TWM578044U - A structure to avoid blackout during power shortage or power failure - Google Patents

Abstract

When the electric power capacity of the system is insufficient, power consumers/customers are used to be divided into several groups, and the electricity supply of each group is suspended in some specified time periods, but this policy results in serious damages to some users. In some cases, the electricity supply of traffic signals in the power outage area was also suspended and caused traffic chaos. This method contains an ATS in the power-company side of the duty point. When the power capacity of the system is insufficient, this ATS is switched to make the loads between phase lines offline, but keep the loads between phase lines and the neutral line online. In addition, one of the phase loads will not be interrupted during switching. Moreover, there is an alternative power source introduced to the terminals of another ATS in this method, this ATS is located at the power-company side of the duty point, so there is no need for consumers/customers to prepare alternative power source or ATS, but electric power outage can also be avoided. Therefore, this method will improve the quality of power supply system significantly.

Description

電業電源不足或停電時各用電戶不會完全停電的結構 Structure in which the electricity consumers do not completely lose power when the power supply is insufficient or the power is cut off

本創作係有關輸配電及其自動控制，尤指停電時各用電戶仍可使用單相三線電力。 This creation is related to power transmission and distribution and its automatic control, especially when power consumers are still able to use single-phase three-wire power.

當電業電源不足時，傳統的應對方法為分區輪流停電、分區輪流供電。當電業停電時，世界上普遍電業均沒有拿出方法。只有各用電戶隨人顧性命，在計費電表責任分界點之後或各私人戶內設ATS另外引入區域支援電源應急。 When the power supply of the electric power industry is insufficient, the traditional countermeasures are that the districts are powered off and the districts are alternately powered. When the power industry was out of power, the universal electricity industry in the world did not come up with a method. Only the electricity users will take care of their lives, and after the billing meter responsibility demarcation point or in the private households, ATS will be introduced to provide regional support power emergency.

本創作提出的方法是，當電業電源不足時，用同相供電的方法，卸掉用電戶不重要的負載以降低用電量而達到限電不會完全停電的目的，卸載切換過程中，還可維持其中一相的電力連續性，切換過程中完全不會斷電。而當電業停電時，由區域支援電源用同相供電的方法，由責任分界點(電表前)電業側引入，可讓下游的各用電戶不必各自裝ATS，區域支援電源容量又不必大，如此可以大幅提升電業的供電品質。 The method proposed by this creation is that when the power supply of the electric power industry is insufficient , the method of power supply in the same phase is used to remove the load that is not important to the electric household to reduce the power consumption and achieve the purpose of limiting the power supply without completely powering off. It is also possible to maintain the continuity of power of one of the phases, and there is no power failure during the switching process. When the power industry is out of power , the method of using the same-phase power supply for the regional support power supply is introduced by the power industry side of the responsibility demarcation point (before the meter), so that the downstream users do not have to install the ATS, and the regional support power capacity does not have to be large. This can greatly improve the power quality of the electric industry.

11‧‧‧電業單相三線電源 11‧‧‧Electrical single-phase three-wire power supply

13‧‧‧電業三相四線電源 13‧‧‧Electrical three-phase four-wire power supply

20‧‧‧低頻電驛組(本地現場控制) 20‧‧‧Low-frequency power pack (local site control)

21‧‧‧ATS-1正常/限電1P切換開關 21‧‧‧ATS-1 normal/power limit 1P switch

22‧‧‧拉至電業調度室的控制線(遠端控制) 22‧‧‧ Pulled to the control line of the electric dispatching room (remote control)

23‧‧‧ATS-3正常/限電2P切換開關 23‧‧‧ATS-3 normal/power limited 2P switch

31‧‧‧ATS-2正常或限電/斷電2P切換開關 31‧‧‧ATS-2 normal or power-off/power-off 2P switch

33‧‧‧ATS-4正常或限電/斷電3P切換開關 33‧‧‧ATS-4 normal or power-off/power-off 3P switch

41‧‧‧區域支援電源單相110V 60Hz 41‧‧‧Regional support power supply single phase 110V 60Hz

42‧‧‧區域支援電源單相220V 60Hz 42‧‧‧Regional support power supply single phase 220V 60Hz

51‧‧‧電業單相三線集中計費電表kWh meter(可並聯多戶，只繪出一戶) 51‧‧‧Electrical single-phase three-line centralized billing meter kWh meter (multiple households can be connected in parallel, only one household is drawn)

53‧‧‧電業三相四線集中計費電表kWh meter(可並聯多戶，只繪出一戶) 53‧‧‧Electric three-phase four-line centralized billing meter kWh meter (multiple households can be connected in parallel, only one household is drawn)

60‧‧‧中性線過電流警報蜂鳴器BZ，穿套於中性線靠電磁感應獨立動作，(置於私人宅內聲音容易聽到之處) 60‧‧‧Neutral over-current warning buzzer BZ, wearing a sleeve on the neutral line and relying on electromagnetic induction to operate independently (placed in a private house where the sound is easy to hear)

61‧‧‧用電戶私人區域 61‧‧‧Electric households' private areas

62‧‧‧用電戶的照明(會短暫暫停負載)，ATS-1切換時會短暫斷電 62‧‧‧Electrical lighting (which will temporarily suspend the load), the ATS-1 will briefly power off when switching

63‧‧‧用電戶的AB相之間的冷氣、電熱水器...，限電時會被卸載 63‧‧‧The air-conditioning between the AB phase of the electricity household, the electric water heater... will be unloaded when the power is cut off

64‧‧‧用電戶的插座(不斷電負載)，ATS-1切換時不斷電 64‧‧‧Power outlets (continuous power load), ATS-1 is constantly switching when switching

65‧‧‧三相四線電源接至單相或三相負載 65‧‧‧Three-phase four-wire power supply to single-phase or three-phase load

第1圖係本創作之單相三線系統示意單線圖。 The first picture is a single-line diagram of the single-phase three-wire system of this creation.

第2圖係本創作之三相四線系統示意單線圖。 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-phase four-wire system of this creation.

第1圖係本創作之單相三線系統實施例示意單線圖，而第2圖係本創作之三相四線系統實施例示意單線圖。 Fig. 1 is a schematic single line diagram of a single-phase three-wire system embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a schematic one-line diagram of a three-phase four-wire system embodiment of the present invention.

其中第1圖係說明當電業電源不足或停電時單相三線用電戶不會完全停電的結構，包括一低頻電驛組(本地現場控制)，其內部設置有低頻電驛、控制接點及引出外部控制線；一正常/限電1P切換開關之接點係可切換連接於A相或B相電源；一正常/斷電2P切換開關之兩接點，其中第一接點係可切換連接於正常/限電1P切換開關下游；及一中性線過電流警報蜂鳴器，穿套於中性線靠電磁感應獨立動作，設置於私人宅內聲音容易聽到之處。 The first picture shows the structure that the single-phase three-line households will not completely lose power when the power supply is insufficient or power failure , including a low-frequency power unit (local field control), which is internally equipped with low-frequency power and control contacts. And the external control line is taken out; the contact of a normal/power-limited 1P switch is switchable to the A-phase or B-phase power supply; the two contacts of the normal/power-off 2P switch, wherein the first contact is switchable Connected to the normal / power-limiting 1P switch downstream; and a neutral line over-current alarm buzzer, wearing a sleeve on the neutral line by electromagnetic induction independent action, set in a private house where the sound is easy to hear.

其中電業電源不足或停電時三相四線用電戶不會完全停電的結構，包括一低頻電驛組(本地現場控制)，其內部設置有低頻電驛、控制接點及引出外部控制線；一正常/限電2P切換開關之兩接點，其中第一接點係可切換連接於C相電源及第二接點係可切換連接於B相電源，或同時切換共同連接於A相電源；一正常/斷電3P切換開關之三接點，其中第一及第二接點係分別可切換連接於正常/限電2P切換開關之第一及第二接點，其中第三接點係可切換連接於A相電源；一中性線過電流警報蜂鳴器，穿套於中性線靠電磁感應獨立動作，設置於私人宅內聲音容易聽到之處，同請求項1中性線過電 流警報蜂鳴器。 Among them, the structure of three-phase four-wire power users will not completely lose power when the power supply is insufficient or the power is cut off, including a low-frequency power unit (local field control), which is internally provided with low-frequency power, control contacts and external control lines. ; a normal / power-limiting 2P switch two contacts, wherein the first contact is switchable to the C-phase power supply and the second contact is switchable to the B-phase power supply, or simultaneously switch to the A-phase power supply a three-point switch of the normal/power-off 3P switch, wherein the first and second contacts are respectively switchable to the first and second contacts of the normal/power-limited 2P switch, wherein the third contact is It can be switched to be connected to the A-phase power supply; a neutral line over-current alarm buzzer, which is placed on the neutral line and is independently operated by electromagnetic induction. It is set in a place where the sound of the private house is easy to hear, and the neutral line of the request item 1 is Current alarm buzzer.

以下說明在給定的情境下，兩實施例的實施方式。 The following describes an embodiment of two embodiments in a given context.

[電業電源不足的情境][The situation of insufficient power supply in the electric industry]

在電業電源不足的情境，系統頻率逐漸降低，當降至低頻電驛組(20)內低頻電驛設定的動作頻率(例59.5Hz以下)或電業調度室(22)的遠端卸載控制時，ATS-1(21)[或ATS-3(23)]切換開關將跳至同相供電模式，所以用電戶內的A、B(、C)線間電壓將為0，接於A、B(、C)線間的大型負載自然就無形被卸載掉了。 In the situation where the power supply is insufficient, the system frequency is gradually reduced. When it is reduced to the low frequency power group (20), the low frequency power setting frequency (below 59.5 Hz) or the electric dispatching room (22) remote unloading control When the ATS-1 (21) [or ATS-3 (23)] switch will jump to the in-phase power supply mode, the voltage between the A, B (, C) lines in the consumer will be 0, connected to A, The large load between the B (, C) lines is naturally invisible to be unloaded.

由於A、B(、C)等相的其中一相並無ATS-1(20)[或ATS-3(23)]的切換接點(此處設定為A相)，於是，在切換至同相供電模式的過程中，AN相的供電將不受影響，該相負載將完全不斷電，其他相的負載於切換過程中則有極短暫的停電時間。 Since one of the phases A, B (, C) and the like does not have a switching contact of ATS-1 (20) [or ATS-3 (23)] (here set to phase A), then, switching to the same phase During the power supply mode, the power supply of the AN phase will not be affected, the phase load will be completely uninterrupted, and the load of other phases will have a very short power outage time during the switching process.

全台各地若同時經此快速反應卸載，電業的系統即能穩住而不崩潰，待電源充足、頻率上升後，ATS-1(20)[或ATS-3(23)]回復正常位置，A、B(、C)線間電壓將回復正常，接於A、B(、C)線間的大型負載自然就回復正常供電了。 If all the stations in the whole country are unloaded by this rapid response, the system of the electric industry can be stabilized without collapse. After the power supply is sufficient and the frequency is increased, ATS-1(20)[or ATS-3(23)] returns to the normal position. The voltage between the A and B (C) lines will return to normal, and the large load connected between the A and B (C) lines will naturally return to normal power supply.

[電業停電的情境][The situation of power outages]

當電業電源(11或13)的AN線間無電壓時，代表電業停電，當區域支援電源(41或42)的電壓正常時，ATS-2(31)[或ATS-4(33)]切換開關將跳至由區域支援電源(41或42)的單相同相供電模式，所以用電戶內的A、B(、C)線間電壓將為0，接於A、B(、C)線間的大型負載自然就無形被卸載掉了。各相的負載於切換中會短暫停電，之後由區域支援電源(41或42)穩定供電，待電 業電源(11或13)的AN線間有正常電後，ATS-2(31)[或ATS-4(33)]可回復正常位置，各線間電壓則回復正常，接於A、B(、C)線間的大型負載自然就回復由電業正常供電了。 When there is no voltage between the AN lines of the electric power supply (11 or 13), it represents the power failure of the electric industry. When the voltage of the regional support power supply (41 or 42) is normal, ATS-2 (31) [or ATS-4 (33) The switch will jump to the single-phase power supply mode of the regional support power supply (41 or 42), so the voltage between the A, B (, C) lines in the power supply will be 0, connected to A, B (, C The large load between the lines is naturally invisible to be unloaded. The load of each phase will be briefly suspended during the switching, and then stabilized by the regional support power supply (41 or 42). After normal power is applied between the AN lines of the power supply (11 or 13), the ATS-2 (31) [or ATS-4 (33)] can return to the normal position, and the voltage between the lines returns to normal, and is connected to A and B (, C) The large load between the lines naturally returns to normal power supply by the electric industry.

ATS-1(20)[或ATS-3(23)]切換開關為限電裝置，ATS-2(31)[或ATS-4(33)]切換開關為區域支援電源裝置，將兩者串聯起來接於電業電源與電表之間(詳第1圖及第3圖)，即能達到「電業電源不足或停電時各用電戶不會完全停電」的目的了。 The ATS-1 (20) [or ATS-3 (23)] switch is a power limiting device, and the ATS-2 (31) [or ATS-4 (33)] switch is a regional support power supply device. Connected between the electrical power supply and the electricity meter (see Figure 1 and Figure 3), it can achieve the purpose of "the power supply will not be completely powered off when the power supply is insufficient or the power is cut off."

線路中可另設中性線過電流警報蜂鳴器(60)，穿套於中性線靠電磁感應獨立動作，應置於各私人用電戶內聲音容易被聽到的處所。 A neutral line overcurrent alarm buzzer (60) can be set in the line. The sleeve is placed on the neutral line and is independently operated by electromagnetic induction. It should be placed in a place where the sound of each private household is easily heard.

Claims (7)

一種電業電源不足或停電時單相三線用電戶不會完全停電的結構，包括：一低頻電驛組(本地現場控制)，其內部設置有低頻電驛、控制接點及引出外部控制線；一正常/限電1P切換開關之接點係可切換連接於A相或B相電源；一正常/斷電2P切換開關之兩接點，其中第一接點係可切換連接於正常/限電1P切換開關下游，其中第二接點係可切換連接於A相電源；一中性線過電流警報蜂鳴器，穿套於私人宅內總電源的中性線上靠電磁感應獨立動作，使該中性線過電流警報蜂鳴器之警報聲音容易被聽到。 A structure in which a single-phase three-line power consumer does not completely lose power when the power supply is insufficient or power failure , including: a low frequency power pack (local field control), which is internally provided with a low frequency power switch, a control contact, and an external control line. The contact of a normal/power-limited 1P switch can be switched to be connected to the A-phase or B-phase power supply; the two contacts of a normal/power-off 2P switch, wherein the first contact can be switched to be connected to the normal/limit The electric 1P switch is downstream, wherein the second contact is switchably connected to the A-phase power supply; a neutral line over-current alarm buzzer is worn by the electromagnetic induction independent action on the neutral line of the main power supply in the private house. The alarm sound of the neutral overcurrent alarm buzzer is easily heard. 一種電業電源不足或停電時三相四線用電戶不會完全停電的結構，包括：一低頻電驛組(本地現場控制)，其內部設置有低頻電驛、控制接點及引出外部控制線；一正常/限電2P切換開關之兩接點，其中第一接點係可切換連接於C相電源及第二接點係可切換連接於B相電源，或同時切換共同連接於A相電源；一正常/斷電3P切換開關之三接點，其中第一及第二接點係分別可切換連接於正常/限電2P切換開關之第一及第二接點，其中第三接點係可切換連接於A相電源； 一中性線過電流警報蜂鳴器，穿套於私人宅內總電源的中性線上靠電磁感應獨立動作，使該中性線過電流警報蜂鳴器之警報聲音容易被聽到。 A structure in which three-phase four-wire power users do not completely lose power when the power supply is insufficient or power failure , including: a low-frequency power group (local field control), which is internally provided with low-frequency power, control contacts, and external control a two-contact switch of a normal/power-limited 2P switch, wherein the first contact is switchably connected to the C-phase power supply and the second contact is switchably connected to the B-phase power supply, or simultaneously switched to be commonly connected to the A-phase Power supply; a normal/de-energized 3P switch switch, wherein the first and second contacts are respectively switchable to the first and second contacts of the normal/power-limited 2P switch, wherein the third contact The system can be switched to be connected to the A-phase power supply; a neutral line over-current alarm buzzer is placed on the neutral line of the main power supply in the private house to be independently operated by electromagnetic induction, so that the neutral line over-current alarm buzzer The alarm sound is easy to hear. 如請求項1或請求項2所述之結構，其中低頻電驛組，其控制接點同時受偵測系統電源頻率的低頻電驛及遠方電業調度室的信號控制。 The structure described in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the low-frequency power group, the control node is simultaneously controlled by the low-frequency power of the detection system power frequency and the signal of the remote electric dispatching room. 如請求項1所述之結構，其中之正常/限電1P切換開關，其限電供電由低頻電驛組內的控制接點所控制，限電時1P切換開關將某相的負載切至與另一相的負載並聯由其原電源同相繼續供電，此時電源線的原負載完全不斷電。 The structure of claim 1, wherein the normal/power-limited 1P switch has a power-limited power supply controlled by a control contact in the low-frequency power group, and the 1P switch switches the load of a phase to and from the power limit. The load of the other phase is connected in parallel by the original power supply in the same phase, and the original load of the power line is completely uninterrupted. 如請求項1所述之結構，其中之正常/斷電2P切換開關，其偵測電業斷電後自動切至社區發電機或外部電源，將兩相的負載均切至一相的外部電源配合中性線同相供電。 The structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the normal/power-off 2P switch is automatically cut to a community generator or an external power source after detecting the power failure, and the load of the two phases is cut to an external power supply of one phase. With the neutral line in phase power supply. 如請求項2所述之結構，其中之正常/限電2P切換開關，其限電供電由卸載控制器的控制接點所控制，且限電時負載三線中的二線均切至另一線的電源配合中性線同相供電，此時電源線的原負載完全不斷電。 The structure of claim 2, wherein the normal/power-limited 2P switch, the power-limited power supply is controlled by the control node of the unloading controller, and the second line of the load three lines is cut to the other line when the power is limited. The power supply is supplied with the neutral line in phase, and the original load of the power line is completely uninterrupted. 如請求項2所述之結構，其中之正常/斷電3P切換開關，其偵測電業斷電後自動切至社區發電機或外部電源，三相的負載均切至一相的外部電源配合中性線同相供電。 The structure of claim 2, wherein the normal/power-off 3P switch is automatically switched to the community generator or the external power source after detecting the power failure, and the three-phase load is cut to the external power supply of one phase. The neutral line is powered in phase.