US1076446A - Steam-regulator for turbines. - Google Patents

Description

W. PAPE.

STEAM REGULATOR FOR TURBINES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 4, 1912.

1,076,446 Patented Oct. 21, 1913'.

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' Specification or Letters Patent.

Patented on. 2t, isis,

application filed may l, i912. Serial Nd'dddlfil.

To all whom it may concern: 7

lie it known that l, Wninnnm Pare, a sub- Charlo-ttenburg, Germany, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Steam-Regulators for Turbines, of which the following is a specification. v

This invention relates to elastic fluid turbines, and its object is to provide a regulator for the steam supplied to such 'a turbine, so that the quantity of steam will vary with the load, and the pressure of the steam supplied to the inlets of the high pressure nozzles will be maintained at a constant value, even atsmall load; whereby the entire drop in pressure may always be utilized for the purpose of imparting energy, "and also. so that danger of racing due to possible leakage through thenozzle valves will be obviated. v

To this end the invention consists in a plurality of ports each controlled by its own valve, a common operating rod adapted to open said valves in succession, and a valve in advance of the nozzle valves which is operated by the same rod and arranged to open to permit substantially full flow before the regulating valves begin to open and to close The operating rod .or spindle is under the control of a motor device which is responsive to variations in load or speed or both as may be desired.

in the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical axial section of my improved one end a neck 2 through which the high pressure steam is supplied. The entering steam is controlled by a valve 3 preferably of the balanced type, as shown. Said valve is mounted on a spindle or rod 4 which passes lengthwise through the casing and is connected. to a piston 5 in a cylinder 6, said piston being adapted to be moved by hydraulic ressure governed by any suitable load orspeed responsive device (not shown).

The casing is provided with a plurality of'ports 7 through which the steam can reach the high pressure nozzles of the turbine. Eachport is controlled by a valve 8*, 8", 8 or 8, all strung loosely on the spindle 4-, Underneath each valve is a col iar h on thespindle,.and these collars are so spaced that they willpick up their valves in succession when the spindle is litted by. the piston 5, and close them in the reverse order. lln Fig. l, the valves are or successively increasing diameter in the order in which they will open, which is preferably from the bottom upward, v Each valve has a recess 10 in its under side to receive the collar 9 which thereby centers the valve as tions that'the flow cross section when opening increases many times faster than that afiiorded by the regulating valves, so that the a suificientclearance between the regulatingvalve assumesonly in its lowest position the function Of throttling the steam and contingently also alimited throttling of the steam for the first group of nozzles. At higher load andwhen in a higher position this valve 3 effects no more throttling. By this combination of such a valve for the entire-quantity of steam, with a number of individual regulating valves,'-the result is attained that even with very imperfect tightness of the regulating valves, racing of the turbine is prevented, without involving any throttling loss at higher load.

An important requirement in the mechanism for automatically regulating the amount of steam supplied to the nozzles is valves and the portions of the casing in which they work and also between said valves and the spindle. At the high pressures and temperatures and the great variations of temperature occurring in operation, the existing strains of the material may be come freely equalized, and thus not only the regulator casing but also the spindle may be moved a certain amount without thereby impairing the certainty of operation of the device. The clearance between thespindle and the regulating valves insures their closing as completely as possible, so that the leakage of steam maybe as slight as possible and have no disadvantageous influence upon the el'liciency of thejturbine. The regulating operation is so planned that the first valve 8 begins to open as soon as the valve 3 has opened to a point where practically no further throttling occurs. The regulating valves open in succession as the spindle is lifted, each rising to a completely open position before the next one assumes the function of regulating.

In the modification shown in Fig. 2 the regulating valves are all of'the same dianr cter, and springs 12 are used to seat them instead of relyingupon unbalanced steam pressure, as in Fig. 1. In other respects this term of the device is substantially the same as that shown in Fig. 1 and the operation is similar.

lly my invention the supply of steam to i the first running Wheel of the turbine automutically adapts itself to'the-load, so that the steam pressure at the inlets of the high pressure nozzles remains at the sameheight even with small loads, and the entire fall of pressure can be utilized for delivering energy. The device operates simply and steadily, all loss by, throttling is avoided, and av considerable reduction in the steam consumption at small load is obtained as compared with pure throttling systems while danger of racing at light load is obviated.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, 1 have described the principle of operation of my invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative, and that the invention can be carried out by other means.

WVhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is:

1. A steam regulating device for elastic fluid turbines, comprising a casing, a valve m-ountedin and. controlling the admission of steam to said casing, a plurality of regulating valves controlling the flovvi of steam from said casing to the turbine, and means including a common stem on. which the valves are nounted for operating said valves in successlon.

2. it steam regulating device for elastic fluid turbines, comprising a casing,' a valve controllingtheadmission of steam to said casing, a plurality of regulating valves controlling the flow of steam from said casing to the turbine, means including a common stem on which the valves are mounted for operating said regulating valves in succession, and means for opening said admission valve before said regulating valves are opened.

3. The combination with a casing, of means for admitting steam thereto, a plu rality of regulating valves controlling the flow of steam out of the casing, upper and lower seats for each valve carried by the casing, a cylinder adjacent. the upper seat in which the portion of valve that cooperates With said seat moves so that the How area to the upper seat remains substantially constant while the flow area between the lower portion of the valve and its seat varies as the valve is moved, a spindle passing through all of the valves, devices on the spindle for operating the valves in succession, and means for operating the spindle.

4. The combinationvvi,th a casing, of a valve for admitting steam thereto, a plurality of regulating valves controlling the flow ot steam out of said casing, a spindle passing through all of said regulating valves and connected to the admission valve, collars on said spindle for opening said regulating ing said spindle.

5. The combination with a casing, of a valve for admitting steam thereto, a plu-- rality of regulating valves controlling the fldw of steam out of said casing, means including acommon' stem on which the valves are mounted for opening said valves in succession said stem being connected to the admission valve, and means for producing an unbalanced pressure on said regulating valves to cause them to close automatically.

6. The combination With a casing, of means for admitting steam thereto, a pinrality of regulatingvalves controlling the flow of steam out of said casing, said valves having portions of di'lterent diameters, cylinders in which the portions of larger diameter work, and a spindle passing through all of said valves and provided with collars for engaging and lifting them in succession.

7. The combination with a casing", of means for admitting steam thereto, a plurality of regulating valves controlling the flow of steam out of said casing, there being a conical recess in each valve, a spindle passing loosely through all of said valves, and collars on said spindle arranged to act upon said valves in succession fhr lifting them, the collars having conical portions that engagesaid recesses to center the valves as they are lit-ted.

" In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set hand, this :tourth day of April, 1912.

. WILHluLM PAPE.

' W'itnesses: I

HENRY HAsrnR, -VVOLDETWAR Fanr'r.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five centis e'ach, by addressing" the Goiiuinissioner of Patents,

Washington, 'D. 6.

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