US1138082A - Hygrostat or thermostatic device. - Google Patents

Description

W. H. CARRIER.

HYGROSTAT 0R THERMOSTATIC DEVlCE. T1011 man MAY 2e. 1910. M NEWED PEB. 20. 1914.

APPLICA l Patent-ed May 4,1915;

SASHEETS-SHEET I.

W. H. CARRIER. HYGROSTAT 0R THERMOSTATIC DEVICE. APPLICATION FILED MAY'ZB, 1910- RENEWED FEB. 20, 1914.

1,138082. Patented May 4,1915.

a SHEETS-SHEET a.

loto

'. comprises two per cents of hygrostatic' cbnditions.

.TQ all whom t mag/ concern:

r Vice which isactuated by t -action of said WILLIS IH. CARRIER, OF BUFFALO,

NEW YORK, 0F BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

.ASSIG-NO TO BUFFALO FBRG'E COMPANY,

L HYGROSTAT 0R THERMOSTATIC DEVICE.

applicaties sied tray 26, 1910, serial No. 563,509.

that .1, WILLIS H. CARRIER', a citizen yof the United `States, residing at Bualo, in the county of rie and State of ew York, have invented n "t new and' useful mprovement in Hygrostats evices, of which the following is a specification.

Be it known An instrument offthiS character is disclosed in the application for United StatesV patent'iled by myself andvE. W. C September 28, 1908, Serial No.455,208,wh1ch expansible or elementaone influenced by the actual or dry bulb temperature of the air and the other influenced by the lower Wet bulb temperature of the air produced by evaporating moisture in its vicinity, and a humidity'regulating dehe. diiierential p expansible elements. .The fluctuations in the dry and Wet bulb tempera:l tures of the. air, which takeplace while the liiekarcentage of humidity remains constant,

ear a practically fixed relation or radio to other within ordinary rangesr of temthe radios did'er for different humidity, Likewise, the ratio of iluctuationsin the dry and pera'tures of the air remains V each perature, but

the instrument l l the expansible elements have t ,8

letting device through a lever tions to each other corresponding to different ratios of changes in the dry and Wet bulb temperatures of the air, whereby the instru- `to produce ldiilerent desired rlhe object of this invention is to produce an accurate and reliable hygros'tat or thermostatic instrument of lthe nature stated, which is out simple. and practical construction and which can be quickly and easily set to produce dieient the actuation lInidty of the air, or Th'ermostatic of, on an enlarged scale. verse Sectional elevati-onthereof, on an en- Fig. 6- is a transverse diseased in Stia appiiciaon fi'licients of expansion and actuate the reguthe dry and. Wet

coelicient of required results by v Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May d, 1915'. Renewed February 20,` 1914. Serial No. 820,065.

of 'a single adjusting screw or device.-

The insti-merit emmener described is primarily intended for regulating the hubut the 'invention isnot necessarily restricted tol humidity regulatasthe motion of the' device tary longitudinal Sectional elevationy there- Fig-..5 is a translarged scale, in line 5-5, Fig. l. sectional elevation thereof on an enlarged scale, in line 6-6, Fi 2. 7 is a detail section in line 7- Fig. 4. Fig. 8 is a fragmentary perspective view of the connecting lever for vthe expansible elementsand associated parts.

Like reference characters parts the Several figures.

vA and B represent the two thennostatic or expansible elements which tre respectively subjected to the actual, or dry bulb, and the temperatures of th after describe or convenience are hereinafter termed elements, respectively. One element, referably the wet element B, may consist asingle tube or piece of hard rubber or other suitable material having a coeiiicient of expansion. The other,.or shown in Fig. ,4, consistsv of similar material expansion, and a rod 2 which has such a low coefiicient of expansion that it is relatively non-expansible. screw-threaded and rig..

refer to like i havin a Yhigh y This rod i. works in a stationary non-expansible nut a and has an end portion an internal screwso that by screwing is screwed into 'in the tube A,

w thread expansion of the whole `2i?y naled in a bearing af on y 'that the wheel the rod A2` into or outof the tube the eective expansible lengthofV the tube is' creased] or increased and the coeiciento element, consisting of the two parts A and A2,. is changed. The nut a; .preferably has; a guide cavity provided with an insulating ring a in which the adjacent endoi the tube A bears and is adapted .to slide freely, while being held from turningby a key a2. rlhe nut also has a guide extension tion of the rod and is guided, whereby ,the two parts ofthe dry element are 'properly supported and guided. The seifewzrod could be turned by a finger wheel or part at its outer end, but preferably a finger wheel a? is employed having a sha t c@ which is splined in the outer end of the screw A2. The linger wheel shaft vc is jourthe casing D ofthe instrument and is held from endwise movenient therein, as-by a screw a7 extending into a -circumterential groove in the shaft aP so or handle a4 for the screw does notmove lengthwise with the screw when it is turned.

In the construction shown, the two expansible elements are arranged parallel with eachother with one end of the wet element bearing by a point or reduced part b against the regulating lever or device C, opposite en yoi the dry element bear against a pivoted lever or member E which is held against the by a suitable spring C preferably consists oi two parts independently v tulcrumed to posts or parts c of the casing dryV element A bears, an r.1..,having a pointed en .'whichliold the two parts of lsockets in a wall or part f bythin spring plates c c2 the lever in contact and press the lever against the wet element. The lever or member E, as shown in Figs. t and 8, has two and e which are held by D respectively the spring F in of the casing D, in which a point e2 on the end of the d an adjustable screw which bears in a socket on the end of the wet element. h e

spring F, which is connected at opposite a socket draws the lever E toward' but permits to be moved in the opposite direction by the expansion ofthe elements. The regulating lever or device C will remain stationary or be moved in one direction or the other, depending .upon the relative changes in the lengths oi the two expansible elements caused by changes in the temperatures adecting them.

lf the screw-thread of the adjustable part '-AZ and the internal thread of the part A of the dry element.

were of the same pitch `at all times, regardless of the change in as in which av smcothvporof the element and thel free end fulcrum points e f Furthermore, the

length of'the part A due to the expansion thereof' at different temperatures, the coeiiicient the comp d by screwing the part A2 into or out ,of the other part without any change in the eective expansible length of the dry element. But 'the pitch of the thread of the part clianges'with the expansion and contraction of this part, and since the wet bulb depression is diderent for diierent percentages o humidity at the Vsame vdry bulb temperature, the relative lengths of the wet and dry elements will be different for different percentages of humidity. Therefore, when the relative coeiiicients of expansion o t e elements are changed by adjusting the screw A? to obtain a desired percentage o humidity, the relative lengths of the wet and dry elements must also be appropriately changed in order to obtain the proper regu lating action of the lever or device By cutting A and 2 to such-a difference of pitch that the ratio of the two pitches at any temperature is practically the same as the ratio to each other of the wet and dry bulb temperatures, as reckoned Jfrom a predetermine xe oint or zero, which is dependent upon the relative expans'bility of the elements, then at normal temperatures, for example, between 50 and 100 Fahrenheit, the adjustment. of the part A2 more or less into or out of the part A will change the relative expansive lengths of the two elements to the extent required Jfor dierent percentages of humidity as well as changingthe ratio of expansion of the elements. When one part of the lcompound elemen ly nonexpansible,

should be such as to have the same pitch at approximately 4 above zero Fahrenheit.

The adjustment of the relative lengthsof the wet and dry elements could be edected by adjusting the bearing screw e3 carried by the lever E, but by constructing the dry element as above described the turning of the single adjustablepart 2 adjusts for both the expansive length and the vexpansive ratio of the elements at one i adjustable part A2 of the element has sufficient travel to allow the for various percentages of hudry adjustments and the same. time.

midity to be indicated accurately upon a dial. l

The lever or device C could be dierently constructed and. mounted, and means o other construction could be employed for operatively connecting elementsv constructed as described. The free end of the regulating lever C acts as a valve to control a bleeder or escape orifice h, Figs. Ll and 7', in a branch h of a pi e supplies compressed air to the actuating diaphragm or the ltwo exp ansible' H which motor of the apparatus (not v movement of the lever.

larly actuated, can be employed for proj shown) which regulates the humidity of the air. A` restricting-valve [t2 isprovided in the-air pipe .H which. permits only a very small quantity of air. to vpass;totheregulating motor. Ii the .bleeder malice is closed by the regulating device C the air pa can pass the restricting valve to the motor, thusv permitting the motor to eifect an op-l posite movement of the part actuated there by. Thus the regulating device C by opening and closing the bleeder orifice it. acts, through the humidity regulating apparatus, to effectv a change'in the humidity of the a1r.

The invention is not restricted to the means described whereby the movement of the regulating lever C effects the regulation, and other instrumentalities governed by the C, or other part simiducing a desired result. v

he means shown for causing the wet: element to be afected by'the wet bulbtemperature of th y wick I which surrounds the wet element and dips into water in a'receptacle i which 'is automatically replenished, as the water 1s taken up by the wick, from a water reservoir i formed by a largezchamber in the rear portion of the casing D. Water can be' suppliedl to the reservoirand fed auto'- matically therefrom to the receptaclez any usual or suitable-way, for described in said application. s

The expansible elements A )and B are preferably located in an air passagev formed by the walls f and f of the casing D and connecting walls-lac', and air is'caused to circulate through this passage by an aspirator example, as

or other me evaporation of themoisture aroundthe Wet element.

sob

Other, suitable means could be used for subjecting. the 4wet element B to the wet ulb'temperature of air. f

represents a pointer'or index which cooperates with a dial Z for indicating the correct adjustments of the instruments` for dii- .ferent percentages of humidity. This index,

in the construction shown, is pivoted in the rear portion of the casing D and is connected by a link Z to a rod Z2 which slides in a guide tube Z3. This rod is provided at one end with an adjustable screw l4 which is held against a collar on the adjustable 'partAe of the dry element by a spring Z5 acting on the index. The index is shifted with the adjustable part A2 of the dry element and by its position indicates vthe percentage oi humidity for which the instrument is set. Any

character described, the combination 'relative expansible length and th .Y sive ratio of' said elements e air consists of an absorbent;l

an'sto insure an activeother suitable means actuated by the adjustmantof the part d? could be employed for this purpose.

` I claim as my invention:` I. In

.connectionshavingf threads which have the same pitch ay temperature approximately 3. In a thermostatic instrument lo f the character described, the combination ofltwo expansible eiements which are respectiyely uenced by the dryand peratnres1 of. the air, one ofv said elements' consisting of a-,diderential screw, the parts of. which have, d' pansion,

a device actuated bythe diii'erential action of said two expansible elements, as set forth.

4. In a thermostatic character described, the combination oi` two expansible elements, means whereby one of said elements is subjected to the temperature of th adjustable simultaneously, and a device which is actuated by the diierential action 'of said two elements, substantially -as set forth.

ln a thermostatic instrument of the character described, the combination ofv two expansible elements, said elements is subjected to the wet bulb temperature of the atmosphere, one of said elements comprising two parts having difof expansion, a support part of said having screw with said other part of the element and with said support, the threads of d screw connections having pitches such wet bulb temv substantially instrument of the y means whereby one of,

a single adjustable j that the'a'djustinent of said adjustable part changes the relative eXpans `the expansive ratio of said elements simultaneously, and a device which is actuated by the differential action of said substantially as set forth. j

6. In` a thermostatic instrument of the character described, the combination of two expansible elements which are subject to different temperatures and are arranged substantially parallel with each other, one of said elements com rising two parts which have different coe cients of expansion and have a screw connection, asupport with which one of said parts has a screw connection, a lever which bears against the free end of said two-part element and against the adjacent end of the 'other element, and a device whichbears against the opposite end lof said last mentioned element and is actuated thereby, substantially as set forth.

7.In a thermostatic instrument of the character described, the combination of two expansible elements, means whereby one of said elements is subjected to the wet bulb temperature of the atmosphere', one of said -elements comprising two parts having di ferent coeiiicients of expansion, a support for said two-part element, one part of said element being adjustable and having screw connections with said other part of the element and with said support, the threads of said screw connections having pitches such that the adjustment of said adjustable'part ble lengths and j two elements,

ldifferential changes thefrelative expansible lengths and the expansive ratio of saidelements simultaneously, and a rotatable operating handle for said adjustable part which' is held from endwise movement with said adjustable part, substantially as set forth.

1.8. ln a thermostatic instrument of the character described, the vcombination of two expansible elements, means whereby one of said elements is subjected to the wet bulb temperature of the atmosphere, one of sai elements comprising two parts having different coefficients of expansion,v a support for saidtwoipart elementone part of said element being adjustable and havingv screw connections with said other part ofthe element and with said support, the threads of said screw connections having pitches such that the adjustment of said adjustable part changesthe relative expansible lengths and the expansive ratio of-said elements simultaneously, a device which is actuated by the action of said two elements, and an index which is connected to and moves with said adjustable part for indicating the adjustment thereof, substantially as set forth. A

Witness my hand this 23rd day of May,

j WILLIS H. CARRIER.

`Witnesses: v

EDWARD C. HARD, C. B. HoRNBEcK. l

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