M364859 五、新型說明： 【新型所屬之技術領域】 本新型是有關於一種泥砂濃度及流速超音波量測裝置 ’特別是指一種可拆式泥砂濃度及流速超音波量測裂置。 【先前技術】 每逢大雨時，河川坡陡流急地區的河水往往挾帶大量 泥砂，甚至使泥砂運移淤積於水庫，而泥砂濃度及流速等 " 資訊有助於水利人員了解及分析當地水文特性的變遷，並 > 作為國土規劃的基礎。因此對於泥砂濃度及流速量測之即 時性及準確度，對於長期觀測及蒐集常時或洪峰期間的泥 砂濃度及流速極為重要。 參閱圖1 ’ 一種流速計9包含一藉其自身重量沉滞於河 "il中之錯魚體91、一壓差感測裝置92及一讀取裝置93 ; 錯魚體91表面呈流線型，尾部設有穩流用的尾翼96，内部 並界定出一容置空間90，感測裝置92裝設於容置空間90 .内。鉛魚體91分別在前端設有一總壓孔94，且在腹周緣設 有多數靜壓孔95，感測裝置92的總壓管921與靜壓管922 ” 以頭端設探針分別與總壓孔94、靜壓孔95連接，末端則與 一腸膜式差壓計923相連接，膈膜式差壓計923將探針所 量得之壓力值換算及產生成一流體壓力差值之電子訊號， 讀取敦置93則依據該電子訊號轉換成一電腦可讀之流速值 以供觀測者直接讀取。 然而’利用該流速計9僅能測得流體流速，並無法取 於同時、同地之不同流體參數（如：流速或泥砂濃度）。 3 M364859 【新型内容】 有鑑於先前技術僅能使用單一測速功能，無法選擇性 的探測流速或泥砂濃度’因此’本新型之目的，即在提供 一種探測流速或泥砂流速之可拆式泥砂濃度及流速超音波 量測裝置。 於是，本新型可拆式泥砂濃度及流速超音波量測裝置 疋置放於一流體中以量測該流體之特性，包含一第一探測 模組、一第二探測模組、一支架、一沉水筒及一結合單元 0 該第-探測模組具有-發射/接收—第—超音波訊號之 第—探頭組，及一依據第一超音波訊號運算一第一運算結 果之第一處理器。 "π w，设叹一罘二超音波訊號 第二探頭組，及一依據第二超音波訊號運算一第二運算 果之第二處理器。 0該支架具有一内部供安裝該第—探測模組之架體； :水筒具有一供安裝該第二探測模組之筒身；該結合單 將该支架可拆卸地固定於該筒身。 支拆式泥砂濃度及流速超音波量測裝置藉由' 利用 =探測模組並將支架安裝於沉水筒，如此 進4 第一探測模組及沉水筒之第二探測模組兩: 進仃探測，若拆下支架， 行探,、1丨丨.而± A 則了由/儿水同之第二探測模組: ’，架及第—㈣模組亦可單獨進行探測，以; 到不同探測功能的用途。 、J 乂· M364859 【實施方式】 有關本新型之前述及其他技術内容、特點與功$文，& 以下配合參考圖式之較佳實施例的詳細說明中，將可、、主楚 的呈現。 參閱圖2,本新型可拆式泥砂濃度及流速超音波量測f 置100之較佳實施例是置放於一流體（如：河流 水、水潭、水庫）中以量測流體之特性。 水道、湖M364859 V. New description: [New technical field] The new type is related to a sediment concentration and flow velocity ultrasonic measuring device ‘in particular, it refers to a detachable mud sand concentration and flow velocity ultrasonic measuring crack. [Prior Art] During heavy rains, the rivers in the steep slopes of rivers and rivers often carry a large amount of muddy sand, and even the silt is transported and deposited in the reservoir, and the concentration and flow rate of the mud and sand are helpful to the water conservancy personnel to understand and analyze the local Changes in hydrological characteristics, and as a basis for national planning. Therefore, the timing and accuracy of mud sand concentration and flow rate measurement are extremely important for long-term observation and collection of mud concentration and flow rate during constant or peak periods. Referring to Fig. 1 'A flow meter 9 includes a wrong fish body 91, a differential pressure sensing device 92 and a reading device 93, which are stagnant in the river by its own weight; the surface of the wrong fish body 91 is streamlined, tail The slewing device 96 is disposed in the accommodating space 90. The sensing device 92 is disposed in the accommodating space 90. The lead fish body 91 is respectively provided with a total pressure hole 94 at the front end, and a plurality of static pressure holes 95 are provided at the periphery of the abdomen, and the total pressure tube 921 and the static pressure tube 922 of the sensing device 92 are respectively provided with probes at the head end and total The pressure hole 94 and the static pressure hole 95 are connected, and the end is connected with a gut-type differential pressure gauge 923. The diaphragm type differential pressure gauge 923 converts the pressure value measured by the probe and generates an electron of a fluid pressure difference. The signal, read Dunhuang 93, is converted into a computer-readable flow rate value for direct reading by the observer. However, 'the flow rate meter 9 can only measure the fluid flow rate, and cannot be taken at the same time, the same place Different fluid parameters (eg flow rate or mud sand concentration) 3 M364859 [New content] In view of the prior art, only a single speed measurement function can be used, and the flow rate or mud sand concentration cannot be selectively detected. Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide A detachable mud sand concentration and flow velocity ultrasonic measuring device for detecting a flow rate or a muddy sand flow rate. Thus, the novel detachable mud sand concentration and flow velocity ultrasonic measuring device is placed in a fluid to measure the characteristics of the fluid. The first detection module, the second detection module, a bracket, a submersible cylinder and a combination unit 0. The first detection module has a - probe group for transmitting/receiving - the first ultrasonic signal, and a first processor that computes a first operation result based on the first ultrasonic signal. "π w, sets a second probe set of the second ultrasonic signal, and a second operation based on the second ultrasonic signal The second processor is 0. The bracket has an internal frame for mounting the first detecting module; the water tube has a barrel for mounting the second detecting module; the binding sheet is detachably attached to the bracket Fixed to the barrel. Discharged mud concentration and flow rate ultrasonic measuring device by using the = detection module and mounting the bracket to the submerged cylinder, thus entering the first detection module and the second detection mode of the submersible cylinder Group 2: Into the sputum detection, if the bracket is removed, the finder, 1 丨丨. and ± A is the second detection module from / 儿水: ', the frame and the - (4) module can also be carried out separately Detection, to; the use of different detection functions., J 乂 · M364859 [implementation The above and other technical contents, features, and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the drawings. Referring to FIG. 2, the present invention The preferred embodiment of the detachable mud concentration and flow rate ultrasonic measurement is set in a fluid (eg, river water, water pool, reservoir) to measure the characteristics of the fluid.
泥砂濃度及流速超音波量測裝置100包含二支架iP 及一沉水筒2,二支架1、1，位於及底面，且其中—支架i 可拆卸地固定於可拆式泥砂濃度及流速超音波量測裴置 '丨卯 之頂面，另一支架1’則不可拆卸地固定於泥砂濃度及流迷 超音波量測裝置100之底面。 ' 參閱圖3,支架1具有一中空的架體u，内部安裴有第 一探測模組31 ;沉水筒2具有一中空的筒身21，其筒身幻 内部安裝-第二探測模組32;為使支架i之架體u可 地固定於筒身21 ’泥砂濃度及流速超音波量測裝置ι〇 包含-結合單元23 ’結合單元23為多數個螺鎖元件，用以 將支架1之架體II可拆卸地固定於筒身21。 /儿水筒2之筒身21約長5〇公分左右，外型採流線型 設計並於後端加裝三組尾翼22，有助於導流而減少對流場 之干擾’同身21頂侧—附加吊Θ叫供綁設固线索，且 吊勾211對應整體童,、、、你罢| f 4位置以有助於垂降及提拉時保持平穩 矛…A 之外，筒身21底側還可以設另一吊勾（圖 未不）供加掛其他儀器（如壓力計、二維流速儀），或者於 M364859 沉潛入高流速水文環境的情況下加掛重物以維持平穩。 支架1還具有一第一連接部41，且沉水筒2具有一電 性連接第-連接部41之第二連接部A其中 組31以一傳輸線4Π電性連接第. ' 朱屑杈 ± 連接第―連接部4卜第二探測模 M2以-傳輸線412電性連接第二連接部42，第—連接部 I1螺及接第=接部42是電_㈣鎖型时料，將接仙 互螺接後即可達到防水且傳遞訊號的功能。The mud sand concentration and flow rate ultrasonic measuring device 100 comprises two brackets iP and a submerged water tank 2, two brackets 1, 1 and a bottom surface, and wherein the bracket i is detachably fixed to the detachable mud sand concentration and the flow rate ultrasonic wave volume The other side of the measuring device is placed on the top surface of the ultrasonic measuring device 100. Referring to FIG. 3, the bracket 1 has a hollow frame u with a first detecting module 31 mounted therein; the submersible barrel 2 has a hollow barrel 21, and the barrel is slidably mounted internally - the second detecting module 32 In order to enable the frame u of the bracket i to be fixed to the barrel 21', the mud concentration and the flow rate of the ultrasonic measuring device ι〇 include-bonding unit 23 'the unit 23 is a plurality of screw-locking elements for the bracket 1 The frame body II is detachably fixed to the barrel body 21. / The cylinder of the water cylinder 2 is about 5 cm long, and the outer shape is designed with a streamlined design and three sets of tails 22 are added at the rear end to help the flow and reduce the interference to the flow field. The sling is called to tie the solid clues, and the hook 211 corresponds to the overall child, and, and you stop | f 4 position to help the sag and lift to maintain a smooth spear... A, the bottom side of the barrel 21 You can set another hook (not shown) for additional instruments (such as pressure gauges, two-dimensional flow meters), or add heavy weights to maintain stability when the M364859 sinks into a high-flow hydrological environment. The bracket 1 also has a first connecting portion 41, and the submerged cylinder 2 has a second connecting portion A electrically connected to the first connecting portion 41. The group 31 is electrically connected by a transmission line 4Π. The second detecting module M2 is electrically connected to the second connecting portion 42 by the transmission line 412. The first connecting portion I1 is screwed and the second connecting portion 42 is electrically _ (four) locking type material, which will be connected with the snail After the connection, the function of waterproofing and transmitting signals can be achieved.
/閲圖4’第-探測模組31用以量測泥砂濃度，具有 第-電力供應單兀310、—第一處理器311、一第一探頭 組312、第-溫度感測器313、一第—壓力感測器314、—' 第一記憶單元315及一第一傳輸介面316。 電力供應單元310供應第一探測模組31内部電力第 處理器311具有-控制電子元件協調運作之控制單元斯 及一受控制單元3(Π之時序控制令第—探頭組312發射/接 收一第一超音波訊號的驅動電路302。/ FIG. 4' The first detecting module 31 is configured to measure the mud sand concentration, and has a first power supply unit 310, a first processor 311, a first probe group 312, a temperature sensor 313, and a first detector group The first pressure sensor 314, the first memory unit 315 and a first transmission interface 316. The power supply unit 310 supplies the first detection module 31 internal power. The processor 311 has a control unit for controlling the coordinated operation of the electronic components and a controlled unit 3 (the timing control command of the first stage - the probe group 312 transmits/receives a first A drive circuit 302 for an ultrasonic signal.
詳細來說，驅動電路302是用正弦脈衝（sine匕⑻） 驅動第-探頭組312,其驅動電壓由控制單元則根據接收 信號大小進行可調適之設定；控制單元3〇1之第一運算結 果是將超音波信號的振幅積分’利用其訊號㈣衰減量盘 泥二濃度的對應關係，帶入事先率定求出的超音波能量衰 減-濃度關係的公式，藉此計算出泥砂濃度值。 第一溫度感測器313及第一壓力感測器314將測得之 溫度、壓力訊號藉輸出給控制單元3〇1，控制單元3〇1將前 述泥砂濃度值、溫度及壓力值儲存於第一記憶單元315，或 M364859 透過第一傳輸介面316直接輸出予電腦5。 第二探測模組32具有—電力供應單元31〇,、-第二處 理器311’、一第二探頭組312，、—第二溫度感測器313，、 -第二壓力感測器314，一第二記憶單元315，，及—第二 傳輸介面316’。 電力供應單元3H)，供應第二探測模組32内部電力，第 二探頭組312,發射/接收-第二超音波訊號，第三處理器 311，依據第二超音波訊號計算流速，相似於第—處理器3ΐι 第一處理器311也具有-控制電子元件協調運作之控制 單元則’及—受控制單&卿之時序控制令第二探頭組 312’發射/接收第二超音波訊號的驅動電路册，，隸制單 元30Γ亦將第二溫度感測器313，測得之第二溫度訊號及第 二壓力感測器314,測得之第二壓力訊號運算處理或直接存 於第二記憶單元316,。 第二處理器3U，不同於第一處理器311是計算泥砂濃 第一運算結果是以第二探頭組312,接收的超音波訊 唬傳遞時間的改變量來推算水流速度，且 以100MHz時脈計算。 了 本實施例中，第二探頭組312，的探頭採 ’ = 了叫此兩方向的兩傳遞時間“2二 T21，/、肌速汁鼻公式如式丨至式3所示 dxIn detail, the driving circuit 302 drives the first probe group 312 with a sinusoidal pulse (sine匕(8)), and the driving voltage thereof is adaptively set by the control unit according to the received signal size; the first operation result of the control unit 3〇1 The amplitude integral of the ultrasonic signal is calculated by taking the correlation between the amplitude of the signal (four) attenuation and the concentration of the mud, and the formula of the ultrasonic energy attenuation-concentration obtained by the prior calculation is calculated, thereby calculating the concentration of the muddy sand. The first temperature sensor 313 and the first pressure sensor 314 output the measured temperature and pressure signals to the control unit 3〇1, and the control unit 3〇1 stores the mud concentration value, temperature and pressure value in the first A memory unit 315, or M364859, is directly output to the computer 5 through the first transmission interface 316. The second detecting module 32 has a power supply unit 31, a second processor 311', a second probe group 312, a second temperature sensor 313, and a second pressure sensor 314. A second memory unit 315, and - a second transmission interface 316'. The power supply unit 3H) supplies the internal power of the second detecting module 32, the second probe group 312, the transmitting/receiving-second ultrasonic signal, and the third processor 311 calculates the flow rate according to the second ultrasonic signal, similar to the first - processor 3 ΐ i the first processor 311 also has a control unit that controls the coordinated operation of the electronic components - and - the controlled single & qing timing control causes the second probe set 312 ' to transmit/receive the second ultrasonic signal The second volume sensor 313, the second temperature signal and the second pressure sensor 314 are measured, and the second pressure signal is measured or directly stored in the second memory. Unit 316,. The second processor 3U is different from the first processor 311 in calculating the mud sand concentration. The first operation result is the second probe group 312, and the received ultrasonic wave transmission time change amount is used to calculate the water flow speed, and the 100 MHz clock is used. Calculation. In this embodiment, the probe of the second probe group 312 adopts the two transmission times of the two directions "2 two T21, /, the muscle speed juice nose formula is as shown in the formula dx dx"
X^L C{x) -f V(χ) cos Γ21 = a (式1) T\2 dx (式2) 〇 C(x)-p(x) cos a · 7 M364859 v T12-T21 L · T\2 + T2\ 2cosa (式 3) 其中，L是聲波傳遞路徑長度；c是水中傳遞聲波速 度；a是聲波路徑與水流方向之夾角；v(x)是沿著聲音方 向之水流速度；及V是沿著聲音路徑之直線速度。 需說明的是，前述第一探頭組312或第二探頭組312, 發射信號用的探頭與對應的接收信號用的探頭，或交替發 射的探頭，設置的前、後位置不限，只要各探頭組之接收 端能有效接收對應發射端所發出的發射信號即可。 此外，設置第一連接部41及第二連接部42的作用在 於使第一探測模組31、第二探測模組32相連接以提供外部 電腦5對於第一探測模組31、第二探測模組32進行分散式 控制；然而，第一探測模組31、第二探測模組32亦可各自 儲存本身的探測結果，等到探測完畢後，由使用者自行以 電腦5分別連接第一傳輸介面316或第二傳輸介面316,取 出探測數值即可。 综上所述，本新型可拆式泥砂濃度及流速超音波量測 裝置1〇〇藉由在支架1内裝設第一探測模組31並將支架i 可拆卸地安裝於沉水筒2外部，如此可利用支架丨内的第 —探測模組31及沉水筒2内之第二探測模組32兩者進行 探測，若拆下支架1，則可由固定於沉水筒2内部之第二探 測模組32進行探測；或單獨以支架i之第一探測模組^ 進行彳未測’故確實能達成本新型之目的。 ^惟以上所述者，僅為本新型之較佳實施例而已，當不 能以此限定本新型實施之範圍，即大凡依本新型中請二利 M364859 範圍及新型說明内容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆仍 屬本新型專利涵蓋之範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1是一示意圖，說明先前技術的一種流速計； 圖2是一立體圖’說明本新型可拆式泥砂濃度及流速 超音波量測裝置之較佳實施例；X^LC{x) -f V(χ) cos Γ21 = a (Formula 1) T\2 dx (Formula 2) 〇C(x)-p(x) cos a · 7 M364859 v T12-T21 L · T \2 + T2\ 2cosa (Formula 3) where L is the length of the acoustic wave transmission path; c is the velocity of the acoustic wave transmitted in the water; a is the angle between the acoustic path and the direction of the water flow; v(x) is the velocity of the water along the direction of the sound; V is the linear velocity along the sound path. It should be noted that, the first probe group 312 or the second probe group 312, the probe for transmitting signals and the corresponding probe for receiving signals, or the probes for alternately transmitting, the front and rear positions are not limited, as long as the probes are provided. The receiving end of the group can effectively receive the transmitting signal sent by the corresponding transmitting end. In addition, the first connecting portion 41 and the second connecting portion 42 are disposed to connect the first detecting module 31 and the second detecting module 32 to provide the external computer 5 for the first detecting module 31 and the second detecting module. The group 32 performs distributed control; however, the first detection module 31 and the second detection module 32 can also store their own detection results. After the detection is completed, the user connects the first transmission interface 316 to the computer 5 by the user. Or the second transmission interface 316, the detection value can be taken out. In summary, the detachable mud sand concentration and flow rate ultrasonic measuring device 1 可 detachably mounts the bracket 1 in the outside of the submerged tank 2 by installing the first detecting module 31 in the bracket 1 Therefore, both the first detection module 31 in the bracket and the second detection module 32 in the submerged cylinder 2 can be used for detection. If the bracket 1 is removed, the second detection module fixed inside the submerged cylinder 2 can be used. 32 to detect; or to use the first detection module of the bracket i to perform the undetected test, so the purpose of the present invention can be achieved. However, the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is not possible to limit the scope of the implementation of the present invention, that is, the simple equivalent of the range of the new M136859 and the new description of the present invention. Changes and modifications are still within the scope of this new patent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a flow meter of the prior art; FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a preferred embodiment of the present detachable mud sand concentration and flow rate ultrasonic measuring device;
圖3疋一不意圖，說明本新型之較佳實施例内部元件 的組合關係；及 之較佳實施例的第 圖4是一系統方塊圖，說明本新型 一探測模組及第二探測模組具有之元件。 M364859 【主要元件符號說明】 100 .......泥砂濃度及流速 311， ......第二處理器 超音波量測裝置 312 · ……第一探頭組 1 ' Γ ····支架 312, ……第二探頭組 11 ·· .......架體 313 ••…第一溫度感測器 2 ··· 313, ……第二溫度感測器 21 ·· ……筒身 314 · ……第一壓力感測器 211 ……吊勾 314, ……第二壓力感測器 22·· "••…尾翼 315 ••…第一記憶單元 31·· .......第一探測模組 315, ……第二記憶單元 32·· .......第二探測模組 316 · ......苐 傳輸介面 301 、301’控制單元 316, ……第二傳輸介面 302 、302’驅動電路 41、 42第一、第二連接部 310 —第一電力供應單元 411、 > 412傳輸線 310’…第二電力供應單元 5 ..........電腦 311 .......第一處理器 103 is a schematic diagram showing the combination of the internal components of the preferred embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 4 is a system block diagram illustrating the detection module and the second detection module of the present invention. Has the components. M364859 [Description of main component symbols] 100 ....... mud sand concentration and flow rate 311, ... second processor ultrasonic measuring device 312 · ... first probe group 1 ' Γ ··· · Bracket 312, ... second probe set 11 ··.......frame 313 ••...first temperature sensor 2 ··· 313, ... second temperature sensor 21 ·· ... ...tube 314 · ... first pressure sensor 211 ... hook 314, ... second pressure sensor 22 · · "••...tail 315 ••...first memory unit 31·· .. ..... first detection module 315, ... second memory unit 32 ..... second detection module 316 · ... 苐 transmission interface 301, 301 'control unit 316, ... the second transmission interface 302, 302' drive circuit 41, 42 first, second connection portion 310 - first power supply unit 411, > 412 transmission line 310' ... second power supply unit 5 .... ...computer 311 .......the first processor 10