPLE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T0 KERNER MANUFAC- TUBING- COMPANY, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENN- SYLVANIA.

METHOD OF MAKING BOLTS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed March 31, 1914. Serial No. 828,495.

1 '0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ETHAN I. Donos, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Zelienople, in the county of Butler and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Methods of Making Bolts, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure l is a side elevation of a blank from which the bolts are formed; Fig. 2 is a similar view of the blank after it has passed through the first step; Fig. 3 is a similar view of the blank after it has been pierced; Fig. 4c is a further view of the blank after it has been twisted; Fig. 5 is a similar view of the blank after-the body portion has been restored to its initial cross section; Fig. 6 is a side elevation of a finished bolt; Fig. 7 is a side elevation of an apparatus for reducing the body of the blank; Fig. 8 is a sectional plan view of the piercing dies; Fig. 9 is a sectional view on the line IXIX of Fig. 8; Fig. 10 is an end view of one form of closing dies; and Fig. 11 is a side elevation of rolls for restoring the body to its initial cross sectional area after it has been pierced.

The object of my invention is to provide a I method whereby I can readily and cheaply make a bolt having a body portion comprising a plurality of members twisted about each other and which extend from integral heads at the ends thereof, and in which the body portion is of reduced diameter and is provided with the outer scale formed while working the metal. In manufacturing these bolts by one of my methods, I take a blank of approximately the diameter of, or slightly greater than, the heads, then reduce the body portion to the proper diameter, and afterward pierce the body portion to form twoseparate members extending from head to head, and then close the opening made by the piercing die to restore the body portion to its initial cross section, and then twist the members of the body portion about the axis of the bolt, or the members between the heads may be twisted about each other before the openings are closed.

I am aware that it is old to form bolts of a plurality of members, upset and weld the head portions to form heads of a greater diameter than the body portion, then twist the body portion and thread the heads. I am also aware that it is old to form bolts from a single member which has been slotted by means of a saw, threaded and then the portions between the threads turned off to reduce the body of the bolt to a diameter less than the bottom of the threads. In this last constructiom'the scale formed by rolling the metal while hot is removed, which greatly reduces the strength of the bolt and at the same time provides a surface which is more readily attacked by foreign matter in the feed water for boilers.

The precise nature of my invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, which will now be described, it being premised, however, that various devices may be used to carry out my invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention, as defined in the appended claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings,

the reference character 2 designates an apparatus for reducing the body portion of the bolt. Y In carrying out the first step of my 'invention, I take a blank such as shown at A in Fig. l, the diameter of which is equal to or slightly greater than the diameter of the heads of the finished bolt, and reduce the body portion by means of apparatus such as shown in Fig. 7, or by any other well known apparatus, to form a blank such as shown at B in Fig. 2, which is provided with heads 3 and a body portion 4. This blank is then placed in holding members or dies'5, such as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, and the body portion pierced by means of a punch 6 to form a blank such as shown at C in Fig. 3, having an opening 7 in the body portion thereof ex tending from approximately one head to the other head.

As can be seen by reference to Fig. 3, the body portion has been slotted by means of the punch or piercing member. I then twist the body of the blank about the axis of the bolt 90 degrees or more to form a blank such as shown at D in Fig. 4, and then restore the body portion to its initial cross sectional area, as shown at E in Fig. 5, by means of dies 8 in Fig. 10, or if desired by means of rolls 9, as shown in Fig. 11. The heads 3 are then threaded to form the finished bolt,

as shown in Fig. 6. One or both of the heads may be provided with a telltale hole 10, which extends from the center of the outer edge of one of the heads toward or into the body of the metal of one of the body portions.

If desired, the body portion may be restored to its initial cross sectional area by means of dies or rolls immediately after it has been pierced, and then twisted about its axis, but I prefer to twist the body first and then reduce or restore the body to its initial cross sectional area,as by this method I am enabled to turn out blanks, such as shown at E in Fig. 5, which will be absolutely straight. I prefer to heat the blanks before passing them through the various operations, but if desired, the bolt can be made from a cold blank.

If desired, I can first :pierce a blank, such as shown at A in Fig. 1, then twist the body portion, and then reduce it by means of apparatus such as shown in Fig. 7,. or any other suitable apparatus to form a blank such as shown at E in Fig. 5.

In carrying out the step in this sequence, it will readily be understood that the slot pierced in the blank would not be as long as the slot shown at 7 in Fig. 3, as the slot would naturally be elongated with the body during the process of reducing and elongating the body portion.

By piercing, or forming an opening in the blank, as set forth in the specification and claims, I mean forming an opening entirely through, or through the major portion of, the body without removing any metal.

The advantages of my invention result from the provision of a method by which I am enabled to produce abolt from a one-piece blank without the loss of any material, and in which the bolt is provided with a plurality of heads and a body portion formed of a plurality of separate members extending from head to head, which are provided with the initial rolled scale.

Coples'oi this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Another advantage results from the provision of a method whereby I am enabled to form perfectly straight blanks without passingthe blanks through a straightening process.

I claim:

1. The method of making bolts having heads at each end, which consists in reducing the central portion of a blank, then piercing and spreading the central portion without removing any of the metal, and then restoring the central portion to its initial cross-sectional area; substantially as described.

2. The method of making bolts having enlarged heads at each end and reduced body portion, which consists in providing a blank whose diameter is approximately equal to the diameter of the heads, then reducing the central portion of the blank by compression to reduce it to approximately the diameter of the body of the finished bolt and piercing and spreading the body portion without removing any of the metal, and then restoring the body portion to approximately its initial cross sectional area.

3. The method of making bolts having enlarged heads at each end and a reduced body portion, which consists in providing a blank ETHAN I. DODDS.

Witnesses:

Jnssn B. I'IELLER, H. M. CORWIN.

Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. O.

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