Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
  • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
  • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
  • C03C3/078—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing an oxide of a divalent metal, e.g. an oxide of zinc
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C21/00—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface
  • C03C21/001—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions
  • C03C21/002—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions to perform ion-exchange between alkali ions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C10/00—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition
  • C03C10/0036—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition containing SiO2, Al2O3 and a divalent metal oxide as main constituents
  • C03C10/0045—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition containing SiO2, Al2O3 and a divalent metal oxide as main constituents containing SiO2, Al2O3 and MgO as main constituents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C21/00—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
  • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
  • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
  • C03C3/083—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
  • C03C3/085—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal
  • C03C3/087—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal containing calcium oxide, e.g. common sheet or container glass
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
  • C03C4/0092—Compositions for glass with special properties for glass with improved high visible transmittance, e.g. extra-clear glass

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a crystallized glass including, in a surface, a compressive stress layer.
• the present invention relates to a crystallized glass suitable for protective members for mobile electronic devices and optical devices, for example.
• Mobile electronic devices such as smartphones and tablet PCs are equipped with cover glasses for protecting displays.
• Car-mounted optical devices are equipped with protectors for protecting lenses.
• Materials used for such cover glasses or protectors and having high visible-light transmittance and excellent color balance are in demand.
• Sapphire has been attracting attention as a material having higher hardness than glass and having transparency. However, sapphire is produced at low productivity and has low workability, compared with glass.
• crystallized glass As another material, there is crystallized glass, which is produced by precipitating crystals within glass in order to increase the strength of glass. Crystallized glass can have better mechanical characteristics than amorphous glass. However, existing crystallized glass has low visible-light transmittance, and hence is not suitable in the applications to protective members.
• Patent Literature 1 discloses a crystallized glass for data recording media. This crystallized glass has low visible-light transmittance. In addition, during chemical strengthening, a sufficient compressive stress value is not achieved, and a stress layer is not deeply formed.
• An object of the present invention is to provide a crystallized glass having a high visible-light transmittance and a high hardness.
• the inventors of the present invention performed thorough tests and studies. As a result, the inventors have found the following findings: by specifying components constituting a crystallized glass and contents of the components and by adjusting crystallization conditions and chemical strengthening conditions, a very-hard and transparent crystallized glass is obtained. Thus, the inventors have completed the present invention. Specifically, the present invention provides the following.
• a crystallized glass including a crystallized glass mother material, and, in a surface, a compressive stress layer,
• the crystallized glass has, for a thickness of 10 mm, a light transmittance of, including reflection loss, 80% at a wavelength in 400 to 669 nm, and has a Vickers hardness [Hv] of 835 to 1300.
• a total content of the SiO 2 component, the Al 2 O 3 component, the Na 2 O component, the K 2 O component, the MgO component, and the TiO 2 component is 90% or more.
• a total content of the SiO 2 component, the Al 2 O 3 component, the Na 2 O component, the K 2 O component, the MgO component, and the TiO 2 component is 90% or more.
• the present invention provides a crystallized glass having a high visible-light transmittance and a high hardness.
• Crystallized glasses according to the present invention are usable as materials for optical members such as optical lenses. Such crystallized glasses are also usable for, because of their appearances unique to glass materials, outer-frame members of mobile electronic devices and other decorative applications.
• a crystallized glass according to the present invention includes a crystallized glass as a mother material (also referred to as a crystallized glass mother material), and, in the surface, a compressive stress layer.
• the compressive stress layer can be formed by subjecting the crystallized glass mother material to an ion-exchange treatment, and strengthens the crystallized glass mother material.
• a crystallized glass according to the present invention has, for a thickness of 10 mm, a light transmittance (also simply referred to as transmittance) of, including reflection loss, 80% at a wavelength in 400 to 669 nm, preferably in 400 to 620 nm, more preferably in 400 to 600 nm.
• a light transmittance also simply referred to as transmittance
• the transmittance can be measured by a method described in EXAMPLES.
• Such a transmittance is affected by, for example, crystal grain size, amount of crystals, or a nucleating agent, and can be achieved by, in particular, adjusting crystallization temperature and crystallization time. With an increase in the crystallization temperature, the wavelength tends to increase.
• the Vickers hardness [Hv] is 835 to 1300.
• the Vickers hardness is preferably 840 to 1300. The higher the hardness, the lower the probability of becoming scratched and cracked.
• the Vickers hardness can be measured by a method described in EXAMPLES. Such a hardness can be achieved by, in particular, adjusting chemical strengthening time and temperature in accordance with the thickness of the substrate.
• the compressive stress layer of the crystallized glass preferably has a thickness of 20 ⁇ m or more.
• the thickness is more preferably 43 ⁇ m or more, most preferably 45 ⁇ m or more.
• the upper limit is not limited, but is normally 350 ⁇ m or less.
• the surface of the compressive stress layer preferably has a compressive stress value of 850 MPa or more. With such a compressive stress value, extension of cracks can be suppressed and a higher mechanical strength can be provided.
• the compressive stress value is more preferably 950 MPa or more, still more preferably 1000 MPa or more, most preferably 1050 MPa or more.
• the upper limit is not limited, but is normally 1200 MPa or less.
• the crystallized glass mother material constituting the crystallized glass is a material including a crystalline phase and a glass phase, and hence distinguished from amorphous solid.
• the crystalline phase of crystallized glass is identified on the basis of the angles of peaks appearing in an X-ray diffraction pattern provided by X-ray diffraction analysis, and identified optionally by TEMEDX.
• the crystallized glass contains, as a crystalline phase, for example, one or more selected from MgAl 2 O 4 , MgTi 2 O 5 , MgTi 2 O 4 , Mg 2 TiO 4 , Mg 2 SiO 4 , MgAl 2 Si 2 O 8 , and Mg 2 Al 4 Si 5 O 18 .
• the crystallized glass has an average crystal size of, for example, 4 to 15 nm, or 5 to 13 nm, or 6 to 10 nm.
• the average crystal size can be measured by a method described in EXAMPLES. The smaller the average crystal size, the smoother the processing to a post-polishing surface roughness Ra of several angstroms, and the higher the transmittance.
• the average crystal size can be adjusted by changing the composition or crystallization conditions.
• composition ranges of components constituting the crystallized glass will be described.
• the contents of components are described in % by weight on an oxide basis unless otherwise specified.
• the “oxide basis” means the following: assuming that the components constituting the crystallized glass are all decomposed into oxides, relative to the total weight of the oxides being defined as 100% by weight, the amounts of oxides of the components contained in the crystallized glass are described in % by weight.
• the crystallized glass serving as the mother material (hereafter, also simply referred to as crystallized glass) preferably contains, in % by weight on an oxide basis,
• the crystallized glass more preferably contains, in % by weight on an oxide basis,
• the crystallized glass preferably further contains 0.01% to 3.0% of one or more selected from the group consisting of an Sb 2 O 3 component, a SnO 2 component, and a CeO 2 component.
• the SiO 2 component content is more preferably 45.0% to 65.0%, still more preferably 50.0% to 60.0%.
• the Al 2 O 3 component content is more preferably 13.0% to 23.0%.
• the Na 2 O component content is more preferably 8.0% to 18.0%, more preferably 9.0% to 17.0%, particularly preferably 10.5% to 16.0%.
• the K 2 O component content is more preferably 1.0% to 7.0%, still more preferably 1.0% to 5.0%.
• the MgO component content is more preferably 2.0% to 15.0%, still more preferably 3.0% to 13.0%, particularly preferably 5.0% to 11.0%.
• the CaO component content is more preferably 0.1% to 2.0%.
• the TiO 2 component content is more preferably 1.0% to 10.0%, still more preferably 2.0% to 8.0%.
• the total content of the Sb 2 O 3 component, the SnO 2 component, and the CeO 2 component is more preferably 0.1% to 2.0%, still more preferably 0.3% to 1.0%.
• the total content of the SiO 2 component, the Al 2 O 3 component, the Na 2 O component, the K 2 O component, the MgO component, and the TiO 2 component may be 90% or more, preferably 95% or more, more preferably 98% or more, still more preferably 99% or more.
• the total content of the SiO 2 component, the Al 2 O 3 component, the Na 2 O component, the K 2 O component, the MgO component, the CaO component, the TiO 2 component, the Sb 2 O 3 component, the SnO 2 component, and the CeO 2 component may be 90% or more, preferably 95% or more, more preferably 98% or more, still more preferably 99% or more. These components may account for 100%.
• the crystallized glass may contain a ZnO component and a ZrO 2 component as long as advantages of the present invention are not degraded, or may not contain these components.
• the content may be 0 to 5.0%, 0 to 3.0%, or 0 to 2.0%. Addition of these components results in an increase in specific gravity.
• the crystallized glass may contain a B 2 O 3 component, a P 2 O 5 component, a BaO component, an FeO component, a Li 2 O component, a SrO component, a La 2 O 3 component, a Y 2 O 3 component, a Nb 2 O 5 component, a Ta 2 O 5 component, a WO 3 component, a TeO 2 component, and a Bi 2 O 3 component as long as advantages of the present invention are not degraded, or may not contain these components.
• the content of each component may be 0% or more and 2.0% or less, 0% or more and less than 2.0%, or 0% or more and 1.0% or less.
• a crystallized glass according to the present invention may contain, as fining agents, in addition to the Sb 2 O 3 component, the SnO 2 component, and the CeO 2 component, one or two or more selected from the group consisting of an As 2 O 3 component, F, Cl, NOx, and SOx.
• the upper limit of the fining agent content is preferably 5.0%, more preferably 2.0%, most preferably 1.0%.
• the crystallized glass serving as a mother material preferably contains, in mol % on an oxide basis,
• the total content of the SiO 2 component, the Al 2 O 3 component, the Na 2 O component, the K 2 O component, the MgO component, and the TiO 2 component may be 90 mol % or more, preferably 95 mol % or more, more preferably 98 mol % or more, still more preferably 99 mol % or more.
• a molar ratio [Al 2 O 3 /MgO] expressed on an oxide basis may be 0.5 or more and 2.0 or less.
• a molar ratio [TiO 2 /Na 2 O] expressed on an oxide basis may be 0 or more and 0.41 or less.
• a molar ratio [MgO/Na 2 O] expressed on an oxide basis may be 0 or more and 1.60 or less.
• a crystallized glass according to the present invention may optionally contain other components not described above as long as characteristics of a crystallized glass according to the present invention are not degraded.
• transition metal components excluding Ti, Fe, Zr, Nb, W, La, Gd, Y, Yb, and Lu, such as V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Ag, and Mo, are preferably substantially not contained because the glass becomes colored.
• Pb, Th, Cd, Tl, Os, Be, and Se components are preferably substantially not contained because of a recent trend of reducing use of these hazardous chemical substances.
• a crystallized glass according to the present invention can be produced by the following method, for example.
• Raw materials are uniformly mixed such that the above-described components satisfy the predetermined content ranges, and melted and shaped to produce raw glass. Subsequently, this raw glass is crystallized to produce a crystallized glass mother material. Furthermore, the crystallized glass mother material is chemically strengthened.
• the raw glass is heat-treated to precipitate crystals uniformly within the glass. This heat treatment may be performed at a 1-step temperature or 2-step temperatures.
• a heat treatment at a first temperature is performed as a nucleation step; and, after this nucleation step, a heat treatment at a second temperature higher than in the nucleation step is performed as a crystal growth step.
• a nucleation step and a crystal growth step are continuously performed.
• the temperature is increased to a predetermined heat treatment temperature; after the temperature reaches the heat treatment temperature, this temperature is held for a predetermined time, and subsequently the temperature is decreased.
• the first temperature of the 2-step heat treatment is preferably 600° C. to 750° C.
• the holding time at the first temperature is preferably 30 minutes to 2000 minutes, most preferably 180 minutes to 1440 minutes.
• the second temperature of the 2-step heat treatment is preferably 650° C. to 850° C.
• the holding time at the second temperature is preferably 30 minutes to 600 minutes, most preferably 60 minutes to 300 minutes.
• the temperature of the heat treatment is preferably 600° C. to 800° C., more preferably 630° C. to 770° C.
• the holding time at the heat treatment temperature is preferably 30 minutes to 500 minutes, more preferably 60 minutes to 300 minutes.
• the crystallized glass mother material can be processed by, for example, grinding and polishing, to produce a shaped body.
• the shaped body can be processed into a thin sheet, to thereby produce a thin-sheet crystallized glass mother material.
• a compressive stress layer is formed.
• the compressive stress layer is a strengthened layer formed by ion-exchange caused by a chemical strengthening process.
• the crystallized glass mother material can be chemically strengthened by bringing it into contact with or immersing it in a molten salt, for example, a salt containing potassium or sodium, such as potassium nitrate (KNO 3 ) or sodium nitrate (NaNO 3 ).
• a molten salt for example, a salt containing potassium or sodium, such as potassium nitrate (KNO 3 ) or sodium nitrate (NaNO 3 ).
• the crystallized glass mother material is immersed in molten salt prepared by heating potassium nitrate (KNO 3 ) at 350° C. to 600° C. (more preferably 400° C. to 500° C.) for 90 minutes or more, for example, 90 minutes to 60 hours, preferably 90 minutes to 50 hours.
• KNO 3 potassium nitrate
• an ion-exchange reaction proceeds between a component present in the near-surface glass phase and a component contained in the molten salt.
• a compressive stress layer is formed in the surface portion.
• raw materials of the components of crystallized glasses As raw materials of the components of crystallized glasses, corresponding raw materials were selected, such as oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, nitrate, fluoride, chloride, hydroxide, and a metaphosphoric acid compound; and these raw materials are weighed so as to satisfy the following composition proportions and uniformly mixed.
• SiO 2 component 55%; Al 2 O 3 component: 18%; Na 2 O component: 12%; K 2 O component: 2%; MgO component: 8%; CaO component: 1%; TiO 2 component: 5%; and Sb 2 O 3 component: 0.1%
• the obtained raw glass was, in order to achieve nucleation and crystallization, subjected to a 1-step heat treatment to prepare a crystallized glass serving as a mother material.
• the heat treatment temperature was 660° C. to 740° C., and the holding time at the temperature was 5 hours.
• the prepared crystallized glass mother material was cut and ground so as to have shapes having 40 mm sides and a thickness of more than 10 mm, and subjected to opposite-surface parallel polishing to provide 1-mm-thick and 10-mm-thick substrates.
• the 1-mm-thick and 10-mm-thick crystallized glass mother materials were measured in terms of spectral transmittance in 240 to 800 nm by using a spectro photometer U-4000, manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation, to determine a wavelength at which the transmittance including reflection loss became 80%. The results are described in Tables 1 and 2.
• the crystalline phases of the crystallized glass mother materials were identified on the basis of the angles of peaks appearing in an X-ray diffraction pattern measured using an X-ray diffraction analyzer (X'PERT-PRO-MPD, manufactured by Philips), and identified optionally by TEMEDX (JEM 2100F, manufactured by JEOL Ltd.). Crystalline phases of MgAl 2 O 4 and MgTi 2 O 4 were identified.
• the average crystal size of crystal grains precipitated in the crystallized glass mother materials was measured in images captured using a scanning electron microscope (TEM) (JEM 2100F, manufactured by JEOL Ltd.) at a magnification of 3,000,000. Specifically, the crystal sizes of crystal grains in a 180 ⁇ 180 nm 2 region were determined and averaged. The average crystal sizes are described in Tables 1 and 2.
• the crystallized glass mother materials (substrates) subjected to opposite-surface parallel polishing to thicknesses described in Tables 1 and 2 were immersed in KNO 3 molten salt at salt bath temperatures for immersion times described in Tables 1 and 2 to achieve chemical strengthening to provide crystallized glasses.
• the crystallized glass of Example 1 was found to have a specific gravity of 2.54. The transmittance and the average crystal size were found to remain unchanged after the chemical strengthening.
• the Vickers hardnesses (Hv) of crystallized glasses were determined and described in Tables 1 and 2. Such a Vickers hardness was determined in the following manner: a diamond quadrangular pyramid indenter having an angle of 136° between opposite faces was used to indent the test surface under a load to form a pyramid-shaped recess; this load was divided by a surface area (mm 2 ) calculated from the length of the recess, to determine a value as the Vickers hardness. The measurement was performed with a micro-hardness tester MVK-E, manufactured by Akashi Seisakusho, Ltd., under a test load of 100 gf, for a holding time of 15 seconds.
• MVK-E micro-hardness tester
• the thickness (stress thickness) (DOL) of the compressive stress layer of such a crystallized glass and the compressive stress value (CS) of the surface of the compressive stress layer were measured using a glass surface stress meter FSM-6000LE, manufactured by Orihara industrial co., ltd. Calculations were performed with a refractive index of 1.54 and an optical elastic constant of 29.658 [(nm/cm)/MPa] of the specimen.

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• 2017
  • 2017-12-28 US US16/488,248 patent/US11104607B2/en active Active
  • 2017-12-28 KR KR1020197024799A patent/KR102434097B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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