US1039008A - Dust-separator. - Google Patents

Description

L. ANDERSON. DUST SBPLBATOB.

Arrmonxol run A?!- 18. 1011.

1,039,008, Patented Sept. 17,1912.

I lKBETl-BKEET l.

1.. mnnason. DUB! BBPAM'IOB.

APILIOA'IIOI "LID A". 18, 1011. 1,039,008. 1 Patented Sept. 17, 1912.

withlthe catamarans 1n LAWEENOI ANDERSON, OI CHICAGO, ILIlINOIB.

' near-carousel.

1 ,oao,oos.

Indication of Letters latent. Application also April 18, 1911. scrtal lto. 680,747.

Patented Sept. 17,1912.

To all whom it may concern: y l

Be it known that I, Lawrence Anbsasox, a. citizen of the United States and a resident of Chicago, in the county of-Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dust-Se arators; and I do hereby declare that the ollowin is a full, clear and exact, description tiereof, reference bein had to the accompanying drawings, an to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to an im rovement in dust separators and consists o the matters hereinafter describedfandmore par-' ticularly pointed out in the appended claims.

My improved dust separator 1s adapted for the separation of dust, dirt, cinders, or other particles heavier than air from a gas or from air which is driven or drawn through the separator in a current flowing at a rapid rate and dependsfor its 0 ration upon the centrifugal force deveoped by the rapidly movin current of gps'or, air. while passingthrougi the separa r,

My ust separator is shown herein moonnection with'a system adapted. to collect and store for commercial purposestbe 'fuel gas given ofi'.,as a by-productbyua blast furnace and is'desi ed to ;extract.the' cin ders, dust and dirt mm the said fuel see as to make it suitable for use for lig t-iug and heating and power purposes In the drawin Figure 1* is a view. representing in si e elevation -my improved dust separator and a blast furnace to which i is connected. Fig. 2 is a view representing a section through one. of the spiral coils comprising m improved separator, the section being ta on in a plane indicated by the line 2-2 of Fig.1. lFi 8- is a view representing a section of anot er of said spiral coils in a plane indicated by the line 3-8 of Fig. 1. Fi .4 is a view,

re resenting a section throug another one 0 said spiral ,coils in .a plane indicated-by the line 4 -4 ,of .111 g,,1. Fig..5 isv a view representing a "cross v sect1on through the spiral coil shown in, F1 Lina, lane; indi cate lliy,;the. l1no.5 ;6 t ereotfla. ig. detail, sec ional view.',on an. showing'pne1ofythe,sprayc zal c imbe a .Iie et insimai ateaarm is" e e ar ed as m ent of m invention illustrated in the drawings, indicates a blast furnace of familiar construction which is adapted for the delivery of fuel gas, its by-product, throu h ipes a, a connected to the stack 13 of sa1 urnace.

0 indicates my improved dust separator, as a whole, the said separator havmg one end 0 connected to the pipes a, a leading from the stack of the furnace and being adapted for the iassage of gas therethrough. The other end Y of said separator may be connected directly to a gas reservoir or storgge tanky'o r in case a more refined product is required for the purpose to which the ms is to be put, it may be connected to 0t 101 gas washers or purifiers in which the gas is urther washed and purified.

The separator consists of a metal pipe 0' of comparatively large cross-sectional area, and havingthe form of a helical coil with a plurality of convolutions F. The pipe 0' may be of an convenient form in cross section and, as 8 Own herein, is circular in cross section. .The force of the blast from thefurnace drives the s through the convolutions of the helica coil comprising the separator in a stream which flows at a rapid rate, the gaswhirling about the central axis of the said" helical coil as itv advances through-[the separator,

The" process carried out in the separator in extracting the dirt, dust and the like from the sis threefold and in that embodiment. of, t e invention shown herein, is divided into three so arate stages which occur in succession. n the first stage, the gas is subjected to a process of dry separation; in the second stage, the gas is washed and may be said to. be subjected to a process of wet separation; and in the third stage, the gas is su ectedto a deh drating process, that is tosay, a process or the extraction of the water from thegus. The several stages of the threefold roccss depend for their 0pgifati'on upon-t 1e centrifugal force developed ln thejdust, dirt and water particles carried ",".-:f,j,l o,,carryjout' the threefold process in the it clsuccessive stages above referred, to,

'the bbnvolutioiis of the helical coil Carc into three sets, each set, as shown herein, ineluding" ioprteonvoiutionsa wt in.-. d cates theconvohitlons o! the first set; 0" the convolutions of the second set; and a", those of the third setea-Amshown-in the drawings, the convolutions are formed from a single metal pipe. The body of each con-"- volution is an inte ral part of said pipe, and in this respect t to construction -andcon-* ncction of all the convolutionsotone set are alike. The convolutions'of the first'set. are alone lined with a heat resistingmeans, such as fire-brick or tile, for thepurp'ose, as hereinafter described. As the body of each convolution of all the sets are-made'of metal, a descri tion of one of each set will suiiice for a1 Each" of the convolutions 0' of the helical coil is provided with a fire brick or tile lining D (see Fig. 2) to protect the metal wallsof the pipe (1', since the gas whenit firstlenters he separator from the blast 'furnace is ve' hot."'At circumferentially spaced points m the outer peripheral wallofthe convolution" 0', that is to say, that part of the'pipe wall 'whichl is located at the greatest ra ial distance tram the central axis of the 'helica lcoil, are located o'ckets or chambers d, said pockets or cham rs opening into the interior of the pipe in a direction opposed to the direction m which the as is fiowing through th'e'convolution of t e'helical ipe as indicated by the arrows to in Fi ihe pockets'or c ambers on either si e 01 the convolution o' are connected 'with'api ed, each 3mg s leading to a common disc arge pipe N shown in the drawings the'pipes are provided with branches dfeach ofwhich has an open end projecting into the p1 e C, and constituting the pocketor eham erreferred to; The "ends of saidbranches are turned so that they are directed opposite to the direcion of flow of the gas through the convolution of the helicalcoil. i

The operation as'the as passes throu h the convolutions ois as ollows: Under't e force of the draft from the f urnace, the gas delivered thereby passes through the convo-' lntions of the coi in the direction of the arrows at a very rapid rate, and owing to the centrifu al force developed by this circular flow 0 the gas, the heavier particles of cinders and dirt arethrownoutwardly against the outer eripheral wa'lls"ofjthe convolutions a. T e heavier. particles' are thus carried along in contact wlth this buter peripheral wall until-they reach oneotthe pockets or chambers d n whichth'e 1am arrested and from which they passin o the ipes 'df {and thence intd I the comrnjonfdw ivery' p1 "d". As shown;irr'tlie' drawings, thobrane cs d'otthe i as d3 copstitnting' the pockets, are so curve at dullt'apd cinder par icleswill strike against that'i-walli-of-t into a trough the; is as follows:

. drops'dr pooket tarthest-in' sdvance;,ing'thhY'dlrttio in which the gases flowingand' wilhthen 1,ose,oos

upon. deflection have a comparatively free drop downwardly through the pipe under the force of ravity. he pipes (1 open qt. extending be ow the spiral and containing water which seals said pipes.': The cinders and dirt falling throu h said 'lpes dro upon the bottom a of tie troug and 00 act in piles a, as shown in Rig. 1. Enough convolutions are included in this first section of the helical coil, so that practically all of the larger and heavier particles of cinders and dirt will have been removed from the gas after they have passed throu b said section of the dust separator. "Eac of the convolutions c of the helical coil, comprising the second section of the separator, is provided with circumferentially spaced pockets or chambers f in its outer peri heral wall similar to those provided m t e convolutions c' of the first section, said pockets or chambers being in like manner connected with pi 788 f leading to a common discharge ipe which empties into the trough E an is sealed by the water therein. As before, the pockets or Cillllllbars are' formed by branch piges f connected with thepipes f. In ad ition each of said convolutionso' are provided with devices for injecting a lurality of jet or sprays of water intot a rapidly w iii-ling stream or gas, the jets or sprays eing preterablydirec'ted diagonally across and in a dire'ction opposed to the direction in which the "stream"o gasis traveling so as to thoroughl wash the "gas'of the finer particles of ustor dirt st1ll' remaining therein after it has passed through the' first section ofthe separator; j G (see Fig. 8% indicates a plurality of spray or jet n'ozzes located at circumferentm'llys' aced points .about the outer peripheral we let t e convolution c, said nozzles being turned so as to direct a spray of water in a direction op osite to that in which the stream 'of gas is owing as indicated by the arrows'a'r, and girefera iy diagonally across the direction 0' fiow of said stream, that is to say, at'an angle thereto. Said nozzles G are connected to pipes 9 extending about each side of said convolution and connected by branches 9 to a pipe 9 which is supplied with water-from a mam supply pipe G (see Fig.1); The operation of this dpart of the ap ara The rops or particihs of water's ra ed"from'the'nozzles G move in paths w ic cross'the rapidly, flowing current of gas in'a direction opposed to the direction of'fiow'of saidaurrent, and catch or hold'and thereb acetate from the as the finer" artlclesfo so 1d matter Clll'litlt thereby;' 1 he-force'ot thejet or spray carries the liartleles ot,water toward the inner eriphera f' wa'll ot the'convolation that is o"say,"toward that part of the pipe wall memes I which is located atthe' least,radial distance from thecent-ral axisof the helical coil gand as the direction of travel of said water rope or particles is opposed to that of the current of as the advance of the water drops .or'par.-" tic es in thatdirection willbe, retarded and;

their movement arrested. at or before the time thesame reaches said inner peripheral wall of-,-'the convolution and.the.drops or particles ofiwater will th'en'be caught by and subjected tori-the influence of, the rapidl ilowing currentot gas, and .w1ll,,be carrie by or causedf'to move with said current and soon acquire the same speed as that 01 ,the gas. The action otcentrifu al force there: after has:the effect of im ling; the-drops or particles ofwater in at s acrossthei'current ofmthe as tower 'the outerieircumferential wal of the convolutions 0', so that the said drops or particles -..pass twice through or across the current of s andthe same is subjected to a double wa 'ng operationmThe water withthe solid particles suspended therein collects in the pockets or chambers f in the same way as did the solid particles iu the first section of the separator, and, assing, intothe pipes f and j flow into t e tank E. Such. arger-part1clesof solid material as were not removed in the first section of the C011 and aretoo-heavy to be caught and held by the particles of .water will be driven out of the second-section of the separator by centrifugal force and the action of the current'in the same manner as in the first section. The last section of the separator provides means for; dehydrating the gas, that is-to say, for separatingfrom the gas the moisture remaining inthe same after its passage through the section coms prisin the convolutions 0'. Primarilythis result is produced by the centrifu al action" on the particles of-wa'ter suspen ed in,the gas, due to the rapid rotary motion oLthe current of gas about-the arise! the coil, whereby the said articles, which are heavier than the gas, are brown by such centrifugal action outwardly against the peripheral walls of said convolutions 0', the accumulu ted water being drained from said convw lutions throu h suitable o enings or'drainage pipes. --1 o facilitate he separation of the water from the gas in this way each; of the convolutions o is shown-in the rawings as provided with a puralitgnof 'se arator- P i( ll t ra cach.fcom risin asectmn.oflaicylinder-has?v in am iu'sasi'ghtl ,-.-,less thanathatigotgthe 'ou er iperipheral, we jofithezcohvolutions '0 withitsflaxis'fllcoincident withtthejaxisro f the helic''allicoil." 1 The'alaterals-edges' j oftlsid plates it extenda prefe'rabl ;t-closely ,=;;'adjaeept u fars-ue r sd-l .q? male "mat on theatra'nsverselygcir arj,,wall?o ;theft;pifij Saidaplatestarei alsoi' preferablylqsepara',

from neach'iother'; at ltheiri ends; by-ispaoiss 'i'ji.

The pleats J provide a space J next to the outer peripheral wall of each convolution c" containin a body of as that is practically unaffecte by the rapi 1y moving current of as in the interior of said convolutions. A ischarge pipe K connected with the lowest part of the convolution, leads down to the trough E and is sealed by the water therein, as in the case of the other discharge pipes. As the gas passes throu 11 this section of the separator, the finely ivided particles of moisture carried in suspension therein, being heavier than the gas, are thrown by centrifugal. force against the plates J and to some extent through the a ertures between the sides 0:! the lates an between the ends of the plates an the wall of the convolution c". The water accumulating on the plates J, and on the walls of the coils, enters the space J and bein there unaffected by the main current of t e gas, flows by gravity through said space and along the outer peripheral walls of the convolutions into the dischar e Pipes K whence they flow into the tank 0 gas when it passes through the outlet end of the separator is comparatively cleanand free of moisture. From the separator-it may be led directly to a place for consumption, maybe conducted to storage tanks or may be directed through other ap- "paratus adapted to further free it from impurities as may be done when the gas is to beused' in explosive engines for power purposes. At the top of each turn of the spiral "I provide a manhole L closed by a gravity controlled hinged ca L which is weighted and serves as a safety valve in case, through the entrance of am with the gas, an explosion occurs, or for any other reason a pressure higher than that desi ned to be borne by the iple comprising the elicalcoil is develope t erein. In each of the pipes f, draining the sections 0 of the sp1ral,I preferably provide a hand-valve f, by means of whichsaid pipes may be closed so that if desired one or more of the sections cflmay-ibe allowed to become partially filled with .water to provide a water seal to prevent a back-flower the gas from the storage tanks, or other parts of the s stem supplied by,-;thedevice, in case it is esired to open up'the blast furnace or for any other reason.

-,.;:'I t,;- vvill'be noted that-the'essential feature ofmfy improvedseparator is the conduit in the.'. o

Illustrated, by the coiled metal tube or pipe,

rin of a coil provided, in the example through-which, the gas is caused to travel rhyhinvention',"-I;have referred to certain depends-tor its operation, is

n escribing' one embodiment of tletailloi mechanical construction and arrangemcntt it is to be understood that my invention I is not limited thereby; except a pointedout'in the appended claims."--- I claim asmy iuventiony 1. An apparatus for'se arating matter in suspension froma rapid y'movmg current of'gaseous fluid, comprising a single ipe bent in the form of a coil, means provi ing aplurality of equally spaced discharge pas sages o euing through the outer pe'ri heral wall 0 'said eo'ilat circumferentialy'arranged points, a common outlet passage conunumcating with said discharge f passages, and menus normally closing the discharge end of said common-outlet passa 2. An apparatus for so arating matterm suspension from a rapid y-movmg current of gaseous fluid, comprisinga single pipe heatin theform of a. helical coil havinga horizontal axis and providedwith a plurality of convolutions, said 'c onvolutions bein provided with a plurality of'equally' spac discharge passages open ng through"the outer peripheral walls thereof at circumfeientiallv arriuiged'points.a common outlet passage or the severaldischarge passa s of each convolution, and 'means norma 15 closing the discharge 'end' of each of sai common outlet passages; v ant 3. An apparatus for separating matteriri suspension from a rapidly moving current of gaseous fluid, comprising a singlepipe bent in the form of a helical coil havinga horizontal axis and provided with a; lural ity 'of convolutions, means provi 1ng "a p urality of equally spaced, circumferentially arranged disci r e passa s'openin through the outer perip eral am I ofeach'o said eonvolations a common outlet passage for the several discharge passages'ofe'aid convolutions, and a water seal closing'the' discharge end of each of said common outlet passages. 4. An apparatus for separating m'atter'in suspension from a rapidly moving current of gaseous fluid, comprising asinglwpipo heat. in the form of a coil, said codfibeing provided in its outer peripheral wall witha plurality of equallyspace'd, circumferentially arranged pockets, means'substantially encircling said coil and providing aconiinon d ischa'r' e passage connected "with eacltf,fot said poc ate, and means normally closing the' c0inmon'discharge .p zts sagas v 1 s Ari-appdratuszfor sgparating matter in outlet-end of said sage? I 5. An apparatus for-s [arating-jm'atteruh suspension'from a rapid y-movmgmarreat of gaseoustluid, comprisin o -single pl bcnt'in' the form of'a helica 5ccil,' havin *a' horizontal? axis an d provided 'rgith rla plurality of 'conv'olutiontafsome' of, saidcori volutions being; provided'i'i 'in 5theirtfltiutc'fr eri heral walisawiarwplaralityrosequuuy;

spaced, ,7 circum fei'entiarrangdppooliots, having" orifices coasntatin'g disehurge pay in snidconvolution'in a mamas sages' opening intosaid'convolutions in a ditection opposedlto the direction of movement'otsaid current, and a common (lisharge' pipe for each convolution connected plithfthe sev'eral discharge passages thereof, said severali'common discharge pipes being 'provided'with a water seal at their outlet I? 6.An= apparatus for 'se arating matter in shspension'from'a rapid y moving current -dfgaseous vfluid, comprising a single ipe h'ent'in' the form of a coiltimcansprovi ing 5? luralit of-discharge passages opening th ugh tle0lll'8l periphoral wall of said coil ht'cireumfcrentially arranged, equally spliced points, a common outlet passage communicating-with said discharge passages. means normally closing the outlctend of said common outlet passage,and means for injectin a s ray of water into said coil at a plum itv o cii'ctl mferentially spaced points. 7. An apparatusfor separating matter in suspension'from a r'a'pid y moving current of gaseous fluid, comprising a conduit in the form of a coil, means providing a plurality of discharge passages opening thr'oughthe outerperiheral wall of said coil vat circ'umferentia ly spaced points, means normally closing'the outlet ends of said-dischargspassages, and a plurality of discharge jets openin into said coil at cirumfe'rentially s ace points, and adapted to direct a jeto water across and in a directibnopposing the direction of said curleflt t .=8." "An apparatus for se arating matter in suspension from a rapid y moving current ot gaseous-tluid, comprismg asingle pipe bentin the form of a coil having a plurality of convolutions, said convolutions being dividedflinto'thr'e'e sets, each of the convolutio'ns 'ofthe-first two sets being provided with a plurality of circumferentially spaced outlet openin s in'their outer periheral walls, a plum ity of discharge jets llt aptcd to 'spray water Into the convolutions of the second-setiat'circumferentially spaced points thereofreach of the third set of said convolutions being provided with an outlet opening-located atits lowest point, means proat ing discha e passages connected with ach of said out et openings" and means pro adding water seals'for sai discharge pasthe oittiiof- 'ai'ficoil having a p urality of convolutions, thedionvolutions of said coil 'bein g dividdd into' three sets'yeach of theconvoludenser-the first two sets beingprovided in f'its'ohteljfperipheral wallwvith a plurality of 9i ntferentiallyf spaced ockets iropening 1 v I p ireetionppposed g t na fiflaw' of' said current, a

plurality of nozzles adapted for directin sprays of. water into the convolutions said second set at circumferentially seed point-s thereof, each of the third set 0 said 5 convolutions having. an outlet opening catcd at its lowest oint, means rovlding dischar 'e'passages or each of said ockets in the first and second sets of convo utions and for said outlet openings in said third set of convolutions, and meansfor normally closing theoutlet ends of said discharge passages.

10. An apparatus for se arating matter in suspension from a rapi 1y movlng current 0 gaseous fluid, comprising a conduit in the form of a coil having a plurality of convolutions, the convolutions of said coil being dividedinto three sets, each of the convolutions of the first two sets being rovided in its oiiter eripheral wall wit a plurality of circum erentially spaced ockets opening into said convolution in a rection opposed to the direction of flow of said current, a pluralit of nozzles adapted for directing sprays 0 water into the convolutions of said second set at circumferentiallfi s aced points in the outer ripheral we tiereof, said nozzles being directed at angleto and in a direction opposed to the direction of flow of said current, .each of the third set of said convolutions having an outlet opening located at its lowest oint, means provldin discharge passages or. each] of said poc ets in the first and second sets'of convolutions and for said outlet openings in said third set of convolutions, and means for normally closing the outlet ends of said discharge passages,

11. An apparatus for se arating matter in suspension from a rapi y movmg'current of gaseous fluid, comprising a conduit in the form of a coil of metal dpipehaving a lurality of convolutions, sai convolutions eing divided into three sets, the first set of said convolutions being provldedyith a fire proof lining and eac convolut1on of the rst two-sets bein rovlded with a lurality of circumferentia y' spaced pockeih in its outer peripheral wall, said pockets opening into said convolutions in a direction oppose to the directionof flow of said current means for in'ecting a plurality of rays oi water into t, e convolutions of sai second set at points circumferentially spaced in the outer peripheral wall ofsaid convolutions,

each of the convolutionsof said third set.

being provided with outlet'openin s at'its lowest point, meansproviding 180118138 passages for eachot saidpockets mjthef first 1,ose,oos-

proof lining and eac rst t two I sets of 3 said convolutioris and{for- -.-.the.

outlet openin s in the third set of said convolutions an means normally closing the outlet ends of said discharge passages.

12. An apparatus for se arating matter in sus ension from a rapi 1y moving current 0 gaseous fluid, comprising a conduit in the form of a metal ipe having a plurality of convolutions, sald convolutions being divided into three sets, the first set of said convolutions bein provided with a fire convolution of the wo'sets being provided with a plurality of circumferentlally spaced ockets in its outer peripheral wall, said poc ets opening into said convolutions in a direction opposed'to the direction of flow of said curand second sets of said convolutions and for the outlet openin s in the-third set of said convolutions an means normally closing the'outlet ends of said discharge passages.

. 18. An apparatus for ,se aratlng matter in sus ension from a rapi lymovmg current 0 gaseous fluid, comprisin a conduit in the form of a helical coil having a horizontal axis and provided with ,a plurality of convolutions, said convolutions being divlded mto -three sets, means prov1d1ng a plurality" of discharge passages opening throu' h'the outer peripheral walls of the convo utions of the-first two sets at circumferentiall spaced oints, each of the convolutions o the-third set.being provided with discharge opening at its lowest point, means for injecting water into the convolutions of said second set at circumferentially spaced points, and means for absolutely closing one of the discharge passages of sald second set thereby allowing the water to partially fill the convolution of said set to form a water seal therein and prevent the back flow of Y gas therethrough.

In testimony, that I, claim the foregoing as my'mvention I afiix my signature in the Rresence'of two witnesses, this 10th day of pril A} D. 1911.

= i LAWRENCE ANDERSON.

; Witnesses:

- Cmnnnon E. Mnmnora,

Gnoaon R. Wmxms.

can; or patent q hfl l iss ntlilaih', Iii addressing the "Commissioner of Patents,

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