US1085182A - Condenser. - Google Patents

Description

R. D. TOMLINSON.

CONDENSEP.

APPLICATION FILED APR. s. 1912.

PatentedJa11.2T,l914.

ATTD'ENEV.

PIE- WITNESSES- CIJ UUFED STATES Prihl'll FFQ.

ROYAL D. TOMLNSON, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO ALLIS-CHALMERS MANUFACTURXNG COMPANY, A CORPORTIGN OF DELAWARE.

CONDENSER.

rosales.

Application filed April 6, 1912. Serial No. GSSf.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 27, 191 t.

To all '1c/tom it may concern.

13e it known that I, ROYAL D. ToMLiNsoN, a citizen ot' the United States, residing at Milwaukee, in the county of Milwaukee and State otlViscousin, lhave invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Condensers, ot' which the following is a specification.

T his invention relates to a condenser for the ste-ain of an engine, especially an engine ot' the turbine class.

'lhe object of the invention is to improve the construction of condensers, especially in the feature of forced injection of water thereto and the elimination of expensive valves in the steam pipe to the condenser, nud in the separation of the air taken from the condenser, from the water used in its extraction.

Airnother object is to provide a condenser with two distinct water injection pipes, one natural and the other forced.

Another object of the invention is to have a single pump to supply the water used when the condenser is operated by forced injection and also to supply that used to eject the air from the condenser.

ln order to better make known this in vcntion, reference is made to the accompanying drawing showing,r one embodiment ther-coi". in which,

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic showing partly in section, of the condenser system. Fig. '2- is a similar showing viewed at right angles to the showing in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through the condenser. Fig. 4 is a transverse section through the condenser on the line fil/'AFV of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a sectional view through the `guard plate applied to the discharge pipe of the air ejector.

tteterrinf to the drawing, especially Figs.

I 1 and 2 thereof, the primary derices of the condenser system are a steam turbine 1 de liver'ing exhaust steam to a condenser 4, from which the condense water passes to a centrifugal pump 19, and thence to a hot well 37. A second centrifugal pump 2O supplies water to the air ejector 16 and to the condenser 4. These two pumps 19, Q0, are driven from a common shaft by a motor 21, which may bc either a steam turbine or an electric motor.

The piping,r connections will now be explained. The injection pipe 8 originates at its lower end in cold well Q4, passes upwardly along the side of the condenser-1, around to the end ot' the condenser si by a U-pipe i and connects to the condenser i at the lower part. ot the lett end thereof as seen in Fig. 2. .fi mein injection valve 7 is located in the U-pipe G and is operated by hand wheel Q. The exhaust p'ipe 3 from the turbine 1 connects to condenser #l at. the neck Q5 tilt the top of the condenser. The discharge.- pipe 9 for injection water and condense water connects to the condenser 4 at the ndck at theibottom of' the condenser, extends downwardly in a sort ot' S- shape and connects to the inlet ot pump 19, the discharge pipe 18 ot' which extends into the hot well 3T. The check valve 1l" is located in the discharge pipe 18. An air ejection pipe connects to the condenser et at the upper portion of the lett cud thereof as seen in Fig. Q, and extends downwardly to its connection with the air ejector 1G dischargingI to well 22. which in communication with cold well 24 as more clearly disclosed in Fig. Q. A valve 12 is interposed in the air ejection pipe. The pump 520 has its suction pipe 223 originating;r in the cold well Q1 and its discharge pipe 14 is divided into two branch pipes 11, 15, the former of which extends upwardly and connects with the U-pipe 6 between the main injection valve 7 and thc condenser 4 (or it may con` necty directly to the condenser 4). and the latter of which extends downwardly and connects to the air ejector 16. A vnlve 10 is interposed in the branch pipe 11, and a valve 151 in the branch pipe 15. A steam primer 3. 13, is connected to the discharge pipe 14 of thc pump 20 and preferably dis charges into the branch pipe 15.

Referring;r to Figs. 3 and si of the drawing, the condenser structure will now be dcscribed. The water box 32 is connected to the U-pipe 6 supplying the main injection water, and from this water box 3Q extend a series ot' wedge shaped troughs 28 into the main body ofl the condenser. These troughs Q8 have serrated edges and are supported at their right ends as seen in Fig. 3. by lugs 2) on the end plate Q90 for the right end of the condenser. These troughs have baille plates 26 supported directly thereover. Underneath the troughs and alternatinglr therewith, are splash plates 33 supported longitudinally from end to end of the condenser on lugs provided for that purpose. These splash plates have their upper surfaces indented. The discharge neck 35 at the lower part of the condenser is extended therein a short distance and has its upper edge 34 serrated. An air pocket 3() is formed above the Water box 32 and connects to the air ejection pipe 5. A guard plate 27 separates the steam and air spaces of the upper part of; the condenser. Convenientv hand holes 36 may be provided in the end plate 290.

Referring to Fig. 5, a guard plate or spreader 38 is connected to the discharge end of the air ejector 16 or the pipe extending therefrom, by means of connecting posts 39. The middle portion of the guard plate or spreader 38 is made in the shape of a cone.

The operation of the condenser is as follows-z In order to begin operations it is necessary to prime the centrifugal pump 20';

" the other pump 19 need not be primed because it receives its supply by gravity. Steam is admitted to the primer 13, which at its right hand connection, as seen in Fig. 2, constitutes an ejector, and at its left hand merely constitutes a discharge connection for the mixture of steam and the Water ejected to conduct. same to the Well 22 through the air ejector 16. In order to have the primer operate it is necessary to shut off valve 10 in the forced injection pipe 11 and valve 151 in the Water pipe 14 supplying the air ejector 16. Main valve 7 and air valve 12 are assumed to have been closed. The pump 2O having been thus primed, valve 10 is then opened to admit the forced injection Water to the condenser 4 through the pipe 11. The main injection valve 7 is then partially opened, say one-third, so that the injection Water passes to the condenser 4 in two Ways; first the forced injection through the pipe.11, and Second, the natural injection by atmospheric pressure through the injection pipe 8 and U-pipe 6. This natural injection of` Water through pipe 8 is brought about by the establishment in the condenser 4 of a vacuum on account of the admission of the forced injection Water.

Under these conditions the Water and air are removed from the condenser through the discharge pipe 9 by the main pump 19 and discharge pipe 18 to the hot Well. Valve 151 is now' opened andv valve 10 is closed, thus diverting the forced injection Water .from the condenser to the air ejector 16.

The main injection valve 7 is now opened to the extent required for normal operation, and' lastly the valve 12 in the air ejection pipe 5 is opened.

Ine case the vacuum should be lost by reason of the loss of the iioW into the condenser of the main injection Water by atmospheric pressure because of low Water in the cold Well 24, the Water in said Well will at the same time drop below the inlets of the main injection pipe 8 `and the suction pipe 23 of the pump 20. This Will put the pump 20 out of commission so that no Water Will be pumped thereby to the air ejector 16. In case the vacuum is lost because the pumps stop by reason offailure of the motor which drives them, theny Water Will cease to .'dow

to the air ejector 16 and the vacuum Willbe lost by air entering through the airl duced due to overload and consequently the main injection Water supply level should drop to a point Where the iniiow is almost or entirely cut oifby reason ,of the Water not rising high enough in the .main injection pipe 8 to flow into the condenser, the

valve 12 in the air ejection pipe 5 should be closed and the valve 10 in the forced injection pipe 11 opened followed quickly by the closing of the valve 151 supplying vvater to the ejector 16.- If thesegchanges are accomplished reasonably quick enough the vacuum may be recovered Without being entirely lost. It Will be seen that this forced injection Water pipe 1l provides a means for positively getting water into the condenser 4 irrespective of the vacuum pressure. The turbine may be carrying full load and it is unnecessary to shut oif the steam entering the condenser. 1t may be necessary in male.

ing these changes to recover the vacuum that the main injection Valve 7 be partially closed to prevent the forced injection Water from passing back into the main injection Water pipe 8 denser 4.

In some cases Where the Water supply is limited it might be advantageous to discharge the Water used for operating the air ejector 16 back into the cold Well 24 through its communication With Well 22. In order to do this Without passing the entrained air .baclr to the cold Well 24, a device is attached to the discharge pipe of the air ejector 16 which separates out the air entrained in the Water before or at the time` the Water passes into the well 22. This device is shown in section in F ig. 5. j

The device for separating the air from the Water operates by diverting the Water discharged from the air ejector along the spreader 38m a direction along and substantially at the surface of the Water in the Well 22. The upper surface of the spreader 38 is substantially at the Water level of the Well. Bythis means the entrained air is liberated from the Water and passes to the atmosphere and the Water mingles With that in the Well. The saving of Water eifected is instead of passing to the con-l that all the water used to operate the air ejector 16 is passed back into the well 24 through its communication with the well 22,

as already stated.

It should be understood that it is not desired to be limited to the exact details of construction shown and described, for obvious modifications will occur to a person skilled in the art.

It is claimed and desired to secure by Letters Patent,-

l. In combination, a condenser, a wateractuated air ejector connected thereto, a pipe for supplying actuating water to said ejector, a second pipe for injection of water to said condenser, and a pump common to said air ejector and injection pipes.

2. In combination, a condenser, a main Water injection pipe, a main water ejection pipe, a pump in said latter pipe, an air ejection pipe, a water-actuated air ejector in said pipe, a secondary injection pipe, and a second pump connected to said secondary pipe and to said ejector.

3. The combination with a condenser, of a Water injection pipe and an air ejection pipe connected thereto, valves in said pipes, an air ejector to which said ejection pipe leads, a pump, pipe connections from said pump to said ejector and to said injection pipe on the condenser side of its valve, and valves in said connections.l

4. In combination, a condenser, a wateractuated air ejector connected thereto,amain pipe for injection of water to said condenser, a second pipe for injection of water to said condenser, means permitting alternative use of either pipe, and a pump connected to one of said pipes and to said ejector.

5. In combination, a condenser, hydraulic means for withdrawing'air therefrom, an air and water discharge pipe for said means, a well for the discharge from said pipe, said well, being open to` atmosphere, and a spreader for said discharge having its upper surface substantially at the surface of the water in said well.

6. In combination, a condenser, hydraulic means for withdrawing an' therefrom, a

well, a pipe conveying mixture 0f Water and air from said hydraulic means to said well, and a spreader spaced below the end of said pipe and located in the path of the water and air from said pipe, the lower end of said pipe being open to atmosphere,

7. In combination, a condenser, hydraulic means for withdrawing air therefrom, a well, means for conveying a mixturev of water and air to said well from said hy:

draulic means, and a spreader having its j,

upper surface substantially .at th@ SUrfaC@ of the water in said well onto which said mixture is discharged, the lower end of said mixture conveyingV means being open to atmosphere.

8. In combination, a condenser, hydraulic means for withdrawing air therefrom, a well, means for conieyng a mixture of water and air to said well from said hydraulic means, and means for delivering said mixture along the surface of water in said well.

9. In combination, a, condenser, a well, a pipe for injecting water from said well to said condenser, an air ejector communicating with said condenser and discharging into said well, and a pump taking water from said well and discharging itnto said air ejector,

10. In combination, a condenser, a well, a pipe for injecting water from said well to said condenser, an air ejector communicating with said condenser and discharging into said well, a pump taking water from said well and discharging it into said air ejector, and a spreads-rin said well to receive the discharge from said ail' ejector.

, In testimony whereof, the signature of the inventor is atixed hereto in the presence of two witnesses.

ROYAL D. TUMLINSON.

Witnesses:

G. F. DE WEIN, CnAs. L. BYRON4

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