US116484A - Improved machin e - Google Patents

Description

4' She eifi Hm J z'r- 1871 S PoLLocK-s IMPROVED MACHINE.

FOR MAKING BRICKS AND SIMILAR ARTICLES 116484 kfiiiimmw'g Q POLLOCKS, IMPROVED MACHiNEy 4a$ NR MAK'NG BRICKS AND SIMILAR ARTICLES 15M- FHOTDi/THOFFAFHIC C SHET.3. sheeksf P0 LLOCKS IMPROVED MACHINE FOR MAKiNG BRICKS AND SIMILAR ARTICLES Flchl': SECTION AT.A.B.

km PM Wifiwwms .1; f 5 w T- POLLOCKS mmzovan MACHINE. 4 Sheets;

FOR MAKING BRICKS AND SIMILAR ARTICLES UNITED STATES JULIUS FREDERICK MOORE POLLOUK, OF LEEDS, GREAT BRITAIN.

IMPROVEMENT IN BRICK-MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 116,484, dated June 27, 1871.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JULIUS FREDERICK MOORE POLLOGK, of Leeds, in the county of York, Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, engineer, have invented anew and useful Improved Machine for "Making :Bricks and similar articles; and I do hereby-declarethe following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing and to the figures and letters marked thereon. I According to this invention the crushingrolls pug-mill, molds, and pressing-dies, with their actuating mechanism, are all arranged in com binationupon one base-plate, and the material to be worked is fed through a hopper to the crushingrolls, passing from them into the pugmill, whereinit is tempered, and which forces it into the molds, wherein it is formed (when making bricks) into perfect, common, or unpressed bricks of the ordinary well-known descriptions; and these unpressed bricks are afterward conveyed, by selfacting means, from the molds to the pressingdies, which latter are made slightly larger lat-.

.of said specification.

' The crushing-rolls are actuated by worm-wheels and worms or-endless screws running in vessels containing oil orother lubricant, and the pugmillis provided with an adjustable trap-door or opening atits lower end, which serves as a vent in case: of an excessive downward pressure of the cla'y'andfoi' otheruseful purposes. And in order that others skilled in the art may be enabled to make and use my invention, I annex a drawing thereof, in which Figure 1, Sheet 1, is a sectional elevation ofa machine constructed according to my invention,

but without platform; Fig. 2, Sheet 2, an elevag tion atright angles to the foregoing; Fig. 3, Sheet 3, a sectional plan through the line A B of Figs. 1, 2, and 5; Fig. 4, Sheet 4, a detached section (through 0 D, Figs. 1 and 2) of the ratchet motion,

by which intermittent motion is given to the moldtable 5 Fig. 5, a detached elevation of the steam- ;press;and Fig. 6, a plan of the press-cylinder.

a a are a pair of crushing-rollers, and a a fixed scrapers to prevent the clay from clinging to them. I) is an ordinary pug-mill provided with a hopper, N, for catching all that falls fiom the rollers, and having a sliding or adjustable door,

plates; 6 a their stocks or guide-rods; and 6 e the anti-friction rollers, which raise the rods by passing up an incline, e (seen best in Fig. 1,) and move the plates and molded bricks from the position shown at X to that at Y. f is the bottom disk, in which are sockets i to guide the moldplates 6 and g, the ring from which it receives motion by means of the pawl k h, a spring,wl1ich presses the pawl h into the recesses of the ratchetdisk f and k my improved eccentric or cam arrangement for drawing the pawl it back and holding it out of gear, so that the other parts of the machine may be worked without turning the table. Reciprocating motion (in this case through about a quarter of a revolution) is given to the ring 9 by means of the connecting-rod whose other end is actuated by the pin of the rotating crank or disk g affixed to the shaft 0. A second pawl may prevent any return motion of the table. i

is the cylinder of the press, by which the molded bricks are pressed, and '5 its piston and pistonrod, which I prefer to cast in one piece. The piston-rod is rigidly connected with two crossheads, j j and side rods j. k is the die in which the bricks are pressed between cross-head jl and a loose block, 15*, sliding in said die and H lare the rollers for driving the delivery-belt or band may be drawn back out of the influence of the cam by unscrewing a nut and sliding the spindle along the slot in the lever. The nut is, by preference, made in the form of a small hand-wheel,

as shown at 12 r is the delivering-lever,by

which the molded bricks are delivered from the rotating molding-table e to the press-die 7a. This lever, whose fulcrum is at T is actuated by a second cam, 7 on the shaft 0, and gives a reciprocating motion to a slide, 1"", faced with felt or other woolen material, and working on a fixed slide-bar, r. The lever 1" also gives motion,

through a connecting-rod, s, to the check or guard-lever, t, having its fulcrum at t The molds e are lubricated in succession by the padded plunger u, which is attached to and recipromolded bricks as they pass under it on'their way to the press. w is a tank or vessel formed in the cast-iron framing of the machine, and contains oil or other lubricant, which may be supplied to the plunger u and roller 11 by means of pipes provided with regulating-taps or cocks, I prefer to use a pipe having two branches with taps or cocks for supplying lubricant to the plunger, but for the roller I have found that one orifice is sufficient. To further guard against adhesion of the brick to the top plate of press, 1 heat the latter by passing steam through it. '1 is the drivingpulley, by which motion is imparted to the machine. 5 is a pinion keyed to one end of the shaft 3, and giving motion to the wheel 6 keyed onto the shaft 7. This shaft 7 also carries the spurwheels 8 and 9 and the miter-wheel 10. The spur-wh eel 8 gives motion to another spur-wheel, 11, turning'on a fixed stud. This wheel 11 gives motion to the vertical shaft 0 through the medium of the miter-wheels 12'and 13. The wheel 9 gives motion to the wheel 14 for actuating the disk W. The miter-wheel 10 givesmotion to the miterwheel 15, which'is keyed upon the shaft 0 of the pug-mill. The driving-shaft 0 also carries two worms one of which is shown in section at 16 in Fig. 2. These worms run in vessels containingoil v or other lubricant, as shown in section at 17 in Fig. 2. The worms impart motion in opposite directions to two worm-wheels, one of which is keyed to the shaft of each crushing-roller, as shown at 18 in Fig.2. The shaft 0 carries a spur-wheel, 19, which drives the delivery-rollers I through the medium of the spur and miter wheels 20, as is shown in plan at Fig. 3. The shaft of one ofthe delivery-rollers l carries a bandwheel, 21, from which'motion is imparted to the band-wheel 22, secured to the axis of the cylindrical brush 23, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. In the arrangement I have drawn, the motive power of the press is obtained from steam entering the valve-chest i by the pipes 24 and exhausting through the pipe 25 5 but I do not confine myself to the use of presses worked by steam. Q is the basc-plate, upon which the whole of the mechanical parts are arranged to operate in combinations, 2 2 being the main pillars and framing of the machine, as is clearly illustrated in the drawing. 2 is an ordinary platform for the attendant, which is partly shown only in Fig. 1.

The operation is as follows: The clay or brickearth' is thrown into the hopper H above the rollers a a; by passing between them it is crushed, and it then enters the pug-mill b, falling by its own gravity until it comes under the influence of the helical knives dd. These knives d d rotate, and so cause the clay or brick-earth to descend, and while it is descending the said knives mix and amalgamate it, and water is admitted through perforations in the pipe P the supply of which may be regulated by the attendant) for the purpose of rendering the clay-or brick-earth plastic. The descent of the clay-continues until it is forced by the double-bottom knife d into a compact mass into the mold X. When this mold is full the tabie e rotates, by'means .of the intermittent motion it receives from the disk f and ratchet h, before referred to the brick is then passed under the lubricating-roller v, by which its top is lubricated; it is then raised by the incline e to the position shown at Y, in Figs. 1 and 3, and from this position it is removed, by the delivering-lever r and its slide 1"", to the press. Steam is then admitted above the piston i and gives the press ing blow, after which the steam is admitted bet low the piston, and raising the latter, the crosshead j and the block t*, which, as it rises, carries the brick out of the die is. The pressed brick is finally pushed forward onto the delivery-belt or band m by the advance of the next molded brick, and is carried to any convenient distance from the machine, ready for drying or baking.

The molds e in the table, from which the bricks have been taken, afterward successively assume the position in which the lubricating-plunger u enters them, and oils their sides and bottom plates previously to their again passing under the pugmill, as hereinbefore described; after which the molds are refilled from the pug-mill for making other bricks, and the operation proceeds as before. In starting the'machine the ratchet motion of the table is thrown out of gear and the ventdoor of the pug-mill opened wide; the machine is then put in motion, with the table standing still, until a stream of compact clay issues from the pug-mill vent b the vent is then nearly closed and the table thrown into gear. By these means the first brick is produced perfect without leaving any mess or loose dirt about the working parts of the machine. The machine is capable of making either pressed or unpressed bricks, at the will of the attendant.

Having described the nature of my invention 4 and the manner of performing it, I would remark that the details shown in the drawingmay be modified without departing from the distinctive features of my invention: thus, for instance, it

will be evident that the molds and dies may be arranged in sets of two or more, so as to produce several bricks simultaneously.

What I claim as of my invention, and desire to W, a lubricating-roller, v, and a lubricating-plunger, n, the whole operating substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. The combination of the series of molds e, the slide r and the press, to which the molded bricks are conducted by the action of the slide, substanbricks from the die, as set forth.

6. The delivery-slide and lever r, in combination with the check or guard lever 75 for determining the exact position of the brick to be pressed, substantially as described.

7. The combination, with the delivery-rollers l and belt m, of the rotating cylindrical brush 23 for removing excrescences from the bricks as they leave the machine, substantially as described.

8. The arrangement of the circular table e and lower disk f, having sockets i for guiding the stems of the mold-plate e as specified.

9. The combination of the table 6, "disk f, ring 9, its pawl, and devices for operating the said ring intermittently, as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my nam to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' JULIUS F. M. POLLOOK. Witnesses:

J. EDWARD BOOTH, WILLIAM H. TAYLOR,

Clerks to Thomas Greenwood Teale,

Notary Public, Leeds. v

Images