US1153245A - Process of sizing yarns. - Google Patents

Description

W. A. NIVLING. PROCESS OF SIZING YARNS. APPLICATION FILED MAR.7.19I4.

Patented Sept; 14, 1915,

2 SHEETSSHEET l rf/I llh 7 u.

Attorneys Patented Sept. 14, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Inventor Attorneys WALTER A. NIVLTNG, OF BQSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

rrtocnss or sizine' YAnns.

Specification of Letters Patent. 'Patentdsept. 14L, 1915.,

Application filed March 7, 1914. Serial No. 823,189.

To all whom it may concern..-

Be it known that I, WALTER A. NIVLING, a

citizen of the United States, residing at Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Process of Sizin Yarns,'of which the following is a speci cation.

This application discloses a novel form of sizing apparatus and sets forth a novel process of sizing. 3

As a preliminary 'statement it will be understood that a sizing of the thread or yarn which is used in the manufacture of cotton cloth is necessary in order to strengthen the yarn or thread and to lay the fibers so that the material may be adequately and properly prepared for the weaving operation. Under the ordinary procedure, a quantity of sizing material sutlicient tob'ring about the desired depth and to secure a maximum sizing efiicie'ncy is run into the size box. As the level of the size falls, new size is occasionally added and as a result of the foregoing the maximum depth of sizing material and conditions which promote a maximum efiiciency prevail for an instant only and, at times, works wholly unsuited for the operation of weaving results, due to the failure to restore the proper depth of sizing material soon enough, and due to the fact that the depth of the sizing material in the size box is constantly fluctuating and may fall too low.

The amount of sizing material taken up by the yarn or thread depends upon several factors, namely, the density of the sizing solution, the character of the material'used asa sizing, the tension of the material being sized, the twist thereof, the diameter of the yarn, thread or material, and the depth of submergency, as well as the time during which the yarn or other material is kept submerged, either from the :rate of travel of the material to be sized, the depth of the sizing material, or both. A fluctuating depth of size, therefore, affects the length of time during" which the yarn-is able to absorb the sizing material. I

One objectof the present invention is to provide a process of sizing Whereinthe sizing material is kept at a constant level,

Another object of the invention is to provide a process of the sort above mentioned in which, simultaneously with the maintenance of a constant level, the heavier portions of structure depicted in Fig.

the size adjacent the bottom of the size box are removed. The process contemplates a means whereby the depth of the size may be varied, the size being kept at a constant level, however, between the times of change.

The, invention contemplates a sizing apparatus, whereby, as the material is guided through the size box, a constant level will be maintained and whereby the heavier portions of the size may be withdrawn from a point adjacent the bottom of the size box, means being provided for chewing the depth of the size in the size box at intervals.

With the above and other objects in view which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention resides in the combination and'arrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter described and claimed, it being understood that changes in the precise embodiment of the invention herein disclosed can be-made within the scope of what is claimed without departing from the spirit of the invention.

In the accompanying drawing: Figure 1 isa sectional view, partly in, elevation, and illustrating diagrammatically, one apparatus constructed in accordance with the; present' invention; Fig. 2 1s a .section' through one ofthe size boxes; Fig. 3 is an elevation of the constant level device; Fig.

4 is a vertical longitudinal section of the constant level device; Fig. 5 is a transverse section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3; Fig. 6 is an elevation showing .a portion of the gate. Fig. 7 is a sectional detail illustrating a modified form of constant level device; Fig. 8 is a side elevation showin the modified broken away; Fig. 9 is a transverse section; Fig- .10 is a detail illustratinga portion of the actuating plunger; Fig.11 is a perspective detail illustrating a portion of the clamping and guiding mechanism. 7

In the accompanying drawings the numeral 1 indicates a size box of any approved construction,rthe numeral 2 indicat-in the material which is to be sized. Any suitable means may be provided for guiding the material 2 through the size box 1. As an illustration there is depicted in Fig.2, a guide roller 3 journaled for rotation adjacent one end of the size box, a vertically adjustable immersion roller 4 located within the size box, supporting rollers 5 located within the size box and heavy compression rollers 6 c0- parts being operating with the supporting rollers 5, the compression rollers 6 being provided with compressible facings 7. 'The material 2 which is to be sized passes over the top of the guide roller 3, beneath the immersion roller 4 and between the compression rollers 6 and the. supporting rollers 5. These details, however, may be changed without jeopardizing the utility of the invention, it being necessary merely that the material 2 be guided through the size box by some suitable means.

In the present embodiment of theinvention there is provided a.const ant level device, the details of which are shown in Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6. Different forms of constant level devices may be resorted to, but the constructions herein disclosed Will be found peculiarly efiicient for the ends in View. i

The constant level device includes a tubular casing 8 comprising laterally separable parts 9 having mating cars 10 through which securing elements 11 pass. Adjacent their lower ends, the constituent parts of the casing 8 are equipped with lateral nipples 12. In the interior of the parts 9 of the casing 8 and adjacent their longitudinal edges upright ribs 14 are formed, the same constituting a guide in which a vertically slidable imperforate gate 15 is mounted. Extended transversely of one of the parts 9 of the casing 8 into close contact with the vertically slidable gate 15 is a platform 16. Located above the platform 16 is a nipple 17 receiving a; pipe 18 which enters the size box 1' at or close to the bottom thereof. Mounted detachably upon the upper end of the casing 8 by threading or otherwise is a cap 19 which may carry a pet cook 20. A, hand wheel 21 or like device is mounted for rotation in the cap 19, as shown at 22. Threaded into the hand wheel 21 is a screw 23 through the lower end of which a connecting element 24 passes, the connecting element 24; being mounted in the upper end of the gate 15.

Any suitable means may be provided for supplying fresh size to the size, box 1, or the several size boxes, when as shown in Fig; 1, more than one size box is employed. The showing of the drawings in this regard is largely diagrammatic and 1t will be obvious to persbnsskilled in the art that changes properly falling within the scope of the invention maybe made to accommodate the structure to plants already in use, or to permit the invention to be employed in buildings already constructed and equipped partially or entirely with a sizing apparatus.

' In one form of the invention a storage tank 25 is provided, and across the tank is extended a screen 26. The storage tank 25 may be equipped with any approved means for heating the size, said means being indicated by the reference character 25. Leading from the storage tank 25 is a supply pipe 27, having a branch 29 for each size box 1, the branches 29 being equipped with valves 30. A pipe 31 communicates with the nipples 12 of the casings .8 and may discharge into the storage tank 25 above the screen 26. In the pipe 31 may be interposed a pump 28.

In practical operation, the heavier and excess portions of the size, lying adjacent the bottom of the size box 1, pass through thepipe 18 into the casing 8 and are prevented fron flowing downwardly by the partition 16. The size rises and flows over the upper edge of the gate 15 and thence passes downwardly into the pipe 31 and from the pipe 31 into the storage tank 25. From the storage tank 25, or from any other suitable source of supply, fresh size is delivered into the size box 1 and when the storage tank 25 is used, fresh size enters the boxes by way of the pipes 27 and 29. The size may be renewed from a size preparation'kettle 32 having suitable means indicated at 33 for discharging into the tank 25, and having a heating means 32.

From the foregoing it will be observed that the heavier portions of the size are drawn away and, simultaneously, a constant level ismaintained in the size box. It is possible to vary the level of the size in the size box 1 by rotating the hand wheel 21 which, engaging the screw 23, serves to raise and lower the gate 15. Thus, the depth of submergence of the material 2 may be regulated.

Through the instrumentality of the mechanism above described the size is maintained at a constant level and the heavier portions of the size are drawn away, the size thus being maintained in a homogeneous condition.

The heating means indicated conventionally at 25' prevents the size in the tank 25 from becoming thickened. One step in the process herein described consists, there fore, in preventing the formation of a thickened and deleterious size, by keeping the size hot.-

At any convenient time, the size box may be emptied through the medium of the pipe 31, the size being forced by the pump 28 onto the screen 26, the size passing thence into the tank 25. The size, therefore, may be salvaged at predetermined intervals.

Referring to that form of the invention which is depicted in Figs. 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11, there is shown a casing 50 of tubular form and comprising separable parts 51, recessed as shown at 52 to form webs 53 united bv securing elements 54. The parts 51 of the casin 50 are rovided with ni les 55 receiving a 'pipe 56 corresponding to the pipe 31. In the interior of the parts 51 of the casing 50 and along their meeting edges ribs 57 are formed, the same defining guides in which is mounted to reciprocate a gate 58. Extended transversely of-one of the parts 51 of the casing 50is a platform 59, the gate 58 being adapted to slide in close and intimate contact with the inner edge of the platform 59. Projecting from one of the parts 51 of the casing 50 is a pipe 60 which forms a communication with the size box. The upper end of the casing 50 may be closed, it desired, as shown at 61 a pet cock 100 being provided. This pet cock, like the cock 20., acts as a vent and prevents the pump 28 from withdrawing too much size and altering the constant level or volume. Tn the loweredge of the gate 58 there is termed a notch 62.

The means for controlling the movement of the gate 58 includes plunger 63, offset as shown at 6% adjacent its upper end, the end G l of the plunger being united by means of a securing element 65 with the lower edge of the gate 58. The oiisetting of the plunger as shown at 68 serves to prevent the plunger from spacing the gate 58 apart from the inner edge of the platform 59, and consequently a close closure is effected between the platform and the gate. The lower end oi the casing 50 is equipped with a nipple 66 carrying a packing gland 6? through which the plunger 63 passes.

The invention includes a tubular standard 68 threaded at 69 into a socket 70 secured to the floor 71 or to any other accessible support.- In opposed portions of the tubuiar standard 68 elongated slots 72 are formed. The lower end of the plunger '63 passes inside of the standard 68 and is equipped with an opening 73 through which passes a rod 7% lyingin the slots 7 2 and carrying wing nuts 75 adapted to bear against the outer .face of the standard ('38. One wing nut is' threaded onto the rod 74 and the other wing nut is fixed to or integral with the rod. Tubular guides'YG are mounted on the rod 7% and engage the inner surfaceof the standard 68.' Owing to the fact that the standard 68 is threadedat 69 into the socket 70, the standard may be raised and lowered. by" rotating the same, thereby permitting an adjustment of the packing gland 67.

The gate 58 may be raised and lowered by loosening the movable wing nut 75, the rod 74 moving in the slots 72 of the standard 68. Obviously, the level of the size in the size boX and the volume of size in the size box is determined by the position of the upper edge of the gate 58. When the gate is raised, as shown in Fig. 7 until the upper edge of the notch 2 lies above the upper face of the platform 59, a complete drainage of the size boX may be effected.

The apparatus herein disclosed is em bodied in my co-pending case No. 878,581 filed December 22, 1914:.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is y l. The herein described process of sizing which consists in guiding the material to be sized through a size boa: and maintaining the size in the size box at a constant level while the material is passing through the size box; and drawing of? the heavier portions of the size from a point adjacent'the bottom of the box. 7

2. The herein described process of sizing which consists in guiding the material to be sized through a size box; withdrawing the heavier and excess portions of the size from a point adjacent the bottom of the box; introducing fresh size into the size box; and maintainingthe size at a constant level in the size box.

3. The process of sizing with liquid that naturally separates into portions of difierent densities, which consists in guiding the ma terial to be sized through a receptacle containing. the sizing liquid; maintaining the sizing liquid at a constant level'in the re ceptacle while the material is passing through the sizing liquid; and removing one of the denser portions of the size from the receptacle.

4:. The herein described process of sizing which consists in guiding the material to be sized through a size box; maintaining the size at a constant level in the size box; withdrawing the excess portions of the size from a point adjacent the bottom of the box; introducing fresh size into the size box; and maintaining the fresh size in a heated condition prior to its introduction into the size box, thereby to prevent a thickening of the size prior to its passage into the size box.

5. The process of sizing with liquid that naturally separates into portions of difi'erent densities, which consists in guiding the material to be sized through a receptacle containing the sizing liquid; maintaining the sizing liquid at a constant level in the receptacle while the material is passing through the sizing liquid; and progressively removing certain of the denser portions of the sizing liquid from the receptacle. I

In testimony that T claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto attired my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

' WALTER A. NTVLING. Witnesses:

J. P. CAMPBELL, R. M. PARKER

Images