US1004214A - Hydraulic press. - Google Patents

Description

HYDRAULIC PRESS.

PPLIUATIQN FILED PERB, 1911.

` 110041,214. Patented spn 26,1911.

1 o K BHBETB-BHEBT 1- g o o A@ J. STBHLIN. y HYDRAULIC RBss.

APPLICATION FILED 1113.6. 1911.

Patented sep1;.26,f1911.

J. STEHLIN.

HYDRAULIC PRESS.

APPLxoATIoN FILED Hum. 1911.

Patented Sept. 26, 1911.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

effen/eey J. STEHLIN.

HYDRAULIC PBEgS. APPLIoATIoN FILED rmLe, 1911.

l Y'1,004,214 Patented sept. 1911.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

afford/rey.

- l UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEIoE.

JOSEPH STEHLIN, F NEW YORK, N. Y.

' for instance, as wet HYDRAULIC PRESS.

Specification of Letters Patenti Patented Sept. 26, 1911.

Application led February 6, 1911. Serial N o. 606,684.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, JOSEPH STEHLIN, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Manhattan, borough, city, county, and State of New York, have invented ce'rtain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Presses, of which thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description.

This'invention relates to an improvement .in presses, but more particularly toa press for acting upon compressible material, such grains, flaxseed or'any vother material.

The chief object of my invention is to provide a press by which water can be pressed from wet grain more completely y than with the presses now in use.

- To provide a powerful press for the above named purpose, -I have embodied the principle of the hydraulicy ram in a suitable form for the purpose of compressing the Wet grains and thereby force the greater part of the water or moisture therefrom.

I will now proceed to describe ,my invention in detail, the novel features of which I will nally claim, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,'forming part hereof, wherein:

Figure 1 is .a longitudinal central sec-v tional view' of a press .embodying .my improvements, certain parrts .being shown 1n I elevation; Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional View, the sections being ,taken on a line a-a in Fig. l; Fig. 3 is a 4face View of one of the auxiliary pistons, or movable abutments, which form part of my. improve- -.ment, the piston rod being shown in section, the `section beingtaken on a line-b--b in Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is an'enlarged vertical sectional detail view, partly 1n elevation, of

. the controlling valve mechanism for the 'l hydraulic rams; Fig. 5 is an enlar ed sec tional detail view of a modified orm of master piston; Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the hydraulic circuit which forms part of my improvement; Fig. l7 is a longitudinal central sectional detail View, illustrating my improvement embodiedV in anotherjform; and Fig. 8 is an enlarged ver- .ticall sectional View of vthe two-way relief valve'employed in the form 'of press illustrated in'Fig.l` 7.

Referring to the drawings, particularly to Fig. 1, one of the elements of my improved press consists of a cylinder or receptacle for 21, I cover the plate 20 with a the material to be ressed, which is indicated by 1, the sai rece tacle beingprovided with an inlet 2 and) an outlet 3, the outlet 3 being considerably o ut of alinement with the inlet 2, as can be seen. Any well known means may-be employed vfor in troducing the material into the receptacle 1,

in this instance, a chute 4 through which the material can flow by gravity. Another element of my improved press consists of a master piston 5 which is adapted for reciprocation in said cylinder or receptacle l. In thisinstance the master piston 5 is made up of two sections 6 and 7 secured together, the faces of'said sections being covered or protected by a disk `8 (one only being shown) preferably made from acid proof material.l Thecylinder '1 is also preferably lined by a bushin 9 made from some acid proof material.. s can be seen in Fig. 1, each section of the master piston 5 carries a piston rod l0 which is threaded on its outer end as at 11, one only being shown completely. To the threaded end of each piston rod is secured asupplemental ram piston 12. The free end 4of one piston'12 enters a ram 'cylinder 13,'while the other enters a ram cylinder 13. Suitable means will be employed to render the fitting of the said ram pistons andl cylinders, at the points 14,I liquid tight.v Further elements of my improved press consist of the auxiliary pistons or movable abutments 15 which are perforated as at 16 (one only being shownin detail) to plrmit of the passage of liquid therethroug Each auxiliary piston or abutment is secured to an auxiliary ram 17,

one of which works in an auxiliary ram cylinder 18, and the other in an `auxiliary ram cylinder 18a. A liquid tight connection at the points 19 will be `rnade by any of a number of well known expedients.

To protect the face of the auxiliary pistons 15, I cover the same with a plate 20, perforated `as at 21, the said plate being `made out of an acid proof material. To

prevent the material under treatment from eing pressed through the openin s 16 and e mesh screen 22. f

As can be seen in'Fig. 1, the auxiliary ram piston 17 is recessed or channeled as at 23, the said channel having in communication therewith an outlet pipe 24, through which any liquid vthat mayy be forced through the openings 16 and into the I Vso when the valve in the casing 29 is closed the channel 23 can escape. Each piston 17 is provided with the said channel 23 and outlet pipe 24, although only one is shown.

Under and adjacent each outlet 3, Il position adellector or damper 25 pivotedas at 26 to (in this instance) the cylinder or receptacle 1. The dampers 25 are connected v by links 27 to rockerarms 28, which in turn are actuated by the movable abutments or.

auxiliary pistons 15. The function of the said rocker-arms is to operate controlling` valves in the casings 29 and 31 for the ram cylinders 13 and the controlling valves mounted in the casings 30 and 32,' for the auxiliary ram cylinders 18. The valves in the casings 29 and 30 are actuated by a connecting link 32, and, therefore, operate in unison, which link in turn is connected by a link 33 with the adjacent rocker-arm 28. The valves in the casings 31 and 32" are likewise connected to their adjacent rocker.- arm 28 by the links 34 and. 35. The links 33 and 35 ,are removably connected to their rocker-arms 28, they being slotted as at4 36,

lin order that they can be moved upwardly and away from the rocker arm pins 37, for a purpose to be hereinafter explained.

Notwithstanding that the valves operated by the rocker arms 28 are operated in unison they are oppositely positioned, that is to say,

valve in the casing 30 will be opened to the d relief position. Y

The line of pipe in which the valve casing 29 is located is a feed-line-38 for the ram piston 12, which operates the master piston 5 toward the right in Fig. 1, while the valve casing 31 is located in a feed line 39 for the ram cylinder 13a which operates the master piston 5 toward the left.' The valve in the casing 30 controls the flow of liquid from,

the ram cylinder, 13 to the auxiliary ram cylinder 18. The liquid ows through the pipe 40 and valve casing 41. The valve in the casing 32 controls the iow of liquid from the ram cylinder 13=1 to the auxiliary ram cylinder 18a. The liquid flows through the pipe 42 and valve casing 43. Pipes 44 and 45, which connect the valve casings 30 and of connecting a cylinder 46 on the valve casing 41 and a cylinder 47 on the valve casing 43 with the feed lines 38 and 39 respectively,

rconnected to a check valve 49 in the casings j 41 and 43. The valve casing 41 is connected tothe auxiliary ram cylinder 18 while the v valve casing 43 is connected to the auxiliary ram cylinder 18a by the pipesy 50 and 51 re? spectively. The hydraulic circuits Vfrom the feed lines 38 and 39 vto the ram cylinders 18,

18 including the valves are indicated in a general way by A and B respectively.

By referring to Fig. 6 it will be seen that the lines 38 and 39 are connected by a line pipe 52, which in turn is connected by a pipe line 53 to a'main 54, one end of which is connected to a suitable pump device 55 and the other end to a condenser or equalizer 56. The employment of a power pump and condenser is a Well known combination in the. hydraulic art, the function of the condenser 56,. which comprises a cylinder' 57 and weighted piston 58, being to produce a steady pressure upon thev movable elements of the devices upon which the power is eX- erted. The pump 55draws liquid from a tank or collector 59, through a pipe line 60. Each valve'casing 30 and l32 has Aleading therefrom a relief pipe 61, whichleads to the collector l59. ln Fig. 6 the valves have been omitted.

rlhe cylinder 18 has leading therefrom an exhaust or relief pipe line 62, having a check valve 63 adapted to open and allow liquid to flow from the said cylinder, but to prevent liquid from being forced into said cylinder. The cylinder 18a is likewise provided with an exhaust or relief pipe 64 having a check valve 65 adapted to perform the same function as the check valve 63 in the pipe line 62. The pipe lines'62 and 64 are connected by a common conductor 66, which in turn is connected by a-line 67 with a pressure determining valve cage 68, the said cage being connected, by a pipe line 69 with a collector 59. Liquid is prevented from flowing from the line 67 to the collector 59, Iuntil the pressure* upon the pistons 17 has reached a predetermined point, by a valve 70, which is held down by a lever 71 carrying an adjustable weight 72. ,l

As can be seen in Fig. 1 the cylinders 18 and 18a are connected together by a pipe line 73 which in turn is connected by a pipe line 74'to tafrelatively small condenser or equaliizer 75 similar to the, condenser 57. The

condenser 75 is connected to the pipe line 54 v by a valve controlled pipe line 76. y

In the pipe line 73 are placed check yalv'es 77 and 78 which are adapted to allow liquid to ow into' thecylinders 18, 18, but to prevent flow therefrom. 4The function of the condenser 75 is to keep the cylinders 18, 18L filled with liquid. The reason/ for such a provision will be hereinafter setforth. To collect lthe pressed material, I provide a collecting device 79 consisting of ascentral channel 80 for liquid, provided/.with a screen 81 and the receptacles 82 and 83, adjacent thereto for the pressedmaterial.

By referring to Fig. 4, it will be seen that the valve cage' 29 contains a valve 84 and:

the cage 30 altwo-way valve 85, provided j to be p ressed, on one side material being located out of which serves as a lay-(pass for a purpose to be hereinafter explaine j From the foregoing description it Kwill be apparent that my improved press is deslgned to compress material -by means of hydraulic power, it being especially adapted to compress o`r force liquid from wet material. As my improved; press is particularly ladapted for use in connection with wet grain, I will, in the description of the operation of the press, refer to wet grain.

In order that the press may perform work during every minute of its operation, I ar- J,range the said press in such manner as to permit of the'introduction of the materia] y of the master piston, while work is being done on the opposite side thereof, the'outlet for the 4pressed alinement with the inlet and at a position in the wall of the cylinder, or receptacle, for the material corresponding to the end of the working stroke of the master piston, so that as the master piston commences a.. return working stroke thevpressed material will drop through into the outlet. As the grain, aftery it has been pressed, will be more or less caked, I prefer to provide some means for severing the caked material to separate it, in order that it will more readily fall into the outlet. As herein illustrated, I have shown a cutting blade 88, one on each piston.l5 (see-Figs. 1 and 3), which, as the pistons 5 and 15 approach each other, will cut its way into the material and prevent the'said material from caklng 1nto one mass. As can be seen in Fig.

2, the outlets 3 in the cylinder or receptacle 1 are of a sufficient area to permit of the dropping out of the has been pressed. f

While the material is under pressure, the liquid therein will flow through a screen 22 and openings. 16 andv 21 ina piston 15. thence out through an outlet pipe 24. As considerable pressure upon the material is exerted some of the liquid may be forced between a` piston 15 and bushing 9. In this event the said liquid will ,flow through an outlet 3 and onto that damper or baffle plate 25 which may at the time be in its raised position. The-liqilid which may fall upon the said baffle or damper will run off and into the channel 80 through the screen 81. Any small quantityv of grain thatmay lfind its .Way with they liquid will remain on the screen 81 and may be removed therefrom by any suitable means. When the material has been pressed as thoroughly as possible and carried to the proper outlet 3, the damper under the said outlet Will lower and allow the material to fall into its adjacent eollector.

A s illustratedy in Flg. 1, the master plston the receptacle.

ment of the pistons 15,

arms o erate ythe valves 84 and pressed material after it- 5 and auxiliary 15,l on the right, have just completed. a workingstroke, the compressed material being indicated by 89. The material to be pressed is illustrated as falling into It may here be stated that the are' actuated by the move- While said pistons are finishing a return stroke. The rocker- V 85 (Fig. 4)

as has' een stated. Just before a piston 15 reaches the end of its stroke it will contact the arm 90 of its adjacent rocker-arm `28.

lVhile the said piston is finishing its stroke the valves.controlling'the action of the said piston and master piston will be operated to stop further action ofthe piston 15 and to reverse the movement of the master piston 5 in order that the fresh material, that has been deposited, can be pressed.

By referring to Fig. 4, the relative position of the valves 84 and 85 will be seen; in

other words, when a valve 84 for the eylin? der 1'3 or 13a is closed the valve 85 for a cylinder 18 or 18a will bein a position to put a cylinder 18 or 18min communication with a relief pipe 61. I

As the piston 15, on the right in Fig.l 1,

rocker-,arms 28 has completed its stroke and moved the ad- .y

jacent rocker-arm 28, the Valve 84 in the cage 31 will be open and the valve 85, inthe cage 32", thrown vto put the cylinder 47 in communication with ythe feed pipe 39. The position of the valves 84 and 85, referred to when the said piston 15 has completed its stroke, will be the reverse ofthe valves 84 and 85 in the cages 29 and 30, illustrated inl Fig. 4. 'As the rocker-arms 28 are connected by a link 91, consequently the valves for the cylinders 13, 13n and 18 and 18a will always be reversely positioned relative to each other. Theopening ofthe valve 84 in the feed line 39, as above described, will allow the liquid from the pressure devices 55 and 56 to flow into the cylinder 13n and force the piston 12 therein to the left, thereby forcing the master lpiston 5 to the left and pushing the material ahead of it and toward the auxiliary piston or abutment 15 on the left in Fig. 1. As the valve 85 in the cage 321.

will be positionedvto throw the cylinder 47 in communication with the pipe line 39 the liquid under pressure will flow into said cylinder 47 and forcethe piston therein (48 in Fig. 4) downwardly, whereby the valve 49 (in Fig. 4) lwill close the plpe 42. As the pressure upon the said piston 48 from above and the pressure upon the valve 49 from below will be equalized, the said valve 49 will remainseated. When the' piston 5 draws away from the auxiliary piston 15 the pressed material will fall into the outlet 3 adjacent thereto and finally-into the receiver 83.

As the master iston travels towardthe left under the in uence of the pressure on y the'right 4some of the liquid in the cylinder 13 will flow through the pipe 40 into the valve cage 41, thence through the pipe 50 intothe cylinder 18.

auxiliary ram cylinder 17 is greater than" into the cylinder 18 (see Fig. 4). As the valve 84, is. closed andl as the valve 85 has been moved to throw the cylinder 46 in communication with the relief 61, the pres- 'sure upon the top' of the piston 48 will be released and the valve 49 opened by the pressure of the liquid in the cylinder 13, whereby liquid willlow, ashas been stated, As the area of the v but at a much slower speed. After the inlet has been completely closed, the compressing ofthe material between the said pistons will take place. The pressure per square inch upon the material is controlled by the pressure controlling valve 70 located in the exhaust-or relief pipe lines. Even though the material is confined between the pistons 5 and 15 after the inlet has` been closed, the said pistons will continue to move toward each -other and gradually press the water from the material. For the sake of explanation, I will assume that a pressure of two hundredpounds per. square inch is desired. vConsequently I set the weight 72to exert a pressure, corresponding to two hundred pounds per square inch, vupon the valve 70.

IWhen the pressure upon the auxiliary piston 17 reaches two hundred pounds per square inch, or rather slightly more than two hundred pounds per square inch, t-he valve 70 will open, thereby relieving the pressure upon the piston 17.a As soonas the pressure is released the'continued movement of the master piston 5 will force the piston 15 ahead of it, together with the pressed material, and toward the outletv 3 adjacent the left' end of the cylinder orreceptacle 1. As the piston 17 travels with the master piston 5. liquid from the cylinder 18 will continue to How into the receiver 59. Liquid will also flow from the cylinder 13 to the cylinder 18 during the said movement of the pistons, but owing to the opening of the controlling valve 70 no pressure *uponV the piston 17 will take plac'e Thepistons 5 and 15 will continue to move toward the left until the piston 15 contacts with and moves the rocker arm 28 to openv the valve 84 in' the casing 29, and'moves the valve'85 toplace the cylinder'l46 and pipe line in communication. When the piston.15 comes to rest the face of said piston will be about on a line with-the wall D of the outlet 3 on the-left of Fig. 1. As soon as the said valve-opens the pressure of theliquid liowing therethrough will force the master piston toward the right again, `and the space between the righthand face ofthe piston 5 and left hand face of the piston 15 on the leftin Fig. 1, will have lilled up with fresh material, as soon as the master piston 5 has left the inlet on the working stroke, toward othe left, previously described.

As the piston 5 moves toward the right, and when the inlet has lbeen uncovered more material will flow into the receptacle. Before the piston '5 uncoversthe said inlet the shoulder 92 of the supplemental piston 12 will contact with the Vpiston 15 -and drawi the said piston along with it. By the time that themaster piston has nished its working stroke toward the left, the piston 15 will have been caused to close the Voutlet 3.

Consequently when the bulk of. the material is introduced into the receptacle 1 none of it will prematurely escape through the outlet. Both pistons 15 are actuated by the master piston in the manner described. l

When a piston -17 'comes to a state of rest over an inlet 3, the space in its cylinder 18 or 18a will not be lled with liquid owing to the exhausting process, above described, but owing to the provision of the auxiliary condenser 7 5 liquid will be forced into the partially depleted cylinder, whereby the said cylinders are always kept filled and no time will be lostin filling up the cylinder when a working stroke commences.

Should I desire to move the pistons, for cleaning purposes or for any other reason, slightly, I move the'slotted ends of the links 33 and 35 away from the pins on the rocker arms 28 and close the valves in the casings 29 and 31'. After having done this, I allow the liquid under pressure to pass through the .valve controlled by-passes 93a.

The form of press illustrated in Fig. 7 coi-nprises a cylinder or receptacle 93, having a movable master piston 94 and an auxiliary piston or abutment 95. The piston 94 carries a piston rod 96 having a head 97 adapted towork in a ram cylinder 98. VThe-auxiliary piston 95 is provided with a piston rod 99 adapted Ito work in an auxiliary ram cylinder 10.0. The .rodV 99 is provided with al head 101. In this instance, the piston rod 96 is bored as at 102and has la shoulder 103 adapted to contact with a head 104 on a supplemental rod 105 on the pistonv 95.V Material is introduced into the receptacle 93 ,byl 125 provided with an ot et 107 infveommunicaa chute 106, the said receptacle being also tion with a collector 1018, having a channel 109 for liquid and a receiver 110 for' the."

pressed material.

Liquid is'suppiied to ultram cylinder 9sv 13ovalve 127, connects the pipe line 124 with the ton 95 by the tween the pistons 94 under and adjacent. to the outlet 107, the

as the 'function of the i oppositely disposed, that is to say, when one the piston head 97 and relief pipe 122. During the return stroke of the piston94, which isan idle stroke, the piston 95 is moved past the outlet 107 as shown.

Fig. 5 illustratesa form of piston which I may use instead of the piston 5 in Fig. l,

through feed lines 111 and 112 cross connected bya pipe line 113, a three-way valve easing 114 (see Fig. 8) being included in the pipe line 113. -The valves in the feed lines 111 and 112 are operated together by means of a link 115, which also operates the threeway valve 116 in the casing 114. The link the said piston being hollow as at 131 to 115 is connected to the rocker arms 117 and form a chamber, having a channel 132 in 118 by a link 119. A damper 120 is placed communication therewith, 'an outlet 133 being provided. This form of piston is perforated as at 134. This for mof piston is to provide an increased escape for liquid. At the completion ofthe idle stroke, the position of the valves in the lines 111 and 112 and-the valve 116 will be reversed by the movement of the rocker-arm 117.

Having now described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:--

1. A press comprising a plurality of pistons, meansl adapted to introduce material between said pistons, a hydraulic device adapted to force said other, and means adapted to cause said pistons to travel in the .same directions when the pressure upon one .of said pistons has reached a predeterminedpoint.

A press comprising a plurality of pistons, means adapted to introduce material between-said pistons, a pressure exerting device adaptcd to force said pistons toward each other, and means adapted to cause said pistons to travel in the same directions when the pressure upon one of said pistons has reached a predetermined` point.

3. A press comprising a receptacle for material, a master piston within said rece tacle, an auxiliary piston also within sald receptacle, means adapted to actuate said master piston, means actedupon by` said master piston adapted to actuate said auxiliary piston and means adapted to introduce material between said pistons.

4. A press comprising a' receptacle for material, a master piston within said receptacle, an auxiliary piston also Within said said damper being operated by the rocker arm 118 by means of a connecting link 121kv The function of the damper 121 is the same damper's 25.

Th 112, 111 are e valves in the feed lines is open the other is closed. As herein illustrated, the valve in t-he line 111 is open and the three-Way valve 116 positioned'to open communication between the space e ahead of the piston 97 and a relief pipe line 122.

To keep the space Fl ahead of the auxiliary piston 99 filled with liquid, I have, in this instance, shown a tank 123, ywhich is connected by a pipe line 124, and a valve controlled inlet pipe 125, with theauxiliary cylinder 100. A by-pass 126, having a check said cylinder.

The valve 128 which controls the flow of liquid from the cylinder 100 is weighted and is set to open only when a predetermined pressure has been exerted on the pispiston 94. The check valve 127 permits liquid to flow from the tank 123 to the cylinder 100 to relill the same, when the piston 99 is drawn aheadby the piston 94, after a working stroke has been completed. As herein illustrated, the piston 94 is starting a Working stroke, the space beand 95 being supposedly lled with material. As the piston 94 travels forwardly the material in the receptacle will be placed under pressure after the said piston has closed the inlet. Afterv the inlethas, been closed both pistons 94 and 95 will travel together until the head 101 on the piston 99 .closes the opening to the outlet 129, which is normally 'closed by a weighted valve 130, which prevents the liquid from escapingtoo rapidly during the movement of the said piston 95. When the outlet 12.9 has been closed, the piston 95 will cease moving and will remain stationary until the pressure thereupon reaches a predetermine point, at which time the valve 128 will open. When the valve 128 opens the piston 95 will again travel with the piston 94, the liquid flowing intof the tank 123, until the material has been brought over the outlet 107, at. which times the rocker arm 118 will have been moved to open the valve in the line 112s close the valve in the line 111, and cause the two-Way valve 114 to o en communication between the space hGr, behind actuate said master p iston, a hydraulic de` vice actuated by said master piston adapted to operate said auxiliary piston, and means adapted to introduce material between said pistons.

5. A press comprising a receptacle having an inlet for material and also an outlet therefor, a master piston within said rece tacle, an auxiliary piston also within lsald receptacle, said movement toward each other, said outlet being normally closed by said auxiliary piston, means adapted to introduce material between said pistons, fneans adapted to force said master piston towardv said auxiliar piston, means adapted to force' said auxi y iary piston towardsaid master piston, and away froml said outlet, and meansV adapted pistons toward each.y

receptacle, a hydraulic device adapted to pistons being adapted .for

4reached a predetermined point.

6. A press comprisinga receptacle having an inlet forv material and also an outlet therefor, a master piston within said receptacle, an auxiliary piston also within said receptacle, said pistons being adapted for movement toward each other, said outlet being normally closed by said auxiliary piston, means adapted to introduce material between said pistons, a hydraulic device adapted to force said master piston toward said auxiliary piston, a hydraulic devi'ce adapted to force said auxiliary piston. toward said master piston, and away from said outlet, and means adapted to cause said pistons to move in'unison toward said outlet when the pressure has reached a predetermined Point c 7. A press comprising a receptacle having an inlet for material and an outlet therefor, a movable abutment normally closing said outlet, a piston within said receptacle adapted for Amovement toward sai/d abutment, means adapted to introduce material between said piston and said abutment, means adapted to force said piston .toward -said abutment, and means adapted to-cause said abutment to uncover said outlet when the pressure has reached'a predetermined point.

8. A press comprising a receptacle having .an inlet for material and an outlet therefor,

a` movable abutment normally closing said outlet,

a piston within said receptacle i 'v vadapted 'for movement toward said abutment, means :adapted to introduce mav to introduce material in said receptacle terial between said piston and said abutment, a hydraulic device adapted to force said piston toward said abutment, and means adapted to cause said abutment to uncover said outlet when the pressure has.

reached a predetermined point.

'9. A press comprising a receptacle having an inlet for material and an outlet therefor, a movable closure for said outlet, a movable piston within said receptacle, means adapted between saidpiston and said closure, means adapted to force said piston toward said closure, and means adaptedv to automatically move said `closure away from said 'outlet when'the pressure has reached a predetermined point.

10. A press 'comprising a receptacle having an inlet for material and an outlet therefor, a movable closure for said outlet, means adapted to introduce material into saidreceptacle, means adapted to exert pressure upon said material, and means adapted to- 11. Apress comprising a receptacle, means for, a piston adapted -tion in said ram cylinder,

adapted to introduce material into said receptacle, a device adapted to compress said material, a hydraulic device adapted to actuate said compressing device and means adapted to automatically release the pressure upon said material when said pressure has reached a predetermined point.

12. A press comprising a receptacle having an inlet for material, a piston adapted for reciprocation in said receptacle, a per- 1 foratedabutment within ,said receptacle also adapted for reciprocation, .said receptacle being provided with an outlet for said material, said outlet being normally closed for the passage of material by said abutment, means adapted to introduce materialbetween said piston and said abutment, means adapted to force said piston and said each other, and means adapted tofpermit said piston and said abutment to -move toward said outlet simultaneously after the pressure upon said abutment has reached a predetermined point.

13. A press comprising a-receptacle having an inlet for materialiand an outlet therefor, ka piston adapted for reciprocation in said receptacle,"means adapted to reciprocate said piston,

cation, means adapted to introduce material between said piston and said abutment, means adapted to force said pistonand said abutment`toward each' carried by said abutment, said screen being placed over thelperforations in said abutment. y 1 l' l l 14. A press comprising a receptacleA having an inlet for materialv and an outlet therefor reciprocation in' said receptacle, means adapted to reciprocate said piston, a movable perforatedfabutment in saidreceptacle also adapted for reciprocation,fmeans adapted to introduce material between said piston and said abutment, means adapted to .force said piston and said abutment toward "each other, and a severing device carried by said abutment.

15. A-press comprising a receptacle provided with an outlet, a plurality of pistons within said receptacle, means for introducing material into said receptacle and between` said pistons, means adapted to force said pistons toward each other at different speeds, and means .adapted to permitsaid pistons to be moved simultaneously toward said outlet at thesame speed when the pressure upon said Amaterial has reached a predetermined point.

16. A press comprising a receptacle, a master piston within said receptacle, an auxiliary piston also in said receptacle, a hydraulic ram cvlinder, a piston rod'carried by said master piston adapted for reciprocameans actuated by the pressure in said ram cylinder adapted abutment toward g a'movable perforated abutment in said receptacle also adapted for recipro other, and a screen and means adapted to introduce material between said pistons.

17. A press comprising a receptacle, a master piston within said receptacle, an auxiliary piston also in said receptacle, a hydraulic'ram cylinder, a piston rod carried by said master piston adapted for reciprocation in said ram cylinder, means actuated by the pressure in said ram cylinder adapted to force said auxiliary piston toward said master piston, a hydraulic device adapted to force said master piston toward said auxiliary piston, and means adapted to introduce material between said pistons.

18. A press comprisimglr a receptacle, a master piston Within said receptacle, an auxiliary piston also in said receptacle, a hydraulic ram cylinder, a piston rod carried by said master piston adapted for reciprocation in said ram cylinder, means actuated by the pressure in said ram cylinder ad aptcd to force said auxiliary piston toward said master p'iston, means adapted to force said masterA piston toward .said auxiliary piston, means adapted to introduce material between said pistons, and means adapted to release the pressure upon said auxiliary pise ton When said mined point. f

19. A press comprising a receptacle, a piston adapted for reciprocation within said receptacle, a4 plurality of hydraulic rams adapted for alternate actuation adapted to reciprocate said piston, abutments carried by said receptacle, means adapted to introduce material alternately on each side of said piston and between said piston and said abutments, and automatic means adapted to pressure reaches a 4predeter- .control the' actuation of said rams.

20. A press comprising a receptacle, a master piston Within said receptacle, a hydraulic device adapted to actuate said pis- ,-ton, a supplemental ram cylinder, means adapted toconvey liquid to said cylinder, a piston rod operated by said master piston v adapted to Work in said ram cylinder, an

auxiliary ram cylinder in communication with said supplemental cylinder, a piston in said auxiliary cylinder, an auxiliary piston mounted in said receptacle and adapted for operationy by said auxiliary piston, and means adapted to control the How of liquid from said supplemental to 'said 'auxiliary cylinder.

21. A press comprising a receptacle, a master piston Within said receptacle, a hydraulic device adapted vto actuate said piston, a-supplemental ram cylinder, means adapted to convey liquid t0 said cylinder, a pistonv rod. operated by said master piston adapted to work in said ram cylinder, 'an auxlllary ram cyllnder 1n commumcation said sul'iplemental to said auxiliary cyllnder and means adapted to permit the escape o some of the liquid from said auxiliary cylinder when the pressure therein reaches a predetermined' point.

2Q. A press comprising a receptacle, a master piston within-said receptacle, a hydraulic device adapted to actuate said piston7 a supplemental ram cylinder, means adapted to convey liquid to saidcylinder, a piston rod operated by said master piston adapted to work in said ram cylinder, an auxiliary yram cylinder in communication with said supplemental cylinder, a piston in said auxiliary cylinder, an auxiliary piston mounted inl said receptacle and adapted for operation by said auxiliary piston, means adapted to control the flow of liquid from said supplemental to said auxiliary cylinder, means adapted to permit the escape of some ot the liquid from said auxiliary cylinder when the pressure therein reaches a predetermined point, and means adapted to refillV said auxiliary cylinder after the liquid therein ceases to lflow therefrom. 95

23. A lpress comprising a receptacle for material, a piston adapted to work in said receptacle7 means adapted to operate said piston, said receptacle being provided with an outlet, apcollector for said material, a liquid duct mounted adjacent thereto, amovable damper mounted adjacent said outlet, normally covering-said collector, and in communication with said liquid duct, and means adapted to move said damper out of communication with said liquid duct and toward said collector, when said piston has reached a predetermined point of its stroke.

24. A press comprising a receptacle having an inlet thereto and an outlet therefrom, out of alinement one with the other, a plurality of pistons within said receptacle, means adapted to introduce material between said pistons, means adapted to force said pistons toward each other until thepressure upon the material has reached a certain predetermined point, and means adapted to permit said pistons to travel together after said pressure has reached vsaid certain point, and means adapted to cause 'said Apistonsto come to rest when the material therebetween has reached a `point in alinement with said outlet.

25. A press comprising a'receptacle having an inlet'theretojand an outlet therefrom, 125 out ofalinement one with the other, a plurality of pistons Within said receptacle, means adaptedv to introduce material between said pistons, means adapted to force said pistons toward each other until the pressure upon the material has reached a upon the material has l reached a certainl certain predetermined point, means adapted point, until the limit of the strokeo the to permit said pistons to travel together master piston has been reached.`

after said pressure has reached said certain 27. A press comprising a plurality of hypoint, a collector for said material, a liquid draulically operated coperating pressing duct mounted adjacent thereto, a movable devices, a main hydraulic feed adapted ,to damper mounted adjacent said outlet noroperate one of 4said pressing devices, an

mally covering said collector and in comauxiliary hydraulic device adapted, to operk y munication With said liquid duct, and means ate the other of said pressing devices, and adapted to move said damper out of Commeans controlled by the movement of the munication with said liquid duet and toward pressing'device rst named adapted to cause said collector, when said pistons come to said auxiliary hydraulicl devices to operate.v

rest. 28. -A press comprising a receptacle for 26. A press comprising a receptacle, for material, a pressing device Within said rematerial, a master piston adapted for, receptacle `adapted for a predetermined Inove- `ciprocation mounted Within said receptacle, ment, a hydraulic device adapted to operate a hydraulic device adapted to continuously said pressing device, means adapted to aureciprocate said piston, an auxiliary piston ytoniatically lower the pressure lupon said also mounted in said receptacle,y means .material When said pressing device'- has adapted to introduce material between said reached a predetermined point of its move-- pistons, means adapted to cause said pistons ment. J

' to travel in the same' direction for a certain Signed at New York city, 'N Y. this 3 day period of the stroke of the master piston, of February, 1911.

means adapted to cause said auxiliary piston y JOSEPH. STEHLIN. to come to rest When said period has been Witnesses: reached, and means adapted to cause said A EDWARD A. JARvIs,

pistons to travel together when the pressure" EsrELLE O. HAMBURGER.

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