M428462 五、新型說明： 【新型所屬之技術領域】 本創作是一種LED燈驅動電路，特別是指高亮度交流 LED燈驅動電路。 【先前技術】 因發光二極體（L E D)具有低成本、低耗電量的特性，故 用於照明的發光燈具中，發光二極體（LeD)已逐漸取代傳統 燈泡。.. .請參考圖5所示’係典型的發光二極體電壓對電流關 係圖’由圖中可見，發光二極體為單向導通的電子元件， 且施加在發光二極體兩端的電壓必須超過其導通電壓（約 0.7V)，才可使發光二極體導通並發光，且電壓須提升到ιν 以上’才可供更大的電流通過發光二極體；請再參考圖6 所示，在室溫（25 C)下，係通過發光二極體之電流大小與其 發光強度之關係圖’由圖可見及，通過發光二極體之電流 越大’其發光強度越強，而一般驅動電路係用來穩定通過 發光二極體的電流’藉此維持發光二極體的發光強度與發 光二極體的使用壽命。 若是將發光二極體直接連接在交流電源（AC input)，因 發光二極體具單向導通的特性，請參考圖7所示，在一個 交流電源的週期中，電壓僅在正半週的一區間T中大於發 光二極體的導通電壓’故發光二極體僅在該區間T中被導 通發光’於區間T ·以外的區域則熄滅，因此將發光二極體 3 M428462 直接應用在交流電源的發光效率是相當不$的 請參考圖8所示’目前常用的作做法；在發光二極體 與與父流電源之間連接一全橋整流器6與—濾波電容。，由 全橋整流器6與遽波電容C將交流電源轉換為—直流電輸 出，該輸出的電壓波形可參考圖9所示，因此，發光二極 體可獲得較穩定的直流電源V。’其中因電壓波形❹波電 容C之充、放電動作而形成漣波(r_e),通過發光二極體 的電流，形可參考圖1Q所示。因通過發光二極體的電流波 形仍有高低起伏的漣波現象，可在電路中額外再設置一定 電，電路，請參考圖η所示，令通過發光二極體的電流為 一定值，以使發光二極體可穩定發光。 請參考圖12所示，雖然濾波電容c可使輸出電壓趨於 穩疋，惟濾波電容c之設置會導致電流相位落後於電壓相 位’使功率因數低落。 是以，為避免功率因數低落，現有許多驅動電路係不 使用電容與電感元件。請參考美國專利第6989807號所揭 不之一 LED驅動電路，如圖13所示，其主要包含—全橋整 "丨l器60 LED燈串70、複數電子開關81〜85與一電壓 檢知暨控制單元9 0。 該全橋整流器60之輸入端連接交流電源，於輸出端輸 出一直流弦波。M428462 V. New description: [New technical field] This creation is an LED lamp driving circuit, especially the high-brightness AC LED lamp driving circuit. [Prior Art] Since the light-emitting diode (L E D) has low cost and low power consumption, the light-emitting diode (LeD) has gradually replaced the conventional light-emitting diode. . . . Please refer to Figure 5 for a typical LED voltage vs. current relationship. As can be seen from the figure, the LED is a unidirectional electronic component and the voltage applied across the LED. The conduction voltage (approx. 0.7V) must be exceeded to allow the LED to conduct and illuminate, and the voltage must be raised above ιν to allow more current to pass through the LED; please refer to Figure 6 At room temperature (25 C), the relationship between the current magnitude of the light-emitting diode and its luminous intensity is shown in the figure. The greater the current through the light-emitting diode, the stronger the light-emitting intensity is, and the general drive The circuit is used to stabilize the current through the light-emitting diode' thereby maintaining the luminous intensity of the light-emitting diode and the lifetime of the light-emitting diode. If the LED is directly connected to the AC input, the LED has a single-pass characteristic. Please refer to Figure 7. During an AC power cycle, the voltage is only in the positive half cycle. In a section T, the conduction voltage of the light-emitting diode is larger than that of the light-emitting diode. Therefore, the light-emitting diode is turned on only in the interval T, and the region other than the interval T is extinguished. Therefore, the light-emitting diode 3 M428462 is directly applied to the alternating current. The luminous efficiency of the power supply is quite no. Please refer to Figure 8 for the current practice. A full bridge rectifier 6 and a filter capacitor are connected between the LED and the parent current source. The full-bridge rectifier 6 and the chopper capacitor C convert the AC power to a DC output. The voltage waveform of the output can be as shown in FIG. 9. Therefore, the LED can obtain a relatively stable DC power supply V. In the case where the chopper (r_e) is formed by the charging and discharging operations of the voltage waveform chopping capacitor C, the current passing through the light emitting diode can be referred to as shown in Fig. 1Q. Because the current waveform of the light-emitting diode still has high and low fluctuations, a certain amount of electricity can be set in the circuit. The circuit is shown in Figure η, so that the current through the light-emitting diode is a certain value. The light-emitting diode can be stably illuminated. Referring to FIG. 12, although the filter capacitor c can make the output voltage tend to be stable, the setting of the filter capacitor c causes the current phase to lag behind the voltage phase to make the power factor low. Therefore, in order to avoid the power factor is low, many existing drive circuits do not use capacitors and inductor components. Please refer to the LED driving circuit disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 6,989,807, as shown in Fig. 13, which mainly includes - full bridge "丨1 60 LED light string 70, complex electronic switch 81~85 and a voltage check Know and control unit 90. The input of the full bridge rectifier 60 is connected to an AC power source and outputs a constant stream at the output.
該LED燈串70包含有複數串聯led單元71〜75，各 LED單元71〜75係包含有至少一發光二極體（在此以五個 LED單元舉例說明之，各LED單元包含有一發光二極體， 以下依序區分為第一至第五LED單元71〜75)，且各LED M428462 以期可準確判斷導通電源路徑電子開關的時機，進而改呈 功率損失與LED燈串無法均句發光之技術缺陷。 。 為達前揭目的，本創作所採用的技術手段是提供一種 高亮度交流LED燈驅動電路，其包含有： 一整流單元，係包含二輸出端，以提供直流弦波電壓 訊號； 一 LED燈_，其一端連接至該整流單元其中一輸出 端’而另-端則透過-電流檢測單元連接至該整流單元的 鲁另輸出端·，又該LED燈串係包含複數串接的LED單元各 LED單元具有一陰極端； 複數電子開關，係分別連接至各LED單元之陰極端與 該電流檢測單元之間，以構成複數高低階電源路徑，其^中 任-階電源路徑包含其上一階電源路㈣咖單元；又各 電子開關具有一控制端； -電流調節單元，係電連接各電子開關的控制端及該 電流檢測單元，於直流弦波電壓訊號的漸升週期中，依據 電流檢測單元檢知的電流大小分別導通由低階至高階電源 路經的電子開關’彳LED燈串@ LED單以少至多被點 为；而於直流弦波電壓訊號的漸降週期中，依據電流檢測 單元檢知的電流大小導通由高階至低階電源路徑的電子開 關，令LED燈串的LED單元由少至多被點減。 因此’相較於先前技術必須預設臨界值並與由整流單 兀輪出的弦波直流比較，本創作驅動電路中的電流調節單 =係直接檢測電源路徑中的電流與預設的電流穩定電流標 準祀圍比車父，α導通對應電源路徑的電子開關，使代表電 7 源路彳望電流的檢測信號可落，握—g 了洛在穩定電流標準範圍中。 综上所述’電流調節單元 p早兀即時根據電源路徑 小對應導通適合的電源路徑 電极大 LED。。H . U $子開關’而使對應數量的 〜早兀… 發光二極體導通特性對於電流調 即早元判斷電源路徑電流大小之影響有限 元可做出較正確的判斷，除了 -凋即早 工… 了使LED燈串可均勻發光，且The LED light string 70 includes a plurality of series LED units 71 to 75, and each of the LED units 71 to 75 includes at least one light emitting diode (here, five LED units are exemplified, each LED unit includes a light emitting diode The following are sequentially divided into first to fifth LED units 71 to 75), and each LED M428462 can accurately determine the timing of turning on the power switch electronic switch, thereby changing the power loss and the LED light string cannot be uniformly illuminated. defect. . In order to achieve the goal, the technical means adopted by the present invention is to provide a high-brightness AC LED lamp driving circuit, which comprises: a rectifying unit comprising two output terminals for providing a DC sine wave voltage signal; One end is connected to one of the output terminals of the rectifying unit, and the other end is connected to the other output end of the rectifying unit through the current detecting unit, and the LED string includes LEDs of a plurality of LED units connected in series The unit has a cathode end; a plurality of electronic switches are respectively connected between the cathode end of each LED unit and the current detecting unit to form a plurality of high- and low-order power paths, wherein the first-order power path includes the upper-order power supply Road (four) coffee unit; each electronic switch has a control end; - a current regulating unit electrically connected to the control end of each electronic switch and the current detecting unit, in the rising period of the DC sine wave voltage signal, according to the current detecting unit The detected current magnitude is respectively turned on by the low-order to high-order power path through the electronic switch '彳LED string @LED single to be as little as the point; and the DC sine wave voltage Gradual reduction in the number of cycles, according to the current detection unit detecting magnitude of the current conducting switch lower order to higher order from the electronic power supply path, so that the LED unit of the LED string is made up at least point minus. Therefore, compared with the previous technology, the threshold value must be preset and compared with the sine wave DC output by the rectifying unit. The current regulation single in the authoring drive circuit is to directly detect the current in the power path and the preset current stability. The current standard is better than the vehicle parent, α turns on the electronic switch corresponding to the power path, so that the detection signal representing the current of the source 7 source can fall, and the hold-g is in the stable current standard range. In summary, the current regulation unit p is early and according to the power path, and the corresponding power path is large. . H. U $ sub-switch 'and the corresponding number of ~ early ... The on-state characteristics of the light-emitting diode for the current adjustment, that is, the influence of the magnitude of the power path current finite element can make a more accurate judgment, except - early Work... so that the LED string can be illuminated evenly, and
功率損失亦得以改善。 〜 A 【實施方式】 甘請參考圖1所示，係本創作較佳實施例的詳細電路圖 2含:整流單元10、一 LED燈串20、複數電子開關30 一檢測單元40與一電流調節單元5〇。 山該整流單元10接收一交流電源（Vac)，且包含兩輸出 端以輸出一弦波電壓訊號，本實施例中以該整流單元彳〇為 —全橋整流器舉例說明，且該全橋整流器輸出一直流弦波 電源。 μ ' 忒LED燈串20具有兩端，其一端係電連接該整流單元 Λ * 的其中一輸出端，而LED燈串20之另一端則透過該電 流檢測單元40連接至該整流單元1 0的另輸出端；其中該Power loss has also been improved. ~ A [Embodiment] Please refer to FIG. 1 for a detailed circuit diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 includes: a rectifying unit 10, an LED string 20, a plurality of electronic switches 30, a detecting unit 40 and a current regulating unit. 5〇. The rectifying unit 10 receives an alternating current power supply (Vac) and includes two output ends for outputting a sine wave voltage signal. In this embodiment, the rectifying unit 彳〇 is a full bridge rectifier, and the full bridge rectifier output is illustrated. A DC sine wave power supply. The μ' 忒LED string 20 has two ends, one end of which is electrically connected to one of the output terminals of the rectifying unit Λ*, and the other end of the LED string 20 is connected to the rectifying unit 10 through the current detecting unit 40. Another output; where
LED燈串20包含複數串接的LED單元Oh〜Dn，且各|_ED 早几I〜Dn具有一陰極端；其中’各led單元Di〜Dn中可 包含單一個或複數個彼此串聯或並聯的發光二極體；該電 机檢測單元40可為一個以上電阻R構成，並可輸出一檢測 信號。 各電子開關30具有一控制端，該複數電子開關30係 ^428462 導通第二階電源路徑的電子開關3〇 ;依 節單元5 0持續比較檢測γ s + ，^電4調 内，若曰 H吕滅是否洛在該穩定電流標準範圍 疋小於該穩定電流標準範圍’則朝 徑導通f* j p弓qn * , 白的電/原路 圍。電子開關30’直到檢測信號落到該穩定電流標準範 於電：的漸升週期中(如第，區間T1至第Μ區間 . 且备檢測信號落於穩定電流標準範圍中時，談 調節單元50預設有一檢測週期，該電流調節單元J將： 二檢測^_期性地朝高_階的電源路徑導通電子開^ ^ ’若電源路徑的電流反應出的檢測信號低於該穩 疋流標準範圍，則即刻切換到低一階的電源路徑，確保 =路㈣電流反應出的檢測信號落在該穩定電流標準範 ，如第4區間丁4至第5區間丁5 已趨於穩定μ 電源路從的電流 π冤机凋即早兀50於第6區間丁6導 :二二階電源路徑的電子開關3〇,惟第二階電源路徑反 :5(^檢Γ信號小於該穩定電流標準範圍，故電流調節單 兀.、7區間丁7時，關閉第二階電源路徑的電子開關 導通第一階電源路徑的電子開心若調高至高一階 電源路徑而電源路徑的雷冷 门 定電流標，範圍中時，二‘的檢測信號仍落在該穩 高-階電源路徑導通電°子：:;3:…0則再週期性地朝 導通電子開關30，因此該電流調節單元50 可追隨漸升的電壓而對應導 早-50 LED單以漸被點亮。 ^的電源路傻，以使 於電壓的漸降週期中 ，，因電壓持續下降，故電源路=了“間 化的電流隨之下降，若 Π M428462 電流調節單元50判斷電源路徑的電流反應出的檢測信號低 於該穩定電流標準範圍時，即導通低一階電源路徑的電子 開關30 ’使較少的[ED單元被導通而令電源路徑的電流提 升’如第21區間T21中，第四階電源路徑的電流反應出的 檢測信號（Isense)小於該穩定電流標準範圍，故該電流調節 單兀50於第22區間T22朝低一階的第三階電源路徑導通 電子開關30，僅使第一至第三led單元D1〜D3發光，而玎 提升電源路徑的電流’使檢測信號提升以落入該穩定電流 標準範圍中；因此該電流調節單元5〇可追隨漸降的電壓而 對應導通更低一階的電源路徑的電子開關，以使較少的led 單元發光。 清參考圖4所示，即使由該整流單元1 0輸出的直流弦 波並非一般常見等峰值的直流弦波，該電流調節單元5〇仍 同樣地判斷電源路徑電流反應出的檢測信號是否落在該穩 定電流標準範圍中，進而對應控制導通某一階的電源路徑 的電子開關，即可使對應數量的LED單元發光，故本創作 可適用在其他型式的交流電源。 藉本創作所設計之電路，因該電流調節單源5〇係根據 電源路徑中的電流大小對應控制導通高階或低階的電源路 裣的電子開關3〇，使該LED燈串2〇可在電壓漸升的週期 中逐漸點冗LED單元D!~Dn ,而在電壓漸降的週期中逐漸 占滅LED單元A〜Dn，如圖3所示，因此使電源路徑的電 流丨led保持定值。相較於先前技術，本創作未使用電感或 電合70件，故不影響功率因數，且發光二極體導通電壓的 大小對於本創作中電流調節單元50判斷電源路徑電流之影 M428462 響有限’因透過本創作的led驅動電路可使led燈串2〇 可以更均勻發光’且電源使用效率更佳。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1 ·本創作較佳實施例詳細電路圖。 圖2 :本創作各元件的波形示意圖。 圖3 .本創作交流電源、[ED燈串與電源路徑電流波形 示意圖。 圖4 ·本創作使用另一交流電源、LED燈串與電源路徑 波形不意圖。 圖5:發光二極體電壓相對電流波形示意圖。 圖6 ··發光二極體在室溫時電流相對發光強度波形圖示 意。 圖7:未經整流的交流電源應用在發光二極體的電壓與 電流波形示意圖。 圖8:交流電源連接整流單元與濾波電容電路圖。 圖9:圖8輸出電壓波形示意圖。 圖1 〇 :圖8迴路電流示意圖。 圖11 ··於圖8增設定電流電路後的迴路電流示意圖。 圖12 :圖8電壓與電流相位關係示意圖。 圖1 3 :已知LED驅動電路詳細電路圖。 圖1 4 :圖1 3的交流電源、LED燈串與電源路徑電流 波形示意.圖。 13 M428462 20 LED燈串 40檢測單元 6全橋整流器 70 LED燈串 【主要元件符號說明】 1 〇整流單元 30電子開關 50電流調節單元 60全橋整流器 71〜75第一〜第五發光二極體 81〜85第一〜第五電子開關 90電壓檢知暨控制單元The LED string 20 includes a plurality of LED units Oh~Dn connected in series, and each |_ED has a cathode end as early as I1~Dn; wherein each of the LED units Di~Dn may include a single one or a plurality of series or parallel connected to each other. The LED detecting unit 40 can be composed of more than one resistor R and can output a detection signal. Each electronic switch 30 has a control end, and the plurality of electronic switches 30 are connected to the electronic switch 3 第二 of the second-order power path; the ensemble unit 50 continuously compares and detects γ s + , ^ 4 is adjusted, if 曰 H If the range of the steady current standard is less than the range of the steady current standard', then the diameter of the ring is turned on by the f*jp bow qn*, the white electric/original path. The electronic switch 30' is tuned to the adjustment unit 50 until the detection signal falls within the rising period of the steady current standard: (e.g., the interval T1 to the Μ interval. and the detection signal falls within the stable current standard range) Presetting a detection period, the current adjustment unit J will: • detect the power path to the high-order power path to turn on the electrons ^ ^ ' If the current signal of the power path reflects a detection signal lower than the steady current standard The range is immediately switched to the lower first-order power path, ensuring that the detection signal reflected by the current (four) current falls within the steady current standard range, such as the fourth interval D4 to the fifth interval D5 has stabilized the μ power supply path The current π 冤 即 即 即 于 于 于 于 于 于 于 于 于 于 于 于 于 于 于 于 于 于 于 于 : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : Therefore, the current adjustment unit 兀., 7 interval 丁7, the electronic switch that turns off the second-order power path turns on the electronic energy of the first-order power path. If the electronic switch is turned up to the high-order power path and the lightning path of the power path is fixed, In the range, two's The detection signal still falls on the steady-state power path to conduct the current sub-::; 3: ... 0 and then periodically turn on the electronic switch 30, so the current adjustment unit 50 can follow the rising voltage and correspond to the early -50 LED single is gradually lit. ^ The power supply is stupid, so that the voltage is gradually decreasing, because the voltage continues to drop, so the power supply circuit = "inter-current decreases, if Π M428462 current When the adjusting unit 50 determines that the detection signal of the current path of the power path is lower than the stable current standard range, that is, the electronic switch 30' that turns on the low-order power path causes less [ED unit is turned on to increase the current of the power path. 'In the 21st interval T21, the detection signal (Isense) reflected by the current of the fourth-order power supply path is smaller than the stable current standard range, so the current adjustment unit 50 is in the second order of the lower first order in the 22nd section T22. The power path turns on the electronic switch 30 to cause only the first to third LED units D1 to D3 to emit light, and the current of the boosting power supply path 'rises the detection signal to fall within the stable current standard range; therefore, the current adjusting unit 5 The electronic switch that turns on the lower-order power path can be followed to follow the decreasing voltage, so that fewer LED units emit light. As shown in FIG. 4, even if the DC sine wave output by the rectifying unit 10 is not normal The common peak-shaped DC sine wave, the current adjusting unit 5 〇 still determines whether the detection signal reflected by the power path current falls within the stable current standard range, and correspondingly controls the electronic switch that turns on the power path of a certain order, The corresponding number of LED units can be illuminated, so this creation can be applied to other types of AC power. By the circuit designed by this creation, the current regulation single source 5〇 is controlled according to the current in the power path. Or the electronic switch 3〇 of the low-order power supply circuit, so that the LED light string 2〇 can gradually redunde the LED unit D!~Dn in the period of voltage rising, and gradually occupy the LED in the period of voltage diminishing. The cells A to Dn are as shown in Fig. 3, so that the current 丨led of the power supply path is kept constant. Compared with the prior art, this design does not use 70 inductors or electricity, so it does not affect the power factor, and the size of the LED's turn-on voltage is different for the current regulator unit 50 in determining the power path current of the current M428462. Because the led drive circuit through the creation can make the led light string 2 〇 can be more uniformly illuminated 'and the power use efficiency is better. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a detailed circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2: Waveform diagram of each component of the creation. Figure 3. This is an AC power supply, [ED string and power path current waveform diagram. Figure 4 • This creation uses another AC power source, LED string and power path waveforms. Figure 5: Schematic diagram of the relative current waveform of the LED. Fig. 6 shows the waveform of the current relative luminous intensity at room temperature. Figure 7: Schematic diagram of the voltage and current waveforms of a non-rectified AC power source applied to a light-emitting diode. Figure 8: AC power supply connection rectifier unit and filter capacitor circuit diagram. Figure 9: Schematic diagram of the output voltage waveform of Figure 8. Figure 1 〇: Schematic diagram of the loop current in Figure 8. Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the loop current after setting the current circuit in Fig. 8. Figure 12: Schematic diagram of the voltage versus current phase relationship of Figure 8. Figure 13: Detailed circuit diagram of a known LED driver circuit. Figure 1 4: Figure 1 shows the AC power supply, LED string and power path current waveform. 13 M428462 20 LED light string 40 detection unit 6 full bridge rectifier 70 LED light string [main component symbol description] 1 〇 rectification unit 30 electronic switch 50 current adjustment unit 60 full bridge rectifier 71~75 first to fifth light emitting diode 81~85 first ~ fifth electronic switch 90 voltage detection and control unit
1414