US1178007A - Wrench. - Google Patents

Description

A. GLOOR.

WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED .IAN.3I, 1916.

Patented Apr. 4,1916.

J IQ.

Ivar/671m? THE COLUMBIA PLANouRAPH co., WASHINGTON, n. c,

I ewirnn STATES PATENT clarion.

ALBERT GLOOR, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

WRENCH.

To all whom it may concern: 7 Be it known that I, ALBERT GLOOR, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in \Vrenches, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to wrenches. Its general object is to provide a wrench suitable for holding articles of various general shapes where the effectiveand satisfactory holding of such variously shaped articles calls for variously shaped or surfacedjaws,

for instance a serrated or toothed gripping surface for round objects such as pipes. and a plane or angular surface for-nuts and the a like.

More speci'ficobjects'are to provide a wrench of the character mentloned'whlch is simple of construction, strongand durable,

oflight' weight, of few parts, which may be 7 produced atrelatively low cost, and which is-easy, convement and highly effective 1n operation.

Other objects and; advantages will appear hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, I have illustrated a preferred embodiment of these improvements as incorporated in a well known general type of pipe wrench, the specific adaptation of the jaws illustrated being,

broadly speaking, for round and plane-surfaced ob ects, such as pipes and nuts.

In 'these drawings, Figures-1 and 2 are face views respectively of the wrench with its auxlliary 121W shown respectively on opposite sides of the main aw opening; Fig.

3 is a transverse vertical sectional view of I the wrench on the line 33 of Fig; 2; and Fig. 4 isa horizontal section through the movable jaw and auxiliary jaw on theline H of Fig. 2. The scale of Figs. 3 and 4 is somewhat enlarged.

Referring to the drawings, the main shank l0carries a handle-11 at one end and is formed to provide the relatively fixed jaw 12 at the other endthereof. The movable jaw 13 is integral with the threaded stem 14,

passing loosely throughan opening .15 in Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 4., 1916.

Application filed January 31, 1916. Serial No. 75,274.

ative to each'thereof. In 1 it is shown as contacting the jaw 12 while in Fig.2 it is in contact with'the jaw 13. A space for receiving objects to be held is thus provided between the'auxiliary jaw and each of the other two jaws in turn. In thebrdi'u'ary pipe wrench of the general character illustrated both thejaws, as 12' and 13, are ser rated or provided.- with teeth whereby the desired grip upon pipes or rodsjmay be had. In myimproved wrench I prefer to serrate the gripping or holding surface of only one of these jaws, preferably the relatively movable jaw 13, as at 21, leaving the jaw 12 with aplane' and relatively smooth surface, as 22.

The auxiliary or intermediate jaw 20 is preferably also serrated upon that face thereof,

as 23, which is toward the serrated surface on the other jaw. while the face 24 thereof; is preferably plane and relatively-smooth] where, as in the instance illustrated, thetoolis what may be terrned a combined pipe and nut wrench. The jawsfmay be formed or surfaced otherwise, of course, according to preference or for particular special pur poses. It is clear that whenthe' auxiliary jflWQO is moved so as to lie against or in pressure-receiving relat on to the aw'12 an opening,as 25, may be had between the jaws i QOjand 13 adapted to hold Pipes and similar round objects, while, when the auxiliary jaw 20'is moved so as to contact or be in pressure-receiving:relation to the jaw 13 an I opening, a s26,is provided adapted to hold nuts and other similar or flat objects after the manner of any well. known wrench, for

instance the ordinary monkey wrench.

Owing to the adjustability of the jaw 13 the openings 25 and 26 may of course vary from nothing at all up to that provided by the full extension of the jaw 13.

In order to secure the auxiliary jaw 20 additional advantages later herein men" tioned may conveniently be had, I provide a stemor extension 28 from the intermediate jaw-20, preferably integral therewith, and preferably held by one or both of the relatively fixed parts 10 and 14. According to the illustrations I am considering the stem 28 as held by the shank 10. In the preferred construction the shank 10 and the intermediate jaw support 28 are dove-tailed together, whereby the support 28 may slide relative to the shank 10 and in the direction of the adjustments of the movable jaw 13, the tenon 29 being shown asupon the stem or support 28 whilethe mortise groove 30 is cut in the shank 10.

It is preferable during the use of the tool that the intermediate jawQO-be held in its desired relative position with respect to one a or the other of the jaws 12 and 13. The

80 positioned and of suchproportions. that means for this purpose shown comprise a swinging catch mounted on the inter,

mediate jaw 20 and consisting of a pivotal through-pin 31 having an arm 32 at each end thereof, the ends of these arms 32 being turned toward each'other as at 33, the jaws 12 and 13 having on each side thereof grooves 34cut on an arc having the radius of the swinging arms 32, the ends 33 of the arms being adapted to enter the grooves 34 on the jaws 12 or 13 and thus releasably hold theintermediate jaw against one or the other as desired.

As'mentioned, the keeper 16 is pivotally mounted, giving rise to a certain relative tilting movement of the aw l3 desirable in a pipe wrench, the action causing the movable jaw 13 to bind upon the object being held when an object-holding or turning movement is applied upon the handle, the object being automatically released when the handle is moved in thefopnosite direction for the next grip. Such action, however, is not desirable in a wrench for nuts and the like as it permits the opposingj-aws to come out of their desired substantially parallel v arrangement. thus causing slippage as well as lncident in ury to the corners of the nut.

To overcome this tilting action in one use of the device while preserving it for practical purposes in the other I provide a stop,

as '36, upon the intermediate jaw-support 28 when the intermediate'j aw 20 is against the jaw 13, as in Fig. 2, the stop 36 is substantially in contact with the adjusting stem 14,

the movable jaw 13 is free to tilt relative to the jaw '12 as desired. 1 i Heretofore in such general type of pipe wrenches a pair of springs has been ordinarily employed to maintain the movable jaw, as 13, with its holding face, as 21, substantially parallel with the opposing face, as 22, of the jaw 12, the tilting or rocking motion hereinabove referred to being chad 7 against the resistance of such springs. One of such springs. substantially as heretoforeused, is the spring 38 rigid with the shank 10 and pressing against an inner wall of the extension 16 of the keeper 16.7 Thee-other:

spring heretofore used has been substantially of the character of the leaf spring 39, pressing against the transverse wall 4'0 be tween the openings 15'and 41 of the keeper 16. Heretofore the spring,- as 39, has been secured upon the maintshank, as 10. In my 1 present improvements this spring 39 is securedfupon the sliding stem 28. the front end'of thespring 39 being turned somewhat toward the slide 28 so that when the jaw 20 is moved in a direction away fromthe handle 11 the spring 39will'be sure to pass and 39 cooperate to maintain the working faces of thejaws 12 and 13' substantiallyi parallel.

under the nut 18. When the parts are in the relative position of Fig. 1 the springs 38 r In practice a workman, for instance in' plumbing operations, 18 COIlStflIltlY'lll need of a wrench for pipes. and a wrench for nuts;

and the like, and ordinarily two wrenches .110 the advantages of my present invention only for this purpose are required. In view-of one wrench is necessary, a very simple'movement of the fingers releasing the intermediate jaw and transferring same to the op-' posite side' of the jaw opening where'it is himself with'an eflicient pine wrench or a nut wrench without leaving his work to look-T for anothertool. a

The improved device can be made and sold as easily secured,-and thus within the space of a few seconds the workman can provide at a relatively small increase of cost over the ordinary wrench to which it may be adapted. Its use also lessens the bulk and weight of tool equipment to be carriedabout.

I 7 '125 All of the wrench parts will readily be formed and assembled according-to practices well understood in the mechanic arts.

While I haveillustrated these improvements in combination with a certain well known type of wrench, in which typeit is peculiarly advantageous, it will readily be understood that the same may be applied to other forms of-wrenches, and also that various changes and modifications may be made in the specific details and arrangements of parts herein shown and described, all within the true spirit of the invention and improvementsherein setforth. Reference should, therefore, be had to the appended claims to determine the scope of this advance in the art, and I contemplate all such changes and modifications from what is illustrated herein as are included in these claims.

I claim:

1. In a wrench, the combination of a shank having a relatively fixed jaw, a vrelatively movable jaw adjustably mounted on said shank to move from and toward said relatively fixed jaw, an auxiliary jaw intermediate said other two jaws, said auxiliary jaw having a stem slidably mounted in said shank wherebysaid auxiliary jaw may be moved to provlde a space between it and each of said two jaws alternately for the reception of objects to be held, the objectholding surfaces on said intermediate jaw and on said other two jaws respectively being so formed that objects of one general shape may be held between said intermediate jaw and said relatively fixed jaw and objects of another general shape may be held between said intermediate jaw and said relatively movable jaw, and means for holding said intermediate jaw in operative position.

2. A wrench comprising in combination a relatively fixed shank having a jaw, a yoke member mounted on said shank, a relatively movable jaw having a screw-threaded stem extending loosely'through an opening in said yoke member and substantially parallel with said shank, an adjusting nut-like element on said threaded stem and loosely confined'in said yoke member, an auxiliary jaw between said other two jaws and having a gripping surface for objects of one general shape toward one of said jaws and having a gripping surface for objects of another general shape toward the other of said jaws, said auxiliary jaw having a stem slidably mounted in said shank whereby it may be moved against each of said other jaws alternately, and means for holding said auxiliary jaw releasably against one of said other jaws.

3. A wrench comprising in combination a relatively fixed shank having a aw, a yoke member mounted on said shank, a relatively movable jaw having a screw-threaded stem extending loosely through an opening in said yoke member and substantially parallel with said shank, an adjusting nut-like faces on' said auxiliary jaw and on said other two aws respectively being so formedthat objects of one predetermined general shape may be held between said auxiliary jaw and said relatively fixed jaw and objects of another predetermined general shape may be held between said auxiliary jaw and said relatively movable jaw. V

4:. A wrench comprising in combination a relatively fixed shank having a jaw, a yoke member mounted to rock on said shank, a

relatively movable jaw having a screw-- threaded stem extending loosely through an opening in said yoke member and extending substantially parallel with said shank, a thumb nut on said threaded stem and loosely confined by said yoke member, an auxiliary jaw between, said other two jaws and mounted for movement into pressure-receiving contact with each thereof alternately,'said auxiliary jaw having two object-holding surfaces, the object-holding surfaces on said auxiliary jaw and on said other two jaws respectively being so formed that objects of one predetermined general shape may be held between said auxiliary jaw and said relatively fixed jaw and objects of another predetermined general shape may beheld between said auxiliary jaw and said relatively movable jaw, said auxiliary aw ha ing a stem slldably mounted on said shank,

said last mentioned stem carrying a stop 7 adapted to contact said t ireaded stem whereby said movable jaw is substantially held against a rocking movement in one direction when said auxiliary jaw is in operative positicn against said movable jaw, the arrangement being such that said stop comes out of holding engagement with said threaded stem when said intermediate jaw is in operative position against said relatively fixed jaw.

5. In a wrench having a relatively fixed jaw and a relatively movable aw adjust ably mounted whereby the space between said jaws may be varied and mounted wherei by said movable jaw may rock relative to said relatively fixed jaw, the combination therewith of an auxiliary jaw between said other two jaws and mounted whereby it may be moved against each of said two jaws alternately, the two holding faces of said auxiliary jaw and the holding faces respectively of said other two jaws being so formed that when said intermediate jaw is against said movable jaw an object of another predetermined general shape may be held between said auxiliary jaw and said relatively fixed jaw, and means under the control of said auxiliary jaw for maintaining said movable jaw substantially against rocking movement 10 in one direction relative m said relatlveiy.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents; 7 Washington, D. O. I

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