TWM453620U - Speed-limited mechanism - Google Patents
Speed-limited mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- TWM453620U TWM453620U TW101218085U TW101218085U TWM453620U TW M453620 U TWM453620 U TW M453620U TW 101218085 U TW101218085 U TW 101218085U TW 101218085 U TW101218085 U TW 101218085U TW M453620 U TWM453620 U TW M453620U
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Description
本創作係關於一種限速機構，尤指一種適用於小排氣量機車之限速機構。This creation is about a speed limit mechanism, especially a speed limit mechanism for small displacement locomotives.
於一般機車之引擎設計中，其進氣管路之設計與引擎間之相互配合係極為重要，例如，引擎於慢速或稱低轉速時，其所需之進氣管路之截面積較小、長度較長，如此可有利於提高進氣管路內之氣體流速，並因此增強慣性作用以及脈動效果，進而提昇進氣效率、增加引擎扭力。反之，引擎於快速或稱高轉速時，其所需之進氣管路之截面積較大、長度較短，如此可以降低流阻，因而有利於進氣效率之提昇，進而改善燃燒過程，提昇馬力。In the engine design of a general locomotive, the design of the intake line and the interaction between the engines are extremely important. For example, when the engine is at a slow or low speed, the required intake pipe has a small cross-sectional area. The length is longer, which is beneficial to increase the gas flow rate in the intake pipe, and thus enhance the inertia effect and the pulsation effect, thereby improving the intake efficiency and increasing the engine torque. Conversely, when the engine is at a fast or high speed, the required intake pipe has a large cross-sectional area and a short length, which can reduce the flow resistance, thereby facilitating the improvement of the intake efficiency, thereby improving the combustion process and improving horsepower.
然而為了因應國際車輛環保法規的規定，例如像歐盟等，機動車輛之最快速度不能高於時速45公里，為此目前現有小排氣量機車為能在較小幅度改變現有結構下，達到所需速限，較常使用之限速方式通常有二種，第一，如圖1所示，為於連續傳動系統9中裝置一止檔圈91，用以限制連續傳動系統移動範圍，進而限制車輛速度，然而使用此種方式，止檔圈容易因為長時間使用而導致止檔圈磨損，而降低限速功能。However, in order to comply with international vehicle environmental regulations, such as the European Union, the fastest speed of motor vehicles cannot be higher than 45 km per hour. For this reason, the existing small displacement locomotives can change the existing structure to a small extent. Speed limit is required, and there are usually two types of speed limit methods that are commonly used. First, as shown in FIG. 1 , a stop ring 91 is arranged in the continuous transmission system 9 to limit the range of movement of the continuous transmission system, thereby limiting Vehicle speed, however, in this way, the stop ring is easy to wear due to long-term use, and the speed limit function is reduced.
第二為利用控制點火角度來強制讓引擎動力極劇下降，以達到限速目的。如圖2所示，實線為原高速點火角曲 線，亦近似動力曲線，而虛線部份則為高速點火角退角曲線，即透過改變點火角度進而改變動力大小，進而達到限速之目的。然而使用此種方式，因改變點火角度使得點火太過延遲，容易使得引擎排氣溫度遽升，長時間行駛下，排氣管內的結構容易因高溫而龜裂，且觸媒上的貴重金屬容易因為高溫而燒結，甚至融毀。The second is to use the control of the ignition angle to force the engine power to drop dramatically to achieve the speed limit. As shown in Figure 2, the solid line is the original high-speed ignition angle The line also approximates the dynamic curve, while the dotted line is the high-speed ignition angle retreat curve, that is, by changing the ignition angle to change the power size, thereby achieving the speed limit. However, in this way, because the ignition angle is changed, the ignition is too delayed, and the exhaust temperature of the engine is easily soared. Under long-time driving, the structure inside the exhaust pipe is easily cracked due to high temperature, and the precious metal on the catalyst It is easy to sinter due to high temperature and even melt.
創作人原因於此，本於積極發明創作之精神，亟思一種可以解決上述問題之「限速機構」，幾經研究實驗終至完成本創作。The reason for the creator is that, in the spirit of actively inventing and creating, he thought of a "speed limit mechanism" that can solve the above problems, and after several research experiments, he completed the creation.
本創作之限速機構包括有：一進氣結構、一致動器、一引擎轉速感知器、一節流閥開度感知器、以及一控制單元。進氣結構是組設於一機車引擎之一燃燒室與一空氣濾清器之間，包括有一進氣管、一第一節流閥、及一第二節流閥，第一節流閥與第二節流閥容設於進氣管中。第一節流閥將進氣管分別定義出一前進氣管、及一後進氣管，前進氣管與空氣濾清器連通，後進氣管與機車引擎之燃燒室連通，又，第二節流閥之一閥片上開設有一通孔，且第二節流閥是組設於前進氣管、及後進氣管之其一。The speed limit mechanism of the present invention includes: an intake structure, an actuator, an engine speed sensor, a throttle opening sensor, and a control unit. The intake structure is disposed between a combustion chamber of a locomotive engine and an air cleaner, and includes an intake pipe, a first throttle valve, and a second throttle valve, and the first throttle valve is The second throttle valve is accommodated in the intake pipe. The first throttle valve defines a front intake pipe and a rear intake pipe respectively, the front intake pipe is connected with the air cleaner, the rear intake pipe is connected with the combustion chamber of the locomotive engine, and the second throttle valve is one of the valves. A through hole is formed in the sheet, and the second throttle valve is one of the front intake pipe and the rear intake pipe.
致動器與第二節流閥相連接；引擎轉速感知器用以偵測一引擎轉速；節流閥開度感知器與第一節流閥相連接，用以偵測第一節流閥之節流閥開度；控制單元與致動器、 引擎轉速感知器及節流閥開度感知器電連接，並控制致動器作動。The actuator is coupled to the second throttle valve; the engine speed sensor is configured to detect an engine speed; the throttle opening sensor is coupled to the first throttle valve for detecting the first throttle valve section Flow valve opening; control unit and actuator, The engine speed sensor and the throttle opening sensor are electrically connected and control the actuator to actuate.
使用者騎機車時通常藉由控制油門開度，即控制節流閥體旋轉角度，而控制空氣濾清器過濾後之氣體導入引擎中之空氣流量，來控制機車之騎乘速度。在本創作中，當引擎轉速大於一預定轉速、且節流閥開度大於一預定開度時，控制單元會控制致動器，進而控制第二節流閥關閉，使得空氣僅能由第二節流閥之閥片上所開設的通孔通過，以限制流經第一節流閥之空氣流量，使得導入引擎中之空氣流量受到限制，進而控制機車所能到達的最高速度，如此即可在較小幅度改變現有結構下，達到所需限速之目的。When the user rides the locomotive, the riding speed of the locomotive is usually controlled by controlling the throttle opening, that is, controlling the rotation angle of the throttle body, and controlling the air flow rate of the gas filtered by the air filter into the engine. In the present creation, when the engine speed is greater than a predetermined speed and the throttle opening is greater than a predetermined opening, the control unit controls the actuator to control the second throttle to close so that the air can only be second The through hole formed in the valve piece of the throttle valve passes to restrict the flow of air flowing through the first throttle valve, so that the air flow introduced into the engine is limited, thereby controlling the maximum speed that the locomotive can reach, so that A small change in the existing structure to achieve the required speed limit.
上述第二節流閥之閥片上所開設的通孔之面積可約為閥片面積之10~15%，以在第一節流閥全開的情形下，限制通過進氣管至引擎中之空氣流量，達到限速之目的，當然，閥片上所開設之通孔之面積亦可為因應最高限速所需，來改變通孔之面積，另外，用來控制第二節流閥進行開啟或關閉之致動器可為直流馬達。The area of the through hole formed in the valve piece of the second throttle valve may be about 10~15% of the area of the valve plate, so as to restrict the air passing through the intake pipe to the engine when the first throttle valve is fully opened. The flow rate reaches the speed limit. Of course, the area of the through hole opened in the valve piece can also change the area of the through hole according to the maximum speed limit. In addition, it is used to control the second throttle valve to open or close. The actuator can be a DC motor.
上述用來控制第二節流閥關閉之預定轉速可設定為9000轉/分，而預定開度則可設定為80%，若引擎轉速小於預定轉速、或節流閥開度小於預定開度時，控制單元則控制致動器，進而控制第二節流閥開啟。The predetermined rotation speed for controlling the closing of the second throttle valve may be set to 9000 rpm, and the predetermined opening degree may be set to 80%, if the engine rotation speed is less than the predetermined rotation speed, or the throttle opening degree is less than the predetermined opening degree. The control unit controls the actuator to control the opening of the second throttle.
請參閱圖3，圖3係本創作第一較佳實施例第二節流閥開啟之示意圖。本實施例限速機構包括有：一進氣結構、一致動器4、一引擎轉速感知器51、一節流閥開度感知器52、以及一控制單元5。其中，進氣結構是組設於一機車引擎1之一燃燒室11與一空氣濾清器2之間，包括有一進氣管3、一第一節流閥6、及一第二節流閥7，第一節流閥6容設於進氣管3中，並與節流閥開度感知器52相連接，且第一節流閥6將進氣管3分別定義出一前進氣管31、及一後進氣管32，前進氣管31與空氣濾清器2連通，後進氣管32與機車引擎1之燃燒室11連通。第二節流閥7亦容設於進氣管3之前進氣管31中，並與致動器4相連接，且在第二節流閥7之一閥片71上開設有一通孔72，在本實施例中，為配合限制所能達到之最高速度，通孔72之面積約為閥片71面積之10~15%。Please refer to FIG. 3. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the opening of the second throttle valve of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention. The speed limiting mechanism of this embodiment includes: an intake structure, an actuator 4, an engine speed sensor 51, a throttle opening sensor 52, and a control unit 5. The intake structure is disposed between a combustion chamber 11 of a locomotive engine 1 and an air cleaner 2, and includes an intake pipe 3, a first throttle valve 6, and a second throttle valve. 7. The first throttle valve 6 is accommodated in the intake pipe 3 and connected to the throttle opening degree sensor 52, and the first throttle valve 6 defines a front intake pipe 31 for the intake pipe 3, And a rear intake pipe 32, the front intake pipe 31 is in communication with the air cleaner 2, and the rear intake pipe 32 is in communication with the combustion chamber 11 of the locomotive engine 1. The second throttle valve 7 is also disposed in the intake pipe 31 before the intake pipe 3 and is connected to the actuator 4, and a through hole 72 is defined in the valve piece 71 of the second throttle valve 7 at In this embodiment, the area of the through hole 72 is about 10 to 15% of the area of the valve piece 71 in order to meet the maximum speed that can be achieved by the limitation.
引擎轉速感知器51是用以偵測一引擎轉速，節流閥開度感知器52是用以偵測第一節流閥6之節流閥開度，而致動器4則是用以控制第二節流閥7之開啟或關閉，其中，致動器4為直流馬達，而引擎轉速感知器51、節流閥開度感知器52、及致動器4皆與控制單元5電連接，使控制單元5能判斷接收之引擎轉速與節流閥開度，進一步控制致動器4之作動，以開啟或關閉第二節流閥7。意即，當控制單元5接收到之引擎轉速大於一預定轉速、且節流閥開度大於一預定開度時，控制單元5會控制致動器4，進而控制第二節流閥7 關閉，在本實施例中，預定轉速設定為9000轉/分，而預定開度則是80%The engine speed sensor 51 is for detecting an engine speed, the throttle opening sensor 52 is for detecting the throttle opening of the first throttle valve 6, and the actuator 4 is for controlling The second throttle valve 7 is opened or closed, wherein the actuator 4 is a DC motor, and the engine speed sensor 51, the throttle opening sensor 52, and the actuator 4 are electrically connected to the control unit 5, The control unit 5 is enabled to determine the received engine speed and the throttle opening to further control the actuation of the actuator 4 to open or close the second throttle valve 7. That is, when the engine speed received by the control unit 5 is greater than a predetermined speed and the throttle opening is greater than a predetermined opening, the control unit 5 controls the actuator 4 to control the second throttle 7 Shutdown, in the present embodiment, the predetermined rotational speed is set to 9000 rpm, and the predetermined opening degree is 80%.
使用者在騎機車時通常藉由控制油門開度，即控制第一節流閥6之節流閥開度，藉以控制空氣濾清器2過濾後之氣體導入引擎1中之空氣流量，而控制機車速度，如圖3所示，當第一節流閥6未全開時，控制單元5接收引擎轉速小於預定轉速或節流閥開度小於預定開度，則控制單元5會控制致動器4，進而控制第二節流閥7開啟，此時空氣濾清器2過濾後之氣體，仍可隨第一節流閥6所開啟之角度，通過所需之空氣流量。When the user rides the locomotive, the throttle opening degree of the first throttle valve 6 is controlled by controlling the throttle opening degree, thereby controlling the air flow rate of the gas filtered by the air cleaner 2 into the engine 1 to be controlled. Locomotive speed, as shown in FIG. 3, when the first throttle valve 6 is not fully open, the control unit 5 receives the engine speed less than the predetermined speed or the throttle opening degree is less than the predetermined opening degree, then the control unit 5 controls the actuator 4 Then, the second throttle valve 7 is controlled to be opened, and the gas filtered by the air cleaner 2 can still pass the required air flow rate with the angle at which the first throttle valve 6 is opened.
接著請參閱圖4，圖4為本實施例第二節流閥關閉之示意圖。當第一節流閥6全開時，控制單元5同時接收到引擎轉速大於預定轉速且節流閥開度大於預定開度，此時，控制單元5會控制致動器4，進而控制第二節流閥7關閉，則空氣濾清器2過濾後之氣體，僅可由第二節流閥7之閥片71上所開設之通孔72通過，即使第一節流閥6全開，亦可控制流至機車引擎1之燃燒室11中之氣體流量，進而控制機車所能到達的最高速度，如此即可在較小幅度改變現有結構下，達到所需限速之目的。Referring to FIG. 4, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the second throttle valve being closed according to the embodiment. When the first throttle valve 6 is fully open, the control unit 5 simultaneously receives the engine speed greater than the predetermined speed and the throttle opening degree is greater than the predetermined opening degree. At this time, the control unit 5 controls the actuator 4 to control the second section. When the flow valve 7 is closed, the gas filtered by the air cleaner 2 can only pass through the through hole 72 formed in the valve piece 71 of the second throttle valve 7, even if the first throttle valve 6 is fully opened, the flow can be controlled. The flow of gas into the combustion chamber 11 of the locomotive engine 1 controls the maximum speed that the locomotive can reach, so that the desired speed limit can be achieved with a small change in the existing structure.
再來，請參閱圖5，圖5為本創作第二較佳實施第二節流閥關閉組設於後進氣管之示意圖。本實施例與第一較佳實施例不同之處，僅在於第二節流閥7所設置之位置，本實施例中第一節流閥6亦將進氣管3分別定義出一前進氣管31、及一後進氣管32，而第二節流閥7則是設置於進氣管3 之後進氣管32中，當第一節流閥6全開時，控制單元5同時接收到引擎轉速大於預定轉速且節流閥開度大於預定開度，此時，控制單元5會控制致動器4，進而控制第二節流閥7關閉，則空氣濾清器2過濾後之氣體，即使第一節流閥6全開，亦僅可由第二節流閥7之閥片71上所開設之通孔72通過，同樣可控制流至機車引擎1之燃燒室11中之氣體流量，進而控制機車所能到達的最高速度，如此即可在較小幅度改變現有結構下，達到所需限速之目的。Referring to FIG. 5, FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the second preferred embodiment of the second throttle valve being disposed in the rear intake pipe. The difference between this embodiment and the first preferred embodiment is only the position where the second throttle valve 7 is disposed. In the present embodiment, the first throttle valve 6 also defines a front intake pipe 31 for the intake pipe 3 respectively. And a rear intake pipe 32, and the second throttle valve 7 is disposed in the intake pipe 3 After the first throttle valve 6 is fully opened, the control unit 5 simultaneously receives the engine speed greater than the predetermined speed and the throttle opening degree is greater than the predetermined opening degree. At this time, the control unit 5 controls the actuator. 4. Further controlling the second throttle valve 7 to be closed, the gas filtered by the air cleaner 2 can only be opened by the valve piece 71 of the second throttle valve 7 even if the first throttle valve 6 is fully opened. Through the passage of the hole 72, the flow of gas flowing into the combustion chamber 11 of the locomotive engine 1 can also be controlled, thereby controlling the maximum speed that the locomotive can reach, so that the desired speed limit can be achieved with a small change in the existing structure. .
上述實施例僅係為了方便說明而舉例而已，本創作所主張之權利範圍自應以申請專利範圍所述為準，而非僅限於上述實施例。The above-described embodiments are merely examples for convenience of description, and the scope of the claims is intended to be limited to the above embodiments.
1‧‧‧引擎1‧‧‧ engine
11‧‧‧燃燒室11‧‧‧ combustion chamber
2‧‧‧空氣濾清器2‧‧‧Air filter
3‧‧‧進氣管3‧‧‧Intake pipe
31‧‧‧前進氣管31‧‧‧ front intake pipe
32‧‧‧後進氣管32‧‧‧ rear intake pipe
4‧‧‧致動器4‧‧‧Actuator
5‧‧‧控制單元5‧‧‧Control unit
51‧‧‧引擎轉速感知器51‧‧‧Engine speed sensor
52‧‧‧節流閥開度感知器52‧‧‧Throttle opening sensor
6‧‧‧第一節流閥6‧‧‧First throttle valve
7‧‧‧第二節流閥7‧‧‧Second throttle valve
71‧‧‧閥片71‧‧‧ Valves
72‧‧‧通孔72‧‧‧through hole
9‧‧‧連續傳動系統9‧‧‧Continuous drive system
91‧‧‧止檔圈91‧‧‧stop ring
圖1係習知具有止擋圈之連續傳動系統之***圖。Figure 1 is an exploded view of a conventional drive train having a stop ring.
圖2係習知三維點火角度之曲線圖。Figure 2 is a graph of a conventional three-dimensional ignition angle.
圖3係本創作第一較佳實施例第二節流閥開啟之示意圖。Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the opening of the second throttle valve of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
圖4係本創作第一較佳實施例第二節流閥關閉之示意圖。Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the second throttle valve of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention closed.
圖5係本創作第二較佳實施第二節流閥關閉組設於後進氣管之示意圖。FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the second preferred embodiment of the second throttle valve closed in the rear intake pipe.
1‧‧‧引擎1‧‧‧ engine
11‧‧‧燃燒室11‧‧‧ combustion chamber
2‧‧‧空氣濾清器2‧‧‧Air filter
3‧‧‧進氣管3‧‧‧Intake pipe
31‧‧‧前進氣管31‧‧‧ front intake pipe
32‧‧‧後進氣管32‧‧‧ rear intake pipe
4‧‧‧致動器4‧‧‧Actuator
5‧‧‧控制單元5‧‧‧Control unit
51‧‧‧引擎轉速感知器51‧‧‧Engine speed sensor
52‧‧‧節流閥開度感知器52‧‧‧Throttle opening sensor
6‧‧‧第一節流閥6‧‧‧First throttle valve
7‧‧‧第二節流閥7‧‧‧Second throttle valve
71‧‧‧閥片71‧‧‧ Valves
72‧‧‧通孔72‧‧‧through hole
Claims (6)
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| TW101218085U TWM453620U (en) | 2012-09-19 | 2012-09-19 | Speed-limited mechanism |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| TW101218085U TWM453620U (en) | 2012-09-19 | 2012-09-19 | Speed-limited mechanism |
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| TWM453620U true TWM453620U (en) | 2013-05-21 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI548552B (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2016-09-11 | 華創車電技術中心股份有限公司 | Speed control method |
| TWI751808B (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2022-01-01 | 宏佳騰動力科技股份有限公司 | Single air intake channel type air intake regulating structure |
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2012
- 2012-09-19 TW TW101218085U patent/TWM453620U/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI548552B (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2016-09-11 | 華創車電技術中心股份有限公司 | Speed control method |
| TWI751808B (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2022-01-01 | 宏佳騰動力科技股份有限公司 | Single air intake channel type air intake regulating structure |
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| MM4K | Annulment or lapse of a utility model due to non-payment of fees |