US1056360A - Inductor-generator for ignition purposes. - Google Patents

Description

T. E. PODLBSAK & H. J. PODLESKK,

INDUGTOR GENERATOR FOR IGNITION PURPOSES.

I APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 25, 1901. ,3 0, Patented Mar. 18, 1913.

3 SHEETSSHEET l.

FIG-l MATH/Q3555 v INVENTORS 7 MWU I. B. PODLESAK & H. J. PODLE liK.

INDUGTOR GENERATOR FOR IGNITION PURPOSES.

APPLIGATION FILED SEPT. 25, 1901.

Patented Mar. 18, 1918.

m E E m "r T m w m 8 5 3 9 8 G O a g a s 5 n 1 m l 19 0 0 W 4 flfi H M W UIMM A B w 5 I F FIJIIHIHII F 2 w IN E T0585 \7 WITNESSES Kg jm T. E. PODLESAK & H. J. PODLEAK. INDUOTOR GENERATOR FOR IGNITION PURPOSES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 25, 1901.

1,056,360, Patented Mar. 18, 1913.

I 3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

FIGI5."

wn'mgsss I INVENTORS 0 2 JOZ/ m 5 I V, J g, 1 MM W6 To all whom may concern;

Be it known that we, 'lnsm. slim, SAK and Josnri-i Poussin, c

of the United States, and vresidents, r i; s tivelv, of Brooklyn, county of .himgs, one.

and concise specification, reference being had to the several drawings, which are apart thereof.

This invention relates to inductor alternators for ignition purposes,

It essentially pertains to indiu nators capable of: producing c fects suitable for the ignition or comcharges in internal combustion motors.

One object oi our invention is to so range and correlate the permanent field mugnets to the other elements of an inductor alternotor, that in operation the pern'mncnt magnets will be kept magnetized and built up. Another object of our invention is to provide an inductor alternator which is reedily adaptable to all classes of internal combustion motors, such as automobile, marine, and stationary motors, and to the special requirements of each class. and is readily adjustable for varying the period of generot-ion of maximum electro-motii'e force relative to the position of a. piston within en engine cylinder; I

Figure 1 is a side elevation a motor fitted with on inductor alternator embodying our invention, the fiy wheel of the motor being shown portly broken awe ind partly in section. Fig. 2 is a plan yiew oi the inductor alternator as'mounted on the crankshaft bearing of the motor shown in Fig. 1, the flange wheel being shown in section and the crankshaft bearing partly in section. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the normally stationery part of the inductor alternator, detached, the induction windings being removed. Fig. 4 is an end view 01 parts shown in Fig. 3, the induction wind ing's being shown in place. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of one ofthe sheet metal punchings or sections of which the pole pieces of the inductor alternat r shown in Figs. 1,2, 3, and 4 are compose Fig. 6 is a perspec- Patent-ed Pier. 18, m1 No. roses.

in 0 view of an inductor, detached, suit-able for the above form of inductor alternator.

T is a side elevation of sheet metal mulching 'or section for pole pieces of e modified form. Fig. 8 is a gplnn View of a. modified form of inductor alternator embodying our ll'lVQIlilOll. Fig. dis a sideeleruiiou o his. 8, the induction windings being removed and the inductor shown in place.

In the drewings-ii represents an intercombustion motor of any well .known .iction. B indicates the crank shaft ngs at. either side of said motor, the shot-t itself being represented by 18. the iiy wheel. of the motor having an tending flange F.

l mdicates erme-nent magnet preferably horseshoe or ti-shaped in form. It is composed of as many magnet sections, orrunged in 9. series, as may be required to establish the desired density of magnetic field.

e a "frame, preterably'of non-magnetic material, and employed to nositionanu support in proper relation to each other the normally stationery parts of our inductor alternator. In the drawings, this supporting and positioning frame is mounted upon it crank shaft bearing B at one side of the motor, and is capable of adjustment about. the axis of the said crankshaft.

9 are clamp pieces or elects srrangcd to beer against. the outermost magnet section in the series, and 7 are bolts or screws ex" tendin throu h said cleats and into the the frame 4 by means of bolts or screws 11,

so as to hold the laminated-pole pieces 21- in close magnetic contact with the ends or poles of the permanent magnet sections.

Each one of the pole pieces has a pair of polar projections 12, 12, the former of which serves as a coil core upon which awinding or coil 20 of insulated wire :is

slipped, and to which the said coil is suitably secured. The coil core 12 on each pole piece is spaced by a suitable air gap from the adjacent polar projection 12 on sa1d pole piece. The outer faces or polar faces of the said polar projections 12, 12, are

suitably shaped to conform to the path of travel of a suitable inductor, hereinafter de scribed. The polar faces on the polarpro jections 12 are designated by 2, and hereinafter referred to as exciting polar faces, and the polar faces. on the polar projections 12 are designated by 3., and hereinafter referred to generating polar faces.

19 is an inductor, preferably formed of punchings or laminte of suitable metal.

' This inductor is adapted to be rotated so as to have one of its faces pass over and closely adjacent to the exciting polar faces 2 and the generating polar faces 3, by mere mecha'nicalclearance, or, in other words, as close to said polar faces as mechanical conditions will permit. o have shown the said inductor 19 as secured to and carried by the flange F of the fly wheel F of the motor. The polar faces 2, 3, and the face of the inductor which passes adjacent to them are shaped to the are of a circle struck from the axis of the cranll shaft as a center.

Normally the lines of magnetic force emanate in a scattered way, from all sides of the magnet for about one-half of its length from its'free ends, and some of these lines of force emanate from the pole pieces.-

faces, so as to establish a substantial mag netic short circuit across the generating polar faces. The inductor then leaves the generating polar faces and the magnetic flux density throughihe induction windings is rapidly diminished, due to the fact that the lines of-magnctic-"force'"instantly seek the path of least reluctance between the magnet poles.

With an inductor alternator constructed in accordance with our invention, the inductor does not at any time move sullicientl y closely to the limbs of the magnets themselves to draw or concentrate a dense magnetic flux across the limbs of the magnets above the poles thereof, but on the contrary, we have so constructed and arranged the elements of an inductor alternator for i nition purposes, that the inductor in its operation tends only to draw or concentrate the magnetic flux emanating from the mag- .nct poles at the free ends of said magnet,

thereby tending to prevent the shifting of the said poles and to overcome the tendency of the said poles to shift, with consequent loss of magneto-motive force by the magnets. The electro-motive force is generated in the inductive windings 20, as in all dynai'no-electric generators, by varyin the magnetic flux density in the said winc ing's. The inductor 19 operates to cause a very rapid varying of the magnetic flux density by first establishing a substantial magnetic short circuit, 1'. 0., by concentrating the magnetic flux at a point adjacent to but outside of the induction windings, so that the magnetic flux density in the cores of said windings is practically zero, then quickly diverting the magnetic flux through the coil cores, andthen, practically in-- stantly, permitting the magnetic flux density in said coil cores to again drop to substantially zero. 1

lVith multi-cylinder motors, two or mor inductors are used, there being one inductor for each cylinder, as will readily be understood, unless the periods of ignition of two or more of said cylinders occur at the same period of the stroke at alternate revolutions. In any case, an inductor must be provided and so arranged that it will pass over and span the generating polar faces when the ignition of a combustible charge is required. Also, when the motor is arranged for two or more ignitions, usually termed late, early etc, it may prove desirable to use one inductor for each of such ignitions, and to mount and hold stationary the permanent magnet and induction windlngs.

In Figs. 1 and 2, the frame 4 of the -inductor alternator is shown pivoted or journaled on the bearing B of the crank shaft at one side of the motor, as hereinbefore mentioned, in order that it may be oscillated lhrougha part of a revolution to vary the instant of generation of maximum electromolive force, so as to accommodate the generator for operation with mechanism for varying the period of ignition within the engine cylinder.

13 is a link connected at its lower end with the generator frame, and having its upper end suitably connected to one end of a lever 14-, which is pivoted at 15 to the frame of the nmtor. The mechanism for advancing or retarding the time of ignition within the engine cylinder may be of any suitable and well known type. I or the purpose of illustrating our invention. we have shown in the drawings, more or less diagramlnatically. such a mechanism.

K is a cam connected to mov e with a bell crank lever V, said lever being pivoted at 1,ose,sso

Y to the cylinder of the motor, and adapted to be oscillated and retained in any desired position of adjustment by the engagement of its downwardly extending arm with one of the teeth of a rack section Z.

16 is a link connected at its lower end to the upper end of the lever la, and having its upper end connected to the outer end of the arm of the bell crank lever V.

The make and break mechanism within the cylinder may be of any well known and suitable construction. We have diagrammatically illustrated it as consisting of an insulated stationary electrode S and a movable electrode M, the latter having on the outside of the cylinder a laterally project- --ing arm H4 Springs or their equivalents for controlling the operation of the elec trode M in the well known manner, are, for the sake of clearness, not shown. The movable electrode M is actuated by a reciprocable trip red T which has one end mounted on an eccentric X carried by a shaft L, driven from some suitable member of the motor. The driving connection for the shaft L, for the sake of clearness, has not been shown. The free end of the trip rod T rests upon the cam K, and is guided by it. By adjusting the said calm, the trip rod T is caused to bring about the separation of the electrodes within the cylinder relatively sooner or later in the stroke of the piston. Theconnections between the said bell crank lever V and the frame 4 are-so proportioned and correlated that, as the period of ignition in the cylinder is changed by the op eration of the bell crank lever to either advance or retard the spark. the electric gencrater is also shifted or adjusted into a position to generate the requisite electro-motive force at the moment of the electrodes of the make and break apparatus in the cylinder separate to produce the desired spark.

W is a weight secured between the arms 17 extending from the frame 4, the said weight being suitable to counterbalance the weight carried at the opposite end of the said frame 4. 22 is a spring having its lower end attached to a bracket 27 carried by the motor frame, and its upper end secured to an adjusting screw 26 which extends through a cross bar 28 carried bythe arm 17. This spring serves to supplement the weight- W and affords'an additional means for facilitating the adjustment of the electric generator.

The induction windings 20 on the coil cores 12 are composed of convolutions of insulated wire wound continuously in each v.coil. The coils are wound on forms, and preferably impregnated with some insulating varnish'or compound that is impervious to oil and water. They are suitably covered for protection and arranged to slip over the coil cores to which they are secured.

The winding on the coil core of each pole piece may be in one or more separate coils, all of which are suitably and properly connected together, either in para lel or in series, as may be desired. The terminals of the induction windings are suitably connected to the electrodes of the igniter. As shown in Fig. i, the stationary insulated electrode S is connected to one of the terminals off the induction windings by a con ductor 30, the other terminal of the wind lugs being suitably grounded and thus connected to the movable electrode ill, which is grounded as is usual.

In Figs. 8 and 9 is shown another form of the inductor alternator in which the polar faces of the pole pieces are curved oppositely, with respect to the magnet sections to the way the polar faces are curved in the form shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and i. In the form shown in Figs. 8 and 9 the wheel or support for carryiirqthe inductor may, by making the curvature of the polar faces of a short radius, be made of short radius, which is desirable in some cases.

We do not limit ourselves to the precise construction shown and described, as our invention may be embodied in other forms of construction.

What we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In an inductor generator, the combination of a permanent magnet no'vided witha pair of laminated pole pieces. one in magnetic contact with each pole of the magnet and extending laterally therefrom. two polar projections on each pole piece each terminating in a polar face, said polar faces constituting a substantially cylindrical polar surface. windings carried by the adjacent. polar projections on said pole pieees,.and an unwound inductor rotatable about an axis substantially parallel to the polar surface and in proximity to the polar faces to vary the magnetic flux therethrough, said induc tor substantially short-circuiting the magnetic flux through the unwound polar projections when it is in one position and through the wound polar projections when it is in another position.

- '2. In an inductor generator, the combina tion of arotatable shaft. an unwound inductor carried by the shaft and having a polar face curved in the arc of a circle struck from the axis of the shaft as a center. a permanent magnet provided with a laterally extending pole piece at each of its poles, a pair of polar projections on each pole piece and each terminating in a polar face, said polar faces constituting polar surface curved to correspond with the polar face'of the inductor. an inductive winding on one polar projection of each pole piece, said inductor substantially shor-Lcircuiting the magnetic flux through the unwound polar projections when it is moved into one position and through the wound polar projections when it is moved into another position.

3. In an inductor generator, the combination of a permanent magnet, a pair of pole pieces arranged in n'iagnetic contact'with the poles of said magnet and extending laterally therefrom, each pole piece having a pair of polar projections provided with polar faces, a winding carried by one of the polar projections, and an unwound inductor having a polar surface movable in the proximity to said polar faces and serving to establish a substantially.short circuit of the magnetic flux through one set of polar projections and outside of the winding when said inductor is in one position and through the othcrset of polar projections and through the ,windings'when said inductor is in another position.

4. In. an inductor generator, the combination of a permanent magnet, a pair of laminated pole pieces held in magnetic contact with the poles of said magnet and extending laterally therefrom. each pole piece having a pair of polar projectibns terminating in polar faces, an inductive winding on one polar projection of each pole piece, the other polar projection of each pole piece being unwound, and an unwound inductor movable'in proximity to said polar faces to concentrate the magneto flux alternately through the unwound polar projections and through the wound polar projections.

5. In an inductor generator, the combina tion of a permanent magnet, two laminated pole pieces held in magnetic contact one with and extending laterally from each pole of the magnet and having each two polar projections terminating in polar faces constituting a cylindrical polar surface, inductive windings on the adjacent polar. projections of said pole'picces, the other polar projection on each pole piece being unwound. and an unwound inductor movable about an axis substantially parallel to the polar surface and in proximity to the polar faces to con-- centrate the magnetic flux alternately through the wound polar projections and through the unwound polar project-ions.

G. If an inductor generator, the combination of a pern'lanent. magnet, a pple piece in magnetic contact with each pole of said magnet and extending laterally therefrom each pole piece bein provided with two polar projections terminating in polar faces, a winding in inductive relation to one polar projection on each pole piece, a common means formed of non-magnetic material for supporting both pole pieces, means for holding the pole pieces in magnetic contact with the magnet, and means formed of magnetic material movable in proximity to the polar faces to establish a substantial short. circuit of the magnetic flux alternately through the unwound polar projections and wound polar projections.

7, In an inductor generator, the combination of a permanent magnet having a pole piece in magnetic contact with and extending laterally from each pole, said pole pieces being provided each with two polar projections terniinating in polar faces constituting a cylindrical polar surface, a winding on one of said polar projections, and an inductor movable in proximity to said polar faces to vary the magnetic flux through the wound polar projection.

8. In an inductor generator, the combination of a field magnet having pole pieces extended laterally therefrom and terminating in polar faces constituting a cylindrical polar surface, means for supporting the pole pieces and holding them in magnetic contact with said magnet, windings on said pole pieces, and. an inductor movable in proximity to said polar faces to vary the magnetic flux through said winding.

9. In an inductor generator, the 'eombina tion of a field magnet having pole pieces extended laterally therefrom and terminating in pole faces forming a cylindrical polar snrface, means for holding said pole pieces in magnetic contact with the poles of said magnet, a winding on oneof said pole pieces, an annular member carried on a shaft substantially parallel to said surface, and an inductor mounted axially upon said annular member to move in proximity to said pole faces for varying the magnetic flux through said winding.

10. In an inductor generator, the combination of a permanent magnet provided with pole pieces in magnetic contact therewith andextendcd laterally therefrom and terminating in polar faces, an inductive winding on one of said pole pieces, an inductor, and means to carry the inductor in proximity to the polar faces to vary the magnetic flux therethrough.

11. In an inductor generator, the combination of a field magnet having pole pieces in magnetic contact therewith and extended laterally therefrom and terminating in polar faces, means for holding said pole pieces in magnetic contact with the poles of said magnet, an inductive winding on. one of said pole pieces, an annular rotatable member surrounding said field magnet, and an inductor mounted on the inside of said annular member with its length parallel to the axis of the latter and arranged to move in through the proximity to said polar faces to varv the magnetic flux through said winding.

12. In an inductor generator, the combi nation of a pm-manent mag-net, a polar extension in magnetic contact with one of the poles of the magnet and extendinglaterally from the magnet and terminating in a polar face, a polar extension in magnetic contact with the other pole of and extending laterally from the magnet and provided with two polar projections terminating in polar faces,

awinding on'one of said polar projections,

and an unwound inductor movable in proximity to the said polar faces to vary the magnetic flux first throughone of said polar projections and then through. the other said polar projection.

13. In an inductor generator, the combination of a permanent magnet, a pole piece in magnetic contact with one pole of said magnet and extending laterally from the magnet and provided with a polar face, a pole piece in magnetic contact with the other pole of and extending laterally from said magnet and including a laminated core, having a polar face, a Winding on said core, and an inductor movable in proximit to said polar faces to vary the magnetic ux therethrough. r

14. In an inductor generator, the combination of a laminated permanent magnet, two laminated pole pieces extending laterally from the magnet, one in magnetic contact with the pole of the magnet and each provided with two polar projections terminatingin polar faces constituting a cylindrical polarsurface, means of non-magnetic material for supporting the pole pieces and holding them in magneticcontact with the poles of the magnet, an inductive winding on one polar projection of each pole piece, a rotatable shaftwhose axis is substantially parallel to said polar surface, and an inductor car'ried by said shaft and movable in proximity to said polar faces to vary the magnetic flux therethrough, said inductor establishing a substantially magnetic short circuit alternately through the unwound polar projections and through the wound polar projections.

15. In an inductor alternator, the combination of a support, a permanent magnet, pole pieces, a spacing element between the pole pieces, fastenings extending through the pole pieces and element to secure them together, and means for fastening the said element to the support with the pole pieces in contact with the magnet.

16. In an inductor alternator, the combination of a spacing element of non-magnetic material, pole piece laminae on opposite sides thereof, bolts passing through the laminae and spacing element for securing the said parts rigidly together as a unitarg structure, with a magnet in contact wit the pole pieces, and a common support to which the magnet and said structure are independently fastened.

In testimony whereof we have signed our name'sto this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

TESLA E. PODLESAK. HENRY JOSEPH PODLESAK.

Witnesses to the signature of Tesla E. Podlesak:

JAMES OWEN,

H. C. HoLnRow. Witnesses to the signature of Henry Joseph Podlesakz EDWARD A. J onNsroN, WILLIAM WEBBER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington. D. C.

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