M408439 五、新型說明： 【新型所屬之技術領域】 種用於補 本新型是有關於一種控制模組，特別是指一 償熱變形的工具機的主軸補償控制模組。 【先前技術】 參閱圖1 ’以—般立式銳床1為例，主要包含有承載一 被加工件A的一基座11、設置在該基座u的一立桎12、 依循該立柱12沿一 Z軸方向升、降位移的一主軸座，及 可旋動的穿經該主軸座13且用於安裝—刀具B的一主軸Μ 。藉此’以該主軸14帶動該刀具B高逮運轉，且相對該被 加工件A沿該Z軸位移，達到加工的目的。 該主軸14在高速運轉的情形下，往往會產生超過 以上的溫昇熱變形誤差，導致該刀具b超出預設的 進給订程d，而無法落在正確的加卫彳立置，而嚴重影響加工 精度。因Λ，國内現今工具機技術發展的關鍵，將在於如 何有效的控制熱變形誤差，而#中又以熱變形誤差補償為 最省時、低成本的改善技術。 目别的熱變形誤差補償技術主要是以溫度、熱變形量 為參數，建立熱變形誤差的補償資料庫，惟，目前安裝在 工具機且用於偵測溫度或變形量的感測器，一般都遠離該 刀具B，因此，在產生熱變形的機構，不僅僅只有該主軸 14還包含該刀具B與該主軸座13的情形下，補償的精確 度會隨著感測器與刀具B的距離愈大而降低，致使補償的 效果不如預期。 3 M408439 【新型内容】 因此，本新型之目的，即在提供一種能夠提升補償準 確性及提升加工精度的工具機的主軸補償控制模組。 於是，該工.具機具有—立柱、依循該立柱位移的一主 轴座、可旋動的穿經該主轴座的一主轴、安裝在該立柱且 驅動該主軸座的-第一馬達，及安裝在該主轴座且驅動該 主轴的-第二馬達’該主轴具有顯露在該主轴座外且連結 八的鈿。卩。本新型的主轴補償控制模組包含一距離 感測器、-溫度感測器，及—中控單元。該距離感測器安 裝在該主轴座而鄰近該主轴端部，且用於偵測該主轴沿一 第方向的伸長里’做為判斷該主轴變形i的依據。該溫 度感測器安裝在該主軸座而鄰近該主軸端部，且用於偵測 ，主軸座的溫度，做為判斷該刀具變形量的依據。該中控 單元與該距離感測n、該溫度感測器、該第—馬達、該第 二馬達電連接，且依據伸長量、溫度等參數決定預設的一 補償參數’及依據前述補償參數’控制該第一馬達驅動該 主轴座沿反向於該第-方向的一第二位方向位移一補償量 ，進而補償前述變形量。 本新型的功效是以安裝在該主軸座而鄰近該主轴端部 的距離感測器’縮減與該主轴端部的距離，及以伸長量及 溫度等至少二項參數’做為判斷該主轴與該刀具變形量的 依據’進而提升補償量的有效性，及提升加工精度。 【實施方式】 & 有關本新型之前述及其他技術内容、特點與功效，在 M408439 以下配合參考圓式之一個&彳土 a 清楚的呈現。 4貫施例的詳細說明令，將可 在一：:：Γ本新型主軸支撐控制模組-較佳實施例安裝 在一工具機2。該工具機2 乂一 7 k 具有一立柱21、依猶該立柱21 /〇— Z轴位移的—主抽庙 座2、可紅動的穿經該主軸座22且 用於連結一刀具23的一主益 , 轴24、女裝在該立柱21且用於 驅動該主軸座22的一第_民、去w R 弟馬達25，及安裝在該主轴座22 24高_轉的—第二馬達％。該主抽座 2:具有沿該z轴安裝且供該主轴24穿福的一轴套η卜該 ^ 24具有顯露在該軸套221外且夾持該刀具η的一端 ^241。參„2、_3’及圖4’該主軸支撐控制模組包 二：件3、一距離感測器4、-溫度感測器5、-震動感 測态6，及一中控單元7。 A j壤件3套置在該絲24 —外表面，在本較佳實施例 為金屬材料。 ，該距離感測器4安裂在該主軸座22的軸套221内，而 鄰近該主軸24的端部24卜且與該環件3相對而相隔一間 距士。在本較佳實施例中，該距離感測器4是—種渦電流位 移计’感測原理為：當來自於該距離感測器4的磁力線誘 發待測物(即該主軸24上的環件3)的傳輸表面產生渦電流時 ’會使該環件3變成傳導材料，致使該環件3的位移量與 輸出電壓呈現線性關係。 … 該溫度感測器5安裝在該主軸座22的軸套221内，而 鄰近該主輛24端部241與該刀具23。 5 M408439 該震動感測器6在本較佳實施例是一種加速度規，且 安裝在該主軸座22。 該中控單元7與該距離感測器4、該溫度感測器5、該 震動感應器6、該第一馬達25'該第二馬達26電連接，且 依據伸長量、溫度等參數決定預設的一補償參數D，並具有 —熱誤差模型資料庫。該熱誤差模型資料庫的建立是以 前述伸長量、溫度、該刀具23與該主軸24的材料、長度 、寬度、體積，及加工環境之變數為參考數據，且前述補 償參數V選自於該熱誤差模型資料庫。 當該工具機2啟動，且該主轴24因為溫升而沿一第一 方向Z1產生變形時，該距離感測器4會偵測與該環件3間 渴電流的變化值’而獲得該主軸24的伸長量，且回傳給該 中控單元7,使該中控單元7以前述伸長量做為判斷該主軸 24變形量的依據。而該溫度感測器5會偵測由該刀具η透 ㈣主軸24傳遞至該主軸座22的溫度’並回傳給該中控 單，7’由於該溫度感測器5鄰近該刀具23，因此，該中 控單元7是以前述溫度做為判斷該刀具23變形量的依據。 藉此，當前述伸長量或溫度超過該中控單元7 一預# :長量或一預設溫度時’該中控單元7就會依據前述伸： ^溫度等參數’由該熱誤差模型資料庫決㈣設的一補 償參數D，並控制該第一馬達25 驅動該主軸座22沿反向於 i第一方向zi的一第二位方向Z2位移 償前述變形量。 補償量，進而補 另外，在§玄主轴24轉動的過程中， 該震動感測器M408439 V. New description: [New technical field] The new type is related to a control module, especially the spindle compensation control module of a machine tool that compensates for heat deformation. [Prior Art] Referring to FIG. 1 , an example of a vertical vertical bed 1 mainly includes a base 11 carrying a workpiece A, a vertical raft 12 disposed on the base u, and following the column 12 a spindle seat that is raised and lowered along a Z-axis direction, and a spindle that is rotatably passed through the spindle holder 13 and used to mount the tool B. Thereby, the tool B is driven by the spindle 14 and is displaced relative to the workpiece A along the Z axis to achieve the purpose of processing. In the case of high-speed operation, the spindle 14 tends to generate more than the above temperature rise thermal deformation error, causing the tool b to exceed the preset feed schedule d, and cannot fall on the correct erection, but serious Affect the processing accuracy. Because of this, the key to the development of today's machine tool technology will be how to effectively control the thermal deformation error, and the thermal deformation error compensation in # is the most time-saving and low-cost improvement technology. The thermal deformation error compensation technology mainly uses the temperature and thermal deformation as parameters to establish a compensation database for thermal deformation error. However, the sensor currently installed in the machine tool and used for detecting temperature or deformation is generally used. Far away from the tool B, therefore, in the case of the mechanism that generates thermal deformation, not only the spindle 14 but also the tool B and the spindle seat 13, the accuracy of the compensation will vary with the distance between the sensor and the tool B. The larger and lower, the effect of compensation is not as expected. 3 M408439 [New content] Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a spindle compensation control module for a machine tool that can improve the accuracy of compensation and improve machining accuracy. Therefore, the machine has a column, a spindle seat that follows the displacement of the column, a spindle that can be rotated through the spindle seat, a first motor mounted on the column and drives the spindle seat, and an installation A second motor that drives the spindle at the spindle mount has a bore that is exposed outside the spindle mount and that is coupled to eight. Hey. The novel spindle compensation control module comprises a distance sensor, a temperature sensor, and a central control unit. The distance sensor is mounted on the spindle holder adjacent to the spindle end and is used to detect the elongation of the spindle in a first direction as a basis for determining the spindle deformation i. The temperature sensor is mounted on the spindle holder adjacent to the spindle end and is used for detecting the temperature of the spindle seat as a basis for determining the amount of deformation of the tool. The central control unit is electrically connected to the distance sensing n, the temperature sensor, the first motor, and the second motor, and determines a preset compensation parameter according to parameters such as elongation and temperature, and according to the foregoing compensation parameter 'Controlling the first motor to drive the spindle seat to be displaced by a compensation amount in a second direction opposite to the first direction, thereby compensating for the amount of deformation. The function of the present invention is to reduce the distance from the end of the spindle by the distance sensor mounted on the spindle seat adjacent to the end of the spindle, and determine the spindle with at least two parameters such as elongation and temperature. The basis of the tool deformation amount is to increase the effectiveness of the compensation amount and improve the machining accuracy. [Embodiment] & The foregoing and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention are clearly presented below the M408439 in conjunction with the reference circle type & The detailed description of the four embodiments will be installed in a machine tool 2 in a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The machine tool 2 has a column 21, a main pumping seat 2, which is displaced by the 21/〇-Z axis of the column, 2 can be red-moved through the spindle seat 22 and used to connect a cutter 23. a main shaft, a shaft 24, a pair of women's shoes on the column 21 for driving the spindle base 22, and a second motor mounted on the spindle seat 22 24 %. The main pumping seat 2: has a bushing n. which is mounted along the z-axis and is provided for the spindle 24 to pass through, and has an end 241 which is exposed outside the bushing 221 and holds the tool η. The spindle support control module package 2: 3, a distance sensor 4, a temperature sensor 5, a vibration sensing state 6, and a central control unit 7. A j soil member 3 is disposed on the outer surface of the wire 24, which is a metal material in the preferred embodiment. The distance sensor 4 is cracked in the sleeve 221 of the spindle holder 22 adjacent to the spindle 24 The end portion 24 is opposite to the ring member 3 and spaced apart from each other. In the preferred embodiment, the distance sensor 4 is an eddy current displacement meter. The sensing principle is: when from the distance When the magnetic force line of the sensor 4 induces an eddy current when the transmission surface of the object to be tested (ie, the ring member 3 on the main shaft 24) generates an eddy current, the ring member 3 becomes a conductive material, so that the displacement amount and the output voltage of the ring member 3 are caused. A linear relationship is presented. The temperature sensor 5 is mounted in the sleeve 221 of the spindle housing 22 adjacent to the end portion 241 of the main vehicle 24 and the cutter 23. 5 M408439 The vibration sensor 6 is preferably implemented An example is an acceleration gauge and is mounted on the spindle holder 22. The central control unit 7 and the distance sensor 4, the temperature sensor 5, the vibration sense The second motor 26 is electrically connected to the first motor 25', and a preset compensation parameter D is determined according to parameters such as elongation, temperature, etc., and has a thermal error model database. The thermal error model database The calculation is based on the aforementioned elongation, temperature, material, length, width, volume of the tool 23 and the spindle 24, and the variation of the processing environment, and the compensation parameter V is selected from the thermal error model database. When the machine tool 2 is started and the spindle 24 is deformed in a first direction Z1 due to temperature rise, the distance sensor 4 detects a change value of the thirst current between the ring member 3 and obtains the spindle. The elongation of 24 is returned to the central control unit 7 so that the central control unit 7 uses the aforementioned elongation as a basis for determining the amount of deformation of the spindle 24. The temperature sensor 5 detects the tool η. Transmitting (4) the temperature transmitted by the main shaft 24 to the main shaft base 22 and returning it to the central control unit, 7' because the temperature sensor 5 is adjacent to the cutter 23, therefore, the central control unit 7 is determined by the aforementioned temperature. The basis of the amount of deformation of the cutter 23. When the quantity or temperature exceeds the central control unit 7: a pre-#: long amount or a preset temperature, the central control unit 7 will be set according to the above-mentioned extension: ^ temperature and other parameters by the thermal error model database (4) Compensating for the parameter D, and controlling the first motor 25 to drive the spindle seat 22 to displace the amount of deformation in a second direction Z2 opposite to the first direction zi of the i. The amount of compensation, and then the additional, in the § Xuan spindle 24 The vibration sensor during the rotation
偵測該主軸座22的震動值，藉此，當前述震動值超過該中 控單元7的一震動預設值時，該中控單元7就會控制該第 二馬達26降低轉速，進而降低震動的幅度，使該主軸24 在轉速降低的情形下，進一步減缓溫升的速率。 據上所述可知，本新型的工具機的主軸補償控制模組 具有下列優點及功效： 1、本新型的距離感測器4、溫度感測器5安裝在該主 軸座22的端部221 ’不但能夠縮減與該主軸24端部241及 八23的距離，且感測的溫度能夠最接該刀具23實際 的溫度，進而能提升感測時的精確度。 况2、且本新型是以該主轴24的伸長量，及該刀具^的 溫度等至少二項參數’做為判斷該主轴Μ與該刀具Μ變 形量的依據’在參考因更完備的情形下，能夠進一步提升 補償量的有效性，及提升加工精度。 本新型也能夠藉由震動值的大小，判斷是 動r 24轉速的依據，使該主轴24在轉速降低、： 動幅度減緩的情形下’進一步減緩溫升的速率。 以上所述者，僅為本新型之較佳實施例而已，當: 本新型實施之範圍，即大凡依本新型申請專; 軏圍及新型說明内容所作 屬本新型真利P 間早的專效變化與修飾，皆> 柯型專利涵蓋之範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 二是;侧視圖’說明一般的立式銑床； 圖2疋—正視圖，邙 說月本新型主軸支撐控制模組的 M408439 較佳實施例安裝在一工具機； 圖3是該較佳實施例的一放大圖 圖4是該較佳實施例的一方塊圖 M408439 【主要元件符號說明】 2 ..........工具機 21 .........立柱 22 .........主軸座 221.......軸套 23 .........刀具 24 .........主軸 241.......端部 25 .........第一馬達 26 .........第二馬達 3 ..........環件 4 ..........位移感側器 5 ..........溫度感測器 6 ..........震動感測器 7 ..........中控單元Detecting the vibration value of the spindle holder 22, wherein when the vibration value exceeds a vibration preset value of the central control unit 7, the central control unit 7 controls the second motor 26 to reduce the rotation speed, thereby reducing the vibration. The magnitude of the spindle 24 further slows down the rate of temperature rise in the event of a reduced speed. According to the above description, the spindle compensation control module of the machine tool of the present invention has the following advantages and effects: 1. The distance sensor 4 and the temperature sensor 5 of the present invention are mounted on the end 221 ' of the spindle seat 22 Not only can the distance from the end portions 241 and 八23 of the main shaft 24 be reduced, but the sensed temperature can be connected to the actual temperature of the cutter 23, thereby improving the accuracy in sensing. 2, and the present invention is based on the elongation of the spindle 24, and the temperature of the tool ^, at least two parameters 'as the basis for determining the amount of deformation of the spindle Μ and the tool '' in the case of a more complete reference It can further improve the effectiveness of the compensation amount and improve the machining accuracy. The present invention can also determine the basis of the rotational speed of the r 24 by the magnitude of the shock value, so that the spindle 24 further slows down the rate of temperature rise in the case where the rotational speed is lowered and the dynamic amplitude is slowed down. The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention. When: The scope of the implementation of the present invention is that the application of the novel is based on the application of the new type; Changes and modifications, both > within the scope of the Ke patent. [Simple diagram of the diagram] Second, the side view 'describes the general vertical milling machine; Figure 2疋—front view, the M408439 preferred embodiment of the new spindle support control module is installed in a machine tool; Is an enlarged view of the preferred embodiment. FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the preferred embodiment. M408439 [Major component symbol description] 2 ..... machine tool 21 . .. upright 22 ......... spindle seat 221....... bushing 23 ......... tool 24 ......... spindle 241.. .....end 25 .........the first motor 26 ....the second motor 3 ..... ring member 4 ... ....... Displacement side sensor 5 ..... temperature sensor 6 ..... vibration sensor 7 ........ .. central control unit