US1126950A - Internal-combustion engine. - Google Patents

Description

E. S. BROWER.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED FEB12, 1913.

1,126,950. Patented Feb. 2, 1915.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWARD S. BROWER, 0F RIDGEWOOD, NEW JERSEY.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed February 12, 1913.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, EDWARD S. Bnownn, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Ridgewood, in the county of Bergen and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

It is well known that the ordinary puppet valve construction used in internal combustion engines is undesirable on account of the complexity of structure involved and the amount of noise produced.

In a general way, it has long been known that rotary valves could be employed in internal combustion engines for the admission and exhaust of the gases. On principle the rotary construction should be more advan tageous than a reciprocating puppet valve or the like. Notwithstanding this, rotary valves have not been employed to any great extent with practical success in the art. This seems to be due to the fact that it has heretofore been considered that the admission and exhaust of gases involved the same problem. It has not been realized that two distinct problems'are involved, and that a rotary valve which can be used successfully for the purpose of admitting gas to the cylinders can not necessarily be used successfully for the exhaust of the burnt gases, and vice versa. This difference in the two problems arises chiefly in connection with the difference in heat. The exhaust valve is subjected to a greater degree of heat than .the admission valve and hence will have a tendency to expand and bind, while the admission valve, not being subjected to so great a degree of heat, will have a tendency to leak.

Accordingly the object of the present invention is the production of an internal combustion engine with rotary valves of a character best suited to meet the separate problems of admitting fuel and exhausting the burnt gases.

The invention consists in combining two difi'erent types of rotary valve means, one of which is hollow or which forms a longitudinal continuation of the fuel supplytube, and the other of which is provided with a transverse passage extending through from side to side.

By means of the so-called through and through valve, communication is had with the cylinder twice to each revolution of the Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 2, 1915.

Serial No. 747,863.

valve member, and hence the latter can be rotated at one half the speed of the admisslon valve member. This obviously lessens the amount of heat generated by the friction of the parts. Moreover, in the through and through construction the hot gases will not remain for any great length oftime in the valve body, such as would be the case with a construction employing a hollow valve member. In this way overheating of the valve member is avoided. F urthermore, by this construction, the exhaust gases from one cylinder will not have a tendency to enter another cylinder when exhaust communication is established with that cylinder.

The above sets forth some of the reasons why the through and through construction is the more preferable for the exhaust valve means. The admission valve means, on the other hand, presents different problems which must be solved in a different way. It is desirable that fuel be always ready to enter the cylinder the moment valve c0mmunication is established, and for this reason hollow valve means constantly in communication with the fuel supply are more efficient. This for the reason that when communication is established the fuel will have less distance to travel to enter the cylinder than it would have if the through and through valve were employed, since the fuel in the latter case would'have to pass from one side of the valve to the other. Likewise, in a multi-cylinder construction, if the through and through valve means were employed for the admission of fuel, it would be extremely difficult to feed fuel equally to all the cylinders, since one cylinder would have a tendency to rob the others. But by employing the hollow valve admis sion means the fuel can be distributed more evenly, especially by having the hollow present instance of a four cycle internal tion is illustrated in several concrete and preferred forms, but changes in construction may be made without departing from the invention.

In the said drawings: Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view through part of a four cylinder four cycle internal combustion engine, including the admission valve means, on the line 11 of Fig. 3, embodying the invention. Fig. 2 is a section taken on the line 22of Fig. 3, through the exhaust Valve means. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse sectional view through one of the cylinders, and the admission and exhaust valve means. Fig. 4 is a general end view of the engine showing more particularly, in a diagrammatic way, the driving means for the valve means. Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing a modification.

Similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several views.

1, 2, 3 and 4: indicate four cylinders, in the combustion engine, said cylinders being provided with admission ports 5 in the heads thereof. Extending over the top of the four cylinders is the admission valve means, here taking the form of a stationary tube 6 having ports 7 registering with the ports 5 of the cylinders, and a rotatable tube or member 8' mounted for rotation within the tube 6 and provided with ports 9 in line with the ports 5 and 7, but displaced circumferentially with respect to each other in harmony with the timing of the engine in a manner well understood. Preferably the member 8 is provided with longitudinal partitions 10 dividing the said tube 8 into four longitudinal chambers 11 terminating by means of end walls 12 at a point just beyond the ports 9, leaving dead spaces as 18, in all of said chambers except one. At one end the member 8 is connected to a suitable source of fuel supply indicated by 14:. By this means fuel always fills the member 8, and since this member is divided into four longitudinal chambers there will be no tendency for one cylinder to rob another cylinder of fuel.

The exhaust valve means are preferably constructed as follows: 15 is a valve seat arranged at the sides of the cylinders and near the top thereof, there being ports as 16 communicating with the interior of the cylinders, on one side of said valve seat, and an exhaust manifold 17 on the other side of said valve seat. Mounted in said valve seat is a rotatable valve member 18 having through and through transverse passages 19 located in line with the ports 16 and displaced circumferentially with respect to each other in harmony with the timing of the engine. Since the member 18 will establish communication between the cylinder and exhaus't manifold, twice to each revolution,

one to two relation with respect to the crank-' shaft 23 by means of gear 24: on crank-shaft, gear 25 on member 8 and chain 26. In order to prevent overlapping the passages .19 should be of a circumferential width equal to substantially one-sixteenth of the circumference of the member 18 and spaced apart circumferentially a distance equal to substantially one-sixteenth of the circumfen ence of the member 18. 1

In Fig. 5 a slightly modified form of admission valve means is shown. Here there is an inner stationary tube 27 communicating at both ends with the manifold 28,'and provided with ports 29 registering with the ports 5 of the cylinder. Surrounding'the" tube 27 is a rotatable member 30 with ports 31 in line'with the por'ts'29and 5. but dis placed circumferentially in a well-known manner.

23 as in the form shown in the other views,

and with a gear 25 from which the exhaust valve is driven as in the other views.

What 1s clalmed, 1s: 1. An internal combustlon engme, comprising a cylinder, hollow admission valve means having a rotary admission member. adapted to communicate with the cylinder;

once to each revolution of said member, ex-

haust valve means having a rotary exhaust member provlded with a transverse passage extending from side to side of sald member adapted to communicate with thecylinder twice to each revolution of said member, and means for rotating the exhaust member at half the speed of the admission member.

2. A four cycle internal combustion en gine comprising: a cylinder, hollow'admission valve means having a rotary admission member adapted to communicate with'the cylinder once to each revolution of said member, an exhaust valve means having a" rotary exhaust member provided with a transverse passage extending from side to side of said member adapted to communicate with the cylinder twice to each revolution of said member, a crank shaftfor the engine, means for driving said rotary admission valve member at half the speed of the crank shaft, and' means' for rotating the ex haust member at half the speed of tl iefadmunicate once with each cylinder to each revolutlon of said member, exhaustval've On one end of the member 30'isa gear 20 which is driven from the crankshaft means having a rotary member provided with a transverse passage extending from side to side of said member adjacent to each cylinder and communicating twice with each cylinder to each revolution of said exhaust member, means for rotating the admission valve means at one-half the speed of the crank shaft, and means for rotating the exhaust member at one-half the speed of the admission member.

4:. An internal combustion engine comprising: a plurality of cylinders, a hollow admission valve means having a rotary admission member provided with separate longitudinal chambers each adapted to communicatewith its cylinder once to each revolution of said admission member, a rotary exhaust valve member continuous to all the cylinders and provided with separate exhaust passages one for each cylinder and adapted to communicate with said cylinder twice to each revolution of said exhaust member, and driving means for rotating the exhaust member at one-half the speed of the admission member.

Signed at New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York this 12th day of February A. D. 1913.

EDWARD S. BROWER.

Witnesses:

AxEL V. BEEKEN, LAURA E. SMITH.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. 0.

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