US1046304A - Means for evacuating vacuum apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

E. JOSSE & W. GENSEOKE. MEANS FOR EVACUATING VACUUM APPARATUS. TAPELVIOIA'FIIOE rump MAY-'27, 1912.

1 ,G&6,304. Patented Dec. 3, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET L.

1 Fig. 1.

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W/Yn ass as E. JOSSE & W. GENSEGKE. MEANS FOR EVAGUATING VACUUM APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 27. 1912.

1,046,304, Patented Dec. 3, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

of Germany, and residing at Charlotten-- EMIL JOSSE AND WILHELM GENSECKE, F CHARLOTTENBURG, GERMANY.

MEANS FOR EVACUATING' VACUUM APPARATUS.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, EMiL Jossn and WILHELM GENSECKE, citizens of the Empire burg, near Berlin, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Means for Evacuatmg Vacuum Apparatus,

of which the following is a specification.

The subject-matter of our invention is means fOPI'BIIlOViIlfg' the air from vacuumapparatus of all kinds, such as surface condensers, injection condensers and the like, by means of a jet of steam.

Our invention substantially consists in not only the suction of the .air and non-com densed vapors from the vacuum apparatus taking place owing to the action of a jet of steam, but the air and non-condensed vapors are raised to atmospheric pressure or to a still higherpressure solely by the action of a jet-of steam, whereas heretofore pistonpumps or water-jet air-pumps were 'employed for this purpose.

It is true that it has heretofore been pro posed to connect steam-jet apparatus in series with a piston-pump orother lifting apparatus. In contradistinction thereto, however, a characteristic feature of our invention is that the lifting takes place solely owing to the action of a jet of steam.

One advantage of this apparatusis that machines having movable parts are entirely obviated; as compared with water-jet airpumps proposed heretofore it has the ad,- vantage of better, simpler and more economical running. 1

Several illustrative embodiments of our invention are represented by way of example.

in the accompanying drawings, wherein Figurel'is a vertical elevation, partly in section, showing the invention'applied to a surface condenser, Fig. 2 is a like view showing a modified form of apparatus, and Fig. 3 is a like view of another form of apparatus.

Referrmg firstly to Fig. 1, a. designates the surface condenser. Air and non-condensed steam are sucked away through the pipe 6, while the water of condensation is sucked away and conveyed in known manner through the pipe 0 by means of any suitable pump. The air and non-condensed steam are conducted into a'steam ejector apparatus d substantially'consisting of a steam nozzle 6 and a diffuser f which is so designed that the substances sucked out of the pipe I) Specification of Letters Patent.

. Application filed May 27, 1912. Serial-No. 700,072.

Patented nee. 3,1912.

are compressed to atmospheric or to a higher pressure. The substances passing out of the diffuser 7' may issue into the open air, but for the purpose of recovering the heat contained in the steam used for workingjhe ejector or steam-jet apparatus it is preferable to condense the steam.

- In the illustrative embodiment according to Fig. 1, therefore, we provide an exchange of heat apparatus 9 which may be formed as an injection or surface apparatus. The steam coming from the nozzle 0 is condensed in the apparatus 9, the water of condensation from the main condenser being used as the cooling agent and thus absorbing the heat of this steam. In this manner it is possible torecover' almost the entire heat of the steam requisite for sucking away and conveying the air and non-condensed steam, so that'no material consumption of energy is required-for this purpose.

Referring now to Fig. 2, instead of the lntermediate condenser g shown in Fig. 1 we connect an evaporator it behind the steamjet apparatus or ejector d. This evaporator h is a surface condenser. The air and noncondensed vapors issuing from the diffuser f of the steam-jet apparatus flow. around a system of pipesi. The steam is precipitated and delivers its heat to the liquid, e. g. water,

in the pipes. If the water in the pipes of the surfacecondenser z is at a less pressure than in the outer chamber in which the steam from the steam-jet ap aratus is condensed, it can evaporate. ThlS steam may be used elsewhere, if preferred, for example, for driving the low pressure stage of a steam turbine, or for like purposes.

If it 'is desired to increase the pressure of the sucked-away air and non-condensed steam, thus if a great difference of pressure has to be overcome, we prefer to use apparatus as shown in Fig. 3, in which two or more steam-jet apparatus or ejectors are connected in series, so that the compression takes place owing to compound action. The apparatus is designed so that the compression is brought about with as small a consump- 7 a pressure of about 80% in the chamber precipitated and absorbing its heat; In this The steam used for working the steam-jet apparatus is separated from the air in the chamber m by the steam being condensed. To this end, two cooling worms or coils n and 0 are provided in the illustrative em then compressed further to atmospheric pressure by a second ejector p. The steamv used for workin this ejector can be sepa- .rated from the am .To-this end, .wep'rovide.

two cooling worms or coils g and 7'. The air and steam must be separated in the chamber m; this is preferable in the chamber 8 'also, but not absolutely necessary. The advantages of this arrangement are, firstly, that the steam for the ejector 9 requires to have only a lowpressure and, secondly, that the steam for the-ejectorp requires to be of onl relatively low pressure,- because the entlre 'fallof pressure doesnot have to be overcome in the apparatus. 'According to tests which have been made, steam of atmospheric pressure sufiices for'the ejector d, and steam of a pressure of. 3' to :5 atmospheres for the ejector 'p. The steam for Working the ejector p can thus be taken in the form of steam of low pressure from a suitable part of the steam plant." In addition, the latent heat of the working steam for driving the ejectors can be recovered by' connecting the worms, n and q in series and conducting the water of condensation'from' the surface condenser a by ,means'of the pump 4) through said worms, the water of condensation thus serving as coolin agent for the steam of theejectors which is to be manner it is possible to heat the water of condensation preliminarily to approximately 100 C. Fourthly, owing to the arrangement of t back into the same at-w. Lastly, in order that no'special pump is required forremoving the water of condensation from the 'chambers m and s, we may provide floats m tand m' which allow the water of condensation to flow back through the valves y and y" additional worms 0 andr we- 'att'ain the a vantage that the steam for the "electors is precipitatedeven when the quan-J tlty of water of condensation delivered by" 'the pump '0 is too small to precipitate the entire quantity of steam of the ejectors. Water-is preferably allowed to flow through the pipes 0 and 7*, this water being taken" from the cold water pipeat u and flowing ejector action and discharge lthem against,

a pressure at least equal to one atmosphere,

and a heat exchange apparatus located insaid conduit on the discharge side of the jet for condensingthe vapor from saidchagnber j v and said jet apparatus. bodiment according to Fig. .3. The *air' is 2."The'- combination with a vapor condensing chamber provided with a conduit for the removal of air and vapor therefrom permanently open to they atmosphere, of

ejector action and discharge them against a pressure at least 'e ual to-one'atmosphere, andmeans for subjecting all the water of condensation fromsaid chamber to the'lieating-action of the air" and steam discharged from sai'd-jet-apparatus 8. The combination with a vaporrcondensing chamber provided with 'aconduit vforthe'removal "of air and vapor therefrom permanently open to the atmosphere,*of

steam jet apparatus located" within said'conduitand arranged to withdraw the; air and vapor from thecoridehsing chamberby an ejector action-and discharge them against a pressure atleas't equal to one atmosphere,

and means forsubjecting all the water of condensation from said chamber to the heating action of the air and steam discharged from said-jet apparatus, together with a system of piping-connected to the cooling water supply of said condensing chamber passing through' sa'id conduit also on the discharge side of the jet apparatus.

" 4.-The combination with a vapor condensing chamber provided with a conduit for theremoval of air and vapor therefrom permanently open to the atmosphere, of

steam jet apparatus located within said conduit and arranged to withdrawthe 'air and vapor from the condensing chamberbyan eject-0r action and discharge them against apressure at least equal to one atmosphere,

andra system of piping connected to the cooling water supply of sa d condensing chamber passin through said conduit on Y the discharge si e of the steam jet apparatus.

5. In combination with a'condenser' rovided with a co'nduitfor the removal 0 air and uncondensed vapor, steamjet apparatus within said conduit for withdrawing the-air and vapor by an ejector action and-- dis charging such ejected air and vapor "from the conduit against'atmospheric pressure,

andmeans for subjecting such ejectedair and va or to the cooling action of the water of con ensation of the condenser and of the cold-water supply of the condenser.

. 6. The combination with va vapor condensing chamber rovided with-a conduit for the removal 0 air and vapor therefrom permanently open to the atmosphere, ofm

plurality of steam jets located at difierent poin iin said conduit and arranged to withdraw the air andvap'or from the condensing chamber by an ejector action and discharge them against a pressure at least equal to one atmosphere, and connections for supplying steam of different pressures to the steam jet nozzles.

7. The combination with a vapor condensing chamber provided with a conduit for the removal of air and vapor therefrom per- -manently open to the atmosphere, of a pluralit-y of steam jets 'located at different points in said conduit and arranged to withdraw the air and 'yapor from the condensing chamber by an ejector action and discharge them against a pressure at least equal to one atmosphere, and heat exchangeapparatus located in said conduit on the discharge side of each steam jet apparatus.

8. The combination with a vapor condensing chamber provided with a conduit for the removal ofair and vapor therefrom permanently open to the atmosphere, of a plurality of steam jets located at different points in said conduit and arranged to withdraw the air and vapor from the oondens-' ing chamber by'an ejector action and discharge them against a pressure at least equal to one atmosphere, and heat exchange apparatus connected with the water, of condensation discharge outlet of the condensing chamber-located in said conduit on the discharge side of each steam jet apparatus.

9. The combination with ayapor condensing chamber provided with a conduit for the removal of air'and vapor therefrom per-" manently open to the atmosphere, of. steam jet apparatus located within said conduit and arranged to withdraw the air and vapor from the condensing chamber by an ejector action and discharge them against a pressure at least equal to one'atmosphere, and a heat exchange apparatus located in said conduit on the discharge side of the jetfor condensing the vapor from said chamber and said jet apparatus, together with means for returning the water of condensation so formed in the conduit to the hot well of the condensing chamber.

10. The comb'nation with a vapor condensing chamber provided with a conduit for the removal of air and vapor therefrom, of a steamjet apparatus located in said conduit arranged to draw the air and vapor from the condensing chamber by an ejector action, a heat. exchange apparatus connected to the water of condensation outlet of the condensing chamber located in the conduit at the discharge side of the steam jet apparatus, and a second heat exchange apparatus located in the conduit at a point farther removed from the steam jet apparatus.

11. The combination with a. vapor condensing chamber provided with a conduit ,for the removal of air and vapor therefrom,

of a plurality of steam jets located at'diff'erent points in said conduit and arranged to withdraw the air and vapor from the condensing (chamber by an ejector action and to discharge them against a pressure at least equal to one atmosphere, and connections for supplying steam of different pressures to the nozzles of said steam jet apparatus.

' In testimony whereof, We affix our signatures in the presence of two witnesses.

Y EMIL J OSSE.

WILHELM GENSECKE Witnesses:

HENRY HAsPER, WOLDEMAR HAUPT.

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