TWM591186U - Electric vehicle driving control system - Google Patents

Electric vehicle driving control system Download PDF

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TWM591186U
TWM591186U TW108208418U TW108208418U TWM591186U TW M591186 U TWM591186 U TW M591186U TW 108208418 U TW108208418 U TW 108208418U TW 108208418 U TW108208418 U TW 108208418U TW M591186 U TWM591186 U TW M591186U
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processing unit
signal
voltage
terminal
electric vehicle
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TW108208418U
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Chinese (zh)
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黃昱仁
紀順得
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光陽工業股份有限公司
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Abstract

本新型提供一種電動車驅動控制系統，包含一電池模組，具有一電源輸出端，一處理單元的一控制訊號輸出端通過一過電壓保護電路電連接一驅動輸出單元的一致能訊號輸入端；當電池模組的電源輸出端的電壓大於或等於一過電壓臨界值，過電壓保護電路對致能訊號輸入端輸出一關閉訊號，處理單元根據輸出控制訊號不符合該關閉訊號之結果，進一步輸出該關閉訊號，並執行一重整程序；藉由過電壓保護電路的硬體電子元件在過電壓時關閉驅動輸出單元，快速反應保護控制系統不受過電壓損壞，再由處理單元軟體判斷執行重新啟動，確保使用安全性及便利性。The present invention provides an electric vehicle drive control system, including a battery module, having a power supply output terminal, a control signal output terminal of a processing unit is electrically connected to a uniform energy signal input terminal of a drive output unit through an overvoltage protection circuit; When the voltage at the power output terminal of the battery module is greater than or equal to an overvoltage threshold, the overvoltage protection circuit outputs a shutdown signal to the enable signal input terminal, and the processing unit further outputs the shutdown signal according to the result of the output control signal not conforming to the shutdown signal. Turn off the signal and execute a reforming process; by the hardware electronic components of the overvoltage protection circuit turning off the drive output unit during overvoltage, the rapid response protection control system is not damaged by overvoltage, and then the processing unit software determines to execute the restart, Ensure the safety and convenience of use.

Description

電動車驅動控制系統Electric vehicle drive control system

一種控制系統，尤指一種電動車驅動控制系統。 A control system, especially an electric vehicle drive control system.

基於環境保護及節省能源的科技趨勢，電動車已經成為許多使用者購買交通工具時除了傳統汽油動力摩托車之外的另一大宗選項，其具有低噪音、低震動、車輛狀態容易掌控等優點。請參閱圖3所示，現有的電動機車的動力系統一般來說包含一電池模組21、一馬達控制器22及一馬達模組23。一般來說，該馬達模組21及馬達控制器22常選用無刷直流三相馬達(BLDC)及直流馬達控制模組。無刷直流馬達的馬達控制模組藉由電子元件進行整流及驅動輸出，具有較高的可靠性及耐用度。該馬達控制器22具有一處理器MCU，且該馬達模組23上設置有至少一位置回授元件24，該位置回授元件24電連接該馬達控制模組的處理器MCU以回傳感測訊號。該處理器MCU根據該感測訊息判斷該馬達模組23當下的位置資訊，以在正確的時間點控制該馬達控制器22輸出驅動電流至馬達模組23。 Based on the technological trends of environmental protection and energy saving, electric vehicles have become another major option for many users in addition to traditional gasoline-powered motorcycles when purchasing vehicles. They have the advantages of low noise, low vibration, and easy control of vehicle status. Please refer to FIG. 3, the power system of the existing electric locomotive generally includes a battery module 21, a motor controller 22 and a motor module 23. Generally speaking, the motor module 21 and the motor controller 22 often select a brushless DC three-phase motor (BLDC) and a DC motor control module. The motor control module of the brushless DC motor uses electronic components for rectification and drive output, which has high reliability and durability. The motor controller 22 has a processor MCU, and the motor module 23 is provided with at least one position feedback element 24. The position feedback element 24 is electrically connected to the processor MCU of the motor control module for sensing Signal. The processor MCU determines the current position information of the motor module 23 according to the sensing information, so as to control the motor controller 22 to output the drive current to the motor module 23 at the correct time point.

在正常情況下，該處理器MCU皆能正常控制該馬達控制器22輸出驅動電流。惟當發生例如處理器軟體功能異常、馬達模組之三相線錯接、位置回授元件24損壞導致感測訊號異常等特殊狀況，可能會造成該馬達控制器22的驅動電流失步，與該馬達模組23的實際轉動狀態不符，而由於馬達模組23仍在持續運轉，馬達模組23之交流電能會反向流回馬達控制模組23或電池模組 21，使得馬達控制模組23或電池模組21之電壓異常上升，進一步導致馬達控制器23或電池模組的元件損壞。 Under normal circumstances, the processor MCU can normally control the motor controller 22 to output driving current. However, when a special condition such as an abnormal software function of the processor, a wrong connection of the three-phase line of the motor module, or a damage to the position feedback element 24 leads to an abnormal sensing signal, the drive current of the motor controller 22 may be out of sync, and The actual rotation state of the motor module 23 does not match, and since the motor module 23 is still continuously running, the AC power of the motor module 23 will flow back to the motor control module 23 or the battery module in reverse 21. The voltage of the motor control module 23 or the battery module 21 rises abnormally, which further damages the components of the motor controller 23 or the battery module.

當現有的馬達控制器出現異常狀況導致對於馬達模組的控制出現失步的狀況時，馬達模組之電能會回流至馬達控制模組或電池模組，使得該馬達控制模組或電池模組內的電壓異常上升，並進一步導致馬達控制模組或電池模組的元件損壞。 When an abnormal condition of the existing motor controller causes the control of the motor module to be out of step, the power of the motor module will return to the motor control module or battery module, so that the motor control module or battery module The voltage inside rises abnormally and further damages the components of the motor control module or battery module.

本創作提供一種電動車驅動控制系統，包含一電池模組、一處理單元、一驅動輸出單元、一馬達模組及一過電壓保護電路。該電池模組具有一電源輸出端，該處理單元具有一控制訊號輸出端，且該處理單元由該控制訊號輸出端輸出一控制訊號；該驅動輸出單元具有一致能訊號輸入端，且該驅動輸出單元電連接該電池單元的電源輸出端以接收一電池電源，而該馬達模組電連接該驅動輸出單元；該過電壓保護電路電連接該電池模組的電源輸出端、該處理單元的控制訊號輸出端及該驅動輸出單元的致能訊號輸入端。其中，當該電池模組的電源輸出端的輸出電壓小於一過電壓臨界值時，該過電壓保護電路根據該處理單元的控制訊號輸出該控制訊號至該驅動輸出單元的控制訊號輸出端，此時該驅動輸出單元根據該處理單元的控制訊號輸出驅動電流；當該電池模組的電源輸出端的輸出電壓大於或等於該過電壓臨界值時，該過電壓保護電路對該驅動輸出單元的致能訊號輸入端輸出一關閉訊號。進一步來說，當該處理單元的控制訊號輸出端的控制訊號與該驅動輸出單元的致能訊號輸入端的致能訊號不相符時，該處理單元執行一重整程序。 This creation provides an electric vehicle drive control system, including a battery module, a processing unit, a drive output unit, a motor module and an overvoltage protection circuit. The battery module has a power output end, the processing unit has a control signal output end, and the processing unit outputs a control signal from the control signal output end; the drive output unit has a uniform energy signal input end, and the drive output The unit is electrically connected to the power output of the battery unit to receive a battery power, and the motor module is electrically connected to the drive output unit; the overvoltage protection circuit is electrically connected to the power output of the battery module and the control signal of the processing unit The output terminal and the enable signal input terminal of the drive output unit. Wherein, when the output voltage of the power output end of the battery module is less than an overvoltage threshold, the overvoltage protection circuit outputs the control signal to the control signal output end of the drive output unit according to the control signal of the processing unit. The drive output unit outputs a drive current according to the control signal of the processing unit; when the output voltage of the power output terminal of the battery module is greater than or equal to the overvoltage threshold, the overvoltage protection circuit enables the drive output unit A shutdown signal is output from the input terminal. Further, when the control signal at the control signal output end of the processing unit does not match the enable signal at the enable signal input end of the drive output unit, the processing unit executes a reforming process.

當電動車在啟動狀態，且該電池模組的電源輸出端的電壓正常，也就是低於該過電壓臨界值時，該過電壓保護電路係將該處理單元輸出之控制訊號傳遞至該驅動輸出單元，使得該動輸出單元正常地根據該控制訊號對該馬達模組輸出驅動電流，該控制訊號例如是一啟動訊號。而當該電池模組的電源輸出端的電壓異常上升至超出該過電壓臨界值時，該過電壓保護電路則通過電路元件的作動直接對該驅動輸出單元的致能訊號輸入端輸出一關閉訊號，使得該驅動輸出單元即刻停止輸出驅動電流，以停止對馬達模組輸入電能，避免由該馬達模組回流之電能繼續使得該電源輸出端的異常高電壓持續上升。進一步的，由於該處理單元輸出之控制訊號仍然是該啟動訊號，而該驅動輸出單元的致能訊號輸入端接收之訊號惟該關閉訊號，該控制訊號輸出端輸出的啟動訊號與該驅動輸出單元的致能訊號輸入端的訊號值並不相符，此時該處理單元可以確認發生電源輸出端的電壓異常上升之情況，因此該處理單元執行一重整程序，以使得該電動車回到正常運作情況。 When the electric vehicle is in the starting state and the voltage at the power output end of the battery module is normal, that is, lower than the overvoltage threshold, the overvoltage protection circuit transmits the control signal output by the processing unit to the drive output unit , So that the dynamic output unit normally outputs a drive current to the motor module according to the control signal. The control signal is, for example, a start signal. When the voltage at the power output end of the battery module abnormally rises above the over-voltage threshold, the over-voltage protection circuit directly outputs a shutdown signal to the enable signal input end of the drive output unit through the action of the circuit element, The drive output unit stops the output of the drive current immediately to stop the input of electric energy to the motor module, so as to prevent the electric energy returned by the motor module from continuing to cause the abnormally high voltage at the output end of the power source to continue to rise. Further, since the control signal output by the processing unit is still the start signal, and the signal received by the enable signal input terminal of the drive output unit is the shutdown signal, the start signal output by the control signal output terminal and the drive output unit The signal value of the enable signal input terminal does not match. At this time, the processing unit can confirm that an abnormal voltage rise at the power output terminal has occurred. Therefore, the processing unit executes a reforming procedure to return the electric vehicle to normal operation.

本新型的電動車驅動控制系統藉由該過電壓保護電路的偵測該電池模組的電源輸出端之電壓，並在該電源輸出端的電壓超過該過電壓臨界值時，由該過電壓保護電路直接關閉該驅動輸出單元以停止輸出驅動電流，進一步的，該處理單元根據其輸出之控制訊號與該驅動輸出單元接收到的控制訊號不符而得知發生過電壓異常情況，因此執行重整程序並接續進行整體驅動控制系統的狀態回復。 The electric vehicle drive control system of the present invention detects the voltage of the power supply output terminal of the battery module through the overvoltage protection circuit, and the overvoltage protection circuit detects the voltage of the power supply output terminal when the voltage exceeds the overvoltage critical value The drive output unit is directly turned off to stop the output of the drive current. Further, the processing unit learns that an overvoltage abnormality has occurred according to the control signal output by the drive output unit and the control signal received by the drive output unit. Continue to restore the status of the overall drive control system.

由於過電壓保護電路由硬體電路元件作動，其反應速度大於處理單元的軟體運算進行判斷並產生控制命令之速度，因此，通過硬體電路元件的快速反應切斷驅動電流的輸出，能夠確保在異常高電壓發生的緊急情況下的即時保護，再接續由處理單元的軟體進行之偵測判斷執行重整程序以重新啟動 驅動輸出。如此一來，達到快速即時的系統保護，以及安全可控的再啟動程序，確保使用者的安全及電動車的良好使用性。 Because the overvoltage protection circuit is actuated by hardware circuit components, the response speed is faster than the speed of the software calculation of the processing unit to judge and generate control commands. Therefore, the rapid response of the hardware circuit components cuts off the output of the drive current, which can ensure that the Real-time protection in case of an emergency with abnormally high voltage, followed by the detection and judgment by the software of the processing unit to execute the reorganization process to restart Drive output. In this way, fast and real-time system protection and a safe and controllable restart procedure are achieved to ensure the safety of users and the good usability of electric vehicles.

11‧‧‧電池模組 11‧‧‧ battery module

Vo‧‧‧電源輸出端 Vo‧‧‧Power output

12‧‧‧處理單元 12‧‧‧Processing unit

ctl‧‧‧控制訊號輸出端 ctl‧‧‧Control signal output

13‧‧‧過電壓保護電路 13‧‧‧Overvoltage protection circuit

131‧‧‧壓控單元 131‧‧‧ voltage control unit

R1‧‧‧第一電阻 R1‧‧‧ First resistance

Rd1‧‧‧第一分壓電阻 Rd1‧‧‧First voltage divider resistor

Rd2‧‧‧第二分壓電阻 Rd2‧‧‧Second voltage divider resistor

ZD‧‧‧基納二極體 ZD‧‧‧Kina diode

G‧‧‧矽控整流器 G‧‧‧silicon controlled rectifier

14‧‧‧驅動輸出單元 14‧‧‧Drive output unit

en‧‧‧致能訊號輸入端 en‧‧‧Enable signal input terminal

15‧‧‧馬達模組 15‧‧‧Motor module

16‧‧‧位置回授模組 16‧‧‧Position feedback module

17‧‧‧電壓回授模組 17‧‧‧Voltage feedback module

21‧‧‧電池模組 21‧‧‧Battery module

22‧‧‧馬達控制器 22‧‧‧Motor controller

MCU‧‧‧處理器 MCU‧‧‧ processor

23‧‧‧馬達模組 23‧‧‧Motor module

24‧‧‧位置回授元件 24‧‧‧Position feedback component

圖1係本新型電動車驅動控制系統之方塊示意圖。 Figure 1 is a block diagram of the new electric vehicle drive control system.

圖2係本新型電動車驅動控制系統第三較佳實施例的電路示意圖。 2 is a circuit schematic diagram of a third preferred embodiment of the new electric vehicle drive control system.

圖3系現有技術電動車驅動系統之方塊示意圖。 FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a prior art electric vehicle drive system.

本新型提供一種電動車驅動控制系統，包含一電池模組11、一處理單元12、一驅動輸出單元14、一馬達模組15及一過電壓保護電路13。該電池模組11具有一電源輸出端Vo，該處理單元12具有一控制訊號輸出端ctl，且該處理單元12由該控制訊號輸出端ctl輸出一控制訊號；該驅動輸出單元14具有一致能訊號輸入端en，用以接收一致能訊號，，該驅動輸出單元14還電連接該電池模組11的電源輸出端Vo以接收一電池電源，而該馬達模組15電連接該驅動輸出單元14，以接收該驅動輸出單元輸出的一驅動電流。該過電壓保護電路13電連接該電池模組11的電源輸出端Vo、該處理單元12的控制訊號輸出端ctl及該驅動輸出單元14的致能訊號輸入端en。 The present invention provides an electric vehicle drive control system, which includes a battery module 11, a processing unit 12, a drive output unit 14, a motor module 15, and an overvoltage protection circuit 13. The battery module 11 has a power output terminal Vo, the processing unit 12 has a control signal output terminal ctl, and the processing unit 12 outputs a control signal from the control signal output terminal ctl; the drive output unit 14 has a uniform energy signal The input end en is used to receive a consistent energy signal. The drive output unit 14 is also electrically connected to the power output Vo of the battery module 11 to receive a battery power, and the motor module 15 is electrically connected to the drive output unit 14, To receive a driving current output by the driving output unit. The overvoltage protection circuit 13 is electrically connected to the power output terminal Vo of the battery module 11, the control signal output terminal ctl of the processing unit 12 and the enable signal input terminal en of the drive output unit 14.

當該電池模組11的電源輸出端Vo的輸出電壓小於一過電壓臨界值時，該過電壓保護電路13將該處理單元12的控制訊號直接傳遞至該驅動輸出單元14的致能訊號輸入端en，此時該驅動輸出單元14以該處理單元12的控制訊號作為致能訊號，並據以輸出驅動電流；當該電池模組11的電源輸出端Vo的輸出電壓大於或等於該過電壓臨界值時，該過電壓保護電路13對該驅動輸出單元14的致能訊號輸入端en輸出一關閉訊號。進一步來說，當該處理單元12的控制 訊號輸出端ctl的控制訊號與該致能訊號輸入端en所接收的的訊號值不相符時，該處理單元12執行一重整程序。 When the output voltage of the power output terminal Vo of the battery module 11 is less than an overvoltage threshold, the overvoltage protection circuit 13 directly transmits the control signal of the processing unit 12 to the enable signal input terminal of the drive output unit 14 en, at this time, the drive output unit 14 uses the control signal of the processing unit 12 as an enable signal, and accordingly outputs the drive current; when the output voltage of the power output terminal Vo of the battery module 11 is greater than or equal to the overvoltage threshold At the time, the overvoltage protection circuit 13 outputs a shutdown signal to the enable signal input end en of the drive output unit 14. Further, when the control of the processing unit 12 When the control signal of the signal output terminal ctl does not match the signal value received by the enable signal input terminal en, the processing unit 12 executes a reforming process.

其中，該處理單元12是一微控制器，用以產生該控制訊號及驅動控制訊號，該控制訊號為一關閉訊號或一啟動訊號。該驅動輸出單元14還進一步電連接該處理單元12，根據該驅動控制訊號產生驅動電流並輸出至馬達模組15以驅動該馬達模組15轉動。較佳的，該馬達模組15是一三相無刷直流馬達，包含三組定子繞組，該驅動輸出單元14是一三相馬達驅動電流輸出單元，包含三組輸出控制器，該三組輸出控制器電連接該電池模組11的電源輸出端Vo及該馬達模組15的三組定子繞組之間，並分別接收該處理單元12的PWM控制訊號，據以將該電池模組11的對電池電源轉換為三相電流並輸出至對該馬達模組15的三組定子繞組。 Wherein, the processing unit 12 is a microcontroller, which is used to generate the control signal and drive control signal, and the control signal is a shutdown signal or an activation signal. The driving output unit 14 is further electrically connected to the processing unit 12, generates driving current according to the driving control signal and outputs to the motor module 15 to drive the motor module 15 to rotate. Preferably, the motor module 15 is a three-phase brushless DC motor, including three sets of stator windings, and the drive output unit 14 is a three-phase motor drive current output unit, including three sets of output controllers, and the three sets of outputs The controller is electrically connected between the power output Vo of the battery module 11 and the three sets of stator windings of the motor module 15 and receives the PWM control signal of the processing unit 12 respectively, according to which The battery power is converted into a three-phase current and output to the three sets of stator windings of the motor module 15.

在本創作的一第一較佳實施例中，當該處理單元12執行該重整程序時，該處理單元12先由該控制訊號輸出端ctl輸出該關閉訊號，再執行一正常啟動程序。 In a first preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the processing unit 12 executes the reforming procedure, the processing unit 12 first outputs the shutdown signal from the control signal output terminal ctl, and then executes a normal startup procedure.

在本實施例中，該處理單元12還電連接該驅動輸出單元14的致能訊號輸入端en，以回授接收該致能訊號輸入端en的訊號值。因此，當該處理單元12判斷該驅動訊號輸出單元的致能訊號輸入端en的訊號值不符合該處理單元12輸出的控制訊號，例如該處理單元12輸出之控制訊號是一啟動訊號，而該驅動訊號輸出單元的致能訊號輸入端en的訊號值是一關閉訊號，代表此時該處理單元12輸出之控制訊號並未正常地通過該過電壓保護電路13傳遞至該致能訊號輸入端en，該過電壓保護電路13已被過電壓觸發並關閉該驅動輸出單元14。因此該處理單元12開始以軟體執行重新啟動的程序，首先先將該處理單元12輸出之控制訊號切換至關閉訊號，確保該驅動輸出單元14進入關閉狀態，再次執 行一正常啟動程序，使得電動車回到正常驅動馬達的使用狀態並供使用者繼續騎乘。 In this embodiment, the processing unit 12 is also electrically connected to the enable signal input end en of the drive output unit 14 to feedback the signal value received by the enable signal input end en. Therefore, when the processing unit 12 determines that the signal value of the enable signal input end en of the driving signal output unit does not match the control signal output by the processing unit 12, for example, the control signal output by the processing unit 12 is a start signal, and the The signal value of the enable signal input end en of the driving signal output unit is a shutdown signal, which means that the control signal output by the processing unit 12 is not normally transmitted to the enable signal input end en through the overvoltage protection circuit 13 The over-voltage protection circuit 13 has been triggered by over-voltage and turns off the drive output unit 14. Therefore, the processing unit 12 starts to execute the restart procedure with software. First, the control signal output from the processing unit 12 is switched to the shutdown signal to ensure that the drive output unit 14 enters the shutdown state, and then executes again. Perform a normal start-up procedure to return the electric vehicle to the normal driving motor usage state for the user to continue riding.

請繼續參閱圖1所示，在本創作的一第二較佳實施例中，該電動車驅動控制系統包含一位置回授模組16，該位置回授模組16設置於該馬達模組15上，並根據該馬達模組15的轉動位置產生一位置回授訊號。該處理單元12包含一位置回授輸入端，該位置回授輸入端電連接該位置回授模組16以接收該位置回授訊號。當該處理單元12執行正常啟動程序，該處理單元12根據該位置回授訊號計算該馬達模組15的一轉速，且當該馬達模組15的轉速低於一轉速臨界值時，該處理單元12由該控制訊號輸出端ctl輸出一啟動訊號。此外，該處理單元12執行一內部重置動作，根據該位置回授訊號產生一關於馬達模組的轉動位置資訊，並根據該轉動位置資訊產生該驅動控制訊號。 Please continue to refer to FIG. 1, in a second preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electric vehicle drive control system includes a position feedback module 16, the position feedback module 16 is disposed on the motor module 15 And generate a position feedback signal according to the rotation position of the motor module 15. The processing unit 12 includes a position feedback input terminal, and the position feedback input terminal is electrically connected to the position feedback module 16 to receive the position feedback signal. When the processing unit 12 executes a normal start-up procedure, the processing unit 12 calculates a speed of the motor module 15 according to the position feedback signal, and when the speed of the motor module 15 is lower than a speed threshold, the processing unit 12 A start signal is output from the control signal output terminal ctl. In addition, the processing unit 12 performs an internal reset action, generates a rotation position information about the motor module according to the position feedback signal, and generates the drive control signal according to the rotation position information.

較佳的，該位置回授模組係包含霍爾感測單元(Hall effect sensor)；較佳的，該轉速臨界值例如為100轉每分鐘(rpm)。 Preferably, the position feedback module includes a Hall effect sensor; preferably, the critical value of the rotation speed is, for example, 100 revolutions per minute (rpm).

也就是說，當該過電壓保護電路13被電源輸出端Vo之過電壓觸發後，該處理單元12先將控制訊號輸出端ctl之控制訊號切換為關閉訊號，並執行正常啟動程序。為了確認異常高電壓的情況已經解除，該處理單元12根據該位置回授訊號判斷馬達模組15的轉速，當馬達模組15的轉速下降到低於該轉速臨界值時，代表此時該馬達模組15內的電能已經釋放消耗，因此該處理單元12再次由該控制訊號輸出端ctl輸出啟動訊號，以再次致能該驅動輸出單元14。較佳的，該啟動訊號是一高電位訊號(high)，該關閉訊號是一低電位訊號(low)。 That is to say, after the overvoltage protection circuit 13 is triggered by the overvoltage of the power output terminal Vo, the processing unit 12 first switches the control signal of the control signal output terminal ctl to a shutdown signal and executes the normal startup procedure. In order to confirm that the abnormally high voltage has been removed, the processing unit 12 determines the rotation speed of the motor module 15 according to the position feedback signal. When the rotation speed of the motor module 15 drops below the rotation speed threshold value, it represents that the motor The power in the module 15 has been released and consumed, so the processing unit 12 outputs the start signal again from the control signal output terminal ctl to enable the drive output unit 14 again. Preferably, the activation signal is a high potential signal (high), and the shutdown signal is a low potential signal (low).

綜上所述，當該過電壓保護電路13被電源輸出端Vo的過電壓處發後，該處理單元12輸出之控制訊號及該驅動輸出單元接收之致能訊號的切換狀態如下表1所示。 In summary, after the overvoltage protection circuit 13 is sent by the overvoltage at the power output terminal Vo, the switching status of the control signal output by the processing unit 12 and the enable signal received by the drive output unit is shown in Table 1 below .

Figure 108208418-A0305-02-0008-1
Figure 108208418-A0305-02-0008-1

在本較佳實施例中，當該處理單元12的控制訊號輸出端ctl輸出一關閉訊號時，且該電源輸出端Vo的電壓低於該過電壓臨界值時，該過電壓保護電路13回到一初始狀態，也就是將該處理單元12的控制訊號輸出端ctl之控制訊號正常傳遞至驅動輸出單元14的致能訊號輸入端en，如此一來，當該處理單元12執行該正常啟動程序時，該處理單元12能夠正常的通過該過電壓保護電路13致能該驅動輸出單元14。而該處理單元12也執行該內部重整程序，以排除原先由處理單元12內部軟體計算失誤，導致馬達控制失步及電壓異常上升之錯誤狀況，重新判斷馬達模組15的轉動位置資訊，以輸出正確的驅動控制訊號。 In the preferred embodiment, when the control signal output terminal ctl of the processing unit 12 outputs a shutdown signal, and the voltage of the power output terminal Vo is lower than the overvoltage threshold, the overvoltage protection circuit 13 returns An initial state, that is, the control signal of the control signal output terminal ctl of the processing unit 12 is normally transmitted to the enable signal input end en of the drive output unit 14, so that when the processing unit 12 executes the normal startup procedure The processing unit 12 can normally enable the driving output unit 14 through the overvoltage protection circuit 13. The processing unit 12 also executes the internal reforming process to eliminate the error condition caused by the internal software calculation of the processing unit 12 that caused the motor control out of step and the abnormal voltage rise, and re-determine the rotational position information of the motor module 15 to Output correct drive control signal.

以下將進一步說明該過電壓保護電路13的較佳實施方式。 The preferred embodiment of the overvoltage protection circuit 13 will be further described below.

請參閱圖2所示，在本創作的一第三較佳實施例中，該過電壓保護電路13包含一第一電阻R1、一矽控整流器G及一壓控單元131，該第一電阻R1電連接於該處理單元12的控制訊號輸出端ctl及該驅動輸出單元14的致能訊號入端en之間。該矽控整流器G具有一控制端，且該矽控整流器G電連接於該驅動輸出單元14的致能訊號輸入端en及一接地端gnd之間。該壓控單元131電連接該電池模組11的電源輸出端Vo及該矽控整流器G的控制端，且當該電池模組11的電源輸入端的電壓大於或等於該過電壓臨界值時，該壓控單元131對該矽控整 流器G的控制端輸出一導通訊號。該導通訊號使得該矽控整流器G導通該驅動輸出單元14的致能訊號輸入端en，使得該致能訊號輸入端en與該接地端gnd等電位，也就是一低電位的關閉訊號。因次，當該電壓輸出端的電壓大於或等於該過電壓臨界值時，該矽控整流器G被觸發導通，使得該驅動輸出單元14的致能訊號輸入端en電位被拉低為一關閉訊號，而此時該處理單元12仍然輸出一高電位的啟動訊號。 Please refer to FIG. 2. In a third preferred embodiment of the present invention, the overvoltage protection circuit 13 includes a first resistor R1, a silicon controlled rectifier G, and a voltage control unit 131. The first resistor R1 It is electrically connected between the control signal output terminal ctl of the processing unit 12 and the enable signal input end en of the drive output unit 14. The silicon controlled rectifier G has a control terminal, and the silicon controlled rectifier G is electrically connected between the enable signal input end en of the drive output unit 14 and a ground terminal gnd. The voltage control unit 131 is electrically connected to the power output end Vo of the battery module 11 and the control end of the silicon controlled rectifier G, and when the voltage of the power input end of the battery module 11 is greater than or equal to the overvoltage threshold, the The voltage control unit 131 controls the silicon The control terminal of the flow device G outputs a pilot communication number. The conduction signal enables the silicon controlled rectifier G to turn on the enable signal input end en of the drive output unit 14, so that the enable signal input end en has the same potential as the ground terminal gnd, that is, a low-level turn-off signal. Secondly, when the voltage at the voltage output terminal is greater than or equal to the overvoltage threshold, the silicon controlled rectifier G is triggered to be turned on, so that the enable signal input terminal en potential of the drive output unit 14 is pulled down to a shutdown signal, At this time, the processing unit 12 still outputs a high-level start signal.

如此一來，當該處理單元12判斷其控制訊號輸出端ctl的控制訊號與該致能訊號輸入端en的訊號值不相符，表示該過壓保護電路已被觸發導致該致能訊號輸入端en與該接地端gnd等電位，因此該處理單元12執行該重啟程序。當該處理單元12執行重啟程序，先由該控制訊號輸出端ctl輸出該關閉訊號，也就是一低電位訊號，再執行正常啟動程序。 In this way, when the processing unit 12 determines that the control signal at the control signal output terminal ctl does not match the signal value of the enable signal input terminal en, it indicates that the overvoltage protection circuit has been triggered to cause the enable signal input terminal en It has the same potential as the ground terminal gnd, so the processing unit 12 executes the restart procedure. When the processing unit 12 executes the restart procedure, the control signal output terminal ctl first outputs the shutdown signal, that is, a low potential signal, and then executes the normal startup procedure.

該壓控單元131包含一基納二極體ZD、一第一分壓電阻Rd1及一第一分壓電阻Rd2。該基納二極體ZD具有一陰極及一陽極，該陰極電連接該電池模組11的電源輸出端Vo；該第一分壓電阻Rd1及該第一分壓電阻Rd2電串接於該基納二極體ZD的陽極及該接地端gnd之間，且該矽控整流器G的控制端係電連接該第一分壓電阻Rd1及該第一分壓電阻Rd2的連接接點。其中，該基納二極體ZD的反向崩潰電壓係該過電壓臨界值。 The voltage control unit 131 includes a zener diode ZD, a first voltage dividing resistor Rd1 and a first voltage dividing resistor Rd2. The zener diode ZD has a cathode and an anode, the cathode is electrically connected to the power output terminal Vo of the battery module 11; the first voltage dividing resistor Rd1 and the first voltage dividing resistor Rd2 are electrically connected in series to the base Between the anode of the nano-diode ZD and the ground terminal gnd, and the control terminal of the silicon controlled rectifier G is electrically connected to the connection points of the first voltage dividing resistor Rd1 and the first voltage dividing resistor Rd2. Wherein, the reverse breakdown voltage of the Jina diode ZD is the critical value of the overvoltage.

當該電池模組11的電源輸出端Vo的電壓上升至大於該過電壓臨界值，該基納二極體ZD反向崩潰導通，該第一分壓電阻Rd1及該第一分壓電阻Rd2將該電源輸出端Vo的電壓經分壓後產生該導通訊號並提供致該矽控整流器G的控制端，使得該矽控整流器G在該致能訊號輸入端en及該接地端gnd之間形成導通。而此時由於該處理單元12的控制訊號輸出端ctl仍然輸出一高電位的開啟訊號，該第一電阻R1的兩端形成一電壓差，因此該控制訊號輸出端ctl產生一電流通過該第一電阻R1及該矽控整流器G流入該接地端gnd。 When the voltage of the power output end Vo of the battery module 11 rises above the critical value of the overvoltage, the Jina diode ZD reversely collapses and conducts, and the first voltage dividing resistor Rd1 and the first voltage dividing resistor Rd2 will The voltage of the power output terminal Vo generates the conduction signal after being divided and provides a control terminal for the silicon controlled rectifier G, so that the silicon controlled rectifier G forms a conduction between the enable signal input terminal en and the ground terminal gnd . At this time, since the control signal output terminal ctl of the processing unit 12 still outputs a high-level turn-on signal, a voltage difference is formed across the first resistor R1, so the control signal output terminal ctl generates a current through the first The resistor R1 and the silicon controlled rectifier G flow into the ground terminal gnd.

當該驅動輸出單元14的致能訊號輸入端en的訊號為該低電位的關閉訊號而不再輸出驅動電流，該馬達模組15的轉速下降，使得該電池模組11的電源輸出端Vo的電壓下降至該過電壓臨界值以內，該基納二極體ZD不再導通，該矽控整流器G的控制端與該接地端gnd等電位；進一步的，此時該處理單元12的控制訊號輸出端ctl也已切換為一低電位的關閉訊號，該第一電阻R1的兩端均為一低電位而不再有電流通過該矽控整流器G流入接地端gnd，根據該矽控整流器G的元件特性，此時該矽控整流器G進入關斷狀態。至此，該基納二極體ZD及該矽控整流器G皆回到未導通之狀態，該矽控整流器G為一開路，該第一電阻R1兩端的致能訊號輸入端en及該控制訊號輸出端ctl等電位。也就是說，該過電壓保護電路13回到該初始狀態，將該處理單元12的控制訊號輸出端ctl之控制訊號正常地傳遞至該驅動輸出單元14的致能訊號輸入端en。 When the signal of the enable signal input end en of the drive output unit 14 is the low-level turn-off signal and no longer outputs the drive current, the rotation speed of the motor module 15 decreases, so that the power output end Vo of the battery module 11 When the voltage falls below the overvoltage threshold, the zener diode ZD is no longer conducting, and the control terminal of the silicon controlled rectifier G is at the same potential as the ground terminal gnd; further, the control signal of the processing unit 12 is output at this time The terminal ctl has also been switched to a low potential turn-off signal. Both ends of the first resistor R1 are at a low potential and no more current flows into the ground terminal gnd through the silicon controlled rectifier G, according to the components of the silicon controlled rectifier G Characteristics, at this time the silicon controlled rectifier G enters the off state. At this point, the zener diode ZD and the silicon controlled rectifier G have returned to a non-conducting state, the silicon controlled rectifier G is an open circuit, the enable signal input en at both ends of the first resistor R1 and the control signal output The terminal CTL is equipotential. That is to say, the overvoltage protection circuit 13 returns to the initial state, and normally transmits the control signal of the control signal output terminal ctl of the processing unit 12 to the enable signal input end en of the drive output unit 14.

在本新型的一第四較佳實施例中，該處理單元12包含一電壓回授輸入端，且該過驅動控制系統進一步包含一電壓回授單元17，該電壓回授單元電連接該電池模組11的電源輸出端Vo及該處理單元12，並根據該電源輸出端Vo的電壓產生一電壓回授訊號提供至該處理單元12。該處理單元12根據該電壓回授訊號進一步確認該電池模組11的電源輸出端Vo的電壓狀況。舉例來說，當該處理單元12執行該重啟程序時，當判斷該馬達模組15的轉速低於該馬達轉速臨界值時，進一步根據該電壓回授訊號判斷該電源輸出端Vo的電壓是否低於該過電壓臨界值，且在該電源輸出端Vo的電壓低於該過電壓臨界值時，才由該控制訊號輸出端ctl輸出一啟動訊號，並正常輸出驅動控制訊號。 In a fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention, the processing unit 12 includes a voltage feedback input terminal, and the overdrive control system further includes a voltage feedback unit 17, the voltage feedback unit is electrically connected to the battery module The power output Vo of the group 11 and the processing unit 12 generate a voltage feedback signal to the processing unit 12 according to the voltage of the power output Vo. The processing unit 12 further confirms the voltage status of the power output terminal Vo of the battery module 11 according to the voltage feedback signal. For example, when the processing unit 12 executes the restart procedure, when it is judged that the rotation speed of the motor module 15 is lower than the critical value of the motor rotation speed, it is further determined whether the voltage of the power output terminal Vo is low according to the voltage feedback signal The control signal output terminal ctl outputs a start signal and the drive control signal is normally output when the voltage of the power output terminal Vo is lower than the threshold value of the overvoltage.

以上所述僅是本新型的較佳實施例而已，並非對本新型做任何形式上的限制，雖然本新型已以較佳實施例揭露如上，然而並非用以限定本新型，任何熟悉本專業的技術人員，在不脫離本新型技術方案的範圍內，當可利用上述揭示的技術內容做出些許更動或修飾為等同變化的等效實施例，但凡是 未脫離本新型技術方案的內容，依據本新型的技術實質對以上實施例所作的任何簡單修改、等同變化與修飾，均仍屬於本新型技術方案的範圍內。 The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as the above with the preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the new model. Anyone who is familiar with this technology Personnel, without departing from the scope of the new technical solution, when the technical contents disclosed above can be used to make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes, but generally Without departing from the content of the new technical solution, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the new technology still fall within the scope of the new technical solution.

11‧‧‧電池模組 11‧‧‧ battery module

Vo‧‧‧電源輸出端 Vo‧‧‧Power output

12‧‧‧處理單元 12‧‧‧Processing unit

ctl‧‧‧控制訊號輸出端 ctl‧‧‧Control signal output

13‧‧‧過電壓保護電路 13‧‧‧Overvoltage protection circuit

14‧‧‧驅動輸出單元 14‧‧‧Drive output unit

en‧‧‧致能訊號輸入端 en‧‧‧Enable signal input terminal

15‧‧‧馬達模組 15‧‧‧Motor module

16‧‧‧位置回授模組 16‧‧‧Position feedback module

Claims (11)

一種電動車驅動控制系統，用於驅動一電動車，包含：一電池模組，具有一電源輸出端；一處理單元，具有一控制訊號輸出端，該處理單元由該控制訊號輸出端輸出一控制訊號；一驅動輸出單元，具有一致能訊號輸入端，用以接收一致能訊號，且該驅動輸出單元電連接該電池模組的該電源輸出端；一馬達模組，電連接該驅動輸出單元；一過電壓保護電路，電連接該電池模組的該電源輸出端、該處理單元的該控制訊號輸出端及該驅動輸出單元的該致能訊號輸入端；其中，當該電池模組的電源輸出端的電壓小於一過電壓臨界值，該過電壓保護電路對該驅動輸出單元的該致能訊號輸入端輸出該控制訊號；當該電池模組的電源輸出端的電壓大於或等於該過電壓臨界值，該過電壓保護電路對該驅動輸出單元的該致能訊號輸入端輸出一關閉訊號。 An electric vehicle drive control system for driving an electric vehicle includes: a battery module with a power output terminal; a processing unit with a control signal output terminal, and the processing unit outputs a control from the control signal output terminal Signal; a drive output unit with a uniform energy signal input terminal for receiving a uniform energy signal, and the drive output unit is electrically connected to the power output terminal of the battery module; a motor module is electrically connected to the drive output unit; An overvoltage protection circuit electrically connected to the power output end of the battery module, the control signal output end of the processing unit and the enable signal input end of the drive output unit; wherein, when the power supply of the battery module is output The voltage at the terminal is less than an overvoltage threshold, the overvoltage protection circuit outputs the control signal to the enable signal input terminal of the drive output unit; when the voltage at the power output terminal of the battery module is greater than or equal to the overvoltage threshold, The overvoltage protection circuit outputs a shutdown signal to the enable signal input terminal of the drive output unit. 如請求項1所述的電動車驅動控制系統，其中，當該處理單元的控制訊號輸出端的控制訊號與該致能訊號輸入端接收到的致能訊號不相符，該處理單元執行一重整程序。 The electric vehicle drive control system according to claim 1, wherein when the control signal at the control signal output end of the processing unit does not match the enable signal received at the enable signal input end, the processing unit executes a reforming procedure . 如請求項2所述的電動車驅動控制系統，其中，當該處理單元執行該重整程序，係指該處理單元由該控制訊號輸出端輸出該關閉訊號，再執行一正常啟動程序，使得該電動車回到驅動該馬達模組的正常使用狀態並供使用者繼續騎乘。 The electric vehicle drive control system according to claim 2, wherein, when the processing unit executes the reforming procedure, it means that the processing unit outputs the shutdown signal from the control signal output terminal, and then executes a normal starting procedure to make the The electric vehicle returns to the normal use state for driving the motor module and allows the user to continue riding. 如請求項3所述的電動車驅動控制系統，進一步包含：一位置回授模組，設置於該馬達模組上，該位置回授模組根據該馬達模組的轉動位置產生一位置回授訊號； 該處理單元進一步包含一位置回授輸入端，該位置回授輸入端電連接該位置回授模組以接收該位置回授訊號；當該處理單元執行正常啟動程序，係指該處理單元根據該位置回授訊號計算該馬達模組的一轉速，且當該馬達模組的轉速低於一轉速臨界值時，該處理單元由該控制訊號輸出端輸出一啟動訊號。 The drive control system for an electric vehicle according to claim 3, further comprising: a position feedback module, disposed on the motor module, the position feedback module generating a position feedback according to the rotation position of the motor module Signal The processing unit further includes a position feedback input terminal, and the position feedback input terminal is electrically connected to the position feedback module to receive the position feedback signal; when the processing unit performs a normal start-up procedure, it means that the processing unit is based on the The position feedback signal calculates a rotation speed of the motor module, and when the rotation speed of the motor module is lower than a rotation speed threshold, the processing unit outputs a start signal from the control signal output terminal. 如請求項1所述之電動車驅動控制系統，其中，該過電壓保護電路包含：一第一電阻，電連接於該處理單元的控制訊號輸出端及該驅動輸出單元的致能訊號入端之間；一矽控整流器，具有一控制端，該矽控整流器電連接於該驅動輸出單元的致能訊號輸入端及一接地端之間；一壓控單元，電連接該電池模組的電源輸出端及該矽控整流器的控制端；其中，當該電源輸出端的電壓大於或等於該過電壓臨界值，該壓控單元對該矽控整流器的控制端輸出一導通訊號。 The drive control system for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the overvoltage protection circuit includes: a first resistor electrically connected to the control signal output terminal of the processing unit and the enable signal input terminal of the drive output unit A silicon-controlled rectifier with a control terminal, the silicon-controlled rectifier is electrically connected between the enable signal input terminal of the drive output unit and a ground terminal; a voltage control unit is electrically connected to the power output of the battery module And the control end of the silicon controlled rectifier; wherein, when the voltage at the power output end is greater than or equal to the overvoltage threshold, the voltage control unit outputs a pilot signal to the control end of the silicon controlled rectifier. 如請求項5所述的電動車驅動控制系統，其中，該壓控單元包含：一基納二極體，具有一陰極及一陽極，該陰極電連接該電池模組的電源輸出端；一第一分壓電阻及一第二分壓電阻，串接於該基納二極體的陽極及該接地端之間；該矽控整流器的控制端係電連接該第一分壓電阻及該第二分壓電阻的連接接點；其中，該基納二極體的反向崩潰電壓是該過電壓臨界值。 The drive control system for an electric vehicle according to claim 5, wherein the voltage control unit includes: a Jina diode with a cathode and an anode, the cathode is electrically connected to the power output end of the battery module; a first A voltage-dividing resistor and a second voltage-dividing resistor are connected in series between the anode of the Jina diode and the ground terminal; the control terminal of the silicon controlled rectifier is electrically connected to the first voltage-dividing resistor and the second The connection point of the voltage divider resistor; wherein, the reverse breakdown voltage of the Gina diode is the critical value of the overvoltage. 如請求項1至6中任一項所述的電動車驅動控制系統，其中，當該處理單元的控制訊號輸出端輸出的控制訊號是一關閉訊號，且該電源輸出端的電壓低於該過電壓臨界值時，該過電壓保護電路回到一初始狀態。 The electric vehicle drive control system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, when the control signal output from the control signal output terminal of the processing unit is a shutdown signal, and the voltage at the power output terminal is lower than the overvoltage At a critical value, the overvoltage protection circuit returns to an initial state. 如請求項4所述的電動車驅動控制系統，其中，當該處理單元執行該正常啟動程序，該處理單元進一步根據該位置回授訊號產生關於馬達模組的一轉動位置資訊，並根據該轉動位置資訊產生一驅動控制訊號；該驅動輸出單元電連接該處理單元以接收該驅動控制訊號，根據該驅動控制訊號對該馬達模組輸出一驅動電流。 The electric vehicle drive control system according to claim 4, wherein, when the processing unit executes the normal starting procedure, the processing unit further generates a rotation position information about the motor module according to the position feedback signal, and according to the rotation The position information generates a driving control signal; the driving output unit is electrically connected to the processing unit to receive the driving control signal, and outputs a driving current to the motor module according to the driving control signal. 如請求項1所述的電動車驅動控制系統，其中，該處理單元包含一電壓回授輸入端；該過壓電路保護單元進一步包含：一電壓回授單元，電連接該電池模組的電源輸出端及該處理單元的電壓回授輸入端，該電壓回授單元根據該電源輸出端的電壓產生一電壓回授訊號並提供至該處理單元的電壓回授輸入端。 The electric vehicle drive control system according to claim 1, wherein the processing unit includes a voltage feedback input terminal; the overvoltage circuit protection unit further includes: a voltage feedback unit electrically connected to the power supply of the battery module The output terminal and the voltage feedback input terminal of the processing unit. The voltage feedback unit generates a voltage feedback signal according to the voltage of the power output terminal and provides it to the voltage feedback input terminal of the processing unit. 如請求項1所述的電動車驅動控制系統，其中，該過電壓臨界值是60伏特(V)。 The electric vehicle drive control system according to claim 1, wherein the overvoltage threshold is 60 volts (V). 如請求項4所述的電動車驅動控制系統，其中，該轉速臨界值是100轉每分鐘。 The electric vehicle drive control system according to claim 4, wherein the critical value of the rotation speed is 100 revolutions per minute.
TW108208418U 2019-06-28 2019-06-28 Electric vehicle driving control system TWM591186U (en)

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