US1075229A - Winged-pier quay-wall. - Google Patents

Description

H. G. SMITH.

WINGED PIER QUAY WALL.

APPLIOATION FILED SEPT. 9, 1912.

1,0?5,229, Patented 0017,1913.

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COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH co.v WASHINGTON, D. c.

H; 0. SMITH.

WINGBD PIER QUAY WALL.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 9, 1912.

1,075,229, Patented Oct. 7, 1913.

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HARRY 0. SMITH, OF MANILA, FHILIPPINE ISLANDS.

VTINGED-PIER QUAY-WALL.

Application filed. September 9, 1912.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HARRY C. SMITH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Manila, Philippine Islands, have invented a new and useful Winged-Pier Quay-Wall, of which the following is a specification.

My invention consists of a new type of quay wall built by the general method hereinafter described in these specifications and accompanying drawings.

This quay wall is formed by a row of piers, to each pier being attached wings or appendages connecting with similar wings or appendages of the adjacent piers, the piers being spaced at such distances that the wings will connect and form a continuous wall.

The piers are hollow, water-tight vessels; they are to be floated into position, and to have sutlieient buoyancy to carry their own weight and that of the attached wings. The structure will be built of concrete plain, or reinforced with steel or iron or it may be built of other suitable material. The wings are to be attached at one end or side to the pier, and are to connect at the free end or side with the free end or side of the wing of the adjacent pier. The whole wall may or may not be covered by a deck or floor supported by the piers.

The wall is made continuous by means of the connecting wings between the piers, so as to retain filling material such as earth, stone, etc., behind the wall. The piers furnish the principal resistance to the pressure from the filling behind the wall and serve as supports to any decking floor or other superstructure desired.

The wall is designed for use as a quay wall, that is, as a wall limiting and forming the shore line of a sea, river or other body of water, or for any case where a wall is built to stand in water and retain material behind it. There must be suificient water on its site before construction to float the piers with their attachments. The utility of the wall lies largely in its retaining the shore backing and in furnishing a permanent depth of water immediately in front of the wall.

The advantages of the wall are as follows: The principal parts of the structure except- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dot. '7, 1913.

Serial No. 719,412.

ing the foundations are built above water and then floated into place, obviating the difliculties and uncertainties of under-water construction; the wings of the piers give added length to the wall without greatly increasing the weight and amount of material.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents the plan or top view of a unit sect-ion of the wall, that is, one pier and its wings or appendages. Fig. 2 shows a horizontal'cross section of a unit wall section, this cross section cutting the pier, arched wings and the wing braces or brackets. Fig. 3 represents a back elevation of the unit section, showing the arrangements of the brackets for reinforcing the wings. Fig. 1 represents a vertical cross section of the wall unit, cutting the sides of the hollow pier, and showing the side, center and bot tom details, having an annular enlargement e at the bottom, having the attached wings Z2 6 (Figs. 1, 2, 3, 1, 5 and 6), having the attached brackets c (Figs. 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7) and having the central pipe f (Fig. 4.) leading from the center g (Fig. 4) to the top of the pier. Fig. 5 represents in plan a stretch of wall containing a number of units connected together and Fig. 6 shows in front elevation the same as shown in plan by Fig. 5. Figs. 5 and 6 show the key 7a which connects the wings of adj acent piers. Fig. 7 shows a cross section cutting the pier at the junction of a wing so as to show the brackets, c in section. This figure also shows water in front of the wall and filling behind it.

The hollow pier a (Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6) with wings 6 (Figs. 1, 2, 3, a, 5, and 6) are built on shore in a drydock on a marine railway or on some other app iance for launching vessels. The pier must be made sufliciently watertight that it may be floated to position without an excessive amount of pumping. Its length will correspond to depth of water on foundation and height above water desired for the top. The width or diameter of the pier will be governed by the height of back fill or the back pressure for the pier must have sufficient weight to sustain thispressure.

The walls h (Fig. 4) of the pier a are circular in horizontal section, made so as to resist the water pressure and the ballast pressure without introducing beams. The section may however, be made in a difierent shape, provided the walls are made strong enough to withstand the pressure of, first the water without and later the ballast within. The pier wall is shown with an enlargement (Figs. 1, 2 and 5) on the front side. This enlargement j is for the purpose of affording additional strength to the pier walls in the front where they are liable to receive shocks from vessels or other floating objects, and to counterbalance the eccentric weight of the Wings 6 and the brackets 0 when the unit section is floating, so that it will float in an upright position. The bottom cl is made conical so that stiffening beams will not be necessary and so that a space g (Fig. t) may be leftbeneath the pier to facilitate the grouting and concreting of the base. The annular enlargement e is for the purpose of strengthening the bottom of the pier cylinder and for furnishing greater base for the pier. The pipe f (Figs. 1, 2 and 4t) connects with space g and its purpose is to convey grout and concrete to the foundation. I

The wings Z) are joined to the walls h of the pier a. They are in the form of quarter circles, and when joined to the wings of the adjacent piers they together form semi-circles thus forming a complete arch between the piers. This arch sustains the pressure of the backing, carrying the pressure to the piers which sustain the arches at the ends.

The brackets 0 (Figs. 1, 2 and 3) connect the wings with the back of the pier wall and serve to reinforce and stiffen both wings and walls against ununiform loading or pressure unequally distributed. They are intended to act as cantaliver beams in case when, for any reason, the wings fail, and they make for additional safety. Another purpose of the brackets is that with the weight of the back filling on them being he hind the center of gravity of the wall, they will increase the resistance of the wall to overturning.

On F ig. 5 7c represents the key block connecting and oining the half arches formed by the wings of the pier. This key is molded in place after the piers are set.

On Figs. 2 and 4: 9 represents steel or iron reinforcing rods which are necessary in the walls h, the bottom (Z the annular ring c and the brackets c all of which parts may be subject to tension stresses. Reinforcing rods may or may not be used in the walls of the wings b.

In constructing this wall the complete units comprising the piers with appendages before mentioned are first built above water;

they are then launched and floated into posi tion. The foundation having been previo-usly prepared, brought to proper grade and leveled, the units ar sunk until they rest on the foundation by partly filling them with water or other ballast. Good bearing on the foundation is then secured by introducing cement, grout or concrete through pipe f (Fig. 4) into space g (Fig. 4). The hollow pier a is then filled with sand, gravel, concrete or any other ballast desired. The key 7a is then placed by placing concrete in forms which inclose the joints between the wings of adjacent piers. The

'wall is then ready for the backfilling, also floor, decking or superstructure may then be placed.

I am aware that prior to my invention quay walls have been constructed by build ing hollow sections above water and then floating them into place. I therefore do not claim such an invention broadly.

1. I claim a hollow pier with closed bottom and capable of being floated in water, and having two attached wings, the whole forming one of two or more units which when placed in line with extremities of wings joined form a continuous retaining wall or quay wall.

2. I claim the hollow cylindrical pier with a closed bottom and capable of being floated in water, and having two attached wings in the form of half arches the whole forming one of two or more units which when placed in line with extremities of wings joined form a continuous retaining wall or quay wall, all substantially as set forth.

3. I claim the hollow pier with closed bottom and capable of being floated in water, and having two attached wings and two or more brackets or webs joined to the wings and pier, the whole forming one of two or more units which, when placed in line with extremities of wings joined, form a continuous retaining wall or quay wall, all substantially as set forth.

4. I claim the hollow cylindrical pier having an inverted hollow cone closing the bottom and two wings attached to the cylinder, the whole capable of being floated in water and forming a unit two or more of which, when placed in line with extremities of wings joined, form a continuous retaining wall or quay wall, all substantially as set forth.

5. I claim the hollow cylinder with closed bottom and capable of being floated in water, and having a circular ring forming an annular enlargement at the bottom of the cylinder, and two attached wings, the whole forming a unit two or more of which, when placed in line with extremities of wings joined, form a continuous retaining wall or quay wall, all substantially as set forth.

6. I claim the hollow pier with closed botcause the hollow pier to float in an upright torn and capable of being floated in water position, all substantially as set forth. and havin two attached win s the walls of the hollow pier being enlarged on the side HARRY SMITH 5 opposite the attached wings so that the In the presence of weight of the enlargement will tend to coun- G. W. QUIMBY, ter-balance the weight of the wings and F. GoNzALEs.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents- Washington, D. G.

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