TWI845368B - Headjoint assembly of flute family musical instrument - Google Patents
Headjoint assembly of flute family musical instrument Download PDFInfo
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- TWI845368B TWI845368B TW112124938A TW112124938A TWI845368B TW I845368 B TWI845368 B TW I845368B TW 112124938 A TW112124938 A TW 112124938A TW 112124938 A TW112124938 A TW 112124938A TW I845368 B TWI845368 B TW I845368B
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- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 101000701286 Pseudomonas aeruginosa (strain ATCC 15692 / DSM 22644 / CIP 104116 / JCM 14847 / LMG 12228 / 1C / PRS 101 / PAO1) Alkanesulfonate monooxygenase Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 101000983349 Solanum commersonii Osmotin-like protein OSML13 Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 description 8
- 101000983338 Solanum commersonii Osmotin-like protein OSML15 Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001020 Au alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003353 gold alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- MOFOBJHOKRNACT-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel silver Chemical compound [Ni].[Ag] MOFOBJHOKRNACT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010956 nickel silver Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本發明係有關於一種笛頭組件，尤其是指一種用於長笛家族樂器之笛頭組件。The present invention relates to a mouthpiece assembly, and more particularly to a mouthpiece assembly for a flute family musical instrument.
長笛是管樂和室內樂中主要的高音旋律吹奏樂器，其主結構為一個開有數個音孔的圓柱型長管，並具有多個可遮蓋或露出音孔的按鍵。長笛本身通常是由木質材料（如烏木或椰木）或金屬材料（如鎳銀合金、銀合金，金合金或白金和金）所組成。木質材料長笛的音色特點是圓潤、溫暖與細膩，金屬材料長笛的音色則比較清亮。The flute is the main high-pitched melody wind instrument in wind and chamber music. Its main structure is a cylindrical long tube with several sound holes and multiple keys that can cover or expose the sound holes. The flute itself is usually made of wood (such as ebony or coconut wood) or metal (such as nickel-silver alloy, silver alloy, gold alloy or platinum and gold). The timbre of a wooden flute is round, warm and delicate, while the timbre of a metal flute is clearer.
請參閱第一圖至第三圖，第一圖係顯示先前技術中之笛頭組件與笛身組件分解後之局部立體圖，第二圖係顯示先前技術中笛頭組件之組成元件分解圖，第三圖係顯示第一圖中笛頭組件沿A-A剖面之剖面視圖。如第一圖至第三圖所示，從結構上來看，先前技術中的長笛主要包含笛頭組件PA1、笛身組件PA2與笛尾組件(圖未示)，其中笛頭組件PA1主要包含一笛頭管PA11、一反響板PA12、一軟木PA13、一鎖固螺桿PA14、一迫緊板PA15、一笛頭螺帽PA16與一連接管PA17。Please refer to the first to third figures, the first figure is a partial three-dimensional diagram of the mouthpiece assembly and the flute body assembly in the prior art after being decomposed, the second figure is an exploded diagram of the components of the mouthpiece assembly in the prior art, and the third figure is a cross-sectional view of the mouthpiece assembly along the A-A section in the first figure. As shown in the first to third figures, from a structural point of view, the flute in the prior art mainly includes a mouthpiece assembly PA1, a flute body assembly PA2 and a flute tail assembly (not shown), wherein the mouthpiece assembly PA1 mainly includes a mouthpiece tube PA11, a reverberation plate PA12, a cork PA13, a locking screw PA14, a clamping plate PA15, a mouthpiece nut PA16 and a connecting tube PA17.
笛頭管PA11包含一本體部PA111與一唇墊部PA112。本體部PA111為一中空管結構，並在兩端開設一第一端開口PAOP1與一第二端開口PAOP2。唇墊部PA112係設置於本體部PA111之外周壁，位於第一端開口PAOP1與第二端開口PAOP2之間，並且開設有一吹奏氣孔PABH。The mouthpiece PA11 includes a body PA111 and a lip pad PA112. The body PA111 is a hollow tube structure, and has a first end opening PAOP1 and a second end opening PAOP2 at both ends. The lip pad PA112 is disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the body PA111, between the first end opening PAOP1 and the second end opening PAOP2, and has a blowing hole PABH.
迫緊板PA15係設置於本體部PA111鄰近於第一端開口PAOP1處，並起固定於本體部PA111內。反響板PA12係位於本體部PA111內鄰近於唇墊部PA112處。軟木PA13係設置於迫緊板PA15與反響板PA12之間，鎖固螺桿PA14係自反響板PA12延伸出，依序穿過軟木PA13、迫緊板PA15並螺合固定於笛頭螺帽PA16。笛頭螺帽PA16可螺合或卡合於第一端開口PAOP1，藉以封閉第一端開口PAOP1並固定於笛頭管PA11。在以上結構中，反響板PA12與軟木PA13的作用如同一笛頭塞(Stopper）。The clamping plate PA15 is disposed at the body PA111 adjacent to the first end opening PAOP1 and fixed in the body PA111. The resonant plate PA12 is located in the body PA111 adjacent to the lip pad PA112. The cork PA13 is disposed between the clamping plate PA15 and the resonant plate PA12. The locking screw PA14 extends from the resonant plate PA12, passes through the cork PA13 and the clamping plate PA15 in sequence, and is screwed and fixed to the mouthpiece nut PA16. The mouthpiece nut PA16 can be screwed or clamped to the first end opening PAOP1 to close the first end opening PAOP1 and be fixed to the mouthpiece tube PA11. In the above structure, the reverberation board PA12 and the cork PA13 act like a mouthpiece stopper.
緊接著，說明以上相關結構之主要作用如下：藉由調整鎖固螺桿PA14鎖入笛頭螺帽PA16的螺牙數，可以微調反響板PA12的位置，也就是調整笛頭塞至第二端開口PAOP2之間的距離，藉以調整反響節點位置與有效管長；藉由反響板PA12與迫緊板PA15可以迫緊夾固軟木PA13，使軟木PA13提供一彈性恢復力；且藉由軟木PA13所提供的彈性恢復力，可以推抵固定反響板PA12以避免反響板PA12受氣流或聲波震盪而歪斜。Next, the main functions of the above-mentioned related structures are explained as follows: by adjusting the number of threads of the locking screw PA14 locked into the mouthpiece nut PA16, the position of the reverberation plate PA12 can be fine-tuned, that is, the distance between the mouthpiece plug and the second end opening PAOP2 can be adjusted to adjust the position of the reverberation node and the effective tube length; the reverberation plate PA12 and the clamping plate PA15 can be clamped and clamped with the cork PA13, so that the cork PA13 provides an elastic restoring force; and the elastic restoring force provided by the cork PA13 can push and fix the reverberation plate PA12 to prevent the reverberation plate PA12 from being skewed by airflow or sound wave vibration.
然而，在先前技術的上述結構中，卻存在一個極為嚴重而難以克服的問題。這個問題就是軟木PA13的材質本身就容易萎縮變形，再加上長期被反響板PA12與迫緊板PA15所緊迫而產生彈性疲乏，更加劇了萎縮變形的程度。一旦萎縮變形到了一定的程度，不但無法再為反響板PA12提供足夠的彈性恢復力而維持固定的反響節點位置與有效管長，而且還會產生裂縫而導致漏氣現象的發生，因而導致嚴重的音準偏差問題。However, in the above structure of the prior art, there is a very serious and difficult to overcome problem. The problem is that the material of softwood PA13 itself is easy to shrink and deform, and the long-term compression by the reverberation board PA12 and the pressing board PA15 causes elastic fatigue, which further aggravates the shrinkage and deformation. Once the shrinkage and deformation reaches a certain degree, not only can it no longer provide sufficient elastic recovery force for the reverberation board PA12 to maintain a fixed reverberation node position and effective tube length, but it will also produce cracks and cause air leakage, thus causing serious pitch deviation problems.
有鑒於在先前技術中，採用迫緊軟木以固定反響板的手段容易產生嚴重的音準偏差問題；本發明之主要目的在於開發出一種新的結構來達到固定反響節點位置與維持有效管長的目的，藉以解決嚴重的音準偏差問題。據此，本發明為解決先前技術之問題所採用之一種必要技術手段為提供一種長笛家族樂器之笛頭組件，其係用以組裝於一長笛家族樂器之一笛身組件，並且包含一笛頭管與一連接管。In view of the fact that the method of fixing the reverberation board by tightening the cork in the prior art is prone to cause serious pitch deviation problems, the main purpose of the present invention is to develop a new structure to achieve the purpose of fixing the reverberation node position and maintaining the effective tube length, so as to solve the serious pitch deviation problem. Accordingly, a necessary technical means adopted by the present invention to solve the problems of the prior art is to provide a mouthpiece assembly of a flute family musical instrument, which is used to be assembled on a flute body assembly of a flute family musical instrument and includes a mouthpiece tube and a connecting tube.
笛頭管包含一本體部與一唇墊部。本體部係為一具有一封閉端與一開口端之一體式構件，並且開設有一開口與一氣流震盪腔室。開口係開設於開口端。氣流震盪腔室係自開口朝向封閉端延伸開設，並在鄰近於該封閉端處具有一反響凹曲面。The mouthpiece includes a body and a lip pad. The body is an integral component having a closed end and an open end, and is provided with an opening and an air flow vibration chamber. The opening is provided at the open end. The air flow vibration chamber extends from the opening toward the closed end and has a resonant concave surface adjacent to the closed end.
唇墊部係在封閉端與開口端之間，自本體部一體成型地凸伸出，開設有連通於氣流震盪腔室之一吹奏氣孔，以供一演奏者之一嘴唇靠近以將一吹入氣流吹入該氣流震盪腔室，並使吹入氣流在反響凹曲面震盪反響以產生一吹奏聲波。連接管係***固定於開口端，並且延伸出開口以供組裝於笛身組件。以上所述之長笛家族樂器可為高音長笛、中音長笛、低音長笛與短笛中之任意一者。The lip pad is formed between the closed end and the open end, and protrudes from the main body in an integral manner. A blowing hole connected to the air flow vibration chamber is provided, so that a player's lips can approach to blow an inflow into the air flow vibration chamber, and the inflow vibrates and reverberates on the reverberating concave surface to generate a blowing sound wave. The connecting tube is inserted and fixed at the open end, and extends out of the opening for assembly to the flute body assembly. The flute family musical instrument described above can be any one of a treble flute, an alto flute, a bass flute and a piccolo.
以上述必要技術手段為基礎，可再衍生出以下附屬技術手段，較佳者，反響凹曲面可為一半球形凹曲面或一弧形凹曲面。笛頭組件更可包含一笛頭冠，本體部之封閉端更開設有一笛頭冠安裝槽，且笛頭冠係安裝固定於笛頭冠安裝槽。此外，針對笛頭組件的材質部分，較佳者，笛頭管可為一木質笛頭管或一金屬材質笛頭管；且連接管可為一金屬材質連接管。Based on the above necessary technical means, the following additional technical means can be derived. Preferably, the resonant concave surface can be a hemispherical concave surface or an arc-shaped concave surface. The mouthpiece assembly can further include a mouthpiece crown, and the closed end of the body is further provided with a mouthpiece crown mounting groove, and the mouthpiece crown is mounted and fixed in the mouthpiece crown mounting groove. In addition, with respect to the material part of the mouthpiece assembly, preferably, the mouthpiece tube can be a wooden mouthpiece tube or a metal mouthpiece tube; and the connecting tube can be a metal connecting tube.
綜合以上所述，由於在本發明所提供之長笛家族樂器之笛頭組件中，笛頭管本身為具有一封閉端與一開口端之一體式構件，因此在從開口端朝向封閉端開設氣流震盪腔室後，可使氣流震盪腔室中鄰近於封閉端之反響凹曲面始終維持與開口端之距離一致，以確保反響節點位置與有效管長始終都能維持一致，藉此達到經過長期使用後，仍能維持固定音準的功效。In summary, in the mouthpiece assembly of the flute family musical instrument provided by the present invention, the mouthpiece tube itself is an integrated component having a closed end and an open end. Therefore, after an air flow vibration chamber is opened from the open end toward the closed end, the reverberation concave curved surface adjacent to the closed end in the air flow vibration chamber can always maintain a consistent distance from the open end, so as to ensure that the reverberation node position and the effective tube length can always be maintained consistent, thereby achieving the effect of maintaining a fixed pitch after long-term use.
由於本發明所提供之長笛家族樂器之笛頭組件，可廣泛運用於各種長笛家族樂器，故在此不再一一贅述，僅列舉其中較佳的一個實施例來加以具體說明，且此實施例僅用以方便、明晰地輔助說明本發明實施例的目的與功效。Since the mouthpiece assembly of the flute family musical instrument provided by the present invention can be widely used in various flute family musical instruments, it will not be described one by one here. Only a preferred embodiment is listed to be specifically explained, and this embodiment is only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose and effect of the embodiment of the present invention.
請參閱第四圖至第六圖，第四圖係顯示本發明較佳實施例所提供之笛頭組件與現有笛身組件分解後之局部立體圖，第五圖係顯示本發明較佳實施例所提供之笛頭組件之組成元件分解圖，第六圖係顯示第四圖中笛頭組件沿B-B剖面之剖面視圖。如第四圖至第六圖所示，一種長笛家族樂器之笛頭組件1，其係用以組裝於一長笛家族樂器之一笛身組件2，並且包含一笛頭管11、一連接管12與一笛頭冠13。Please refer to the fourth to sixth figures, the fourth figure is a partial stereogram showing the mouthpiece assembly provided by the preferred embodiment of the present invention and the existing flute body assembly after being decomposed, the fifth figure is a decomposition diagram showing the components of the mouthpiece assembly provided by the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the sixth figure is a cross-sectional view of the mouthpiece assembly along the B-B section in the fourth figure. As shown in the fourth to sixth figures, a mouthpiece assembly 1 of a flute family musical instrument is used to be assembled on a
本發明所述的長笛家族樂器是指與長笛構造相似或音色相近之樂器家族群體中之任意一者，也就是高音長笛、中音長笛、低音長笛與短笛中之任意一者。長笛家族樂器所屬的樂器家族群體中大部分都是包含笛頭組件1、笛身組件2與笛尾組件（圖未示）的三節式結構，但也有少部分（如短笛）是只有包含笛頭組件1與笛身組件2的二節式結構。The flute family musical instrument described in the present invention refers to any one of the musical instrument family groups with similar structure or timbre to the flute, that is, any one of the treble flute, alto flute, bass flute and piccolo. Most of the musical instrument family groups to which the flute family musical instrument belongs are three-section structures including a mouthpiece assembly 1, a
笛頭管11包含一本體部111與一唇墊部112。本體部111係為一具有一封閉端111a與一開口端111b之一體式構件，並且開設有一開口OP、一氣流震盪腔室RC與一笛頭冠安裝槽AG。開口OP係開設於開口端111b。The
氣流震盪腔室RC係自開口OP朝向封閉端111a延伸開設，並在鄰近於封閉端111a處具有一反響凹曲面RCS。反響凹曲面RCS可為一半球形凹曲面或一弧形凹曲面。半球形凹曲面中，開始凹陷的邊緣輪廓為圓形，且曲率中心與圓形的邊緣輪廓共面。弧形凹曲面各部位的曲率可相等或相異，以曲率相同者為佳。笛頭冠安裝槽AG係開設於在本體部111之封閉端111a處。The air flow oscillation chamber RC extends from the opening OP toward the
唇墊部112係在封閉端111a與開口端111b之間，自本體部111一體成型地凸伸出，開設有連通於氣流震盪腔室RC之一吹奏氣孔BH，以供一演奏者之一嘴唇靠近以將一吹入氣流BF吹入氣流震盪腔室RC，並使吹入氣流BF在反響凹曲面RCS震盪反響以產生一吹奏聲波PSW。The
由於本體部111與唇墊部112彼此一體成型，所以整個笛頭管11是一個一體式構件。較佳者，笛頭管11可以是一木質笛頭管或一金屬材質笛頭管，也就是由木質或金屬材質所構成的一體式構件。由於電腦數值控制（computer numerical control；CNC)加工技術日益成熟，可直接利用CNC加工技術對木質或金屬材質的柱體原料進行切削加工而製作出笛頭管11。Since the
連接管12可為一金屬材質連接管，藉由卡合或螺合方式***固定於開口端111b，並且延伸出開口OP以供組裝於笛身組件2。笛頭冠13可以藉由螺紋螺合或干涉卡合的方式安裝固定於笛頭冠安裝槽AG。藉此，可使本發明所提供之笛頭組件1在外觀上維持與第一圖所示的先前技術中的笛頭組件PA1相似或相同。The connecting
綜合以上所述，由於在本發明所提供之長笛家族樂器之笛頭組件1中，（由本體部111與唇墊部112組成的）笛頭管11本身為具有封閉端111a與開口端之一體式構件，因此在從開口端朝向封閉端開設氣流震盪腔室後，可使氣流震盪腔室中鄰近於封閉端之反響凹曲面始終維持與開口端之距離一致，以確保反響節點位置與有效管長始終都能維持一致，藉此達到經過長期使用後，仍能維持固定音準的功效。In summary, in the mouthpiece assembly 1 of the flute family musical instrument provided by the present invention, the mouthpiece tube 11 (composed of the
此外，藉助於CNC技術的精密加工，可以精確切割出精準有效管長的氣流震盪腔室RC與精準曲率的反響凹曲面RCS，使安裝有笛頭組件1之長笛家族樂器在完成製作時即可有極高的音準。In addition, by means of precision machining using CNC technology, an airflow vibration chamber RC with a precise effective tube length and a resonant concave surface RCS with a precise curvature can be accurately cut, so that a flute family instrument equipped with the mouthpiece assembly 1 can have extremely high pitch when it is completed.
藉由以上較佳具體實施例之詳述，係希望能更加清楚描述本發明之特徵與精神，而並非以上述所揭露的較佳具體實施例來對本發明之範疇加以限制。相反地，其目的是希望能涵蓋各種改變及具相等性的安排於本發明所欲申請之專利範圍的範疇內。The above detailed description of the preferred specific embodiments is intended to more clearly describe the features and spirit of the present invention, but is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention by the preferred specific embodiments disclosed above. On the contrary, the purpose is to cover various changes and arrangements with equivalents within the scope of the patent application for the present invention.
PA1:笛頭組件
PA11:笛頭管
PA111:本體部
PA112:唇墊部
PA12:反響板
PA13:軟木
PA14:鎖固螺桿
PA15:迫緊板
PA16:笛頭螺帽
PA17:連接管
PA2:笛身組件
PAOP1:第一端開口
PAOP2:第二端開口
PABH:吹奏氣孔
1:笛頭組件
11:笛頭管
111:本體部
111a:封閉端
111b:開口端
112:唇墊部
12:連接管
13:笛頭冠
2:笛身組件
OP:開口
RC:氣流震盪腔室
AG:笛頭冠安裝槽
RCS:反響凹曲面
BH:吹奏氣孔
BF:吹入氣流
PSW:吹奏聲波
PA1: Mouthpiece assembly
PA11: Mouthpiece tube
PA111: Body
PA112: Lip pad
PA12: Resonance plate
PA13: Softwood
PA14: Locking screw
PA15: Clamping plate
PA16: Mouthpiece nut
PA17: Connecting tube
PA2: Body assembly
PAOP1: First end opening
PAOP2: Second end opening
PABH: Blowing hole
1: Mouthpiece assembly
11: Mouthpiece tube
111:
第一圖係顯示先前技術中之笛頭組件與笛身組件分解後之局部立體圖； 第二圖係顯示先前技術中笛頭組件之組成元件分解圖；第三圖係顯示第一圖中笛頭組件沿A-A剖面之剖面視圖； 第四圖係顯示本發明較佳實施例所提供之笛頭組件與現有笛身組件分解後之局部立體圖； 第五圖係顯示本發明較佳實施例所提供之笛頭組件之組成元件分解圖；以及 第六圖係顯示第四圖中笛頭組件沿B-B剖面之剖面視圖。 The first figure is a partial stereoscopic diagram showing the mouthpiece assembly and the flute body assembly in the prior art after being decomposed; The second figure is a decomposition diagram showing the components of the mouthpiece assembly in the prior art; the third figure is a cross-sectional view of the mouthpiece assembly along the A-A section in the first figure; The fourth figure is a partial stereoscopic diagram showing the mouthpiece assembly provided by the preferred embodiment of the present invention and the existing flute body assembly after being decomposed; The fifth figure is a decomposition diagram showing the components of the mouthpiece assembly provided by the preferred embodiment of the present invention; and The sixth figure is a cross-sectional view of the mouthpiece assembly along the B-B section in the fourth figure.
1:笛頭組件 1: Mouthpiece assembly
11:笛頭管 11: Mouthpiece
111:本體部 111: Headquarters
111a:封閉端 111a: Closed end
111b:開口端 111b: Open end
112:唇墊部 112: Lip pad
12:連接管 12: Connecting pipe
13:笛頭冠 13:Flute crown
OP:開口 OP: Open your mouth
RC:氣流震盪腔室 RC: Air flow shock chamber
AG:笛頭冠安裝槽 AG: Mouthpiece crown mounting slot
RCS:反響凹曲面 RCS: Resonant Concave Surface
BH:吹奏氣孔 BH: Blowing hole
BF:吹入氣流 BF: Blowing air flow
PSW:吹奏聲波 PSW: Playing sound waves
Claims (6)
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TWI845368B true TWI845368B (en) | 2024-06-11 |
Family
ID=
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20150294654A1 (en) | 2014-04-11 | 2015-10-15 | Tobias Mancke | Piccolo |
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20150294654A1 (en) | 2014-04-11 | 2015-10-15 | Tobias Mancke | Piccolo |
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