US1101813A - Process of forging. - Google Patents

Description

J. F. RICE.

PROCESS OF FORGING.

APPLIOATION IILED AUG.28, 191s.

Patented June 30,191

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WITNESSES J. F. RICE.

PROCESS OF FORGING.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 28, 1913. v 1, 1 0 1,81 Patented June 30, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES INVENTOR COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH co., WASHINGTON, n. c

1 w mmw UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH F. RICE, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR T CHAMPION MACHINE & FORGING COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

PROCESS OF FORGING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 30, 1914.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, JOSEPH F. R1011, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Guyahoga and State of Ohio, have'invented a certain new and useful Process of Forging, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to a process of forging articles in such manner that the draft to is eliminated. Many articles capable of being forged require draft in order to free the dies. In same cases this draft is unobjectionable, but in other cases the draft is so objectionable that the article must be either squared up by machining or a cast article substituted. My invention is designed for use in those cases in which the draft must be eliminated, and when by reason of the expense or some other cause it is impracticable to machine the article.

Briefly stated the process consists in forging the article in the usual way with the draft necessary to free the dies, and then removing the article to another set of dies working at right angles to the direction of movement of the first dies and removing the draft by a pressing or forging operation. The application of the apparatus to the manufacture of one particular type of article is illustrated I in the accompanying drawings diagrammatically.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a blank to be forged, Fig. 2 is a section through one of the dies employed, the article being forged being shown in dotted lines therein,

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through both dies when in open position Fig. 4 is a section through the dies of Fig. 3, on the line IVIV, Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the article as it is forged in the dies of,

in a pair of gripping dies preliminary to the second forging operation, Fig. 9 is a section on the line IXIX of Fig. 8, Fig. 10 is a similar section after the second forging operation has been completed, Fig. 11

is a perspective view of the article after it has been forged in the dies of Figs. 8 and 9, and Figs. 12 and 13 are sections on the lines XII-XII and XIIIXIII respectively of Fig. 11.

The process as illustrated and herein to be described is directed to the formation of the carriage supporting bracket shown in Figs. 11, 12, and 13, such article being substantially without draft, but it will be understood that the process is broadly applicable to the formation of a great variety of forged articles. The process may obviously be practised with a wide variety of opera ting means for the dies, and with many different types of dies, and for this reason a showing of the operating means for the dles is omittedand the dies themselves are somewhat diagrammatically shown.

At the starting point in the operation a blank similar to that shown in Fig. 1 may be employed, such blank being formed upon an upsetting machine which employs a rectangular stock 1 and upsets the cylindrical head 2 thereon, the operation being similar to that employed in a .bolt making machine. The blank thus roughly formed is then placed between the dies 3 and 4 as indicated in Figs. 2 and 3, such dies being arranged for a movement of approach. Either one or both of the diesmay be movable in order to secure this movement, but the die 1 is preferably fixed.

Upon the descent of the die 3 the blank shown in Fig. 1 is forged into the form illustrated in Fig. 5. The article as thus formed is provided with a shank 5 and disk portions 6 and 7, the material between the disk portions 6 and 7 being forced out by carried by the die 3 (Fig. 4). By reference to Fig. 4 it will be seen that the die faces 9 and10 of the portion 8 are inclined to provide draft, as are also the surfaces 11 and 12 of the lower die 4. As a result the die 3 can be easily retracted after the forg' ing operation, and the article easily removed from the lower die 4:. As a result of the provision of the inclination upon the die members the side surfaces of the disks 6 and 7 are inclined as indicated at 18 and 14 (Fig. 6). Similarly in order that the shank 5 of the article may be freedfronrthe dies 3 and 1, the surfaces "15 and 16 (Fig. 3) are inclined up to the line of parting of the dies, and as a result the shank 5 is provided with the inclined surfaces (Fig. 7).

The formation of the article as above de- 17 and 18 the downwardly projecting die portion 8 scribed with draft in order to free it from the dies is typical of forging operations, and

it is the purpose of the second step of my process to straighten up the inclined surfaces 13, 1st, 17, and 18, thus eliminating the draft and avoiding the machine work which would be necessary if the article were to be used for a purpose wherein the inclined surfaces due to the draft are objectionable.

In carrying out my process upon the particular article shown in Fig. 5 I preferably employ three dies, two of which have a relative movement of approach vertically and grip the article preliminary to the forging operation, and the third die arranged to approach laterally and at substantially right angles to the surfaces which are to be straightened, or in other words from which the draft is to be removed. This last operation not only removes the draft but also forges the article to finished form in case any further forging is necessary.

Referring to Fig. 8,19 and 20 are a pair of gripping dies having a vertical movement of approach and between which the article of Fig. 5 is placed and gripped when the dies 19 and 20 are moved toward each other. After the dies 19 and20 have gripped the article a third die 21 movable preferably in a horizontal plane (Fig. 9) at right angles to the line of movement of the dies 19, and 20 engages the side faces of the article and straightens up the side surfaces of 'the disks 6 and 7 and of the shank 5 as indicated in Fig. 10. In order to form theinner surfaces of the disks 6 and 7 a forming mandrel 22 is employed, such mandrel being positioned be tween the disks 6 and 7 before it is inserted between the gripping dies 19 and 20.

Figs. 11, 12, and 13 illustrate the bracket in its complete form after the second forging operation as above described. By reference to these figures it will beseen that the second operation has straightened up the side surfaces 13 and 14 of the disks 6 and 7, and that the side surfaces of the shank 5 (Fig. -13)'have been flattened thus remov ing the inclination of the sides and widening the shank. Also that the shank 5 has been forged to a position ofl center and indentation 23 formed for the guidance of the machinist in drilling the bolt holes. It will be understood that after the forging operation the mandrel 22 is knocked from its position between the disks 6 and 7. istic of my invention that the article is forged with the draft necessary to permit the ready freeing of thedies, and subse- It is character quently such draft is removed by forging the article in dies having a movement of approach at right angles to the line of movement of approach of the first dies. The employment of the pair of gripping dies 19 and 20 in the second operation is desirable in that it provides a means for readily freeing the article after the forging operation, since the article when forged into the dies 19 and 20 has no draft, and would be more or less diflicult of removal if a single die were employed. If desired, the ends of the mandrel 22 may be ve'ryslightly inclined to permit the more readyfreeing of the article therefrom'after the forging operation.

1. A process offorging which consists in first causing a pair of dies one of which is formed with draft,to approach and forge an article with a surface having draft, and then removing the article. to a second pair of dies having a movement ofapproach at substantially right angles to the said surface and forging or pressing the article to elimi nate the draft. v

2. A process of forging which consists in first causing a' pair of dies one of'which is formed with draft to approachand forge an article'with surfaces having draft, then removing the article to a pair of separable gripping dies having a movement of approach with respect to the article the same as that of the first pair of dies, and removing the draft by causing a movement of approach between said separable gripping dies and a third die, sald movement of approach being at rightangles to the relative direction of movement of the gripping dies.

3. A process of forging which consists in first causing a pair ofdies to approac h and forge an article having a'recess with the opposing inner faces thereof inclined to provide draft and permit the removal of the die, then placing a forming block in the said recess, and forging the'article in a second pair of dies to press the said inner faces of the re'cess'against the two ends of theforming block to remove the inclination of the said faces, the said dies moving transversely of the line of movement of the first dies.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two slibscribed witnesses.

Josiirn r. men Witnesses:

'F. F. PEPPER,

F. W. GRENE.

Gonies 'ofthis patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, 2

Washington, D. 0.

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