US1039677A - Apparatus for cleaning, cooling, and mixing gases. - Google Patents

Description

. H. E; THBISEN.- APPARATUS FOR CLEANING, COOLING, AND MIXING-GASES.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 6, 1912. r 1,039,677, Patented Sept. 24,1912.

3 SHEETS-BHBET 1.

- H. E. T HEISEN'. APPARATUS FOR GLE ANING, GOOLING, AND MIXING GASES. APPLICATION FILED JAIN. 8,1912.

Patented Sept. '24, 1912.

3 snnmswmsm 2;

ahwiw v QIM H. E. THEISEN. APPARATUS FOR CLEANING, COOLING, AND MIXING GASES.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 6, 1912. Patented Sept. 24, 1912.

' s QHEHTS-SHEET e.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HANS ED. THEISEN, F- MUNICH, GERMANY.

APPARATUS FOR CLEANING, COOLING, AND MIXING GASES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 24, 1912,

Application filed January 6,1912. Serial No. 669,827.

. ments in Apparatus for Cleaning, Cooling,

and Mixing Gases; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in apparatus for cleaning, cooling and mixing gases.

The type of apparatus to which my inven' I tion more especially relates is that employ ing a plurality of concentric cylinders or cones arranged one within the other, and operating in the nature of disintegrators, certain of these cylinders being fixed and others revoluble. Some or all of these cylinders may be perforated or apertnred, and the cleaning, cooling or mixing fluid is injected in finely comminuted form into the apparatus preferably by means of jet tubes or pipes.

One obj ect. of the invention is to generally improve the form and arrangement. of the perforations in the cylinders or cones, which act in the nature of disintegrators.

Another object is to improve the construction, arrangement and installation in the apparatus of the disintegrators.

Other objects of the invention. will be more fully hereinafter described.

I Several forms of the invention are illus-' trated in the accompanying wherein like reference characters denote like partsv throughout the several views, and in which draw1ngs Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through the upper part of an apparatus embodying certain features of my invention; Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view taken on the line. L 2 of Fig. 1; Figs. 3 and 4 are frag mentaiy views of disintegrators having modified forms of perforations or apertures therein; Fig. 5 is a fragmentary sectional view illustrating a modified means for securing the disintcgrators in position; Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view of a modified form of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1; Figs. 7 and drawings,

8 are plan views of fragments of the disintegrators used in the-construction of the apparatus shown in Fig. 6; Figs. 9 and 10 are cross se tional views. and 11 and 11* are plan views of further modified for-ms 'efdisintegrators; -Fi'g." l2 is adrertical 'sectionah view of a modified form of apparatus where:

in the disintegrators are cone shaped; Fig. 69

.13 is a similar view of a modified form of apparatus wherein the fan or propeller is arranged laterally; Fig. 14 is a sectional elevation illustrating a modified arrangement ofsupplying fluid to the apparatus; 6 5

Fig. 15 is a cross sectional view taken on the line l5-15 of Fig. 14; Fig. 16 is a sectional elevation of a modified form of thearrangeiment shown in Fig. 14; Fig. 17 is a vertical sectional view of a modified form of the en :tire apparatus; Fig. 18 is a similar view of a -rfurther modified form; and Fig. 19 is a schematic view of the exterior of the apparatus Referring by reference characters to the L5 iaecompanying drawings and particularly to Fig. 1 thereof, 1 designates a two-part cas, ing of cast metal, having the admission p56 sage 2 through which gas flows, in the direcition indicated by the arrow, into the appa- 'iratus.

Secured to the shaft 3' by meansof. ithe nut lor in any other suit-able manner is ja supporting disk 5 which is arranged iclosely adjacent the inner face of one of the glateral walls of the casing Thedisk 5 is ;caused to rotate at the desired rate of speed by power applied to the shaft 3 by any suit Lable means, such as by a belt and pulley zdrive- (not shown). Removably secured by :screws 7 to. the disk 5 is an annular disk 6 1 which serves to support the disintegrators 8 ;as more fully. hereinafter described. Op- ;posite the disk 5 the casing 1 is grooved or -,undercnt to receive a second annular disk ,9 which is removably held in position by 9.5:

gmeans of the screws 10. This disk 9 serves lto retain the fixeddisintegrators 11 which :are arranged between the disintegrators 8 irevoluble with the driven disk 6. Entering the casing 1 is a bent pipe 12 having a hori-" zontalarm or-branch 13 which is preferably" arranged closely adjacent the inner face of the innermost disintcgrator 8, this arm 13 having perforations 14 therein through cent-rally of the clisintegrators,

which the desired cleaning, cooling or mixing; fluid under pressure is forced or jetted against the"clisintegrators. Secured be, or forn'ur'rl us an integral part of, the disk are one or more fun or propeller blades 15 which project into the space in the casing shove thhtownpjeu by the tlisintegrators. In certain lunus oi the invention these propeller blades muy he entirely omit-tell or may he arranged laterally shown in Fig. 13, or if desired. .As'shown in Figs. 1, 12, 13 15, l'Z-ancl 18 the blade may he laterally closed, or as shown in Fig. 6 the blade may be substantially plane and laterally unobstructed in the direction of one of the casing WZLllS.

The ( lisinlegrutors 8 and 11 are preferably provided with suitable orilices'or apeitur 18 and lfl respectively, but in view of the great speed at which certain of the disintegrators rotate the function of the apertures \\()lll(i--ll renclerod nugatory Lind the pas sage of gas uncl fluid therethrough Would he practicallystopped unless suitable means to overcome this defect were provided I propose to remetly this drawback by the provision of projections 16 end, 17 adjacent the orifices l8 and 19, these projections being prel'erelily directed toward each other, that is to say, the proie. .-ons' of the revoluhle (lisilz-tegrators extending; upwardly or outunrdly and those of the fixed (lisintcgrators extending downwenily o1" inwardly (see Figs. 2 and 3). By this construction and an rangeinent of ports the passa 'e of fluid. and through the apertures is materially fin cilitutetl (luring rotation of the reveluhle tlisiuiegretors, the mixture being thrown eentrifugully against the opposit disposed (lownwanlly inclined projeeiion of the liXecl (lisintegrulors. These projections may he most simply formed by permitting the parts which result from stumping out the orifices to remain attached at one edge to the body of the Llisintegrutor, thus forming flaps which may be bent up or down to form the desired projections.

In Figs. 1 owl E2 the projections, formed as just described, are illustrated clearly; 16 are the upwardly directed projections on the revoluhle dis-integrators 8, extending ru- (li: lly and sul'istuntiully at right angles to the hitter; 1? are the llUW'TDYfifdly directed, rzuliul or inclined projections formed on the limeil clisii'iiegrutors 11. In lh sc figures the (li'lil iS 18 the revoluble cli .ihgmtors 8 are arrang in advance of the projections 16' the direction. 01" revolution being assumed to he that. shown by the arrow 20 in Fig. 2. When the zu'rungcment that just (lfSClilJQd it is one) for sediniuent sud incrustetion to fomn in the angle at the hack of the projections I l, and to prm'enl; this ll? is ucli ise iile to mlopl' the coi'rhsiruilhm of Fig. 53 wherein the openings 18- ii'aui'zciliately adjacent projections 1.6"- of one of the ensues"? ugel force resulting from the revolution of the tlisiniegmton; suffices to prevent the eccurnulation of any solid matter on the front wall or face of the projection.

Fig" 4 shows a. modified form of aperture in the disintegrutors, the projections 16, 17% which IalflXl'PQ formed on either the fixeci or revoluhle chsintegrators being acute angular, so that the resulting apertures are sulstentielly of triangular formation.

A form which has proven somewhat more effective in practice then those previously described that illustrated in Figs 6, i and 8, wherein it will he noteo that the projections 16 are preferably inclined. In this form of the invention the lined; disintegrutors 11 are preferably form of Wire grating and the reuoluhle (lisintegretors 8 have apertures l8 formed by stamping up the projections 16 out of the material of the disintegretor. The projections 16 are prelierubly inclined in relation to the shaft 3 so that the gas and fluid instead. of being thrown radially, is caused to move in e. substantially iirel path. resulting in :1 more ellectivc use 0 the W .ing SLUil'iQ CES of the machine, a more intinmte admixture of gee and fluid and thus an enhanced cleaning ac tion on the gas. The projections of all th revoluble disintegrntors may all extencl the some direction but it is preleruble it so arrange the reroluhle clisiuteg It'ors that the ..-:intcgrutors extend in an opposite direction to that of the projection 16 of another disintegrate! This arrzmgenient is shown in (3 i u i 'v 5 and 8. Fig. '4 illustrates the inner revolu- -l le disintegrate]: and Fig. 8 the outer revoluhk egralozn. The projections 16 in Fig. 7 incline upwardly from left to i vht While those in Fig. 8 incline IIjTT RZTlly 1 right to left Seen from above, the projections 16 on all the revoluhle (lisintegraters cross. This construction results in produc ing various oppositely fliIQClCll spiral currents of the gas and fluid mixture whereby extenfl or incline inv incline. In this arrangement all the 'pro jections on all the fixed disintegrators may have the same inclination, or if desired the projections, of two such disintegrators may cross if desired.

In the form of invention illustrated in Fi s. 6, 7 and 8 the innermost revoluble disintegrator 16 gives the air and gas mixture a spiral twisting movement toward the left, 10 while the outermost revoluble disintegrator 16* causes a like movement to the right. In connection with this form of the invention it is desirable to use the laterally open pro peller blades shown in Fig. 6, to freely 15 throw the air and gas mixture against the left casing wall. The fluid admission pipe 13 has-apertures or jet openings 21, inclined toward the right in opposition to the left inclination of the openings or apertures in the 20 innermost revoluble disintegrator. It will be understood that, if desired, the. openings 21 may be straight, instead of inclined as shown. Fig. 6 also illustrates a modified form of fixed disintegrator 11 formed of 25 wire grating having the projectionsor crossing points '17 corresponding to the projections 17 in the pre'cedingfigures of the drawing. This modified form of disintegrator will be more fully referred to hereinafter. so, It will of course be understood that an apparatus embodying the invention may be double acting, i. e. provided with two (or more ifdesired) sets of disintegrators and.

propeller 'blades, such construction being shown in Fig. 18 wherein the disk 5 is pro-.

vided at each side with the disinte rator members 8 and the screw or propeller blades 15 which may be laterally open or closed as desired. The snail like casing 1 ig. 19) &0 incloses the apparatus and has formed therein an exhaust passage 41 through which the fluid. admitted by the pipe 12", passes out of the apparatus. 42 is the emission passage for the cleaned gases, which pass into the 45 apparatus in raw condition through the chambers 43, 43 in the direction shown by the arrows. 7

It .is to be noted that all, or certain of the fixed disintegrators may be imperforate instead of being provided with apertures, so that the entire longitudinal surface of such fixed disintegrators is available "against:

which the gas and fluid mixture is forced in a spiral path by the revoluble disinte-. 156 grators. If such imperforate dislntegrators are employed each' thereof is then preferably provided with a recess or opening to prevent the settling of dust andtar in the cor- 11ers. Fig. 12 shows a construction wherein the disintegrators are cone shaped, asdis tiriguished from the cylindrical form of the preeeding figures and the fixed cones are lmperforate, except that the innermost fixed cone or d isintegrator 23 is provlded withan 35 opening 2% to permit gas and fluid to passthercthrougli to the next succeeding revoluble disintegrator 8. Theoutermost fixed disintegrator cone 22 is also preferabl provided with an opening 25 at its point of attachment to the casing to prevent the. formation of sediment or incrustation of'tar and the like at this point. i y

The apertures and projections of thejdisintegratorsshould, when present, extend the entire cross section of the latter, and more over the lateral walls in which the disintegrators are-secured should be perfectly plane, as it is only in this way that the settling of dirt, dust, tar and the like in the corners and anglescan be prevented. In accordance with 80 the present invention the disintegrator cones I or cylinders are cast into or sweated on to suitable annular disks or the like'which are removably attached to the apparatus casing, and this construction results not only in pro 35 Viding a thoroughly rigid connection but pounds of the cones or cylinders being perforatedtheir entire length right up to the plane surfaces of the disks, whereby thesettlement of tar, etc'., is avoided and a larger cross sectional passage .is obtained.

In Figs. 1 and 5 two methods of securing the disintegrators in position are shown. In

Fig. 1 the disintegrators are cast right into .the disks 6 and 9, that is, the ends 26 of the 5 last projection 17 and the ends 27 of the last projection 16 are simply cast at thesame time as and into the plane faces of the disks 9 and 6. If desired theedge of 'the perfo- 7 rated disintegrator cone or cylinder may be formed as oppositely projecting inclined flaps or tabs so as to make this edge appear notched or toothed. The teeth 28, 29 (Fig 1') are then cast into or sweated on or otherwise secured to the. disks 6 and. 9. The cast metaldisks 6 and 9 which are removably secured in the casing walls may alsob so constructed and arrangedthat each perforated disintegrator is individually insert-ible in and removable from the apparatus, the advantage of this arrangement being thatif any one cone or cylinder is damaged that one only need be removed with its supporting disk, the other remaining in position.

Fig. 5 shows a form of construction wherein a separate supporting-disk is apportioned to each disintegrator. 8, 8, are the fixed disintegrato'r cones or cylinders, each of which is cast into or sweated on toan annular disk :30, '30, the disks being removably secured in'pos'ition by means of the screws and nuts 31; It will-beunderstood that three or more removable disintegrators may be used each being supported by a separate, disk, the inner or middle disks being held in position without the use of-screws, by having the edges of the disks overlapped or dovetailed. In place of using the individual cast, metal disks I may employ disks of strong sheet or boiler tin on tov which the'vperforated or The disintegrators are secured to such sheet.

tin disks in a manner similar to either that shown in Fig. 1, or in Fig. 5.

It has been heretofore stated that in lieu of perforated or apertured disintegrat-or cylinders or cones, ll may employ cylindrical or conical disintegrators constructed of wire grating: work having around, quadrangular, rightangular or prismatic cross section, the production of such wire disintegrators being simpler and cheaper than the other kind. In the use of such disintegrators it is possible to clean, toa certain degree of purity, great quantities of gas usable for heating and like purposes. and for cleaning gas wherein a thorough cleaning action is not necessary the perforations may he large-and the projections small. This result may be much better attained by the use of wire disintegrators than by the use of the perfo rater tin disintcg'rators which lose the needed rigidity if the perforations are large and the connecting webs small. Another rather disadvantageous feature found in. the pro jections of the tin disintcgrators is that when gas rich in tar is cleaned the likelihood of this .tar settling in the corners and angles is considerable. while when the wire grating disintcgzrators are used this settling of tar deposit is precluded because the symmetric wires having the symmetric projections or points of intersection present surfaces which are uniformly subjected to the action of the Washing fluid. ll'loreorer, when using wiredisintegrators. either fixed or revoluhle, having the projecting points of wire intersection. the pulverization, comminution and admixture of gas and washing fluid is more uniform because these projecting points of intersection are distributed completely uniforlnly over the whole surface of the disintcgraior and these points of intersection are themselves symmetrical. a result of which there are considerably more such projecting points of intersection and there is a sort of molecular pulvcrizing action so that the cleansing action is thus enhanced. Just as the intersecting points of the wire are symmetrical and uniformly distributed, the openings are also symmetrical and unifor m and it is thus possible to throughly clean great quantities of gas so that the latter may he used for gas engines.

9 shows a form of invention using wire gratin; disintcgrators; 8, 8, are the revolnhle disintegrators of tin or the like having the proje tions 16 while 11 ll are the fixed wire grating disintegrators. 32 are the downwardly, directed loops or protuberances at the points of intersection of the wires. those protuherances acting as thor oughly effective deflecting surfaces for the gas and fluid mixture. Fig. '10 shows a further modification wherein both rotating marrow and fined disintegrators are made of wire grating. In this figure the rotating disintegrators 8 8 are provided with the upwardly directed protuberances 33 while the fixed disintegrators 11 are provided with the downwardly directed. protuberances 32. Fig. 11 is a plan view of Fig. 9 and Fig. 11 a plan view of Fig. 10. The form of the wires of the wire grating disintegrators and the size of the mesh may be chosen to suit the needs of any particular occasion and in Figs. 9, 10 and 11 there are-.shown dis integrators of which the wires ip cross section appear round, rectangular or prismatic. The wire of which thedisintegrators are formed may be of like gage throughout or the wires may he of alternately large and small gage as desired.

In the forms OfinVention heretofore de scribed the propeller or fan (which may be omitted if desired) was shown as surrounding the disintegrators. As shown in Fig. 18 the propeller 15 may be separated from the disintegrators and arranged in a chamber 34 separate from the chamber 35 whciein the disintegrators are housed. 2 is the gas admission port, 36 the gas outlet, 12 the fluid admission pipe and 37 the fluid emis sion port. In this form of the invention the washing fluid passes from the interior of the apparatus outwardly while the gas to be cleaned passes in the opposite direction, thus resulting in oppositely flowing counter currents which arrangement is adapted to intensify the cleansing or mixing action.

Carried on the shaft 3 of the apparatus is a disk or plate 38 which carries on the right face thereof the perforated ,revoluhle disim tegrators 8, while the partition 39 between the chamhcrs 34 and 35 supports the fined disintcgrators 11 Which may be constructed in any of the forms heretofore described in detail.

dish- 38 the rotary disintegrators and securing to the left hand side of the casing wall 40 the fixed disintegrators.

In the form of invention shown in Fig. 17 an intimate admixture of gas and fluid is effected by the perforated rotary and fixed. disintegrators 8 and 11', the outer rotating disintegrator 8 throwing by centrifugal action the gas and fluid mixtureagainst the he arrangement may of course be reversed by securing to the leitt hand side of fixed inner casinfp; wall 44. In this action.

lpaan'w like formation of the disintegrator surfaces- :1 small portion of the and fluid particles will glide outwardly in zig-zag form along. these surfaces. Thus in addition to the es sentially radial stream of gas and water particles, there is also a second current which to a certain extent crosses and intersects the main current. Inasmuch as this second current also encounters the several projeo imperforate', or entirely apertured or oiltirely imperforate. j

In all these devices the uniform distribu-{ tion of the washing fluid is of the greatest importance. Moreover fit is hecessary in i. orderthat the operation may be uniforml and continuous, that the fluid admission 2; pipes remain unobstructed, and in order to provide ready reliet' in a case of obstruction i itbis essential that this pipe be easily remova e,

Heretofore an ordinary tube 12, 13 (Figs. l: 1 and 6) having the jet openings 14, 21, has been employed, this tube being directly con-- nected to the source of fluid under pressure, The preferred form of water feed or supply is that illustrated in Figs. 14:, 15, and 16.3 In this construction an ordinary open si-: phon tube 53 is employed to which the washing fluid flows. This siphon tube 53 which is screwed into hearings or bosses e7 in the casing 1 is provided within the apparatus with a curved terminus or end member 46 having jet openings 48 through which the fluid passes into the iuteriorof a jet cone 50 secured to the disk 5 carried by the shaft 3 (Figs; 14 and 15). The jet cone 50 is providedwith slots 51 along the cone surface and is also provided with the exterior jet or deflector plates 52. By rotation of the jet cone 50 the washing fluid is thrown out from the interior of the cone 50, in finely comniinuted condition and is uni formlf distributed. In addition to throwing the fluid radially, the cone 50 also causes the water to pass along the cone surfacefrom the narrow to the wide part thereof which results in a washing action being exerted against the disk To this end the jet cone 50 is secured to the disk 5 by separate, spaced brackets 49 so that the washing fluid is not impeded in its course. An equally efleotiiiedistribution of fluid may be ob- !tained-by'rneans of the arrangement shown in l fiwlherein the end 46 di-rects'tlee ifiind against-the exterior of the jet cone 50.

The purpose of curving the end 4:6 is t0 fa- .oiiitate the removal of the latter after. the

siphon tube 53 has been removed.

\Vhat I claim is I 1. An apparatus for the purpose specified, embodying therein a casing, an annular disk removahly secured to one wall of said casing, a series of concentric disinte 'ator members fixed to said disk, a second iskv rotatably mounted within said casing adjacent and parallel to the wall of the casing opposite that carrying the fixed disintegrator mem-' here, a series of disintegrator members removably carried by said second disk and extending into said casing in alternation with the fixed disintegrator members, and .a fan blade carried by said second disk and adapted to rotate in a path surrounding the series of disintegrator members.

parallel for a part of their extent and inclined to each other another part of their extent, an annular disk countersunk in ope wall of said casing, disintegrator embers extendin transt'ersel within the casin from said countersunk disk, a second disk :rotatably mounted within said casing immediately adjacent one of said walls, said sec ond disk being shaped to conform to the shape of the wall and having a series of disintegrator members parallel to those carried by the first named disk, and a fan blade carried by said second disk and adapted to revolve about the disintegrator members in the path formed by said inclined walls.

3. An apparatus for the purpose specified, embodying therein a casing, a disk countersunk in one wall oi the casing, a series of concentric apertureddisintegrator members fixed to said disk, said members having project-ions formed near the apertures therein, a second disk rotatably mounted within said casing adjacent and parallel to the wall of the casing opposite that carryin disintegrator members, series 0 disintegrator members carried by said sec- 0nd disk and extendinginto said casing in alternation with the fixed disintegrator members, the disintegrator members carried by the second disk having projections near i I the apertures therein, and a fan blade carried by said second disk and adapted to rc tate in a path surrounding the series of disintegrator members.

4c. An apparatus for the purpose specified, embodying therein a casing having a chamher with parallel walls and a second chamher with inclined walls, a disk OOllIltGiSliIllE in one of the said parallel walls, a series or fixed disintegrator members removably car- 130 2. An apparatus for the purpose spe'tiified, I embodying therein a casing formed of walls g the fixed apertured "Lure, and a fluid admimion pipe exit Pied 303 said disk, 9, 38962101 ciisk Within said casing arranged at one and of the series 01? disin'tsgmfor members, a seoond sexgies 07f disintegrator members carried by said second disk and a, fan blade carried by said second disk and adapted to revolve about the disintegrator members in the chamber having inciined 'Wails.

5. An apparatus 01" the pm" embodying therein a casing 2i 512111 in, one Wall Of the ma! pacified,

Gunteriizrwi disintegrators carried. by disk an into flu, aiming anci hiiving ape therein, Said. jefi openings being inclines; z dii'action oppesite to that in WiliCil 2 mm jectiuns of izhe imwmmat mvoiuble ism:

.tiegmivor are inclined.-

Z'. An apparatus for purpose embodying herein 21 02h iiisiniegrziuom adapter to coiipemie Qasmg a pi'umiiiy of Liisks adapimi o re tnnwihly support the disintegratom in the casing. I

8. An apparatus for tha purpose specified, embodying; therein. casing, riisinaegwaiprs adapted to coiperate in Slfiifi 13:;xsi11 g pi a ec tic-iii; extending from the surface 01; s'aicfifiisintegrators, and a piuraiity (If disks acizipijgfi to yemovabiy support mid. iiginiegi at0rs m the casing, the em? prcjectien cm. each fiisrn tegmtor being cast inta 0r sweaied 011 in the adjacent supporting disk.

9. in apparatus for the purpose specified, embodying therein a casing, a plurality 0f fixed and revoluble disintegrzimrs adapted to copemte in said casing, and an annular disk apportianed to each said disintegmbor and miap'ted to Hanoi ably support the same in the casing independenfiy of the other disintegrators.

10. An apparatus for the purpase specifled, embodying; herein a casing, a plum iity of disiutegmtors adapted to coii'peraw fihrzrein, an open siphnn tube adapted far the in trociuction 0i": fluid inte said apparatus and a bent tube ramovzibiy attmchxi in the inner and of said siphon tube, said bent tube hm ing jet npenings therein. i

11. An apparatus for the purpose specifled, embodying thsrein a casing, a plurality 0f mfiperafing disintagi'abors in said; casing, a jet cone revoiubie in said casing said jet wine having jet openings therein and jet pi: mijaaent npenings, and a fluid mi ussion tube adapteii to conduct fluid into P ppamtus in be imiformiy distributed by said get cane.

An apparavtus for the purpose speizib in iaihodying therein a casing, a plurality miperatmg disintegrators in said casing,

" cane revoiubie in said casing, a siphon rough which fluid is adapted to pass apparatus, and. a slotted terminus i0 shim tube and adapted. (0 directthe up" :fii'uiti against said jet cone.

whereef I hereunto afifix my the presence of two Witnesses" HANS ED. THEISENQ

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