US1119022A - Grinding-machine. - Google Patents

Description

W. LEWIS. GRINDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 21, [911.

1,1 1 9 ,022, Patented Dec. 1, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Q INVENTOR wrrissss I M J I I EY%M W. LEWIS.

GRINDING MACHINE.

APPLIGATION FILED NOV. 21, 1911.

1,1 1 9,022, Patented Dec. 1, 191% 3 SHEETSSKEET 2.

wnissss A1 ATTORNEY W. LEWIS.

GRINDING MAGHINE. APPLICATION FILED 110v. 21, 1911.

Patented Dec. 1, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

WIT SSES I I Z0 INVENTOR AZ; A BY 4a ATTORNEY THE NORRIS PETERS L0,. PHOTO-LITHO., WASHINGTON. D. C.

4O forms of apparatus wrLFRED LnwIs, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

GRINDING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 1, 1914.

Application filed November 21, 1911. Serial No. 661,511.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known" that I, VVILFRED LEWIS, a

citizen of the United btates of America,

which, when its use is not requiredmay be i residingin the city and county of Philadelphia and State of'Pennsylvania, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in GrlndingMachines, of which .the

following is-a true .and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part thereof.-

j The object of my present invention is to provide an attachment or adjunct for grinding machines and particularly for grinding machines of the kind disclosed by the patent to Frederick 1V. Taylor, No. 565,614, granted August 11, 1896. The pur pose of the attachment or ad unct is to determine a certain angular relation between the platen or tool supporting table and the grinding wheel and for adjusting this relation to a determined value.

which is so constructed and arranged that it may be readily attached toexisting machines of the type specified as well as 1n1- tially incorporated in such machines, and

readily so disposed that it doesnot interfere with the normal operation of the'grinding machine. I I

The various features of novelty which characterize my invention are pointed out with particularity in, the claims annexed to and forming part of this specification. Fora better understanding of the nvention, however, and the advantages possessed byit, reference should be had to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which I have illustrated and described inwhich the invention may be embodied. j

()f the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a grinding machine equipped with one form of myinvention. Fig. 2 is an elevation of a portion of the grinding machine and the measuring and setting apparatus. Fig. 3 is a partial sectional elevation on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2. Fig.4 is a partial sectional elevation on the line 41 of Fig. 2'. Fig. 5 is a partialsectional elevation on the line 55 of Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is ahpartial. sectional elevation on the line 6-6 of Fig. 2. Fig. 7 is a partial elevation taken similarly to Fig. 2 illustrating a modified construction. Fig. 8 is a section taken on the line 88 of Fig. 7, and Fig. ,9 is a diagram.

In thedrawings, A, represents the stationary frame work or housing of the grinding machine, B, the grinding wheel; Q, the supporting shaft therefor suitably journaled in the frame work A, and D, the ad ustable work support or; platen of the machine. As shown, the platen D is mounted on a shaft D supported in cars E formed on a carriage E usually made adustable with respect to the framework A 1n a direction transverse to the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel. The axis of the shaft D is parallel to the axis of rotation of the wheel B and the upper surface D of the platen'D is a plane surface parallel to the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel. The platen D may be adjusted about the axis of the shaft D by means of an adjusting screw and hand wheel D carried by the latter. Thetool or other body F to be ground may be mounted directly on the platen D, but preferably is clamped in a tool holder G which rests on the surface D of the platen D. As shown this tool holder G carries a former G adapted to bear against the normally stationary but adjustable former guide or apron A and thereby limits the extent to which the tool is ground away and gives the tool the proper con tour. An adjustably loaded lever G and the flexible connections G between it and the tool'holder serve to urge the latter toward the grinding Wheel with the desired force. In so far as 'above described, the grinding machine shown isidentical in substance with the grinding machine shownin and characteristic features suitable to or usually employed in such machines, but which it is notnecessary, to refer to herein.

In the use of a grinding machine of this character it is essential for satisfactory results in many grinding operations that, the plane of the tool supporting surface D of the work support D, should be at a certain angle with reference to the grinding wheel. For instance, in grinding the end of a lathe tool having its bottom edge parallel to the surface D of the work support, the clearance angle of the tool is determined by and is equal to the angle between the tangent to the grinding wheel at the point on the periphery of the wheel engaged by the cutting edge of the tool and a line perpendicular to the surface D of the tool holder, and intersecting said tangent. This is clearly shown in Fig. 9, where U represents the point on the periphery of the grinding wheel engaged by the tool edge, the tangent to thewheel at the point U, and X a line perpendicular to the surface D and intersecting the tangent XV, at the point U. The clearance angle with which the tool. will be ground under the circumstances is the angle X. The angle l/VU-X is obviously equal to the angle Z-.U-Y where Z represents the radial line drawn from the point U to the axis of the grinding wheel, and Y, a line parallel to the work supporting surface D and the plane of the grinding wheel and intersecting the line Z at the pomt U.

Variations inthe height of the cutting edge of the tool above the surface D and variations in the diameter of the grinding wheel, such as occurs as the latter is worn away, will change the clearance angle which will be ground on the tool if the work support-D is not adjusted to compensate for these variations. This is clearly shown in Fig. 9 where U represents a point on the periphery of the grinding wheel more remote from the surface D than the point U, and W and X represent lines intersecting at the point U and one tangent to the periphery of the wheel and the other perpendicular to the surface D of the work support. The angle WU'X is obviously greater than the angle \V'UX.

The point U represents a point on the periphery of a grinding wheel coaxial with but of smaller diameter than the wheel to which the points U and U pertain, the point U being at the same perpendicular distance from the surface I) of the work support as the point U. In this-case the clearance angle 'lV U -X ground on a tool, the cutting edge of which intersects the periphery of the smaller grinding wheel at the point U would also be greater than the angle VV'UX. It will be apparent, however,

that if the point U were on the same grinding wheel periphery as the point U but nearer the surface D and that-if the point U were at the same perpendicular distance from the surface D as, but more remote from the axis of the grmding wheel than the point U, the clearance angle obtained in either case would be less than the angle \V UX. By adjusting the work support D angular-1y about the shaft D as'by inanipulating the hand wheel D it is possible I to so adjust the work support for any given diameter of the grinding wheel and for any given height of tool cutting edge above the surface I) that any desired clearance angle within practical limits will be obtained.

The measuring and setting apparatus 'bV- means of the rivets J in a forming the present invention comprises means for quickly and accurately determining the angle between a plane parallel to the work supporting surface D and located at any desired distance above the latter, and a line extending radially from the axis of the grinding wheel to the intersection'of said plane with the periphery of the grinding wheel and for determining the set of the work support wh-ich will give a desired clearance angle with any practical diameter of grinding wheel, and perpendlcular dis-,

As shown, the flange A is formed U H secured to the follower H pass through the member H and have their projecting ends surrounded by helical springs H, each hearing at one end against the memberH and at the other end against an abutment formed by a nut H threaded onto the corresponding bolt H The slot A and the rib H are concentric with the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel,and the described arrangement permits the'arm'llto be'anguthe arm H in anyparticular angular position into which it is moved. I At its outer .end the arml-I is provide with a split bearing H and a clamping screw for drawing. the parts of the split bearing together by means of which-pa tubir ,lar member I extending transversely to, but, as shown, laterally displaced from the axis.

of rotation of the grinding wheel, may be secured to the member Hand adjusted with respect thereto in the direction of the length of the member I.' The key H carried by the member H and entering a slot formed in one side of the member I prevents the latter from rotating about its own axis in the At its outer end the member I- has secured to it a transverse arm I and the latter carries at its free end a shaft K member H.

which extends parallel to the axis'of rotationof the grinding wheel. The arm I has rigidly secured to itthe sector-like quadrant member J Which is provided at its peripheral edge with a scale J graduated in degrees of'angularity' about an axis of the shaft K. As shown, the sector J is secured I projection I from the-arm I prop 1. v

larly adjusted about said axis, while the friction between the surface resiliently held in contact by the springs H tends to hold blades M and M.

Theshaft K serves to pivotally connect "the arm I to a parallel-ruler-like gage comprising blades or links M and M parallel to each other, and connecting blades M and 1 M which are parallel to each other, and are each pivoted at its opposite ends to the for the blades M and M is formed by the shaft K. As shown, "the latter has one end riveted to theblade M, and the blade I 2 is provided with an aperture through which I the shaft K passes and is located between the blade M and the adjacent bearing surface of the member I. To insure friction tendingto hold the gage and the member I together in any desired adjustment a helical spring L is provided which bears at one end against the member I and at the other end against a collar K secured to the end of.

slot M and a screw P passing through the slots and lVIfiforms a means for clamping the'blades Mand 0 together and thereby holding the gage rigid with the blades M and M at any desired distance apart. The blade M carries a post M at the peripheral edge of the sector J. This post is formed with an index line and in conjunction with thescale J 2 carried by the sector J indicates the angular relation of the blade M, andthereby of the gage as a whole to the sector J and the compound arm H I I to which it is secured.

To bring the gage into register with the work support D the gage may be arranged to seat directly on the upper surface D of the work support, but for convenience, in.

the construction shown in Figs. 1-6, this registration is effected by" causing the lower edge of the blade M to engage a pair of parallel posts or lugs D5 secured to one edge of the platen D. i

I In operation the tubular rod I is adjusted axially in the bearingI I tobring the axis I ofthe shaft K into line with the periphery ofthe grinding wheel, as shown in Fig. 2 and the parallel ruler device is then adjusted to bring the axis ofthe shaft K without altering the distance between the axes of the wheel and, shaft K at the desired distance above the surface D For convenience, the scale graduations on the scale blade O are so arranged that, when the top edge of the blade M or other index line the height of the cutting edge of thetool above the base of the tool, the axis of the shaft K will be displaced from the upper surface of'thework support D a distance equal to the height of the tool plus the dis- The pivotal connection tance at which the bottom 'of the tool is held away from the work support by the tool holder G. In other words, by adjusting the parallel ruler device until the scale reading on the scale blade 0 corresponds to the height of the'tool, the center line of the shaft K will be brought into line with the point at which the-cutting edge of the tool contacts the periphery of the grinding wheel. After the measuring and setting de vice has thus been adjusted with respect to the diameter of the grinding wheel and the height of the tool, the clearance angle with which the tool will be ground for any setting of the work support, will be directly indicated by the scale graduation of the sector registering with the Zero line carried by the post M and the work support D may be set to obtain the desired clearance angle by manipulating the adjusting screw D to bring the corresponding scale mark on the sector J into register with said Zero line.

After the table has been adjusted in the manner described, the arm H may be shifted in its bearing to swing the gage proper to the rear of the machine, as shown in Fig. 1, where it remains until the wearing away of the grinding stone or a change in the height of tool being ground, or in the clearance angle desired, may make another measure-- ment and adjustment desirable.

It will be apparent that the measuring and setting apparatus shown in Figs. 1 to .6 inclusive, consists essentially of two elements, one of which, the parallel ruler device, is a gage adapted to be brought into register with the Work support and provided with a centering point c. any point along the axis of shaft K) adapted to be brought into register with the periphery of the grinding wheel at the desired perpendicular distance from the work support, while the other element is an armwhich extends radially from the axis of the grinding wheel a permanent part of the grinding machine.

It'will be apparent, however, that the essential elements of the measuring and setting apparatus may have many variations in form and in Figs. 7 and 8 I have illustrated a modification in which the parallel ruler gage device in the apparatus shown in Figs. 1-6 is replaced by a single'plate-like member Q, the lower edge Q of which is adapted'to engage the upper surface of the work support D or the pins D if the latter be employed. The member Q is formed with a slot Q perpendicular to the edge Q. This slot slidingly receives the elongated rib J 5 formed on a sector member J A. A bolt S and thumb nut S form means for clamping the members JA and Q, together with the index line J of the member JA at any desired point along the scale Q formed on the member Q. The cylindrical head S of the bolt S' is received in a counter-bore J formed in the member JA. The head S is formed with. a slot S one edge ofwhich intersects the axis of the bolt S. This slot slidingly receives an arm R which may be clamped in any desired adjustment by means of a clampingscrew T passing through a keeper S secured to the end of the bolt head S The edge R of the member R is intended to be set so that it extends radially from the axis of the grinding wheel and in any setting cooperates with the scale indications Q of the sector member JA to indicate the angularity of the setting. The arm B may be pivotally connected at its inner end to the framework of the grinding machine in a manner analogous to that in which the compound arm H. I I of the construction shown in Figs. 1-6 inclusive, is connected, or it may be entirely disconnected from the framework of the grinding machine, in

' which case it may advantageously be formed as shown in Fig. 7, with a V-notch R adapted to receive the shaft of the grinding wheel when the device is being used, in order to thereby insure the desired radial position of the edge R. The shaft S may advantageously be formed with an axial sighting passage S and the keeper 8* witha registering aperture S to facilitatethe registration of the centering point of the gage with the periphery of the grinding wheel.

The operation of the apparatus shown in Figs. 7 and 8 is analogous to that of the apparatus first described. The plate-like member Q in this form of the invention is brought into registry with the work support D by direct engagement of the lower edge of the member Q with the top surface D of the member D. The centering point is adjusted to the proper perpendicular distance from the lower edge of the member Q by adjusting the slide J in the slot Q until the index line J is brought into line with the proper gradation of the scale Q The registration of the gage with the periphery of the grinding wheel is effected by moving the gage along the surface D un- *til the axis of the passageway S is in line with the periphery of the grindingwheel.

W ihen, thereafter, the arm R is adjusted to engage the wheel shaft C, as shown in Fig. 7, a measure of the desired angular relation betweenv the surface D and the grinding wheel, is given by the gradation line of the scale D in register with the edge R of themember R.

With the apparatus shown in'Fig. 7 any desired setting of the Work support D may be obtained by adjusting the work support angularlyto bring the edge B into line with the correspondinggradation line of the :scale Q when the-gage is in register with the work support and the periphery of the grinding Wheel, as shown in Fig. 7, assuming, of course, that the member R is then. in engagement with the shaft C and the passage-ways is at the proper perpendicular distance fromthe surface D The mode of useof the form of apparatus shown in Figs. '7 and 8 will be apparent without further explanation.

lVhile in accordance with the provisions of the statutes I have illustrated and described the best forms of my invention now known to me, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changesmay be made in the form of the apparatus disclosed Without departing'from the spirit of my inven tion, and that certain features of the invention'may sometimes be [used with adyantage Without a corresponding use of other features.

point in register with the periphery of the wheel and at a determined perpendicular distance from said support, and means for determining 'an angular relation between said gage and a line radial to the wheel axis and intersecting said centering point when said registration is effected.

2. A device for determining the setting of the angularly adjustable work support of a grinding machine relative to the wheel of said machine, having in combination, a

gage provided with a centering point and adapted to be brought 1nto registratlon with said support wlth sald centering point 1n register with the periphery of the wheel andat a determined perpendicular distance from said support, said gage including provisions rendering it capable of adjustment to vary said distance, and means for determining an angular relation-between said gage and a line radial tothewheel axis and intersecting said centering point when said registration is effected. I g

3. A device for determining the setting of the angularly adjustablework support ofa intersecting said centering pointwhen said registration is effected, said means including an arm pivotally connected to said gage to turn with respect thereto about said centering point and a scale connected to the gage for measuring the angular setting of said arm with respect to said gage.

4:. A device for determining the setting of the angularly adjustable work support of a grinding machine relative to the wheel of said machine, said device comprising a gage provided with a centering point and adapted to be brought into registration with said supportwith said centering point in register with the periphery of the wheel and at a determined perpendicular distance from said support and means for connecting said gage to the frame of said machine said end to said gage and adapted to be contering point to be adjusted angularly about and toward and away from the axis of the grinding wheel. 1

5. A device for determining the setting of the angularly adjustable work support of a grinding machine relative to the wheel of said machine, said device comprising a gage provided with a centering point and adapted to be brought into registry with said support with said centering point in register with the periphery of the wheel and at a determined perpendicular distance from said support, and an arm connected at one end to'said gage and adapted to be connected at the other end to the frame of said machine to turn with respect thereto about the axis of the grinding wheel.

6. A device for determining the setting of the angularly adjustable work support of a grinding machine relative to the wheel of said machine, said device comprising a gage provided with a centering point and adapted to be brought into registry with said support with said centering point in register with the periphery of the wheel and at a determined perpendicular distance from said support, and an arm connected at one end to said gage and adapted to be connected at the other end of the frame of said machine to turn with respect thereto about the axis of the grinding wheel, said I Copies of this patent may be obtained for arm being adjustable to vary its effective length and thereby the distance between said centering point and said wheel axis.

7, A device for determining the setting of the angularly adjustable work support of a grinding machine relative to the wheel of said machine, said device comprising a gage provided with a centering point and adapted to be brought into registration with said support with said centering point in register with the periphery of the wheel and at a determined perpendicular distance from said support, an arm pivotally con nected at oneend to said gage to turn with respect thereto about said centering point and adapted to be pivotally connected at its other end to the frame of said machine to turn with respect thereto about said wheel axis, and means for measuring the angular relation between said gage and said arm.

' 8. A device for determining the setting of the angularly adjustable work support of a grinding machinerelative to the wheel of said machine, said device comprising a provided with a centering point and adapted to be brought into registration with said support with said centering point in register with the periphery of the wheel and at a determined perpendicular distance from said support, an arm pivotally connected at one end to said gage to turn with respect thereto about said centering point and adapted to be pivotally connected at its other end to the frame of said machine to turn with respect thereto about said wheel axis, said gage being provided with a scale coiiperating with said arm to determine the angular relation between said arm and said gage.

9. A device for determining the setting of the angularly adjustable work support of a grinding machine relative to the wheel of said machine, said device comprising a gage comprising links connected to form a parallel ruler adjustable to vary the distance between parallel links, and having one link adapted to be brought into registry with said work support, an arm adapted to be pivotally connected at one end to the frame of said machine to turn about said wheel axis and pivotally connected at the other end to said gage, and a scale carried by said gage and cotiperating with said arm to measure the angular relation between said gage and said arm.

WILFRED LEWIS.

Witnesses:

ARNOLD KA'rz, B. STEWART.

five cents each, by addressing the Gommissioner of Patents,

1 Washington, D, G. r

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