TWM581518U - Machine tool capable of real-time compensating positional error - Google Patents
Machine tool capable of real-time compensating positional error Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一種可對位置誤差即時補償的工具機，包含一加工頭座、一工件夾頭、一刀塔座、一傳動單元、一量測單元，及一控制單元，該工件夾頭可轉動地設置於該加工頭座後方，該刀塔座可轉動地設置於該工件夾頭後方，該傳動單元連動該刀塔座，該量測單元包括一第一反射器及一雷射量測器，該第一反射器設置於該工件夾頭及該刀塔座的其中一者，並可反射一雷射光，該雷射量測器設置於該加工頭座並可發射該雷射光，並可根據反射回來的該雷射光輸出一對應於所發射的該雷射光與反射回來的該雷射光的偏擺角度的偏擺訊號，該控制單元電連接該傳動單元及該雷射量測器，並可根據該偏擺訊號修正控制該傳動單元運作的命令，以減少位置誤差。The utility model relates to a machine tool capable of instantaneously compensating for position error, comprising a machining head seat, a workpiece chuck, a turret base, a transmission unit, a measuring unit, and a control unit, wherein the workpiece chuck is rotatably disposed on the Behind the processing headstock, the turret is rotatably disposed behind the workpiece chuck, the transmission unit is coupled to the turret, the measuring unit includes a first reflector and a laser measuring device, the first The reflector is disposed on one of the workpiece chuck and the turret, and can reflect a laser beam. The laser measuring device is disposed on the processing head holder and can emit the laser light, and can be returned according to the reflection. The laser light output corresponds to a yaw signal of the yaw angle of the emitted laser light and the reflected laser light, and the control unit is electrically connected to the transmission unit and the laser measuring device, and according to the bias The traverse number corrects commands that control the operation of the drive to reduce positional errors.
Description
本新型是有關於一種工具機，特別是指一種可對位置誤差即時補償的工具機。The invention relates to a machine tool, in particular to a machine tool capable of instantaneously compensating for position errors.
一般的工具機在進行加工時，往往會有位置誤差的發生，為了修正這些位置誤差，會導入一種熱變位補償技術來進行修正，該技術是將該工具機上所測試得到的位置誤差進行數學模型運算後，將所得到的數據套入加工命令中進行運算，藉以消除位置誤差。In the case of general machine tools, position errors often occur during processing. In order to correct these position errors, a thermal displacement compensation technique is introduced to correct the position error caused by the machine tool. After the mathematical model operation, the obtained data is nested into the processing command for calculation, thereby eliminating the position error.
然而，該工具機受到熱的影響極大，一旦發現該工具機因加工中的熱而發生熱變位，會導致位置誤差增大，就必須另外建立適當的數學模型，而前述建立數學模型的方式必須需要花費數天時間，導致產能會嚴重下降。However, the machine tool is greatly affected by the heat. Once the machine tool is found to be thermally displaced due to the heat in the process, the position error will increase, and an appropriate mathematical model must be established, and the aforementioned mathematical model is established. It must take several days, resulting in a serious decline in capacity.
因此，本新型之目的，即在提供一種克服先前技術所述缺點的可對位置誤差即時補償的工具機。Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a machine tool that can compensate for positional errors in real time, overcoming the disadvantages of the prior art.
於是，本新型可對位置誤差即時補償的工具機，應用於加工一待加工件，該可對位置誤差即時補償的工具機包含一加工頭座、一工件夾頭、一刀塔座、一傳動單元、一量測單元，及一控制單元。Therefore, the utility model can be used for processing a workpiece to be processed, and the tool machine capable of instantaneously compensating for position error comprises a machining head seat, a workpiece chuck, a turret base and a transmission unit. , a measuring unit, and a control unit.
該工件夾頭沿一前後方向設置於該加工頭座後方並可繞一沿該前後方向延伸的夾頭軸線轉動地用來夾持該待加工件，該刀塔座沿該前後方向設置於該工件夾頭後方並可繞一刀塔軸線轉動，該傳動單元連動該刀塔座，並可受控制而驅使該刀塔座轉動以及沿一垂直該前後方向的移動方向驅使該刀塔座相對該待加工件移動，該量測單元包括一第一反射器及一雷射量測器，該第一反射器設置於該工件夾頭及該刀塔座的其中一者，並可將來自前方的一雷射光再朝前反射回去，該雷射量測器設置於該加工頭座並可朝後方發射該雷射光，並可根據經由該第一反射器所反射回來的該雷射光輸出一對應於所發射的該雷射光與反射回來的該雷射光的偏擺角度的偏擺訊號，該控制單元電連接該傳動單元及該雷射量測器，並可根據該偏擺訊號修正控制該傳動單元運作的命令，以減少位置誤差。The workpiece chuck is disposed behind the processing head block in a front-rear direction and is rotatable about a chuck axis extending in the front-rear direction for clamping the workpiece to be processed, and the turret is disposed in the front-rear direction Behind the workpiece chuck, and rotatable about a turret axis, the transmission unit interlocks the turret, and can be controlled to drive the turret to rotate and drive the turret relative to the pylon in a vertical direction Moving the workpiece, the measuring unit comprises a first reflector and a laser measuring device, the first reflector is disposed on one of the workpiece chuck and the turret, and can be from the front The laser light is reflected back to the front, and the laser measuring device is disposed on the processing head base and can emit the laser light toward the rear, and can output a corresponding light according to the laser light reflected back through the first reflector. a yaw signal of the yaw angle of the emitted laser light and the reflected yaw light, the control unit is electrically connected to the transmission unit and the laser measuring device, and can control the operation of the transmission unit according to the yaw signal correction The command To reduce the position error.
本新型之功效在於：藉由設置該第一反射器及該雷射量測器，使該控制單元能根據該雷射量測器的該偏擺訊號修正控制該傳動單元運作的命令，而能減少位置誤差。The utility model has the advantages that: by providing the first reflector and the laser measuring device, the control unit can correct the command for controlling the operation of the transmission unit according to the yaw signal of the laser measuring device, and can Reduce positional errors.
參閱圖1、2，本新型可對位置誤差即時補償的工具機之一實施例，應用於加工一待加工件9，該可對位置誤差即時補償的工具機包含一加工頭座2、一工件夾頭3、一刀塔座4、一刀具5、一傳動單元6、一量測單元7，及一控制單元8。Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention capable of instantaneously compensating for position error is applied to machining a workpiece 9 to be processed. The machine tool capable of instantaneously compensating for position error comprises a machining head seat 2 and a workpiece. The chuck 3, a turret 4, a cutter 5, a transmission unit 6, a measuring unit 7, and a control unit 8.
該工件夾頭3沿一前後方向X設置於該加工頭座2後方並可繞一沿該前後方向X延伸的夾頭軸線L1轉動地用來夾持該待加工件9。The workpiece chuck 3 is disposed behind the processing head holder 2 in a front-rear direction X and is rotatable about a chuck axis L1 extending in the front-rear direction X for holding the workpiece 9.
該刀塔座4沿該前後方向X設置於該工件夾頭3後方並可繞一刀塔軸線L2轉動。於本實施例中，該刀塔軸線L2平行於該夾頭軸線L1。The turret base 4 is disposed behind the workpiece chuck 3 in the front-rear direction X and is rotatable about a turret axis L2. In the present embodiment, the turret axis L2 is parallel to the collet axis L1.
該刀具5設置於該刀塔座4以用來加工該待加工件9。The tool 5 is arranged on the turret 4 for machining the workpiece 9 to be machined.
該傳動單元6連動該刀塔座4，並可受控制而驅使該刀塔座4轉動以及沿一垂直該前後方向X的移動方向Y驅使該刀塔座4相對該待加工件9移動。The transmission unit 6 interlocks the turret base 4 and is controlled to drive the turret base 4 to rotate and to move the turret base 4 relative to the workpiece 9 in a moving direction Y perpendicular to the front-rear direction X.
要說明的是，該工件夾頭3的轉動、該刀塔座4的轉動及該傳動單元7的連動方式為一般工具機常用的機械連動技術，且並非本案的主要技術重點，因此本說明書不再進一步說明動作原理。It should be noted that the rotation of the workpiece chuck 3, the rotation of the turret base 4 and the linkage mode of the transmission unit 7 are common mechanical linkage technologies of the general machine tool, and are not the main technical focus of the present case, so this specification does not Further explain the principle of operation.
該量測單元7包括一第一反射器71、一第二反射器72，及一雷射量測器73，該第一反射器71設置於該工件夾頭3，並可將來自前方的一雷射光再朝前反射回去，該第二反射器72設置於該刀塔座4，並可將來自前方的該雷射光再朝前反射回去，該雷射量測器73設置於該加工頭座2並可朝後方發射該雷射光，並可根據經由該第一反射器71所反射回來的該雷射光輸出一對應於所發射的該雷射光與反射回來的該雷射光的偏擺角度的偏擺訊號。The measuring unit 7 includes a first reflector 71, a second reflector 72, and a laser measuring device 73. The first reflector 71 is disposed on the workpiece chuck 3 and can have a front from the front. The laser light is reflected back to the front, the second reflector 72 is disposed on the turret base 4, and the laser light from the front is reflected back forward. The laser measuring device 73 is disposed on the processing head. 2 and emitting the laser light to the rear, and outputting, according to the laser light reflected by the first reflector 71, a deviation corresponding to the yaw angle of the emitted laser light and the reflected laser light Signal number.
該控制單元8電連接該傳動單元6及該雷射量測器73，並可根據該偏擺訊號修正控制該傳動單元6運作的命令，以減少位置誤差。The control unit 8 is electrically connected to the transmission unit 6 and the laser measuring device 73, and can correct the command for controlling the operation of the transmission unit 6 according to the yaw signal to reduce the position error.
參閱圖1、2、3，使用時，當該工件夾頭3帶動該待加工件9轉動時，該第一反射器71會隨該工件夾頭3轉動，由於該雷射量測器73會持續發出該雷射光，因此當該第一反射器71轉動至與該雷射量測器73相對應的一第一預定位置時就會反射該雷射光（見圖1），此時該雷射量測器73就能將該偏擺訊號輸出至該控制單元8，接著該控制單元8根據該偏擺訊號所對應的偏擺角度計算出該工件夾頭3的三軸熱變位，並可用以修正控制該傳動單元6運作的命令，而能讓該刀具5對該待加工件9進行加工時即時減少位置誤差，而達到即時補償位置誤差的效果。Referring to Figures 1, 2, and 3, when the workpiece chuck 3 drives the workpiece 9 to rotate, the first reflector 71 rotates with the workpiece chuck 3, since the laser gauge 73 will The laser light is continuously emitted, so that the laser beam is reflected when the first reflector 71 is rotated to a first predetermined position corresponding to the laser measuring device 73 (see FIG. 1). The measuring device 73 can output the yaw signal to the control unit 8, and then the control unit 8 calculates the triaxial thermal displacement of the workpiece chuck 3 according to the yaw angle corresponding to the yaw signal, and is available. By correcting the command for controlling the operation of the transmission unit 6, the tool 5 can reduce the position error immediately when the workpiece 9 is processed, and the effect of instantly compensating for the position error can be achieved.
參閱圖4，當需要換刀時，由於該刀塔座4轉動時會帶動該第二反射器72隨該刀塔座4轉動，且會於轉動至與該雷射量測器73相對應且不受該第一反射器71阻擋的一第二預定位置時反射該雷射光，因此該控制單元8也能根據該偏擺訊號計算出該刀塔座4的三軸熱變位以及該傳動單元6的偏移的偏移總合，如此就能用以修正控制該傳動單元6運作的命令，而能讓該刀具5在進行換刀時即時減少位置誤差，而同樣能達到即時補償位置誤差的效果。Referring to FIG. 4, when the tool change is required, the second reflector 72 is rotated by the turret base 4 as the turret base 4 rotates, and is rotated to correspond to the laser gauge 73. The laser light is reflected by a second predetermined position that is not blocked by the first reflector 71. Therefore, the control unit 8 can also calculate the triaxial thermal displacement of the turret 4 and the transmission unit according to the yaw signal. The offset of the offset of 6 can be used to correct the command for controlling the operation of the transmission unit 6, and the tool 5 can immediately reduce the position error when performing the tool change, and can also instantly compensate the position error. effect.
要說明的是，在其它的實施態樣中，該量測單元7也可以只包括一第一反射器71及該雷射量測器73，該第一反射器71僅設置於該工件夾頭3及該刀塔座4的其中一者，藉以對該工件夾頭3的三軸熱變位或該刀塔座4的三軸熱變位以及該傳動單元6的偏移的偏移總合修正。It should be noted that, in other implementations, the measuring unit 7 may also include only a first reflector 71 and the laser measuring device 73. The first reflector 71 is only disposed on the workpiece chuck. 3 and one of the turrets 4, whereby the triaxial thermal displacement of the workpiece chuck 3 or the triaxial thermal displacement of the turret 4 and the offset of the displacement of the transmission unit 6 Corrected.
綜上所述，藉由設置該第一反射器71、該第二反射器72及該雷射量測器73，使該控制單元8能根據該雷射量測器73的該偏擺訊號修正控制該傳動單元6運作的命令，而能即時減少位置誤差，不需要如現有技術一般要花費時間建立數學模型，使產能不會下降，故確實能達成本新型之目的。In summary, the control unit 8 can be modified according to the yaw signal of the laser measuring device 73 by providing the first reflector 71, the second reflector 72 and the laser measuring device 73. The command to control the operation of the transmission unit 6 can instantly reduce the position error, and it is not necessary to spend time to establish a mathematical model as in the prior art, so that the production capacity does not decrease, so the purpose of the present invention can be achieved.
惟以上所述者，僅為本新型之實施例而已，當不能以此限定本新型實施之範圍，凡是依本新型申請專利範圍及專利說明書內容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆仍屬本新型專利涵蓋之範圍內。However, the above is only the embodiment of the present invention, and when it is not possible to limit the scope of the present invention, all the simple equivalent changes and modifications according to the scope of the patent application and the contents of the patent specification are still This new patent covers the scope.
2‧‧‧加工頭座 3‧‧‧工件夾頭 4‧‧‧刀塔座 5‧‧‧刀具 6‧‧‧傳動單元 7‧‧‧量測單元 71‧‧‧第一反射器 72‧‧‧第二反射器 73‧‧‧雷射量測器 8‧‧‧控制單元 9‧‧‧待加工件 L1‧‧‧夾頭軸線 L2‧‧‧刀塔軸線 X‧‧‧前後方向 Y‧‧‧移動方向2‧‧‧Processing headstock 3‧‧‧Working chuck 4‧‧‧Knife Tower 5‧‧‧Tools 6‧‧‧Transmission unit 7‧‧‧Measurement unit 71‧‧‧First reflector 72‧‧‧second reflector 73‧‧‧Laser measuring device 8‧‧‧Control unit 9‧‧‧To be processed L1‧‧‧ chuck axis L2‧‧‧Knife axis X‧‧‧ direction Y‧‧‧ moving direction
本新型之其他的特徵及功效，將於參照圖式的實施方式中清楚地呈現，其中： 圖1是本新型可對位置誤差即時補償的工具機的一實施例的一示意圖，說明一第一反射器轉動至一第一預定位置時，且一第二反射器脫離一第二預定位置的狀態； 圖2是該實施例的一電氣方塊圖； 圖3是一類似於圖1的視圖，說明該第一反射器脫離該第一預定位置時，且該第二反射器脫離該第二預定位置的狀態；及 圖4是一類似於圖3的視圖，說明該第一反射器脫離該第一預定位置時，且該第二反射器轉動至該第二預定位置的狀態。 Other features and effects of the present invention will be apparent from the following description of the drawings, in which: 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention capable of instantaneously compensating for positional errors, illustrating a first reflector rotated to a first predetermined position and a second reflector being disengaged from a second predetermined position. status; Figure 2 is an electrical block diagram of the embodiment; Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 1 illustrating the state in which the first reflector is disengaged from the first predetermined position and the second reflector is disengaged from the second predetermined position; Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 3 illustrating the state in which the first reflector is disengaged from the first predetermined position and the second reflector is rotated to the second predetermined position.
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| TWI728757B (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2021-05-21 | 微正股份有限公司 | Direct pose feedback control method and direct pose feedback controlled machine |
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| TWI728757B (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2021-05-21 | 微正股份有限公司 | Direct pose feedback control method and direct pose feedback controlled machine |
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