US1134239A - Hydrocarbon-burner. - Google Patents

Description

0. W. SMITH.

HYDROCARBON BURNER.

APPLICATION FlLED JAN-17.19l2.

Patented Apr. 6, W15.

2 8HEET8-SHEET 1.

1 1 34,23&

WITNESSES.-

THE NORRIS PETERS 60., PHOTO-LITHO WASHINGTON 0. W. SWHTH.

HYDROCARBON BURNER.

APFLICATION FILED MN. n, 1912.

1,1 3&Q3SO Patent d Apr. 6, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET Z.

l/VVENTOR.

WITNESSES:

THE NORRIS PETERS 50., F'HOTOYLITHOH WASHINGTON, D. c.

UNTT S i are.

OSCAR 1V. SMITH, 0F DENVER, CQLORADG, ASSIGNOR TO THE. NATIONAL OIL-GAS BURNER COIWPANY, OF DENVER, COLORADO, A CORPORATION OF WYOMING.

HYDRO CARE OBI-BURNER.

nisaaaa Application filed January 17, 1912.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, OSCAR WV. SMITH, a itizen of the United States, residing at Denver, in the county of Denver and State of Colorado, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to oil-gas burners and more particularly to burners of the character shown and described in the application for Patent No. 626,248 filed in the United States Patent Ofhce on the 10th day of May, 1911.

The objects of the present invention reside in the provision of several modifications in the construction of the apparatus shown in the above application, which while simplifying the same, render it more practical and effective in operation.

My improved oil-gas burner as will hereinafter be described, generates a gas by sub jecting the oil to the influence of heat and this gas after having been united with the necessary oxygen to form carbon monoxid is together with the oil residue, introduced into the flame produced in the combustion chamber of the device. The oil is to this end introduced into a vaporization chamber onto a spiral shelf over which it spreads to a thin sheet and in this condition flows slowly from the upper portion of the chamber to the bottom of the same at which the non-vaporizing residue of the oil is delivered into a suitable receptacle and the gases escape into the combustion'space where they are consumed. A jet of steam continuously ejected from a centrally disposed nozzle, into the vaporization chamber, provides the xygen necessary for the formation of carbon monoxid. It moreover prevents carbonization and by impingement upon the residue deposited in the receptacle at the bottom of the chamber, disintegrates the same and causes it to pass, together with the gases into the combustion space where it is consumed.

The combustion chamber is determined by the space between the bottom of the generator in which the vaporization chamber is included, and the upper surface of a subjacent air box in which air is heated by the heat developed in the combustion space, to be forcibly ejected into the said space by the influence of a jet of steam.

The boiler included in my invention, in

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 6, 1915.

Serial No. 671,658.

which isgenerated the steam used to vaporize the 011 and to forcibly introduce air into the combustion space, is of the flash type and it is constructed to compel a continuous clrculatory movement of the water from the point at which it is admitted into the boiler to the point at which it is discharged from the same in the form of dry steam.

In addition to the above described distinctive features of my invention, means are provided whereby the flow of oil, air and steam may be readily regulated and whereby the size of the combustion space may be varied in accordance with the size and intensity of the flame to be produced.

By the use of a burner of the construction outlined above, a perfectly mixed gas is pro duced and delivered to the flame in the combustion space, instead of it being mixed after it has reached the flame as is the case in most of the burners at present in use, the vaporization of the oil in the presence of steam, prevents carbonization, the non-vaporizing residue of the oil is completely consumed in the combustion chamber and the burner is in consequence kept constantly in a clean condition while the highest eficiency is obtained from the fuel, and a blast-flame is produced without the use of compressors, blowers or other auxiliary appliances, the device being entirely self-contained and at all times under perfect control, and all these features cooperate to produce a burner well adapted for the perfect consumption of petroleum and other oils, tallow, grease, wax and residues of the same.

My improved burner has been illustrated, in its preferred form, in the accompanying drawings in the various views of which like parts are similarly designated and in which,

Figure 1 represents a plan-view of the burner, Fig. 2, a vertical section taken along the line 22 Fig. 1, Fig. 3, a horizontal section along the line 33, Fig. 2, with parts broken away and Fig. 4, a similar section taken along the line 4 4, Fig. 2.

Referring more specifically to the drawings, my improved burner comprises two cooperative elements, to-wit; an air box 2, and a generator 3, placed in superposed relation thereto, the space 4. between the two elements constituting the combustion chamber in which the gas produced in the one 1s consumed in intermixture with air ejected from the other. The element 3 consists of a cylindrical vaporizing chamber 5 surrounded by 7 tion 10 in thelower compartment compels the water to circulate through the entire extent thereof before it reaches an opening 12 in the partition through which it may enter the upper compartment, and the wall of the conduit 13 extending through the latter provides a vertical partition which compels the fluid to again circulate through the upper compartment, before it escapes in the form of steam into the manifold 14 which extends horizontally over the generator.

The manifold 14 is connected at one of its ends with a nozzle 15 which projects axially into the vaporizing chamber and the flow of steam into the said nozzle is controlled by means of a needle valve 16. The manifold connects furthermore with a acket 17which surrounds the pipe 18 through which the oil is conducted to the chamber 5, for the purpose of heating said oil before it is dis charged into the chamber, and the manifold also connects with a conduit 19 which at its opposite end is by means of a branch pipe, connected with anozzle 20 which projects upwardly into the air-box 2, a needle valve 7 21 having been provided to control the flow of steam into this nozzle.

The oil-pipe 18 which is connected with a conveniently located supply, introduces the oil into the vaporizing chamber in a heated condition, at a point near the interior, circumferential surface thereof where it falls upon a flat shelf 31 which winds spirally along said surface to slowly conduct the oil to a point near the bottom of the chamber where a disharge spout 22 directs the residue into a circular cup 23 which is disposed in spaced relation to the wall of a central opening in the bottom of the element 3 to provide an annular passage 25 through which the vapor and residue pass from the vaporizing chamber into the combustion space 4. An annular chamber 24 formed around this opening in the element 3, has in its bottom surface a number of openings for the purpose of discharging into the combustion chamber a gas which being conveyed to the chamber 24 from aconvenient source of supply through a conduit 26, is ignited to heat the generator at the initial point in the operation of the burner ;The cylindrical. air box 2 which con stitutes the base of the burner, is provided near its upper edge with a series of inclined tracks 27upon which a cover-plate 28 is loosely supportedsby means of downwardly extending legs 29. This plate is formed at.

which it is supported. The plate 28 is furthermore provided with a central funnel 32 which has near its upper edge a number of inclined tracks 33 upon which an annular center plate 34 is loosely supported by means of legs 35. This plate 34 is spaced from the upper edge of the funnel toprovide in addition to its central opening, an annular passage for air from the box 2,- into the combustion chamber 4 and the width ofthis passage may be. readily regulated 'by' turning the plate about its axis which will cause it to move up or downwardly along the tracks 33.

Formed exteriorly of the box 2, are a number of entrance chambers 36 through which air is drawn into the same and in which it is heated. Each of these chambers 36, is by means of a partition 37 divided into two compartments which communicate with each other by a passage at the upper edge of the partition. One of these compartments is open at its bottom for the inflow of air while the other is closed at its bottom and communicates with the interior of the box 2 by means of an opening 38 in the circumferential wall thereof. The box 2 is furthermore provided with a circular dividing wall 39 which extends in concentric, spaced relation to its circumferential wall, from its bottom upwardly to a point below the lower surface of the cover 28 but above the lower edge of the funnel 32 which forms part thereof. As a result of this construction, the air after having entered the chambers 36, is compelled to follow a tortuous course, in contact with heated surfaces, before it reaches'the center plate 34 through and around which it is ejected into the combustion chamber, by the steam ejected through the nozzle 20. To further retain the air in contact with the heated walls of the box 2, the entrance chambers 36, and the cover 28, heating ribs 40 42 have been formed respectively along the lower surface .of the said cover and the top-plate of the In the operation of my invention, the V pipe 9 leading to the boiler 6 is conne'cted with a suitable water supply, the pipe 18 leading to the vaporizing chamber with a supply of oil, and the pipe connected with the gas chamber 24, with a source of fuelgas. After the gas escaping from the last mentioned chamber into the combustion chamber has been ignited, as the initial step in the operation, the heat generated thereby converts the water circulating through the boiler into steam, which is ejected through the nozzle 15 into the chamber 5 for the purposes hereinbefore described. The gases generated in the vaporization chamber are, in intermixture with the steam and together with the residue, discharged through the annular passage 25 into the combustion space 4 where, after they have mixed with the heated air and steam introduced into the said space through the openings in the upper surface of the air-box 2, they are consumed in the form of an annular sheet-like flame which envelops the generating element 3.

The valves 16 and 21 and the independent vertical adjustment of the plates 28 and 3%, provide means whereby the supply of steam into the vaporization chamber and the airboX is controlled and whereby the size of the combustion space 4 may be readily varied to regulate the size and intensity of the flame to any desired degree.

Having thus described my invention what I claim and desire to secure by Letters-Pat ent is:

1. In a hydro-carbon burner, a vaporizing chamber having an opening in its lower surface, a cup spaced from the wall of said opening to provide a vapor-outlet, and a nozzle for the introduction of steam into said chamber, onto said cup, the said chamber having a spirally winding surface adapted to discharge matter flowing along the same into said cup.

2. In a hydro-carbon burner, a vaporizing chamber and a base spaced from each other to provide a combustion space, said chamber having an annular outlet, and a gas chamber surrounding said outlet and having an outlet for gas into the said space.

3. In a hydro-carbon burner, a vaporizing chamber and a surrounding boiler, an airchamber spaced from said vaporizing chamber to provide a combustion space, and nozzles in connnunication with said boiler for the introduction of steam into said chambers, the latter having outlets for fluid into said combustion space.

a. In a hydro-carbon burner, an airchamber, a cover having a central opening, and a plate normally spaced from the edge of said opening for the discharge of air, the said cover having inclined tracks upon which said plate is loosely supported.

5. In a hydrocarbon burner, an air chamber, a cover having a central opening,

and a plate normally spaced from the edge of said opening for the discharge of air, the said chamber and the said cover having inclined tracks upon which the cover and the plate are respectively supported.

6. In a burner of the class described, an air chamber, a vertically adjustable cover thereon having a central opening, and an annular plate vertically and adjustably spaced from the edge of said opening.

7. In a hydro-carbon burner, an airchamber having an opening in its circumfer ential wall and an outlet at its upper portion, and an air entrance-chamber in com munication with said opening and constructed to conduct air thereinto along a circuitous course.

8. In a hydro-carbon burner, an air chamber having an opening in its circumferential wall and an outlet at its upper portion, and an air entrance-chamber hav ing an inlet for air and being divided. into two communicating compartments, respee tively communicating with said opening and with said inlet.

9. In a hydrocarbon burner, a vaporizing chamber having a vapor outlet, an open spirally winding shelf in the said chamber, and a steam nozzle for the introduction of steam into said chamber within the hollow of said spiral shelf.

10. In a hydro-carbon burner, a vaporizing chamber, a surrounding boiler formed by an annular acket which is spaced from the exterior surface thereof to provide an open ended flue, and a base spaced from the lower surfaces of the said chamber and the said boiler to provide a combustion space, said chamber having an outlet for vapor into the said space.

11. In a hydrocarbon burner, an air chamber and a superposed generator spaced from each other to provide a combustion space, said chamber having an inlet for air and in its upper surface, an outlet for the same into the said space, and partitions for causing air to follow a circuitous cou 'se from one to the other and means for inducing a flow of air from said inlet, to and through said outlet.

12. In a hydro-carbon burner, an air chamber and a superposed generator paced therefrom to provide a combustion chamber, said air chamber having in its upper surface a funnel for the outlet of air into said combustion space, plate spaced from the edge of said funnel to diffuse said air, and a nozzle for the upward introduction of steam in said funnel.

13. A burner of the class described includ ing a combustion chamber, a generator exposed to the heat generated in said chamber for the liberation of gases from oil and having an annular outlet for gases into said chamber, and means for the separate and forcible introduction of air into the latter within the confines of said outlet.

' 14. A burner of the class described including a. combustion chamber, a generator ex posed to the heat generated in said chamber for the liberation of gases from oil and having an annular outlet for gases, into said chamber, and means exposed to the heat genspace, and a cover on said air-chamber,

which has a central outlet and which is vertically adjustable to vary the width of the said space. V I

16. In a hydrocarbon burner, a vaporizing chamber and an air chamber separated from each other to provide a combustion space, a cover on said air chamber whlch has a central outlet and which is vertically adjustable to vary the width of said space, and a plate spaced from the edge of said outlet.

1 17. In a hydrocarbon burner, a vaporizing chamber and an air chamber separated from each other to. provide a combustion space, a cover on said air chamber which has a central outlet and which is vertically adjustable torvary the width of said space, and a vertically adjustable plate spaced from the edge of said outlet.

18. In a hydrocarbon burner, a vaporizing chamber and an air chamber separated from each other to provide a combustion space, and a cover on said air chamber, which has a central outlet and which has a connection with the wall of the air chamber whereby a rotary movement, of the cover is converted into a vertical adjustment of the same to vary the width of said combustion space. Y

19. In a hydrocarbon burner, a vaporizing chamber and an air chamber separated from each other to provide a combustionspace, a cover on said air chamber, which has a central outlet and which has a connection with the wall of the air chamber. whereby a rotary movement of the cover is converted into a vertical adjustment of the same to vary the width of said combustion-space,

and a plate spaced from the edge of said outlet and having a'connection with said cover whereby a rotary movement of the plate is converted into a vertical adjustment of the same. 1

20. In a hydrocarbon burner, a vaporizing chamber and an air chamber separated from each other toprovide a combustion space, and a vertically adjustable element 1 for the discharge of air from said air-chamber, mto tllG'SitlCl combustion space. V

21. In a hydrocarbon burner, a VEIPOIlZ- 'ing chamber and a base spaced from each other to provide a combustion space, said chamber having in its bottom an outlet for the discharge of vapors into said combustion space, and a gas chamber disposed above the saidcombustion space and having an outlet for gases into the same, to initially heat the vaporizing chamber.

22. In ahydrocarbon burner, a combustion chamber, an air-heating chamber below the same, having an inlet for air, a central outlet for discharging heated air into said combustion chamber, and a means for compelling the air entering said inlet to circu-.

late, in contact with the upper wall of the air-heating chamber, before it reaches the outlet, and means for inducing a flow of air from said inlet, to and through said outlet.

23. In a hydrocarbon burner, an air-heating chamber, and a superposed genera-tor spaced therefrom to provide a combustionspace, said generator having an annular'out let for gaseous fuel into said combustion space, and said air-heating chamber having a circular outlet for air into said combus tion space, axially alined with said annular outlet, and a plate spaced from the edge of the said circular outlet, todifiuse the air upon its entering said'combustion space.

24. Ina hydrocarbon burner, a vapOriz ing chamber having an annular outlet in its bottom surface, and a shelf capable of conducting oil from a point nearthe upper end of the chamber spirally downwardly, and having means for the, discharge of residue onto said surface within the confines of said outlet.

i In testimony whereof I havea'lfixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

OSCAR W. SMITH.

Witnesses r G. J. ROLLANDET, P. RHoADns.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. G.

Images