TWM621354U - Power output mechanism for rear wheel of electric bicycle - Google Patents

Abstract

本創作之後輪動力輸出機構適用於電動自行車，其包含有一個外殼、一個馬達及一個減速單元，馬達設於外殼內且具有一個定子與一個轉子，減速單元設於外殼內且具有多個第一行星齒輪及多個第二行星齒輪，該等第二行星齒輪比該等第一行星齒輪更靠近動力輸出的位置，而且，該等第二行星齒輪的數量大於該等第一行星齒輪的數量，如此可以分散該等第二行星齒輪的受力，以降低磨耗及提高耐用性。The rear wheel power output mechanism of this creation is suitable for electric bicycles, which includes a casing, a motor and a reduction unit, the motor is arranged in the outer casing and has a stator and a rotor, and the reduction unit is arranged in the outer casing and has a plurality of first Planetary gears and a plurality of second planetary gears, the second planetary gears are closer to the position of the power output than the first planetary gears, and the number of the second planetary gears is greater than the number of the first planetary gears, In this way, the force of the second planetary gears can be dispersed, so as to reduce wear and improve durability.

Description

用於電動自行車之後輪動力輸出機構Power take-off mechanism for rear wheel of electric bicycle

本創作與電動自行車有關，特別是指一種用於電動自行車之後輪動力輸出機構。This creation is related to electric bicycles, especially a power output mechanism for rear wheels of electric bicycles.

傳統的電助力自行車是藉由騎乘者的踩踏力量搭配一個動力輸出機構(如輪毂馬達)所提供的助力而獲得前進的動力，使電助力自行車不會對騎乘者的體力造成太大的負擔，並且在休閒之餘又能達到健身的效果。The traditional electric-assisted bicycle obtains the forward power by combining the pedaling force of the rider with the assistance provided by a power output mechanism (such as a hub motor), so that the electric-assisted bicycle will not cause too much physical strength to the rider. Burden, and can achieve the effect of fitness in the leisure time.

日本特許第3939865號專利案所揭露的方案提供二階式行星齒輪組，其中在比較遠離輸出端的行星齒輪組有四個行星齒輪(以下稱為第一階行星齒輪組)，在比較靠近輸出端的行星齒輪組有三個行星齒輪(以下稱為第二階行星齒輪組)，亦即，第一階行星齒輪組的齒輪數量大於第二階行星齒輪組的齒輪數量，由於比較靠近輸出端的地方需要承受比較高的扭力，所以前述專利文獻的齒輪配置方式容易導致第二階行星齒輪組承受較大的扭力而產生較高的磨耗。The solution disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3939865 provides a two-stage planetary gear set, wherein the planetary gear set farther from the output end has four planetary gears (hereinafter referred to as the first-order planetary gear set), and the planetary gear set relatively close to the output end has four planetary gears. The gear set has three planetary gears (hereinafter referred to as the second-order planetary gear set), that is, the number of gears in the first-order planetary gear set is greater than the number of gears in the second-order planetary gear set, because it is relatively close to the output end. Therefore, the gear arrangement in the aforementioned patent document is likely to cause the second-stage planetary gear set to bear a relatively large torsional force, resulting in high wear.

本創作之主要目的在於提供一種用於電動自行車之後輪動力輸出機構，其能分散齒輪的受力，以降低磨耗及提高耐用性。The main purpose of this creation is to provide a power output mechanism for the rear wheel of an electric bicycle, which can disperse the force on the gears, so as to reduce wear and improve durability.

為了達成上述主要目的，本創作之後輪動力輸出機構包含有一個外殼、一個馬達、一根第一心軸、一根第二心軸，以及一個減速單元。該外殼具有一個非輸出端與一個輸出端；該馬達設於該外殼內且具有一個定子與一個可相對該定子轉動之轉子；該第一心軸設於該外殼之非輸出端並允許該外殼相對其轉動，且該第一心軸以其一端固接該馬達之定子；該第二心軸設於該外殼之輸出端並允許該外殼能相對其轉動；該減速單元設於該外殼內且具有一根齒軸、一個第一行星支架、一個第二行星支架、一個第一環齒輪、一個第二環齒輪、多個第一行星齒輪及多個第二行星齒輪，其中:該齒軸固設於該馬達之轉子且以同軸方式設於該第一心軸與該第二心軸之間；該第一行星支架固設於該馬達之定子；第二行星支架可轉動地設於該齒軸與該第二心軸之間；該第一環齒輪固設於該第一行星支架；該第二環齒輪固設於該外殼；該等第一行星齒輪樞設於該第二行星支架且嚙接該齒軸與該第一環齒輪，使得該等第一行星齒輪受到該齒軸驅動時會一邊自轉且一邊沿著該第一環齒輪繞著該齒軸公轉，並在公轉過程中帶動該第二行星支架轉動；該等第二行星齒輪樞設於該第一行星支架與該第二心軸之間且嚙接該第二行星支架與該第二環齒輪，使得該等第二行星齒輪受到該第二行星支架驅動時會推動該第二環齒輪，進而使該第二環齒輪帶動該外殼一起轉動，其中，該等第二行星齒輪的數量大於該等第一行星齒輪的數量。In order to achieve the above-mentioned main purpose, the rear wheel power output mechanism of this creation includes a casing, a motor, a first mandrel, a second mandrel, and a deceleration unit. The casing has a non-output end and an output end; the motor is arranged in the casing and has a stator and a rotor rotatable relative to the stator; the first spindle is arranged at the non-output end of the casing and allows the casing It rotates relative to it, and one end of the first mandrel is fixed to the stator of the motor; the second mandrel is set at the output end of the casing and allows the casing to rotate relative to it; the speed reduction unit is set in the casing and It has a pinion, a first planet carrier, a second planet carrier, a first ring gear, a second ring gear, a plurality of first planet gears and a plurality of second planet gears, wherein: the pinion is fixed The rotor is arranged on the rotor of the motor and is arranged between the first spindle and the second spindle in a coaxial manner; the first planetary carrier is fixed on the stator of the motor; the second planetary carrier is rotatably arranged on the tooth between the shaft and the second spindle; the first ring gear is fixed on the first planet carrier; the second ring gear is fixed on the casing; the first planet gears are pivoted on the second planet carrier and Meshing the pinion and the first ring gear, so that when the first planetary gears are driven by the pinion, they will rotate on their own and revolve around the pinion along the first ring gear, and drive the rotation during the revolution. The second planetary carrier rotates; the second planetary gears are pivoted between the first planetary carrier and the second spindle and engage the second planetary carrier and the second ring gear, so that the second planetary gears When the gear is driven by the second planet carrier, it pushes the second ring gear, so that the second ring gear drives the casing to rotate together, wherein the number of the second planet gears is greater than the number of the first planet gears.

由於該等第二行星齒輪比該等第一行星齒輪更靠近該外殼之輸出端，相對來說需要承受比較高的扭力。因此，該等第二行星齒輪在數量方面大於該等第一行星齒輪，如此可以分散該等第二行星齒輪的受力，以達到降低磨耗及提高耐用性的目的。Since the second planetary gears are closer to the output end of the casing than the first planetary gears, they need to bear relatively high torque. Therefore, the number of the second planetary gears is larger than that of the first planetary gears, so that the force of the second planetary gears can be dispersed, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing wear and improving durability.

較佳地，該等第一行星齒輪的數量為三個，該等第二行星齒輪的數量為四個。Preferably, the number of the first planetary gears is three, and the number of the second planetary gears is four.

較佳地，各該第一行星齒輪與各該第二行星齒輪皆以塑膠材質所製成，以達到降噪效果。Preferably, each of the first planetary gears and each of the second planetary gears are made of plastic material to achieve noise reduction.

有關本創作所提供對於後輪動力輸出機構的詳細構造、特點、組裝或使用方式，將於後續的實施方式詳細說明中予以描述。然而，在本創作領域中具有通常知識者應能瞭解，該等詳細說明以及實施本創作所列舉的特定實施例，僅係用於說明本創作，並非用以限制本創作之專利申請範圍。The detailed structure, characteristics, assembly or usage of the rear-wheel power output mechanism provided by the present creation will be described in the detailed description of the following embodiments. However, those with ordinary knowledge in the field of creation should be able to understand that these detailed descriptions and the specific embodiments listed for implementing the creation are only used to illustrate the creation, not to limit the scope of the patent application of the creation.

申請人首先在此說明，於整篇說明書中，包括以下介紹的實施例以及申請專利範圍的請求項中，有關方向性的名詞皆以圖式中的方向為基準。其次，在以下將要介紹之實施例以及圖式中，相同之元件標號，代表相同或近似之元件或其結構特徵。The applicant first explains that in the entire specification, including the embodiments described below and the claims of the scope of the patent application, the terms related to the directionality are based on the directions in the drawings. Next, in the embodiments and drawings to be introduced below, the same element numbers represent the same or similar elements or their structural features.

請參閱圖1至圖4，本創作之後輪動力輸出機構10包含有一個外殼20、一個馬達30、一根第一心軸36、一根第二心軸38，以及一個減速單元50。Referring to FIGS. 1 to 4 , the rear wheel power output mechanism 10 of the present invention includes a housing 20 , a motor 30 , a first spindle 36 , a second spindle 38 , and a reduction unit 50 .

外殼20包含有一個殼體21與一個端蓋22，端蓋22設於殼體21之右端開口且與殼體21之間形成一個用來容納前述大部分元件的容置空間23。此外，殼體21具有一個非輸出端24(如圖2所示)，端蓋22具有一個輸出端25(如圖1所示)。The casing 20 includes a casing 21 and an end cover 22 . The end cover 22 is provided at the right end opening of the casing 21 and forms an accommodating space 23 with the casing 21 for accommodating most of the aforementioned components. In addition, the housing 21 has a non-output end 24 (shown in FIG. 2 ), and the end cap 22 has an output end 25 (shown in FIG. 1 ).

馬達30設於外殼20內且具有一個定子32與一個可相對定子32轉動之轉子34。藉由一個供電源(如安裝於車架的電池，圖中未示)所提供的電力，使轉子34轉動而輸出電助力。The motor 30 is disposed in the casing 20 and has a stator 32 and a rotor 34 rotatable relative to the stator 32 . The rotor 34 is rotated to output electric power by the electric power provided by a power supply source (such as a battery mounted on the frame, not shown in the figure).

第一心軸36設於外殼20之非輸出端24且允許外殼20能相對其轉動。第一心軸36之一端凸出於外殼20，用以跟後叉(圖中未示)作組設固定，第一心軸36以其另一端連接馬達30之定子32，使第一心軸36保持不動。The first spindle 36 is disposed at the non-output end 24 of the housing 20 and allows the housing 20 to rotate relative to it. One end of the first mandrel 36 protrudes out of the housing 20 for assembling and fixing with the rear fork (not shown in the figure). The other end of the first mandrel 36 is connected to the stator 32 of the motor 30 so that the first mandrel 36 remained motionless.

第二心軸38設於外殼20之輸出端25且允許外殼20能相對其轉動。第二心軸38之一端凸出於外殼20，除了用來跟後叉(圖中未示)作組設固定之外，還會套設一個用來跟大齒盤(圖中未示)作組裝之套筒40，第二心軸38之另一端位於外殼20內且具有一個環形端部39。The second spindle 38 is provided at the output end 25 of the housing 20 and allows the housing 20 to rotate relative thereto. One end of the second mandrel 38 protrudes out of the outer casing 20. In addition to being used for assembling and fixing with the rear fork (not shown in the figure), there is also a sleeve for attaching to the large chainring (not shown in the figure). In the assembled sleeve 40 , the other end of the second mandrel 38 is located in the housing 20 and has an annular end 39 .

減速單元50用來將轉子34所產生的電助力加以減速後再傳遞出去。如圖2至圖4所示，減速單元50設於外殼20內且具有一根齒軸51、一個第一行星支架52、一個第二行星支架53、一個第一環齒輪56、一個第二環齒輪59、多個第一行星齒輪62及多個第二行星齒輪64，其中:The deceleration unit 50 is used to decelerate the electric assist generated by the rotor 34 and then transmit it out. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 , the reduction unit 50 is arranged in the housing 20 and has a pinion 51 , a first planet carrier 52 , a second planet carrier 53 , a first ring gear 56 , and a second ring Gear 59, a plurality of first planetary gears 62 and a plurality of second planetary gears 64, wherein:

齒軸51以同軸方式設於第一心軸36與第二心軸38之間且固接於馬達30之轉子34，使齒軸51可受轉子34之驅動而轉動。The pinion 51 is coaxially disposed between the first spindle 36 and the second spindle 38 and fixed to the rotor 34 of the motor 30 , so that the pinion 51 can be driven by the rotor 34 to rotate.

第一行星支架52利用多根螺絲S1鎖固於馬達30之定子32，使第一行星支架52保持不動。The first planetary carrier 52 is locked to the stator 32 of the motor 30 by means of a plurality of screws S1, so that the first planetary carrier 52 remains stationary.

第二行星支架53可轉動地設於齒軸51與第二心軸38之間且具有一個環部54與一個連接環部54之齒部55，其中的齒部55以同軸方式對應於齒軸51與第二心軸38。The second planet carrier 53 is rotatably disposed between the pinion 51 and the second spindle 38 and has a ring portion 54 and a tooth portion 55 connecting the ring portion 54 , wherein the tooth portion 55 corresponds to the pinion in a coaxial manner 51 and the second mandrel 38.

第一環齒輪56設於第一行星支架52內，第一環齒輪56之外環面具有多個第一凹槽57，該等第一凹槽57的一部分被多根螺絲S2所嵌卡，另一部分則是利用多根第一銷件58與第一行星支架52固定在一起，使第一環齒輪56保持不動。The first ring gear 56 is arranged in the first planet carrier 52, and the outer ring surface of the first ring gear 56 has a plurality of first grooves 57, and a part of the first grooves 57 is inserted and locked by a plurality of screws S2, The other part is fixed together with the first planet carrier 52 by a plurality of first pins 58 to keep the first ring gear 56 stationary.

第二環齒輪59之外環面具有多個第二凹槽60，該等第二凹槽60的一部分利用多根第二銷件61與端蓋22固定在一起，使兩者能同步作動。The outer ring surface of the second ring gear 59 has a plurality of second grooves 60 , and a part of the second grooves 60 is fixed with the end cover 22 by a plurality of second pins 61 so that the two can act synchronously.

該等第一行星齒輪62在本實施例中的數量為三個，但不以此為限。該等第一行星齒輪62嚙接在齒軸51與第一環齒輪56之間且分別利用一根第一輪軸63樞設於第二行星支架53之環部54。藉此，當該等第一行星齒輪62受到齒軸51驅動時，由於第一環齒輪56保持不動，所以該等第一行星齒輪62會一邊自轉且一邊沿著第一環齒輪56繞著齒軸51公轉，並在公轉過程中帶動第二行星支架53一起作動。The number of the first planetary gears 62 in this embodiment is three, but not limited thereto. The first planetary gears 62 are engaged between the pinion 51 and the first ring gear 56 and are respectively pivoted to the ring portion 54 of the second planetary carrier 53 by a first wheel shaft 63 . Therefore, when the first planetary gears 62 are driven by the pinion 51 , since the first ring gear 56 remains stationary, the first planetary gears 62 will rotate along the first ring gear 56 while surrounding the teeth The shaft 51 revolves, and drives the second planet carrier 53 to act together during the revolving process.

該等第二行星齒輪64在本實施例中的數量為四個，但不以此為限。該等第二行星齒輪64嚙接在第二行星支架53之齒部55與第二環齒輪59之間且分別利用一根第二輪軸65樞設於第一行星支架52與第二心軸38之環形端部39之間。藉此，當該等第二行星齒輪64受到第二行星支架53之齒部55驅動時，由於第一行星支架52保持不動，所以該等第二行星齒輪64會原地自轉，並在自轉過程中推動第二環齒輪59轉動，進而使第二環齒輪59帶動外殼20相對第一心軸36與第二心軸38轉動。In this embodiment, the number of the second planetary gears 64 is four, but not limited thereto. The second planetary gears 64 are engaged between the toothed portion 55 of the second planetary carrier 53 and the second ring gear 59 and are respectively pivoted to the first planetary carrier 52 and the second spindle 38 by a second axle 65 . between the annular ends 39. Thereby, when the second planetary gears 64 are driven by the teeth 55 of the second planetary carrier 53, since the first planetary carrier 52 remains stationary, the second planetary gears 64 will rotate on the spot, and during the rotation process The second ring gear 59 is pushed to rotate, so that the second ring gear 59 drives the housing 20 to rotate relative to the first spindle 36 and the second spindle 38 .

由上述可知，本創作之後輪動力輸出機構10在運作時先由該等第一行星齒輪62進行第一階減速，接著由第二行星支架53將動力輸出至該等第二行星齒輪64，再由該等第二行星齒輪64進行第二階減速，最後再由外殼20之輸出端25將完成二階段減速後的動力輸出。由於該等第二行星齒輪64比該等第一行星齒輪62更靠近外殼20之輸出端25，相對來說需要承受比較高的扭力。因此，本創作將該等第二行星齒輪64的設置數量大於該等第一行星齒輪62的設置數量，如此可以分散該等第二行星齒輪64的受力，以達到降低磨耗及提高耐用性的目的。此外，該等第一行星齒輪62與該等第二行星齒輪64可以(但不限於)用塑膠材質製成，如此可以進一步提供降噪效果。It can be seen from the above that the rear wheel power output mechanism 10 of the present invention firstly performs the first stage deceleration by the first planetary gears 62, and then the second planetary carrier 53 outputs the power to the second planetary gears 64, and then The second-stage deceleration is performed by the second planetary gears 64 , and finally the power output after the second-stage deceleration is completed by the output end 25 of the casing 20 . Since the second planetary gears 64 are closer to the output end 25 of the casing 20 than the first planetary gears 62 , they need to bear relatively high torque. Therefore, in the present invention, the number of the second planetary gears 64 is larger than the number of the first planetary gears 62, so that the force of the second planetary gears 64 can be dispersed, so as to reduce wear and improve durability. Purpose. In addition, the first planetary gears 62 and the second planetary gears 64 can be (but not limited to) made of plastic material, which can further provide a noise reduction effect.

10:後輪動力輸出機構 20:外殼 21:殼體 22:端蓋 23:容置空間 24:非輸出端 25:輸出端 30:馬達 32:定子 34:轉子 36:第一心軸 38:第二心軸 39:環形端部 40:套筒 50:減速單元 51:齒軸 52:第一行星支架 S1:螺絲 S2:螺絲 53:第二行星支架 54:環部 55:齒部 56:第一環齒輪 57:凹槽 58:第一銷件 59:第二環齒輪 60:第二凹槽 61:第二銷件 62:第一行星齒輪 63:第一輪軸 64:第二行星齒輪 65:第二輪軸10: Rear wheel PTO 20: Shell 21: Shell 22: End cap 23: Accommodating space 24: non-output terminal 25: output terminal 30: Motor 32: Stator 34: Rotor 36: The first mandrel 38: Second mandrel 39: Ring end 40: Sleeve 50: reduction unit 51: Gear shaft 52: The first planet carrier S1: Screw S2: Screw 53: Second planet carrier 54: Ring Department 55: Teeth 56: First Ring Gear 57: Groove 58: The first pin 59: Second Ring Gear 60: Second groove 61: Second pin 62: The first planetary gear 63: First axle 64: Second planetary gear 65: Second axle

圖1為本創作之後輪動力輸出機構的立體圖。 圖2為本創作之後輪動力輸出機構在另一視角的立體圖。 圖3為本創作之後輪動力輸出機構的局部立體分解圖。 圖4為本創作之後輪動力輸出機構的剖視圖。 FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the power output mechanism of the rear wheel after the creation. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the rear wheel power output mechanism of the creation from another perspective. Figure 3 is a partial perspective exploded view of the wheel power output mechanism after the creation. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the wheel power output mechanism after the creation.

21:殼體 21: Shell

22:端蓋 22: End cap

30:馬達 30: Motor

38:第二心軸 38: Second mandrel

39:環形端部 39: Ring end

40:套筒 40: Sleeve

51:齒軸 51: Gear shaft

52:第一行星支架 52: The first planet carrier

S1:螺絲 S1: Screw

S2:螺絲 S2: Screw

53:第二行星支架 53: Second planet carrier

54:環部 54: Ring Department

55:齒部 55: Teeth

56:第一環齒輪 56: First Ring Gear

57:第一凹槽 57: First groove

58:第一銷件 58: The first pin

59:第二環齒輪 59: Second Ring Gear

60:第二凹槽 60: Second groove

61:第二銷件 61: Second pin

62:第一行星齒輪 62: The first planetary gear

63:第一輪軸 63: First axle

64:第二行星齒輪 64: Second planetary gear

65:第二輪軸 65: Second axle

Claims (3)

一種用於電動自行車之後輪動力輸出機構，包含有: 一外殼，具有一非輸出端與一輸出端； 一馬達，設於該外殼內且具有一定子與一可相對該定子轉動之轉子； 一第一心軸，設於該外殼之非輸出端且允許該外殼相對其轉動，該第一心軸以其一端固接該馬達之定子； 一第二心軸，設於該外殼之輸出端且允許該外殼能相對其轉動；以及 一減速單元，設於該外殼內且具有一齒軸、一第一行星支架、一第二行星支架、一第一環齒輪、一第二環齒輪、多個第一行星齒輪及多個第二行星齒輪，該齒軸固設於該馬達之轉子且以同軸方式設於該第一心軸與該第二心軸之間，該第一行星支架固設於該馬達之定子，該第二行星支架可轉動地設於該齒軸與該第二心軸之間，該第一環齒輪固設於該第一行星支架，該第二環齒輪固設於該外殼，該等第一行星齒輪樞設於該第二行星支架且嚙接該齒軸與該第一環齒輪，該等第二行星齒輪樞設於該第一行星支架與該第二心軸之間且嚙接該第二行星支架與該第二環齒輪，其中，該等第二行星齒輪的數量大於該等第一行星齒輪的數量。 A power output mechanism for the rear wheel of an electric bicycle, comprising: a shell with a non-output end and an output end; a motor, disposed in the casing and having a stator and a rotor rotatable relative to the stator; a first mandrel, disposed at the non-output end of the casing and allowing the casing to rotate relative to it, and one end of the first mandrel is fixedly connected to the stator of the motor; a second spindle disposed at the output end of the housing and allowing the housing to rotate relative to it; and a speed reduction unit, which is arranged in the casing and has a pinion, a first planet carrier, a second planet carrier, a first ring gear, a second ring gear, a plurality of first planet gears and a plurality of second a planetary gear, the pinion is fixed on the rotor of the motor and is arranged between the first spindle and the second spindle in a coaxial manner, the first planet carrier is fixed on the stator of the motor, the second planet The bracket is rotatably arranged between the pinion and the second spindle, the first ring gear is fixed on the first planet carrier, the second ring gear is fixed on the housing, and the first planet gears pivot set on the second planet carrier and engage the pinion and the first ring gear, the second planet gears are pivoted between the first planet carrier and the second spindle and engage the second planet carrier and the second ring gear, wherein the number of the second planetary gears is greater than the number of the first planetary gears. 如請求項1所述之用於電動自行車之後輪動力輸出機構，其中，該減速單元具有三該第一行星齒輪及四該第二行星齒輪。The power output mechanism for a rear wheel of an electric bicycle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reduction unit has three of the first planetary gears and four of the second planetary gears. 如請求項1或2所述之用於電動自行車之後輪動力輸出機構，其中，各該第一行星齒輪與各該第二行星齒輪皆以塑膠材質所製成。The power output mechanism for the rear wheel of an electric bicycle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each of the first planetary gears and each of the second planetary gears are made of plastic material.

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