US1023508A - Decorticating-machine. - Google Patents

Description

E. DELAFOND. DEGORTIGATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 9, 19.10.

Patented Apr. 16, 1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

E. DBLAPOND.

DBGOBTICATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 9, 1910.

1,023,508. 1 1111111111111- Apr. 16, 1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

- MGWLZ E. DBLAPOND.

DEGORTIGATING MACHINE. APPLIUATION FILED JUNE 9, 1910.

1 J,023,508. Patented Apr. 16, 1912.

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v ZK 20 2/9( ELIE- DELAFOND, OF MEXICO, MEXICO.

DECORTICATING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters :Patent Application filed June 9, 1910.

Patented Apr. 16, 1912.

Serial No. 566,063.

To all whom, t may concern Be it known that I, ELIE DELAFOND, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Mexico city, Mexico, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Decorticating-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a decorticating machine, and its object is to produce an apparatus by means of which the stalks or woody outer shell, of fibers and the like is decorticated or peeled from the soft fiber contained therein without injury to t-he latter.

The organization of the invention comprises a rotating and reciprocating crushing drum, which coacts with a plurality of rotating and reciprocating crushing rolls. The material to be decorticated is introduced between the grooved surfaces on the rolls and the grooved surface of the drum. The combined effects of the motions of the drum and the rolls being to shear, crack and peel the shells of the stalks, operated upon, from the soft fiber thereof.

Figure 1 represents a side view partly fragmentary, of a decorticating machine exn emplifying the invention, Fig. 2 shows a top plan ,View of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary portion of Fig. l, Fig. 4 represents a section of Fig. 3 cn the line 4, 4, Fig. 5 shows a section of Fig. 3 on the line 5, 5, Fig. 6 is a right hand end View of Fig. 1 on a reduced scale and Fig. 7 is a partial enlarged section of Fig. 1 on the line 7, 7. A main housing is shown comprising the side frames 20 and 21 connected by the lower tie bolts 22, and the tie guide bolts 23, 24, 25. The frames 20, 21 each having extending outwardly therefrom the journal bearings 28 at about their central portions and the bearings 29 at the lower portions thereof, and the frame 2() has the opening 30 formed therein. A drum shaft 32 is supported in the journal bearings 28 and carries the main crushing drum 33,which has formed on its outer cylindrical surface the grooves 34, the planes of each of which latter are shown perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the drum. Journal brackets 35, 36 extend from the left hand end 37 of the frame 20, and support the driving shaft 38 carrying the driving pulley 39 and pinion 40. Brackets 43, 44, and 45 also extend from the frame 20 and support the side shaft 46. A spur gear 47 on the shaft 46 gears with the said pinion 40. A bevel pinion 48 on the shaft 46 gears with la bevel gear 49 secured to a longitudinal shaft 50 supported in the bearings 29 near the right hand ends 51 of the frames 20 and 21. On one end of the shaft 50 is fastened a sprocket wheel 52, and a similar wheel 53 is fastened to one end of the drum shaft 32. A sprocket chain 54 connects the wheels 52 and 53. A disk 56 is eccentrically fastened on the shaft 46 and coacts with the strap 57, that has extending therefrom the strap rod 58. A bracket with the forked end 61 extends from the frame 20. A fulcrum pin 62 ex* tending through the strap 58 is pivoted in the forked end 61. A pivot 63 extends through the strap 58 below the fulcrum pin 62 and supports one end of the double ended forked link 64. The other end of the link 64 is pivoted by means of the pivot 65 to one member 66 of a shaft thrust coupling. A recess is formed in said member for the packing ring 67. An accompanying member 68 of the coupling is bolted, by means of the bolts 69, to said member 66. A recess for the packing ring 70 is formed in the member 68, and a flange 71 on the drum shaft 32 extends between the packing rings 67 and 70. A forked link 75 with the forked end 76 is pivoted on a pivot 77 extending through the upper end of the strap rod 58.

A second housing, comprising the semiring-shaped frames 78 with the tie bolts 79, is located between the frames 2O and 21. Bearings 80 extend from the lower ends of the frames 78 and are slidably supported on the tie guide bolts 24, 25.V A bearing 81 extends from the upper end of each of the frames 78 and is supported on the tie guide bolt 23. Lugs 82 on one of the frames 78 carry the pivot 83 which latter supports one end of the link 75. Guide openings 85 are located in the frames 78, with their longitudinal axes in radial directions of the said frames. Journal bearings 86 are supported in the lower ends of said openings 85. Springs 87 bear on journal bearings 86V and their lower ends encircle bosses 88 extending from said bearings. Screws 89 having the hand wheels 90 extend through threaded openings in the frames 78 over the openings 85. Shouldered portions 91 of the screws 89 register with openings in the spring caps 92, that bear on the springs 87. Roll shafts 95 parallel with each other and the drum shaft 32 are each journaled in a pair of opposite accompanying bearings 86. Crushing rolls 96 are fastened to the shafts 95 and have formed on their outer surfaces the parallel grooves 97. Pyramidal scrapers 100 are located between the accompanying lower portions of the cylindrical faces of the rolls 96. The scrapers have formed therewith the pivot ends 101, that extend through openings 102 in the frames 78. A pair of Alinks 103 are pivoted to each of the bearings 86, and the lower ends of the two links on accompanying bearings support the pivot ends 101 of the said scrapers 100. Helical springs 104 have each one end 105 fastened to one of said pivot ends 101 and the other end 106 is hooked into an opening of one of said links 103, to force the scrapers 100 against the cylindrical surfaces of the crushing rolls 96.

To operate the invention power is transmitted to the driving pulley 39. The driving shaft 38 is turned with the rotations of said pulley, and by means of the pinion 40 and spur gear 47 rotation is transmitted to the side shaft 46. The bevel pinion 48 and bevel gear 49 transmit rotation from the shaft 46 to the longitudinal shaft 50. The shaft 50 by means of the sprocket wheels 52, 53 and sprocket chain 54 transmits rotation to the drum shaft 32. The side shaft 46, by means of the disk 56, oscillates the strap 57 and thereby the strap rod 58 is caused to oscillate on the fulrcum pin 62. The oscillations of the strap rod 58 causes the drum shaft 32 to axially reciprocate while turning, through the intervention of the link 64 and the thrust coupling with the members 66 and 68. The flange 71 of the shaft 32 axially locks the said shaft with said coupling, and permits said shaft to rotate. There is therefore communicated a combined motion of rot-ation and axial reciprocation to the main crushing drum 33. The pivot 77 through the forked link 75 transmits reciprocating translation to the second housing for the crushing rolls 96, which latter are turned as described below, thereby also receiving a combined motion of rotation and axial reciprocation. The pivots 63 and 77 being on opposite sides of the fulcrum pin 62, the directions of translations of the main crushing drum 3 3 and the rolls 96 are opposite to each other.

The material to be decorticated is fed to the machine in any of the usual ways between the crushing drum 33 and the lower crushing roll 96 on the left hand end of the machine. The drum carries the material against the lower surfaces of the rolls, which turn by virtue of the material bearing between their surfaces and the surface of the drum. The scrapers 100 are forced to bear against the surfaces of the rolls somewhat above their lowest portions, which prevents vsprings is controlled by the hand wheels 90.

Having described my invention what I desire to secure by Letters Patent and claim is:

1. In a decorticating machine the combi-V nation of a main housing, a drum shaft journaled therein, a crushing drum on said shaft, a second housing partially encircling the crushing drum and slidably connected up with the main housing, rolls j oui-naled in the second housing, a side shaft journaled to the main housing, means between the side shaft and drum shaft to transmitrotation from the former to the latter, an oscillating strap rod connected up with the side shaft, a fulcrum pin for said rod, a connecting element connecting a pivot on one side of the fulcrum pin and the second housing, and a second element connecting a pivot on the other side of the fulcrum with the said drum shaft.

2. In a decorticating machine the combination of a crushing drum, crushing rolls journaled adjacent to the cylindrical surface of the drum, scrapers located bet-Ween the lower portions of the accompanying surfaces of the rolls, and flexible means to maintain the scrapers in operative position against the rolls.

3. In a decorticating machine the combination of a main housing, a drum shaft] ournaled in the housing, a crushing drum on the shaft, a second housing partially encircling the crushing drum and having openings therein, bearings in said openings, crushing rolls connected up with said bearings, links pivoted on each opposite side of each bearing, scrapers between each pair of crushing rolls supported at opposite ends by a pair of said links, a spring on each scraper with one end thereof fastenedthereto and the other end fastened to one of the links supporting the scraper.

4. In a decorticating machine the combination of a main housing, a drum shaft rotatably and slidably supported in the housing, a main crushing drum fastened to the drum shaft, a second housing slidably ccnnected up with the main housing, a plurality of crushing rolls journaled in the second housing encircling the main crushing drum so as to decorticate material between the surface of the crushing drum and the surfaces of the crushing rolls, a side shaft ournaled to the main housing, means connected lup between the side shaft and the drum shaft to transmit rotation from the former to the. latter, and means connected up between the side shaft and the drum shaft and also the second housing to reciprocate the drum shaft and the said second housing during the rotations of the drum shaft, and flexible adjusting means to regulate the pressure of the rolls on the material being decorticated.

5. In a decorticating machine the coinbination of a Inain housing, a pair of frames for the housing, a druin shaft rotatably and slidably supported in the frames, a main crushing drum fastened to the druin shaft, grooves on the drum, guide bolts connecting the said frames, a pair of frames of a second housing slidably supported on the guide bolts, tie bolts connecting the frames of the second housing, journal bearings located in openings of the frames of the second housing, roll shafts journaled in said journal bearings, rolls fastened to said roll shafts, grooves on the rolls, a spring located in each of said openings with one end bearing on the said journal bearings, a spring cap for each spring, a screw in threaded engagement with a threaded opening in the frames of the second housing and bearing on its accoinpanying spring cap, scrapers located between the rolls and adjacent to the surface of the niain crushing druin, links with one end of each pivoted to the said ournal bearings and the other ends thereof support-ing the said Scrapers, a side shaft journaled to one of the frames of the main housing, a longitudinal shaft journaled in the frames of the inain housing, a gear on the side shaft and a gear on the longitudinal shaft, the said gears gearing with each other, a sprocket wheel on the longitudinal shaft, a sprocket wheel on the drinn shaft, a sprocket chain connecting the sprocket wheels, a disk eccentrically connected to the side shaft, a strap rod fulcruined to one of the frames of the inain housing, a strap connected with said rod coasting with said disk, a link connecting the strap rod and the second housing and a link connecting the strap and the said drum shaft.

Signed at city of Mexico, Mexico, this day of April A. D., 1909.

ELIE DELAFOND.

itnesses HORACE M. DELAFOND, G. A. GUERRA.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C.

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