US1133101A - Stone-crusher. - Google Patents

Description

J. HrvCOGKFIELD.

STONE OBUSHEB.

Hummm; FILED un 7, 1914.

l iiumega J. H. GOC-KFIELD. STONE oRUsHER. APPLICATION FILED MAY 7, 1,914. 1,1 38, 101 Patented Mar. 23', 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

witnesses J. H. GOGKFIELD. n STONE cRUsHBR.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 7, 1914. i 1, 1 33 1 O1 Patented Mar. 23, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

grfhrninr JOSEPH COCKFIELD, OF CEDAR RAPIDS, IOWA.

STONE-CRUSHER.

speciacation of Letters Patent. Patented Mar, 23, 1915;,-

Appiieation med May?, 1914. serial No. 837,056.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known thatI, JosnPH H. CooKFIELD, a citizen of the United States, residing at 334 South Seventeenth street, Cedar Rapids, in the county of Linn and State of Iowa, have invented. certain new and useful Improvements in Stone-Crushers; and Ido hereby declare thel following to be a full, clear, and eXact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. v p

This invention relates to grinding mills, and more especially to those employing a compound movement; and the object-of the same is to produce/a machine which can be setto grind limestone as ne-r as cementor to pulverize bone and the like to such an extent that it can be dusted over the ground 'as fertilizer, or which can be set so as to crush rocks or stones of considerable size, and whichis capable of such adjustments without removing or 4adjusting the jaw faces.

A further object is to proyide such a machine with removable jaw faces struck on 'a .single are so that they may be used either edge 4up and so that they may therefore be reversed 'when worn.

A still further object is to simplify the construction of the entire machine as far as as possible, and therefore keep its cost of manufacture and maintenance within reasonable limits. y

With these and other objects in view the invention consists in the general and specie details of! structure hereinafter more fully`de'sc`ribedand claimed, and as shown Figure 1 is' a vertical sectional view of this machine; Fig. 2 is an end view thereof; Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 are diagrams .illustrating different positions of partsA during a complete revolution of the main shaft.

While do not wish to be confined lto the unimportant details' ofv structure, the present embodimentl of this invention includes a .main frame l which is suitably braced to withstand the strainthat is to be thrown upon it, and which is, by preference, a skeleton structurerwith side plates 2 to prevent the material from dropping out between the jaws. The latter are herein numbered 3 and 4 and are duplicates,.except that they are reversed because they are complementary of each other. Each has a knuckle 5 at its lower end drawn outward against a strut 6 or 7 by members means of `a rod 8 or 9 connectedwith the or its knuckle and passing outward j jaw through the frame and through a spring 10 whose tension may be adjusted as' at 11. The only difference in the arrangementis that the strut 6 leads upward from one knuckle 5 whereas the strut 7 leads downward from the other knuckle, and the rods 8 and 9 are or may be dierently attached to the two jaws at venient.

j Each strut is rendered adjustable in its length by any suitable means, but las best seen in Fig. 2, it is made up of overlapping 13 and 14 which may be spread apart by means of a wedge 15 and held in adjusted condition by a bolt 16, the wedge itself being held by screw or bolt 17. By this or `any equivalent means, the length of the strut may be increased or decreased forv points where they will be most con- 20 around which this strut moves so that its lower extremity travels on the arc indicated bythe dotted line 21, unless the length of the strut be changed. The outer end of the right-hand strut 7 turns in a block or bearl Y ing 22 carried by the frame l .atta point below the body of this strut', and its inner end swings in an are indicated by the dotted line 23. In other words, moves whollybelow its point of support and the right-hand strut moves wholly above its point of support, and the purpose of this construction will behereinafter explained.

-Each jaw carries a jaw face 30 whose rear wall 3l is flat and whose front wall or active face 32 is struck on a single. curve from top to bottom but the radius Vof this curve is greater than that of either dotted line 2K1 or 23. The edges 33 of the removable face 30 are beveled and the lower edge' rests on an undercut flange- 34 extending along the lower edge of the jaw body, while its upper edge is held in place by a strip 35 underlying a shoulder 36 along the top of lthe jaw body and held removably in place can be reversed edge for edge, if the lower' portion of its rounded or active face 32 has` the left-hand strut become worn, or it can be bodily replaced by another member if it has become broken, chipped, or excessively worn. The possibility of inverting this member without interfering with the successful operation of the machine iows from the fact that the face 3:2 is struck on a single arc as above described.

Across the upper edge of each jaw is formed .a sleeve preferably carrying a bushing 41. AJournaled in the main frame is a driving shaft 42 taking its power from the wheel 43 or any suitable source, and a driven shaft 44 which is rotated oppositely to and at the same speed as the driving shaft by intermeshing gears 45 and 46 of equal size. The power shaft and the driven shaft are provided with eccentrics 47 and 48 rotating within the sleeves 40 (or their bushings 41 if the latter be employed), and the peculiar setting of these eccentrics with respect to each other forms one of the important features of this invention.

I have explained the construction of the machine as best shown on Sheet 1 of the drawings, but do not wish to be confined thereto, as it is quite obvious" that other means of imparting the proper motion tov the edges of the jaws might be employed.-

Nor 'do I wish to be confined to the materials and proportions of parts, nor the exact details of construction set forth anywhere in this specication, as much latitude will be allowed to the manufacture in that respect. I have found by experience that where the curvature of the jaw faces is greater toward their lower edges at the point where most of the work is done, they often let down between them stones or rocks which are really beyond the capacity of the machine, and the same is broken or jammed unless it is purposely provided with weak members which break under excessive strain, and in that case the machine will have to be stopped and these members replaced. rl"his contingency will not occur with the construction above described, besides which the jaw faces are reversible as has been explained. I find also that stone crushers employing grinding rollers or faces which move directly toward and away from each other are more apt to become clogged or broken than those wherein there is a lateral movement of one face with respect to the other. rlhis last mentioned movement can be brought out by revolving one roller at a greater speed than the other, but the relative lateral movement is always in the same direction and at the same speed.

rllhe construction above described provides a variety of relative movements of the two jaw faces which l have found to be highly eEective in crushing coarse stone or rock, in cracking fine stone or gravel, and even in reducing hard or soft stones to powder, for

which various uses my machine is adapted to be set by adjusting the length of the struts as already described.

The action which takes place is best illustrated on Sheets 2 and 3 of the drawings and may be described as follows: Beginning with F ig. 3 wherein the left jaw 3 stands raised and a line drawn from the high point 50 of its eccentric 47 and extended across its gear 45 will be almost vertical, let us assume that this line leads to the point of starting designated as 51. A similar line 60 on the right j aw 4 leads to a similar point 61, and points and 65 on the two jaw faces stand opposite each other while ther struts 6 and 7 are substantially parallel, al-4 though herein shown as slightly out of alinement.

ln Fig. 4 the gears are sho-wn as having turned with the arrows for a quarter revolution, so that the lines 50 and 60 are drected to the points 52 and 62. Meanwhile, the left eccentric 47 has turned so that its high point is midway between its highest and lowest positions, and therefore the left liaw and the point 55 on the face thereof have moved downward. While this was taking place, the right eccentric has moved from the position shown in F ig. 3 so that its high point has passed over its highest position and part way down the inner side, and the right jaw and its point 65 have risen slightly and commenced to travel downward. ln other words, the point 55 has moved downward half of its complete throw, while the point 65 has moved upward a little and then downward about .a quarter of its complete throw and is nowtraveling downward along with but behind the point 55. Meanwhile any points 56 and 66 on thenpper part of the jaw faces have approached each other and the material between them is being In Fig.. 5 the parts have turned for an other quarter revolution and the line 50 leads to the point 53 which is directly opposite the point 51, while the line 60 leads to the point 63 directly opposite the point 61. During this quarter revolution of the eccentrics, the point 55 on the left jaw has descended to its lowest limit and the point 65 on the Vright jaw has followed it, but has not itself yet reached its lowest limit.

ln Fig. 6 the eccentrics have made another quarter revolution, the lines 50 and 60 have passed around so that they are directed toward the points 54 and 64 respectively, and the point has traveled halfway up its stroke, while the point 65 has descended to the lowest extreme of its movement and started upward. But while the crank motion imparted to the upper edges of the jaws by the eccentrics on the rotating shafts has caused those jaws. to rise and fall to the same extent, the swinging motion imparted to the lower edges of said jaws by the struts 6 and 7 has caused those edges to travel on the dotted arcs 21 and 23, the former of which is through a path below the pivot 20 of its strut and the latter of which is through a path above the pivot 22. Therefore, the lower edge of the left jaw swung downward and outward from an upright medium line between the jaws, while the lower edge of the right jaw swung downward and inward and across said line; and then both lower edges ascended along their respective arcs. The result is that the active faces have been in contact throughout the movement thus far described, but the point 55 has descended lower than the point 65. Therefore at this time, when the parts stand as seen in Fig. 6, the points 55 and 65 are opposite each other and both are ascending. Meanwhile the upper portions 56 and 66 of the jaw faces have been moving apart for the reception of more material which is being fed into the machine at the top. I

Through the next quarter revolution the parts move back to the position shown in -F ig. 3, and then the operation is repeated.

Manifestly the speed of movement of the points 55 and 65 would bechanged somewhat if the rotation were in a direction opposite to that indicated by the arrows, but we need not go into this matter. Obviously also, the distance between the active faces 32 of the two jaws maybe adjusted by adjusting the length of the struts 6 and 7, although so long as the lower edges of the jaws swing about the pivot points 20 and 22 the action above described will take place. Adjustment in the length of said struts is for the purpose of changingthe function of the machine. If large rocks or stones are to be broken up, the active faces are set at that distance apart which the diameter of the broken pieces is to be. If the desire is to crush stones or pebbles, the faces will be set closer together. And it is' quite possible with this machine to pulverize or powder stone or bone as first mentioned above. It is not usual to reduce large stones to powder at one operation,i and if this is done great strain is thrown on the machine. In any event, however, the lower portion of the active faces 32 will eventually become'worn, and in thatcase the jaw faces can be detached and inverted, z'. e., reversed edge for edge. rial from working out at the ends of the jaws when the machine is in operation. I have not considered it necessary to show any feed mechanism or hopper, nor any discharge mechanism or chute. What I claim is: v

l. A Crusher embodying jaws diverging upward and having opposed coacting curved faces, means for imparting crank motion to the upper edges of said jaws, and means 'crank motion to their nearest jaw,

The side plates 2 prevent the mate- I for permitting the lower edges of said jaws to move up and down on arcs struck around centers respectively aboveand below a horizontal line' through the lower edges of the jaws.

2. A crusherembodying jaws having opposed curved faces, means for imparting upper edges on opposlte sides of an upright median line between them, and struts connected with the lower edges of said jaws and leading outward from them to pivotal points respectively above and below a horizontal line angles to said lmedian line.

3. A crusher embodying jaws having opposed faces struck on opposite curves, means for imparting crank motion to their upper edges, struts connected with vtheir lower drawn at right edges and leading outward from them to. l

pivotal points respectively above and below a horizontal line through said lower edges, means for permitting adjustment in the length of said struts'without altering their said pivotal points and yielding means tend-- ing to draw said lower edges normally apart.

4. A Crusher embodying jaws having opposed faces struck on opposite curves whereof each is part of a circle, means for imparting crank motion in opposite directions and at the same rspeed to their upper edges, knuckles in rear of their lower edges, a framework having bearings behind said jaws and whereof one is above and the other below a horizontal line through said knuckles, a strut mounted at its outer end in each bearing and having its inner end resting in the nearest knuckle, and means forl pressing each knuckle toward its strut.

5. In a Crusher, the combination with a framework having bearings in its upper portion, a power shaft and a driven shaft mounted in said bearings, eccentrics. fast on saidl shafts, and two jaws having their upper edges embracing said eccentricsand their faces struck on opposite curves; of bearings in the lower portion of said framework behind the jaws and respectively above and below a horizontal line through their lower edges, a strut pivotally connecting each bearing with the lower edge of the and means for permitting the adjustment of the length of each strut.

6. In a crusher the combination with a framework having bearingsin its upper portion, a power shaft and a driven shaft mounted in said bearings and connected by gears of equal size, eccentrics fast on said shafts, substantially upright jaws having sleeves at their upper edges embracing said eccentrics, and wear faces to the jaws struck o n opposite curves; of bearings in the lower portion of said framework behind the jaws and respectively above and below a horizontal line through their lower edges, and

maaier I tal line throughjtheir lower eolges,l a strut it pivotally (connecting each bearing with the lower edge hont the nearest jaw, means for permitting theadjustment of the length of each strut, an a spring-actuated rod connecting the ramework with each jaw and tending to draw the latter outward.

lin testimony whereof li ax my signature iny presencefof two witnesses.,

JOSEPH H. ooortrrntn.

Witnesses:

@rro 1F. Hanznrx5 O'rro Simona.

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