US1128132A - Steam-turbine. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Fb.9,1915.

W. GRN. STEAM TURBIM.

APPLIUATION YILED JAN.4.1913.

WILLIBALD onion; on' rBANxFoanoN-rnnmam, GERMANY.

STEAM-TURBINE.

Specication of'Letters Patent.

ratentedreb, e, 1915.

Anwestion duca. zanuary 4, 1913. semi ne. 740.180,

T0 all whom it may con/cem.'

Be. it known., that I, WILLIBALD GRUN,-

chief` engineer., a subject of the Emperor of Germany, and ra resident of Frankfort-om the-Mnin, in the Empireo Germany, have invented certain neW and useful Improvementsfin Steamr-Turbines, ot which the fol- ;lowingris a, specification.

This invention relates to steaml turbines comprising one. or more groups of Wheels which can. bo shut down separately from whichl are shut down, and when such steam shown in Fig. 1.

Hows thnongh the. blades considerable resistaiice isoiered :by it to. theY motion of the idlel groupf of wheels, the result being a material vloss of work. f

A primary objectvot my invention is to obviatei this defect.. To. this end, according; to this invention, the steam admission ports of the shut-downgroups of wheels are able to be connected With the eigliaust chamber or with-the condensing apparatus, in order that any-steam which does leak through may be directly conductedaway and produce no detrimental effect. The connection of the steam admission port/s of .the shut-down groups of. wheels with the 'corresponding exhaust port or with, the condensingr apparatus may be established directly by hand or automatically when. closing the member controlling. the admission of steam, this member being positively connected with that member which controls the c-"lnection of the steam admission ports of the groups of wheels which can be shut down .with the exhaust or condensing apparatus.

Two illustrative embodiments of my invention are represented, by Way of example, in the accompanying drawing, wherein z i 4Figure 1 is a vertical section through a turbine having groups of Wheels which can be shut down, and comprising one combination of valves according to my invention; Fig. 2 is a vertical section, enlarged, show ina-a modified combination of valves, and Fig. 3 is a like view of the auxiliary valve Referring' first to Fig. 1, the tvvo groups of wheels l, 2, which can be shut down.

are arranged ina known manner ony a; com` mon, shaft 3 at thetwyo sides of thecommon exhaust port or chambrl, and. are provided with separatesteam supply pipeso, 6 underr thecontrol of. a commonA main. stopfvalye- 7.

For shutting. down the one group of Wheels.

l an, auxiliary stop4 valve8 isprovidedv Whose casing is shown connected by Way of` thel pipef) with theexbaust chamber 4, so that any steam leaking, through the closed valve can. flow away and does not prejudicially influence the running. of the, idle. group 1.- Consequently, when running idle the group, 1 offers very little resistance, .whereby the mechanical` efficiency of .the steam turbine is improved.

Referring now to Fig. 2, in the. form of the change-over member shown here the two branches 10, 11, are fon-connecting the steam. supply pipe to the two groups l, 2, thesteam flowing. in through the lower end of the casing. The steam is shut oli.l from. the individual groups of Wheels by means of th'e'piston valves 12, 13 mounted on a spindle/.14 which can be moved up and down by means of a hand-wheel, not shown., fixed on the spindle, or can be operated automatically directly by orindirectly `from the governor, for example The pistons 12, 13 control ports 15, 1G which are connected withthe admission ports 10, 11..

The spindle 14 has a 17 extending down into the hub 20 of the upper' piston 12, and transverse passages 18 under the hub open into this bore. These passages 1S are connected by Way of "a recess 1) 'in the hub 2O and by Way of a duct 21 with the port l5 in the casing of the valve when the piston 12 takes up the closed position shown in the drawing, in which the group of wheels connected to the admission port 10 is shut down'. Additional transverse'passages 22 open into the longitudinal bore 17 of the spindle; these lead to a recess 223 in the spindleguide 33 on the valve cover 34, into which opens one end of the by-pass pipe 9 whose other end is connected as in Fig. 1 to the exhaust chamber 4.

As long as both groups of Wheels are in action the piston 12 and the spindle 14 occupy a position in which the connection of thc port 15 with the ,pipe 9 is interrupted asA the transverse holes 22 are then surrounded by that part of the guide 33 which is above the recess 23. Now when the piston 12 is shifted int-o the position shown in Fig. 2

longitudinal boraV when shutting down one group of wheels, anv steam leaking past the piston-valve 12 and its seat must How from the groove 15 through the duct 2l, the holes 18 the bore'17 and the holes 22 and by way of the recess 23 and the pipe 9 the shortest way to the exhaust 4. Any other steam leaking in on the admission side will likewise flow away along the by-pass without having to ilow through the group of wheels. No special manipulation for leading away the leakage steam 1s necessary when shutting down the one group of wheels, so that a mistake cannot be made.

Referring now to Fig. 3, the spindle 24 of the valve-disk 25 carries a smaller valvedisk 26 which is displaceable thereon against the action of a coil spring 27 which normally holds the disk pressed against a collar 28 of the spindle 24. The collar28 1s at such a. distance from the larger valve-disk 25 that the smaller disk cannot be pressed against its seat 29 by the spring 27 in the closed position of the disk 25 shown in Fig. 3. The valve chamber is therefore connected with the recess 30 of the guide 3 5 of the valve-spindle, so that the steam leaking past the valve-disk 25 or otherwise can flow the shortest Way through theipipe 9 to the eX- haust chamber 4. When the valve-disk 25 is lifted from its seat when cutting in the group of wheels, the valve-disk 26 is at once seated and is pressed the more firmly on its seat by the spring 27 the farther the valve is opened.

The valve-disk 25 is preferably provided with a piston-like shoulder 32. The object n of this is to keep the valve closed, when lifting the disk 25 from its seat7 until the disk 2G is seated, in order that, when changing over, no steam may uselessly pass directly from the supply-pipe to the pipe 9. The saine is the case when closing the valvedisk 25.

The member used for controlling the connection of the exhaust .chamber 4 or the condensing plant with' the admission port of the group o.' wheels which can be shut down may be arranged, for example, in the pipe 9 or at its delivery end, and be' influenced alone directly by hand or automatically without depari iig from the scope of the invention.

What l claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters latent is :v-

l. lu a steam turbine having one or more u'iiifebgrueiiis capable of being sluit oil' sep ai'ately from the whole turbine and steam admission iaii'e for the same, a controllable by-pass interconnecting the steam admission space before a \`\heel-group but beliiiid the steam admission valve of said wheelgroup with the lower pressure space behind this wheel-group.

2. In a steamy turbine having one or more wheel-groups capable of being shut oil' separately from the Whole turbine, and having steam admission valves, a. by-pass interi connecting thc steam admission space bel'oi-il a wheel-groiip but behind the steam admin sion valve 'of said wheel-group with theI lower pressure space behind this wheel` group means controlling said by-pass, and means interconnecting said controlling means and the steam admission valve of the said wheel-group.

3. In a steam turbine having one or more wheel-groups capable of being shut ofi' separately from the whole turbine and having steam admission valves, and a valve spindle supporting said valves and provided with passages, a. by-pass interconnecting the steam admission space before a Wheel-group but behind the steam admission valve of said wheel-group with the lower pressure space behind this wheel group, said spindle with its passages forming part of said by-pass.

4. In a steam turbine having one or more wheel-groups capable4 of being shut off separately from thewh'ole turbine and having steam admission valves and a valve spindle supporting said valves, a ley-pass interconnecting the steam admission space Abefore a wheel-group but behind the steam admission valve of said wheel-group with the lower pressure space behind this wheelgroup, said spindle serving as means controlling said by-pass.

5. In a steam turbine having one or more v.flieel-gi'oups capable of being shut olf separately from the Whole turbine and having steam admission valves, a by-pass interconnecting the steam admission space before a wheelwgroup but behind the steam admission valve of said wheel-group With the lower pressure space behind this wheel group at the other side of the same, means controlling said by-pass, and means interconnecting said controlling means and the steam admis sion iali'e of the said wheel-group, the'bypass being closed when the admission valve vis open and being open when the admission valve is closed. In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WI LLIBALI) GRN. lVitnesses z lCLsi: M niiUs, JiaAN GiiUNii.

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