US1008902A - Reflector. - Google Patents

Reflector. Download PDF

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Publication number
US1008902A
US1008902A US56184310A US1910561843A US1008902A US 1008902 A US1008902 A US 1008902A US 56184310 A US56184310 A US 56184310A US 1910561843 A US1910561843 A US 1910561843A US 1008902 A US1008902 A US 1008902A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
reflector
deposit
transparent
thin
polished
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US56184310A
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William Haehnel
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Individual
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Priority to US56184310A priority Critical patent/US1008902A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C23C28/345—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer
    • C23C28/3455—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer with a refractory ceramic layer, e.g. refractory metal oxide, ZrO2, rare earth oxides or a thermal barrier system comprising at least one refractory oxide layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
    • C04B37/02—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles
    • C04B37/023—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles characterised by the interlayer used
    • C04B37/026—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles characterised by the interlayer used consisting of metals or metal salts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12611—Oxide-containing component
    • Y10T428/12618—Plural oxides
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12882—Cu-base component alternative to Ag-, Au-, or Ni-base component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12986—Adjacent functionally defined components
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12993—Surface feature [e.g., rough, mirror]

Definitions

  • the object of this invention is to produce a reflector which is,.particularly suited for use in connection with lamps where it" will be subjected to high temperatures and to extreme and rapid changes of temperature.
  • a further object of the invention is to produce a reflector which is .not easily roken either by being subjected to inequalities of temperature or to mechanical shock, and in which, owing to the refractory character of the support for the reflecting elements, high temperatures may be employed in their preparation.
  • FIG. 1 is a face view of a reflector embodying my invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a section on the line IIII of Fig. 1.
  • An opaque refractory base of earthenware E with a White opaque vitreous glazed surface G which in the form shown is of an even concave to form a reflector suitable for an automobile lamp, carries a thin silver deposit S, and on top of .the silver. deposit a thin protecting polished deposit of a nontarnishing metal, as platinum P. Both metals. may be applied in liquid form and converted to pure metallic condition by heat. The deposits are extremely thin so that their elastic tension Will not overcome the adhesion to the support and result in their becoming detached through unequal expansion. This for successful results requires a thinness which on a transparent support would yield a poor reflection and'be' practically transparent. But, I find that upon a white opaque support a deposit of such thinness becomes suitably reflecting.
  • a reflector consisting of an earthen ware body with a glazed face bearing a polished metallic deposit which is so thin that by itself it would be transparent.
  • a reflector consisting of an "earthen Ware body with a silver deposit which 1s so thin that'by itself lazed face bearing a,
  • a reflector consisting of an earthenware body with a glazed face bearing a silver deposit which is so thin that by itself it would be transparent, and a transparent polished protecting platinum deposit.
  • a reflector consisting of a white earthenware body with a glazed face bearing a polished metallic deposit which is so thin that by itself it would be transparent.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Description

W. HAEHN-EL.
REFLECTOR. APPLICATION FILED MAY 17. 1910.
Patented Nov. 14, 1911.
Fig. 2
HM Mm m m h Afforney.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
WILLIAM HAEHNEL, NEW YORK, N. Y. i
REFLECTOR.
Specification of letters Patent. Patented Nov. 14, 1911.
' Application filed May 17, 1910. Serial No. 561,848.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, WILLIAM HAEHNEL, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of the borough of Brooklyn, in the city of New York, county of Kings, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Reflectors, of which the following is a specification.
, The object of this invention is to produce a reflector which is,.particularly suited for use in connection with lamps where it" will be subjected to high temperatures and to extreme and rapid changes of temperature.
A further object of the invention is to produce a reflector which is .not easily roken either by being subjected to inequalities of temperature or to mechanical shock, and in which, owing to the refractory character of the support for the reflecting elements, high temperatures may be employed in their preparation.
In the accompanying sheet of drawings which forms a part of this application Figure 1 is a face view of a reflector embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a section on the line IIII of Fig. 1.
An opaque refractory base of earthenware E with a White opaque vitreous glazed surface G, which in the form shown is of an even concave to form a reflector suitable for an automobile lamp, carries a thin silver deposit S, and on top of .the silver. deposit a thin protecting polished deposit of a nontarnishing metal, as platinum P. Both metals. may be applied in liquid form and converted to pure metallic condition by heat. The deposits are extremely thin so that their elastic tension Will not overcome the adhesion to the support and result in their becoming detached through unequal expansion. This for successful results requires a thinness which on a transparent support would yield a poor reflection and'be' practically transparent. But, I find that upon a white opaque support a deposit of such thinness becomes suitably reflecting.
' What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is
1. A reflector consisting of an earthen ware body with a glazed face bearing a polished metallic deposit which is so thin that by itself it would be transparent.
2. A reflector consisting of an "earthen Ware body with a silver deposit which 1s so thin that'by itself lazed face bearing a,
it would be transparent, and a transparent polished protecting deposit of a non-tarnishing metal.
3. A reflector consisting of an earthenware body with a glazed face bearing a silver deposit which is so thin that by itself it would be transparent, and a transparent polished protecting platinum deposit.
4. A reflector consisting of a white earthenware body with a glazed face bearing a polished metallic deposit which is so thin that by itself it would be transparent.
Signed by me at New York, N Y., this 16th day of May, 1910.
WILLIAM HAEHNEL.
Witnesses:
SAMUEL W. BALoH, FRANK C. COLE.
US56184310A 1910-05-17 1910-05-17 Reflector. Expired - Lifetime US1008902A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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US56184310A US1008902A (en) 1910-05-17 1910-05-17 Reflector.

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US56184310A US1008902A (en) 1910-05-17 1910-05-17 Reflector.

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2430452A (en) * 1943-01-25 1947-11-11 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Colored mirror
US2478817A (en) * 1943-07-03 1949-08-09 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Method of forming surface films by vapor coating and the article resulting therefrom
US2482054A (en) * 1944-06-24 1949-09-13 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Mirror structure having a metal to glass adherence increasing interlayer
US2810660A (en) * 1954-02-01 1957-10-22 Westinghouse Electric Corp Diffusing reflecting coating and method of preparing same
DE1020286B (en) * 1954-10-25 1957-12-05 Manfried Steinmetz reflector
US5160199A (en) * 1989-12-06 1992-11-03 Franco Berti Halogen lamp reflector including a ceramic material paraboloid light reflecting element
US9969234B2 (en) 2015-04-22 2018-05-15 Raizer Enterprises, Llc Trailer with height-adjusting axle assembly

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2430452A (en) * 1943-01-25 1947-11-11 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Colored mirror
US2478817A (en) * 1943-07-03 1949-08-09 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Method of forming surface films by vapor coating and the article resulting therefrom
US2482054A (en) * 1944-06-24 1949-09-13 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Mirror structure having a metal to glass adherence increasing interlayer
US2810660A (en) * 1954-02-01 1957-10-22 Westinghouse Electric Corp Diffusing reflecting coating and method of preparing same
DE1020286B (en) * 1954-10-25 1957-12-05 Manfried Steinmetz reflector
US5160199A (en) * 1989-12-06 1992-11-03 Franco Berti Halogen lamp reflector including a ceramic material paraboloid light reflecting element
US9969234B2 (en) 2015-04-22 2018-05-15 Raizer Enterprises, Llc Trailer with height-adjusting axle assembly

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