US1116471A - Internal-combustion engine. - Google Patents

Description

F. NEUMEYER. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLIGATION FILED JUNE 12, 1913. 1,1 16,471 Patented Nov. 10, 1914.

I l WITNESSES INVENTOR AAJ Hr-mFMa/rzq w- H. P. NEUMEYER.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLIOATIOH FILED JUNE 12, 1913.

1,1 1 6,471 Patented Nov. 10, 1914.

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O O 0 O l/ 43 \\Q\ 0 O O O O O 0 0 O Q Q 0 O G 0 9 14 WITNESSES INVENTOR H \7 ara e FA/ea/n z er Q2 By ATTORNEYS H. F. NEUMEYER.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 12, 1913.

L 1 1 6,471 Patented Nov. 10, 1914.

6 SHEETSSHEET 3.

Q M II WITNESSES INVENTOR ATTORNEYS H. F. NEUMEYER. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 12, 1913.

1,1. 1 6,471 Patented Nov. 10, 1914.

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44 J3 17 2 do WITNESSES INVENTOI? N J/M HMM I fi oracafi Mame! a H. P. NEUMEYER. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 12, 1913.

Patented Nov. 10, 1914.

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ATTORNEYS H. P. NEUMEYER.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 12, 1913.

m1 AH m S Patented N0v. 10, 1914.

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WITNESSES nwema W. N7 0% firamfim zmz yer ATTORNEYS HORACE FALK NEUMEYER, 0F IVIACUNGIIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented h'ov. 1d. 1914.

Application filed June 152. 1913. Serial No. 773.231.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that T, Homes F. linonnrnn, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Macungie, in the county of liehigh and State of iennsylvania, have invented a new and improved internal'flombustion Engine, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

Among the principal objects which the present invention has in view are: to provide an engine of the character named having means for successively compressing,- storing, exploding and delivering the explosive fuel and expansive gases thereof; to provide an efiicient system for cooling by air the operative parts of the engine; to provide an e'li icient system of packing the joints of the moving and stationary parts of the engine; to provide a simplified and efficient timing mechanism; and to provide a simple and eiiicient valve and operating mechanism therefor.

One embodiment of the present invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in

which- I Figure 1 is a front end view in vertical elevation of an engine constructed and arranged in accordance with the present invent-ion; Fig. 2 is a rear end view of the same. the driving shaft and exhaust pipe being shown in section; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional elevation, the section being taken on the line 33 in Fig. i; Fig.4 is asectional elevation on the line 4.-el in Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation on the line 5-5 in Fig. 3; Fig. 6 is a detail view of the timing lever; Fig. 7 is a detail view of the timing collar; Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic view showing the valve action of both the compression and the expansion cylinders.

As seen in the drawings, the present invention employs three distinct rotary memhers. The drums l0 and 11 are both rigidly mounted on the main driving shaft 12. Said drums are mounted in casings 13 and 14, respectively. The casings 13 and 14 are both rigidly mounted on a base plate 15, and are spaced apart to hold therebetween a main driving gear wheel 16, which is likewise rigidly mounted on the shaft 12. The casings l3 and 14 are'connected by anelongated cvlindrical casing 17, wherein is rotatively mounted a third drum 18. The drum 18 has cut in the median section thereof gear teeth to form a gear toothed channel 19. The teeth of the channel 19 are meshed with the an explosion chamber,

.nal plane of the engine.

E teeth of a transmission gear wheel 20, which are likewise meshed with the teeth of the driving wheel 16.

The driv'ng wheel 16 is formed to a diameter equal to the diameter of the channel 19. whereby is secured uniformity in the rate of rotation of the drum l8, shaft 12 and drums 10 and 11 connected therewith. in this manner, there is secured timed registration of ports 21 and 22 in the drum 18 with ports '23 and 2d conm'iunicating with the chambers of the casings 13 and 14:, respectively.

The drum and is provided and 26, forming,

18 is elongated and tubular, at each end .with heads 25 when secured in position, the capacity of which is calculated to produce the desired effect on the expanding gases when liberated therefrom to pass through the port it into. the cylinder 29. The drum 18 is completely in cased within the casing 17, the latter being provided with heads 27 and 28, as shown best in Fig. 3 of the drawings.

The explosive fuel which is delivered to the explosion chamber 30 in the drum 18 is compressed in the cylinder 31. The cylinder 31 is annular in shape, the outer wall there of being formed by the inner surface of the casing 13, and the inner wall by the perime' ter of the drum 10. The drum 10 is circular, while the inner all of the casing is irregular in shape, forming a bridge 32 to divide the cylinder 31 in the manner best shown in Fig. 4. of the drawings. The thiclrenecl portion forming the bridge 32 also forms a seat for the casing 17, which is held rigidly in position upon the casings 13 and 19-1 by anchoring straps 33, from which straps extend outward the radiator blades 34.

in the drum 10 is formed a slot 35, in which slides a veneer piston 36. The piston 36 is furnished at the outer end with a pac ing 37 of any suitable material and construction, to bear against the outer surface of the cylinder 31 to completely close and divide said cylinder to form therein an induction and a compression section, said sections being behind and in front of said piston, respectively.

The bridge 32 is provided with a series of perforations 38, which register with the port 23 at the left of the vertical longitudi: To the right of the bridge 32 is parsaid vertical plane,

391Vl1lCl'l regtially bored to form a recess isters with a fuel-supply pipe 40 leading thereto from a carbureter 41'. The carbureter 41 may be of any conventional type, and its disposition upon, or adjacent to, the engine or casing 13 thereof may be greatly varied to suit the conditions incident to the service or installation.

The piston 36 is held outward from the center of the drum 10 by a heavy coil spring 42, which yields when said piston is passing under the bridge 32 to flush with the perimeter of the drum 10, to be thereafter lifted as permitted by the inner surface ofthe bridge 32 to pass the recess 39 and pipe .40 connected therewith, to trap the fuel previously delivered therefrom to the cylinder 31.

It will be noted that the port 21 in the drum 18 passes out of register with the port 23 of the casing 17 as the piston 36 moves under the port 23 or perforations 38 communicating therewith. This arrangement of the drum 18 secures the closure of the port 23. and prevents the delivery of fuel from the cylinder 31 during the first half of the rotation of the drum 10 after passing the recess 39 and supply pipe 40. In consequence of this action, when the port 21 is brought in register with the port 23, the fuel compressed by the piston 36 rushes into the chamber 30, the accelerated speed of said fuel aiding in scavenging'the chamber 30, to drive the dead gases therefrom into the cylinder 29, to be exhausted therefrom by way of a pipe 43.

In the operation of the engine, the drum 18 rotates to move the port 22 to register with the port 24 immediately after the closure of the port 23 by the removal of the port 21 out of register therewith. As the port 22 begins to open to the port 24, the charge of compressed fuel held in the chamber 30 is exploded or fired by a spark electrically produced by aspark plug 44, the terminals whereof extendthrough the heads 26 and 28, being rigidly mounted in the former and rotatively mounted in the latter. The exploding charge and expanding gases rush from the chamber 30 to impinge on a piston 45, forcing the same and the drum 11 in which it is mounted, to rotate in the direction shown by the arrow in Fig. 5 of the drawings. The piston 45 is provided at its outer end with an end-opening slot 46, wherein is slidably mounted a yielding pack ing strip 47. The strip 47 is held outward against the surface of the cylinder 29 by a cushion of spiral springs 48. In this manner, the joint between the outer end of the piston 45 and the outer surface of the cylinder 29 is maintained closed.

The piston 45 is held outward against the curved outer surface of the cylinder 29 by spiral springs 49, said piston being slidably mounted an guided in a slot 50 formed in the drum 11, as shown best in Fig. 5 of the drawings. To guide the action of the piston 45, and to hold the springs 49, said piston is provided with two or more guide-rods 51.

In Fig. 5 of the drawings, there is shown by dotted lines the relative location of the pipe 43, from which the dead or expanded gases following the piston 45, are delivered after said piston has passed said exhaust ipe.

p It will be noted by comparison of the ports 21 and 22 in their relation each to the other and each to its respective port-23 and 24, that the last period of the passage of the port 22 into register with the port 24 is coincident with the first period of the passage of the port 21 into register with the port 23. This arrangement of the various ports provides a clear passage for the compressed fuelin the cylinder 31 through the chamber 30, the cylinder 29 and the exhaust pipe 43, thus permitting the scavenging of the chamber 30. The dead gases remaining in the cylinder 29, consequent upon one explosion, are expelled therefrom bythe iston 45 on the succeeding explosion of revo ution of the drum 11 and said piston carried thereby.

The above-described scavenging action 00- curs within a relatively short period of time, the port 24 being closed or determined by the rotation of the drum 18, which develops fully the opening of the ports 21 and 23 to receive the full compression of the fuel delivered by the piston 36 and the chamber 30. The port 23 is thereafter fully closed before the opening or registration of the ports 22 and 24 begins. In other words, the full compressed charge of explosive fuel is for a short period held in the chamber 30.

Coincident with the initiation of registration of the ports 22 and 24, the charge of fuel in the chamber 30 is exploded by an electric spark developed in the plug 44. Co incident with the development of the explosion, consequent upon the ignition of the charge, is the development of the registration of the ports 22 and 24. The timing of the explosion is regulated by the movement of a lever 52. The lever 52 is rotatively mounted on the shaft 12, and is held by a perforated quadrant 53 mounted on the casing or frame ofthe machine. The perforations 54 in the quadrant 53 are furnished to receive a set pin, which is compressed into said perforations by a fiat spring 55 mounted on the lever 52. The lever 52 is secured to a ring 56 by a plate 57 of insulating material. The lever 52 and parts connected therewith being held relatively stationary by the quadrant 53, the shaft 12 rotates within the ring 56. Fixedly mounted on said shaft, to rotate therewith,'is a collar 58, faced partly with insulating material 59. A portion of the metal of the collar 58 extends through the insulating material 59 to form a. relatively short contact surface 60.

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The contact surface 60, in rotating with the shaft 12, passes under the end of a wiper spring 61. The spring 61 is held position nected with a battery 67. A second binding post 66 is electrically connected with the battery 67, or other electric source, by means of a circuit wire 68. The plate 64 is in circuit with one of the jumpsparl; terminals of the plug 443' as seen best in Fig. 3 of the drawings.

jl rom the foregoing, it will be seen that as the lever 52 is shifted around the center of the shaft 12, the moment of contact between the surface on the collar 58 and the wiper spring 61 is advanced or retarded relative to the opening of the ports 22 and 24. Thus, if desired,- the moment of explosion may he predetermined, to permit the explosive fuel to partly tlow into the cylinder 29 prior to explosion, or it may he advanced to explode the charge while completely in the chamber 30, and at the instant of the inauguration ofthe opening of the ports 22 and 24. Under all conditions, it will he understood that when the ex JlOSlOIl occurs, the major portion of the uel charge is contained in the explosion chamber 30. 7

To cool the working parts of the engine, ll provide fans and H. The fan '71 is fixedly mounted on the shaft l2, to rotate therewith, and is mounted in juxtaposed redation to the outer face of the casing- 13.

The casings 13 and 14: are both provided with perforations or openings 72, through which the air flows lengthwise of the engins, being drawn through a bonnet 73 with which the engine is provided. The drums ill and ll have a spider construction; that is, outer rings are mounted on spokes spaced apart to iorm passages 74 through which the air passes to reduce the heat of said drums. The fan 7i is operatirely connected hy a belt 75 and a pulley 76, with a tubular shaft 77.

The tubular shaft 7 7 is rotatively mounted on a stud shaft 7 8, which is rigidly mounted or set-in the head 27 of the, casing N, as

seen best in Fig. 3 oil the drawings. The rate or rotation of the tan 70 is increased as compared with the rate of rotation of the fan 1, thereby providing for a' more rapid movement oi the air "under the upper portion of the bonnet 73 and around the casing 17 and explosion chamber 30 therein.

Tn'the present engine, the maximum heat isproduced in the chamber 30. For this reason, the casing 17 is provided with a plurality of radiating fins79. The fins 79 are mounted in series'upon straps 80, which in practice surround the casing 17, and are utilized to bolt down or seat said casin in the seats provided therefor in the casings drawn through the openings 7 2' l3 and 14. This feature of construction is shown best in Figs. 4 and 5 of the drawings.

The fans 7 9 are multiplied as required, to

produce the maximum cooling ethclency.

The piston i5 is, as above described, lifted or maintained in contact with the outer sur face of the cylinder 29 by means of the spring 49. v To assist this action and at the same. time a better timing. of the action 01? the piston 4L5, ll lift the same mechanically by a lever 81. The lever 81 is pivotally mounted, by means of a pin 82, on the drum 11. A. second lever 83 is pivotally mounted .by means of a pin 8% on thesame drum, the

'two levers being connected by a rod 85, as

seen in Fig. 5 of the drawings, reciprocally imparting movement each to the other.

The lever 81 is pivotally connectetd with the piston 45, while the lever 83 rests upon a cam disk 86, a short end 87 being provided for that purpose. The cam of the disk 86 is platted in correspondence to the curve of the outer wall of the cylinder 29, the object of the construction being to move the piston 45 in conformity to the shape of said Wall.

Tn the present engine, ll employ what may be termed an oil packing for the drums 10,

.11 and 18. Said packing consists in providinn; annular grooves 88, to which oil is fed abundantly from oil cups 89.

The cylinders 29 and 31 are each provided with a small intake pipe 90 and a pet-cock 91 for controlling the passage through the same. The purpose of the pipes 90 and petcocks mounted thereon is to admit air to I said cylinders to relieve the suction of the same. This is done at the beginning of the operation of the engine, or while perfornr ing what is known as cranking or turning over the driving shaft.

in the diagram shown in Fig. 8, the cylinders 29 and 31, and the opposite ends of the drum 18. are shown in the same plane, in order that the relation of the ports 21 and 22 to each other and their mutual relation to the ports 23 and 24 may be shown. Thus, in the drawings, 29+3l indicates the dual resentation of the cylinders 29 and 31.

the drum 10, while the light lines indicate the cylinder 31 and the drum 11. The piston '33 in the 'cylinder 29 is indicated in heavy lines, while the piston 45 is indicated by light lines, the two pistons being shown in their relative positions. The drum 18, wherein is formed the ports 21 and 22, is shaded in various ways to indicate graphically the metal walls of the drum 1% and the arrangement of the port openings therein. Thus, the horizontal shade lines indicate the solid wall at the end of the drum l8 adjacent the compression cylinder 31, Where the port opening 21 is formed, while the vertical shade lines'indicate the solid wall at the opposite end of the drum 18 adjacent the cylinder 29, where the port 22 is formed. The numerals 21, as used in Fig. 8, indicate the port opening for the admission of com pressed fuel to the explosion chamber 30, while the numeral 22 indicates the port opening for the passage of the expanding gases from the explosion chamber to the cylinder 29. The combined numerals 2l+22 indicate the lap of the port openings 21 and 22. This lap of the port openings is utilized to permit the fresh fuel entering the chamber 30 to scavenge the same by driving the spent fuel therefrom by way of the p0rt'2l, into the cylinder 29.

In Fig. 8, the various arrows have been lettered to facilitate the reference thereto; thus, the arrow A indicates the compressed fuel passing from the cylinder 31- to the explosion chamber 30, under normal conditions. The flight of arrows B indicates the course of the compressed fuel passing from the cylinder 3l.to the cylinder 29 by way of the chamber 30 to scavenge or clear said chamber of'dead or spent gases. The arrow indicates the normal passage of the exploded or expanding gases entering the cylinder 29'from the chamber 30. The arrow.

D is used to indicate the compression side of the piston 36. The arrow E indicates the gas-expansion side of the piston 45. The arrow G indicates the fuel passing into the cylinder 31. The arrow H indicates the passage of the dead or spent gases by way of the exhaust pipe 43. The arrows K and Mare used to show the rotation of the shaft 12 and the drums 1O, 11 and 18.

Claims. r

i.' An internal combustion engine, comprising a rotary driving shaft; a plurality of circular cylinders mounted to surround said shaft in planes perpendicular thereto, said cylinders being provided each with an inlet port and an outlet port; a plurality of pistons mounted upon, to continuously rotate with said shaft in said cylinders; a rotary cylinder extending between said circular cylinders to form a communicating passage therebetween, said rotary cylinder having port openings therein to register with one of said ports in each of said cylinders, the port openings of said rotary cylinderbeing arranged relatively to the ports with which they register so that both openings are partly in register with their respective ports for a period of time; and means operatively connecting said shaft and said rotary cylinder to synchronize the rotation of said rotary cylinder and said pistons.

2. In combination, a compression cylinder and an expansion cylinder coaxially disposed in separated relation; an explosion chamber extending between and in open communication with both cylinders; a cylindrical valve rotatively mounted in said chamber and having ports at the ends thereof, for establishing communication between said chamber and said cylinders, said ports being disposed to relatively time the communication between said chamber and said cylinders, to secure successive operation thereof; a driving shaft mounted in said cylinders, concentrically therewith; a plurality of rotary drums mounted on said shaft, one of said drums being disposed in each of said cylinders; a plurality 'of reciprocating pistons mounted one in each of said drums to move outward therefrom to rest against the inner walls of said cylinders; and a transmission mechanism operatively connecting said shaft and valve to operate said valve in timed relation to said drums.

3. In combination, a compression cylinder and an expansion cylinder coaxially disposed in separated relation; an explosion chamber extending between and in open communication with both cylinders;

a cylindrical valve rotativelymounted in said chamber, said valve having port openings'controlling the communication between said chamber and each of said cylinders,

said port openings being arranged for relatively progressive operation, to provide overlapping sections therein, whereby both cylinders and chamber are in communication; a driving shaft mounted in said cylinders, concentrically therewith; a plurality of rotary drums mounted on said shaft, one of said drums being disposed in each of said cylinders; a plurality of reciprocating pistons mounted one in each of said drums to move outward therefrom to rest against'the inner walls of said cylinders; and a transmission mechanism operatively connecting said shaft and valve to operate said valve in timed relation to said drums.

4. In combination, a compression cylinder and an expansion cylinder coaxially disposed in separated relation; an explosion chamber extending between and in open communication with both cylinders; a cylindrical valve rotatively mounted in said chamber and having ports at the end thereof, for establishing communication between said chamber and said cylinders, said ports being disposed to relatively time the communication between said chamber and said cylinders, to secure successive oporation thereof; a driving shaft mounted in said cylinders, concentrically therewith; a plurality of rotary drums mounted on said shaft, one of said drums being disposed in each of said cylinders; a plurality of reciprocating pistons mountedone "in each of said drums to move outward therefrom to rest against the inner walls of said cylinders; a transmission mechanism operatively connecting said shaft and valve to operate said valve 1n timed relation to said drums;

and an ignition system embodying actuatin means directly connected wlth said driving shaft, an electric circuit, and sparki'ng terminals for said circuit, located in sald valve.

5. In combination, a compression cylinder and an expansion cylinder coaxially disposed in separated relation; an explosion chamber extending between and in open communication with both cylinders; a cylindrical valve rotatively mounted in said chamber, said valve having port openings controlling the communication between said chamber and each of said cylinders, said port openings being arranged for relatively progressive operation toprovide overlaping sections therein, whereby both cyliners and chamber are in communication; a driving shaft mounted in concentrically therewith; a plurality of rotary drums mounted on said shaft, one of said drums being disposed in each of said cylinders; a plurality of reciprocating pistons mounted one in each of saiddrums to move outward therefrom to rest against the inner walls of said cylinders; and a train of gears operatively connecting said shaft and said valve, said gears being disposed between said cylinders.

6. In combination, a compression cylin- K said drums being cylinders said cylinders,

der and an expansion cylinder coaxially disposed in separated relation; an explosion chamber extending between and in open communication with both cylinders; a cylindrical valve rotatively mounted in said chamber, said valve having port openings controlling the communication between said chamber and each of said cylinders, said port openings being arranged for relatively progressive operation, to provide overlapping sections therein, whereby both cylindiets and chamber are in communication; a driving shaft mounted in said cylinders, concentrically therewith; a plurality of rotary drumsmounted on said shaft, one of disposed in each of said a plurality of reciprocating pistons mounted one in each of said drums to move outward therefrom to rest against the inner walls of said cylinders; and a train of gears operatively connecting said shaft and valve to operate said valve in unison with said drums.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HORACE FALK NEUMEYER.

Witnesses:

BOAZ W. LINKER, A. L. WIGKERT.

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