TWI832231B - Energy recycling system and method for discarded lithium-ion batteries - Google Patents

Energy recycling system and method for discarded lithium-ion batteries Download PDF

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TWI832231B
TWI832231B TW111117007A TW111117007A TWI832231B TW I832231 B TWI832231 B TW I832231B TW 111117007 A TW111117007 A TW 111117007A TW 111117007 A TW111117007 A TW 111117007A TW I832231 B TWI832231 B TW I832231B
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ion batteries
waste lithium
lithium
voltage
preset
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TW202345485A (en
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李建興
任尉廷
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國立成功大學
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Abstract

An energy recycling system and an energy recycling method for discarded lithium-ion batteries are provided. The energy recycling system includes a balancing logic module, a first energy storage device and a control circuit. The first energy storage device includes plural super capacitors. In the energy recycling method, at first, plural discarded lithium-ion batteries are received. Then, a first stage of discharge is performed to control the energy stored in the discarded lithium-ion batteries to be discharged to the super capacitors. Thereafter, a second stage of discharge is performed to control the energy stored in the super capacitors to be discharged to a second energy storage device. In some embodiments, after the discarded lithium-ion batteries are controlled to be discharged, a battery relaxation operation is performed to relax the discarded lithium-ion batteries for a period of time, thereby enabling the discarded lithium-ion batteries to retain in battery voltage for next stage of discharge.

Description

廢棄鋰離子電池之電能回收系統與電能回收方法Electric energy recovery system and electric energy recovery method for waste lithium-ion batteries

本發明是有關於一種廢棄鋰離子電池之電能回收系統與電能回收方法。The invention relates to an electric energy recovery system and an electric energy recovery method for waste lithium-ion batteries.

對於鋰離子電池而言，當電池鋰離子電池的電量過低，而無法提供相應電子裝置所需的電能後，便無法再繼續使用。然而，在這些鋰離子電池的材料回收之前，這些鋰離子電池還含有殘餘的能量可供回收應用。然而，現今大部分的鋰離子電池在廢棄前都沒有針對其中剩餘的電量來進行回收應用。因此，需要一種廢棄鋰離子電池之電能回收系統與電能回收方法回收這些鋰離子電池的殘餘能量。For lithium-ion batteries, when the power of the lithium-ion battery is too low and cannot provide the power required by the corresponding electronic device, it can no longer be used. However, prior to the material recycling of these lithium-ion batteries, these lithium-ion batteries also contain residual energy that can be used for recycling applications. However, most of today's lithium-ion batteries are not recycled for the remaining power before they are discarded. Therefore, there is a need for an electrical energy recovery system and electrical energy recovery method for waste lithium-ion batteries to recover the residual energy of these lithium-ion batteries.

本發明之實施例提出一種廢棄鋰離子電池之電能回收系統與電能回收方法，其可有效率地回收鋰離子電池的殘餘能量。Embodiments of the present invention provide an electrical energy recovery system and electrical energy recovery method for waste lithium-ion batteries, which can efficiently recover residual energy of lithium-ion batteries.

根據本發明之一實施例，此廢棄鋰離子電池之電能回收系統包含：平衡邏輯模組、第一儲能裝置以及控制電路。平衡邏輯模組係用以接收複數個廢棄鋰離子電池，其中此平衡邏輯模組包含複數個第一開關，這些第一開關係一對一地對應地電性連接至廢棄鋰離子電池。第一儲能裝置包含複數個超級電容以及複數個第二開關，其中這些第二開關電性連接於超級電容之間。控制電路係電性連接於平衡邏輯模組與第一儲能裝置之間，以控制這些第一開關以及第二開關，其中控制電路用以:進行一第一階段放電操作，以將超級電容並聯，並控制廢棄鋰離子電池之至少一者放電至超級電容；以及當第一階段放電操作結束後，進行電池鬆弛操作，以使廢棄鋰離子電池之至少一者鬆弛一段預設鬆弛時間，而讓廢棄鋰離子電池之至少一者之電壓回升，並進行一第二階段放電操作，以將超級電容串聯，而控制串聯之該些超級電容放電至一第二儲能裝置。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the power recovery system for waste lithium-ion batteries includes: a balance logic module, a first energy storage device and a control circuit. The balance logic module is used to receive a plurality of waste lithium-ion batteries, wherein the balance logic module includes a plurality of first switches, and these first switches are electrically connected to the waste lithium-ion batteries in a one-to-one correspondence. The first energy storage device includes a plurality of supercapacitors and a plurality of second switches, wherein the second switches are electrically connected between the supercapacitors. The control circuit is electrically connected between the balance logic module and the first energy storage device to control the first switches and the second switches. The control circuit is used to: perform a first-stage discharge operation to connect the supercapacitors in parallel. , and control at least one of the waste lithium-ion batteries to discharge to the supercapacitor; and when the first stage of the discharge operation is completed, perform a battery relaxation operation to relax at least one of the waste lithium-ion batteries for a preset relaxation time, so as to allow The voltage of at least one of the discarded lithium-ion batteries rises, and a second stage discharge operation is performed to connect the supercapacitors in series, and control the discharge of the supercapacitors in series to a second energy storage device.

在一些實施例中，第二儲能裝置為二次電池。In some embodiments, the second energy storage device is a secondary battery.

在一些實施例中，預設鬆弛時間為10分鐘至20分鐘。In some embodiments, the preset relaxation time is 10 minutes to 20 minutes.

在一些實施例中，控制電路更用以進行：量測每一廢棄鋰離子電池所對應之一開路電壓；對每一廢棄鋰離子電池進行脈衝測試，以獲得每一廢棄鋰離子電池所對應之一瞬間變化電壓；以及根據每一廢棄鋰離子電池所對應之一開路電壓以及瞬間變化電壓來估測每一廢棄鋰離子電池之一剩餘電量。In some embodiments, the control circuit is further configured to: measure an open circuit voltage corresponding to each waste lithium-ion battery; perform a pulse test on each waste lithium-ion battery to obtain an open circuit voltage corresponding to each waste lithium-ion battery. An instantaneous change in voltage; and estimating the remaining capacity of each waste lithium-ion battery based on the open circuit voltage and instantaneous change voltage corresponding to each waste lithium-ion battery.

在一些實施例中，當控制電路進行第一階段放電操作時，控制電路進行：判斷廢棄鋰離子電池之至少一者之電壓是否到達一預設截止電壓；當這些廢棄鋰離子電池之至少一者之電壓到達預設截止電壓時，結束第一階段放電操作，並進行電池鬆弛操作來讓這些廢棄鋰離子電池之至少一者之電壓回升。In some embodiments, when the control circuit performs the first stage discharging operation, the control circuit: determines whether the voltage of at least one of the discarded lithium-ion batteries reaches a preset cut-off voltage; when at least one of the discarded lithium-ion batteries When the voltage reaches the preset cut-off voltage, the first-stage discharge operation is ended, and a battery relaxation operation is performed to allow the voltage of at least one of these discarded lithium-ion batteries to rise.

在一些實施例中，當控制電路進行第一階段放電操作時，控制電路進行：根據複數個預設佔空比以及複數個預設頻率值來進行一脈波放電法，以控制這些廢棄鋰離子電池之至少一者透過一感應電阻來放電至超級電容，並獲得複數個脈波放電電流值；以及根據這些脈波放電電流值之一最大者來決定一目標佔空比以及一目標頻率值，其中此目標佔空比為上述預設佔空比之一者，目標頻率值為上述預設頻率值之一者；其中第一階段放電操作係利用目標頻率值和目標佔空比來直接放電至超級電容。In some embodiments, when the control circuit performs the first-stage discharge operation, the control circuit performs a pulse discharge method according to a plurality of preset duty cycles and a plurality of preset frequency values to control the waste lithium ions. At least one of the batteries is discharged to the supercapacitor through a sensing resistor, and a plurality of pulse wave discharge current values are obtained; and a target duty cycle and a target frequency value are determined based on the largest one of these pulse wave discharge current values, The target duty cycle is one of the above-mentioned preset duty cycles, and the target frequency value is one of the above-mentioned preset frequency values. The first-stage discharge operation uses the target frequency value and the target duty cycle to directly discharge to Supercapacitor.

根據本發明之一實施例，前述之廢電池之電能回收方法包含：接收複數個廢棄鋰離子電池；利用一控制電路來進行一第一階段放電操作，以將一第一儲能裝置中之複數個超級電容並聯，並控制這些廢棄鋰離子電池之至少一者放電至超級電容；當第一階段放電操作結束後，進行一電池鬆弛操作，以使廢棄鋰離子電池之至少一者鬆弛一段預設時間，而讓廢棄鋰離子電池之至少一者之電壓回升，並利用控制電路來進行一第二階段放電操作，以將超級電容串聯，而控制串聯之超級電容放電至一第二儲能裝置。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned method for recycling electrical energy from waste batteries includes: receiving a plurality of waste lithium-ion batteries; using a control circuit to perform a first-stage discharge operation to convert a plurality of waste batteries in a first energy storage device. supercapacitors are connected in parallel, and at least one of the waste lithium-ion batteries is controlled to discharge to the supercapacitor; after the first stage of the discharge operation is completed, a battery relaxation operation is performed to relax at least one of the waste lithium-ion batteries for a preset period time, to allow the voltage of at least one of the discarded lithium-ion batteries to rise, and use the control circuit to perform a second-stage discharge operation to connect the supercapacitors in series and control the series-connected supercapacitors to discharge to a second energy storage device.

在一些實施例中，預設鬆弛時間為10分鐘至20分鐘。In some embodiments, the preset relaxation time is 10 minutes to 20 minutes.

在一些實施例中，第一階段放電操作包含：判斷該些廢棄鋰離子電池之該至少一者之電壓是否到達一預設截止電壓；當該些廢棄鋰離子電池之該至少一者之電壓到達該預設截止電壓時，結束該第一階段放電操作，並進行該電池鬆弛操作來讓該些廢棄鋰離子電池之該至少一者之電壓回升。In some embodiments, the first stage discharging operation includes: determining whether the voltage of at least one of the discarded lithium-ion batteries reaches a preset cut-off voltage; when the voltage of the at least one of the discarded lithium-ion batteries reaches When the preset cut-off voltage is reached, the first-stage discharging operation is ended, and the battery relaxation operation is performed to allow the voltage of at least one of the discarded lithium-ion batteries to rise.

在一些實施例中，第一階段放電操作包含：根據複數個預設佔空比以及複數個預設頻率值來進行一脈波放電法，以控制廢棄鋰離子電池之至少一者透過一感應電阻來放電至超級電容，並獲得複數個脈波放電電流值；以及根據脈波放電電流值之一最大者來決定一目標佔空比以及一目標頻率值，其中此目標佔空比為上述預設佔空比之一者，此目標頻率值為上述預設頻率值之一者，其中第一階段放電操作係利用目標頻率值和目標佔空比來直接放電至超級電容。In some embodiments, the first-stage discharging operation includes: performing a pulse discharge method according to a plurality of preset duty cycles and a plurality of preset frequency values to control at least one of the discarded lithium-ion batteries to pass through a sensing resistor. to discharge to the supercapacitor and obtain a plurality of pulse wave discharge current values; and determine a target duty cycle and a target frequency value based on one of the largest pulse wave discharge current values, wherein the target duty cycle is the above-mentioned preset One of the duty cycles, the target frequency value is one of the above-mentioned preset frequency values, in which the first-stage discharge operation uses the target frequency value and the target duty cycle to directly discharge to the supercapacitor.

關於本文中所使用之『第一』、『第二』、…等，並非特別指次序或順位的意思，其僅為了區別以相同技術用語描述的元件或操作。The terms "first", "second", ..., etc. used in this article do not specifically refer to the order or order, but are only used to distinguish components or operations described with the same technical terms.

請參照圖1，其係繪示根據本發明實施例之廢棄鋰離子電池之電能回收系統100的電路示意圖。廢棄鋰離子電池之電能回收系統100包含平衡邏輯模組110、控制電路120、以及第一儲能裝置130，其中平衡邏輯模組110係用以接收複數個廢棄鋰離子電池，而控制電路120係電性連接於平衡邏輯模組110與第一儲能裝置130之間，以控制廢棄鋰離子電池對第一儲能裝置130放電。為了方便說明，以下將以12個廢棄鋰離子電池為例來解釋本發明之實施例如何進行電能回收。然而，本發明實施例之廢電池個數並不受限於此。Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic circuit diagram of a waste lithium-ion battery power recovery system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The power recovery system 100 for waste lithium-ion batteries includes a balance logic module 110, a control circuit 120, and a first energy storage device 130. The balance logic module 110 is used to receive a plurality of waste lithium-ion batteries, and the control circuit 120 is It is electrically connected between the balance logic module 110 and the first energy storage device 130 to control the discharge of the waste lithium ion battery to the first energy storage device 130 . For convenience of explanation, 12 waste lithium-ion batteries will be used as examples to explain how to recover electrical energy according to the embodiment of the present invention. However, the number of waste batteries in the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.

平衡邏輯模組110包含複數個電池容置座(未繪示)、複數個第一開關SW 1以及電壓計VM。電池容置座用以一對一地接收廢棄鋰離子電池B1~B12，而第一開關SW 1則設置於電池容置座之間，以控制廢棄鋰離子電池B1~B12的連接。電壓計VM係電線連接至電池容置座，以量測電池的輸出電壓。例如，當第一開關SW 1只將一個廢棄鋰離子電池B1電性連接至電壓計VM，則電壓計VM測得之輸出電壓VB 1為廢棄鋰離子電池B1的電壓值。又例如，當第一開關SW 1只將一個廢棄鋰離子電池B2電性連接至電壓計VM，則電壓計VM測得之輸出電壓VB 2為廢棄鋰離子電池B2的電壓值。將廢棄鋰離子電池B1~B12個別地電性連接至電壓計VM，可獲得相應的輸出電壓VB 1~VB 12，其中控制電路120可輸出12個控制訊號SW B1~ SW B12來個別控制12個第一開關SW 1。在一些實施例中，可選擇多個廢棄鋰離子電池來進行並聯，如此電壓計VM所測得的電壓值為這些並聯廢棄鋰離子電池的電壓值。 The balanced logic module 110 includes a plurality of battery receiving sockets (not shown), a plurality of first switches SW 1 and a voltmeter VM. The battery receiving seats are used to receive the waste lithium-ion batteries B1 to B12 on a one-to-one basis, and the first switch SW 1 is disposed between the battery receiving seats to control the connection of the waste lithium-ion batteries B1 to B12. The voltmeter VM is connected to the battery receiving base by wires to measure the output voltage of the battery. For example, when the first switch SW 1 only electrically connects one waste lithium-ion battery B1 to the voltmeter VM, then the output voltage VB 1 measured by the voltmeter VM is the voltage value of the waste lithium-ion battery B1. For another example, when the first switch SW 1 only electrically connects one waste lithium-ion battery B2 to the voltmeter VM, then the output voltage VB 2 measured by the voltmeter VM is the voltage value of the waste lithium-ion battery B2. By electrically connecting the waste lithium-ion batteries B1 ~ B12 to the voltmeter VM individually, corresponding output voltages VB 1 ~ VB 12 can be obtained. The control circuit 120 can output 12 control signals SW B1 ~ SW B12 to individually control 12 The first switch SW 1 . In some embodiments, multiple waste lithium-ion batteries can be selected to be connected in parallel, so that the voltage value measured by the voltmeter VM is the voltage value of these parallel-connected waste lithium-ion batteries.

第一儲能裝置130包含複數個超級電容SC1~SC4以及複數個第二開關SW 2。第二開關SW 2係電性連接於超級電容SC1~SC4之間，以控制超級電容SC1~SC4的連接方式。雖然本實施例之第一儲能裝置130包含四個超級電容，但本發明之實施例並不受限於此。本發明之其他實施例中，第一儲能裝置130可包含超過或少於四個超級電容。 The first energy storage device 130 includes a plurality of supercapacitors SC1 to SC4 and a plurality of second switches SW 2 . The second switch SW 2 is electrically connected between the supercapacitors SC1 ~ SC4 to control the connection mode of the supercapacitors SC1 ~ SC4. Although the first energy storage device 130 in this embodiment includes four supercapacitors, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments of the present invention, the first energy storage device 130 may include more than or less than four supercapacitors.

控制電路120包含微控制器122、移位暫存器124、計時器126、繼電器RL、第三開關SW 3、電流計AM以及感應電阻R 0。微控制器122用以控制繼電器RL、第一開關SW 1、第二開關SW 2、第三開關SW 3，以進行放電平衡階段、搜尋階段、第一階段放電操作以及第二階段放電操作。其中，放電平衡階段係進行來週期性對廢棄鋰離子電池之閉迴路電壓進行檢測，判斷放電或靜置的電池顆數，使廢棄鋰離子電池在並聯模式下減少自發性相互衝放電以及放電不完全的現象；搜尋階段係進行來決定廢棄鋰離子電池之一最佳放電方法(例如，佔空比/頻率值)；第一階段放電操作係進行來將超級電容並聯，然後控制至少一個廢電池對超級電容充電；第二階段放電操作係進行來將超級電容串聯，然後控制超級電容對第二儲能裝置充電。超級電容的並聯與串聯方式可參照圖2，其中電壓V sc為超級電容的並聯/串聯輸出電壓，控制電路120可輸出控制訊號S 2來控制第二開關SW 2。 The control circuit 120 includes a microcontroller 122, a shift register 124, a timer 126, a relay RL, a third switch SW 3 , an ammeter AM and a sensing resistor R 0 . The microcontroller 122 is used to control the relay RL, the first switch SW 1 , the second switch SW 2 , and the third switch SW 3 to perform the discharge balancing stage, the search stage, the first stage discharge operation, and the second stage discharge operation. Among them, the discharge balance stage is carried out to periodically detect the closed-circuit voltage of the waste lithium-ion batteries to determine the number of discharged or resting batteries, so that the waste lithium-ion batteries in parallel mode can reduce spontaneous mutual discharge and discharge failure. complete phenomenon; a search phase is performed to determine one of the best discharge methods (e.g., duty cycle/frequency values) for waste lithium-ion batteries; a first-stage discharge operation is performed to connect supercapacitors in parallel and then control at least one waste battery The supercapacitor is charged; the second stage discharging operation is performed to connect the supercapacitor in series, and then control the supercapacitor to charge the second energy storage device. The parallel and series connection methods of the supercapacitors can be referred to FIG. 2 , where the voltage V sc is the parallel/series output voltage of the supercapacitors. The control circuit 120 can output the control signal S 2 to control the second switch SW 2 .

在本發明之一實施例中，上述之第二儲能裝置可為二次電池。二次電池可例如為鎳鎘電池、鎳氫電池、鋰離子電池以及鋰高分子電池，但本發明之實施例並不受限於此。In one embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned second energy storage device may be a secondary battery. The secondary battery may be, for example, a nickel-cadmium battery, a nickel-metal hydride battery, a lithium-ion battery, and a lithium polymer battery, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

在本發明之一實施例中，當廢棄鋰離子電池放電後，可對放電後的當廢棄鋰離子電池進行電池鬆弛操作。例如， 當第一階段放電操作結束後，將放電後之廢棄鋰離子電池鬆弛一段預設鬆弛時間，而讓放電後之廢棄鋰離子電池的電壓回升。如此，這些經過放電後之廢棄鋰離子電池可以再次萃取出電能。電池鬆弛操作可利用計時器126來記錄鬆弛時間，並相應地傳送時間訊號T R至微控制器122，如此微控制器122便可根據時間訊號T R來進行電池鬆弛操作。 In one embodiment of the present invention, after the waste lithium-ion battery is discharged, a battery relaxation operation can be performed on the discharged waste lithium-ion battery. For example, after the first stage of discharging operation is completed, the discharged waste lithium-ion battery is relaxed for a preset relaxation time, so that the voltage of the discharged waste lithium-ion battery is allowed to rise. In this way, these discharged waste lithium-ion batteries can extract electrical energy again. The battery relaxation operation can use the timer 126 to record the relaxation time, and accordingly transmit the time signal TR to the microcontroller 122, so that the microcontroller 122 can perform the battery relaxation operation according to the time signal TR .

請參照圖3，其係廢棄鋰離子電池之電能回收系統100所對應之廢棄鋰離子電池之電能回收方法300的流程示意圖，其中前述之微控制器122係用以進行電能回收方法300，微控制器122控制第三開關SW 3在各操作模式下的路徑選擇請參照圖4。在廢電池之電能回收方法300中，首先進行步驟310，以利用平衡邏輯模組110之電池容置座來接收廢棄鋰離子電池B1~B12。然後，進行步驟320，以進行放電平衡階段，以選擇出欲進行第一放電階段的廢棄鋰離子電池。 Please refer to Figure 3, which is a schematic flow chart of the power recovery method 300 for waste lithium-ion batteries corresponding to the waste lithium-ion battery power recovery system 100. The aforementioned microcontroller 122 is used to perform the power recovery method 300. The microcontroller For the path selection of the third switch SW 3 controlled by the controller 122 in each operating mode, please refer to FIG. 4 . In the waste battery power recovery method 300, step 310 is first performed to use the battery receiving socket of the balancing logic module 110 to receive the waste lithium-ion batteries B1 to B12. Then, step 320 is performed to perform a discharge balancing stage to select the waste lithium-ion batteries to be performed in the first discharge stage.

在放電平衡階段中，首先篩選出剩餘能量高且開路電壓相近的廢棄鋰離子電池，不僅能節省平衡電路運行的時間，同時能擁有較高的萃取效率。接著，建立廢棄鋰離子電池的電動勢擬合曲線來以取得相應的電量狀態，再進一步建立健康度與內阻的關係，進而推估廢棄鋰離子電池的剩餘能量。例如，欲對某一個廢棄鋰離子電池的剩餘能量進行估測時，可量測其開路電壓，再進行脈衝測試來量測其瞬間電壓變化，即可估測此廢棄鋰離子電池的剩餘能量。In the discharge balancing stage, waste lithium-ion batteries with high residual energy and similar open-circuit voltages are first screened out, which not only saves the running time of the balancing circuit, but also allows for higher extraction efficiency. Then, the electromotive force fitting curve of the waste lithium-ion battery is established to obtain the corresponding state of charge, and then the relationship between health and internal resistance is further established to estimate the remaining energy of the waste lithium-ion battery. For example, when you want to estimate the remaining energy of a discarded lithium-ion battery, you can measure its open circuit voltage, and then perform a pulse test to measure its instantaneous voltage changes. Then you can estimate the remaining energy of the discarded lithium-ion battery.

接著，判斷不具有可回收電量的廢棄鋰離子電池數量是否等於最大電池數(例如，12個)。在本實施例中，如果不具有可回收電量的電池數量為12個，代表廢棄鋰離子電池B1~B12都不具有可回收電量，故電能回收方法300便會結束。此時，控制電路120可提供指示訊號(例如閃燈)來告知使用者廢棄鋰離子電池B1~B12都不具有可回收電量。又，如果不具有可回收電量的電池數量小於12個，則表示廢棄鋰離子電池B1~B12包含具有可回收電量的廢棄鋰離子電池。在後續的步驟中，被認為不具有可回收電量的廢棄鋰離子電池會被排除。Next, it is determined whether the number of discarded lithium-ion batteries without recyclable power is equal to the maximum number of batteries (for example, 12). In this embodiment, if the number of batteries without recyclable power is 12, it means that none of the waste lithium-ion batteries B1 to B12 have recyclable power, so the power recovery method 300 will end. At this time, the control circuit 120 may provide an indication signal (such as a flashing light) to inform the user that none of the discarded lithium-ion batteries B1 to B12 has recyclable power. Furthermore, if the number of batteries without recyclable power is less than 12, it means that the waste lithium-ion batteries B1 to B12 include waste lithium-ion batteries with recyclable power. In subsequent steps, discarded lithium-ion batteries deemed not to have a recoverable charge are excluded.

接著，當廢棄鋰離子電池B1~B12包含具有可回收電量的廢棄鋰離子電池時，根據預設的並聯數量來依序將需要進行放電的廢棄鋰離子電池並聯，以形成一電池並聯電路，並控制第一開關SW 1、繼電器RL以及第三開關SW 3來使電池並聯電路電性連接至感應電阻R 0，藉此可判斷電池並聯電路中的任一廢棄鋰離子電池之電壓值是否達到第一預設電壓值(截止電壓)，以及判斷此電池並聯電路之電壓值是否超過超級電容充電電壓值一第二電壓值(即大於超級電容充電電壓值+第二電壓值)。例如，控制第一開關SW 1來使廢棄鋰離子電池B1和B2並聯，以形成前述之電池並聯電路，並斷開其他的廢棄鋰離子電池B3~B12。然後，分別判斷廢棄鋰離子電池B1和B2的電壓值是否達到第一預設電壓值，以及判斷廢棄鋰離子電池B1和B2之電池並聯電路的電壓值是否超過超級電容充電電壓值一第二預設電壓值。 Then, when the waste lithium-ion batteries B1 to B12 include waste lithium-ion batteries with recyclable power, the waste lithium-ion batteries that need to be discharged are sequentially connected in parallel according to the preset parallel connection number to form a battery parallel circuit, and Control the first switch SW 1 , the relay RL and the third switch SW 3 to electrically connect the battery parallel circuit to the sensing resistor R 0 , thereby determining whether the voltage value of any waste lithium-ion battery in the battery parallel circuit reaches the third A preset voltage value (cut-off voltage), and determining whether the voltage value of the battery parallel circuit exceeds the supercapacitor charging voltage value-a second voltage value (that is, is greater than the supercapacitor charging voltage value + the second voltage value). For example, the first switch SW 1 is controlled to connect the waste lithium-ion batteries B1 and B2 in parallel to form the aforementioned battery parallel circuit, and to disconnect the other waste lithium-ion batteries B3 to B12. Then, it is respectively determined whether the voltage values of the waste lithium-ion batteries B1 and B2 reach the first preset voltage value, and whether the voltage value of the battery parallel circuit of the waste lithium-ion batteries B1 and B2 exceeds the supercapacitor charging voltage value - the second preset voltage value. Set the voltage value.

在本實施例中，第一預設電壓值為2.75伏特(V)，而第二預設電壓值為0.05V。然而，本發明之實施例並不受限此。In this embodiment, the first preset voltage value is 2.75 volts (V), and the second preset voltage value is 0.05V. However, embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

當廢棄鋰離子電池B1和B2的電壓值未達到2.75V時，表示廢棄鋰離子電池B1和B2未達標準，廢棄鋰離子電池B1和B2會被認為是不具有可回收電量的電池。又，當廢棄鋰離子電池B1和B2的電壓值達到2.75V，且廢棄鋰離子電池B1和B2之電池並聯電路的電壓值超過超級電容充電電壓值0.05V(即大於超級電容充電電壓值+0.05V)時，表示廢棄鋰離子電池B1和B2之電池並聯電路可進行第一階段放電。又，當廢棄鋰離子電池B1和B2的電壓值達到2.75V，而廢棄鋰離子電池B1和B2之電池並聯電路的電壓值未超過超級電容充電電壓值0.05V時，可考慮增加電池並聯電路中的廢電池數量。例如，控制第一開關SW 1來使廢棄鋰離子電池B1~B3並聯，以將廢棄鋰離子電池B3加入至電池並聯電路中。然後，再回到前述的判斷步驟中，以判斷廢棄鋰離子電池B3之電壓值是否達到2.75V，以及判斷此電池並聯電路之電壓值是否超過超級電容充電電壓值0.05V。若判斷條件都滿足，則表示廢棄鋰離子電池B1~B3之電池並聯電路可進行第一階段放電。 When the voltage value of the waste lithium-ion batteries B1 and B2 does not reach 2.75V, it means that the waste lithium-ion batteries B1 and B2 do not meet the standards. The waste lithium-ion batteries B1 and B2 will be considered as batteries that do not have recyclable power. Also, when the voltage value of the waste lithium-ion batteries B1 and B2 reaches 2.75V, and the voltage value of the battery parallel circuit of the waste lithium-ion batteries B1 and B2 exceeds the supercapacitor charging voltage value by 0.05V (that is, it is greater than the supercapacitor charging voltage value + 0.05 V), it means that the battery parallel circuit of waste lithium-ion batteries B1 and B2 can perform the first stage of discharge. Also, when the voltage value of the waste lithium-ion batteries B1 and B2 reaches 2.75V, and the voltage value of the battery parallel circuit of the waste lithium-ion batteries B1 and B2 does not exceed the supercapacitor charging voltage value of 0.05V, it may be considered to increase the battery parallel circuit. number of used batteries. For example, the first switch SW 1 is controlled to connect the waste lithium-ion batteries B1 to B3 in parallel, so that the waste lithium-ion battery B3 is added to the battery parallel circuit. Then, return to the aforementioned determination steps to determine whether the voltage value of the waste lithium-ion battery B3 reaches 2.75V, and determine whether the voltage value of the parallel circuit of the battery exceeds the supercapacitor charging voltage value by 0.05V. If the judgment conditions are met, it means that the battery parallel circuit of the waste lithium-ion batteries B1~B3 can be discharged in the first stage.

另外，在本發明之一實施例中，若新增廢棄鋰離子電池(例如廢棄鋰離子電池B3) 之電壓值未達到2.75V，亦可以將廢棄鋰離子電池B1~B3之電池並聯電路視為可進行第一階段放電的電池並聯電路，此係因為後續的第一階段放電操作可將超級電容並聯來降低充電要求。In addition, in one embodiment of the present invention, if the voltage value of the newly added waste lithium-ion battery (such as waste lithium-ion battery B3) does not reach 2.75V, the battery parallel circuit of the waste lithium-ion battery B1~B3 can also be regarded as A battery parallel circuit that can perform first-stage discharge because the subsequent first-stage discharge operation can connect supercapacitors in parallel to reduce charging requirements.

重複上述的判斷步驟以及增加電池並聯電路中廢電池數量的步驟，如此即可決定廢棄鋰離子電池B1~B12中的哪些廢棄鋰離子電池被並聯來進行第一階段放電。在一些實施例中，被決定為可進行第一階段放電的廢棄鋰離子電池的數量可僅為一個廢棄鋰離子電池，或者如上述包含多個並聯廢棄鋰離子電池的電池並聯電路。Repeat the above judgment steps and the steps of increasing the number of waste batteries in the battery parallel circuit, so that it can be determined which waste lithium-ion batteries among the waste lithium-ion batteries B1 to B12 are connected in parallel for the first stage of discharge. In some embodiments, the number of waste lithium-ion batteries determined to be capable of the first stage of discharge may be only one waste lithium-ion battery, or a battery parallel circuit including multiple waste lithium-ion batteries connected in parallel as described above.

由上述說明可知，本發明實施例之放電平衡階段係週期性對廢棄鋰離子電池之閉迴路電壓進行檢測，判斷放電或靜置的電池顆數，使廢棄鋰離子電池在並聯模式下減少自發性相互衝放電以及放電不完全的現象。As can be seen from the above description, the discharge balance stage of the embodiment of the present invention periodically detects the closed-circuit voltage of the waste lithium-ion battery to determine the number of discharged or resting batteries, so that the waste lithium-ion battery can reduce the spontaneity in the parallel mode. The phenomenon of mutual charging and discharge and incomplete discharge.

在進行放電平衡階段後，接著進行步驟330，以進行搜尋階段來決定後續第一階段放電操作所使用的最佳放電方法。在步驟330中，首先根據複數個預設佔空比以及複數個預設頻率值來進行脈波放電法，以控制前述之電池並聯電路(例如，廢棄鋰離子電池B1和B2串接)放電至感應電阻R 0，並獲得複數個脈波放電電流值。在本實施例中，提供了11個以750Hz為中心的預設頻率值500Hz、550Hz、600Hz、650Hz、700Hz、750Hz、800 Hz、850 Hz、、900 Hz、950 Hz以及1000 Hz以及5個預設佔空比50%、60%、70%、80%以及90%。如此，本實施例提供了55個佔空比/頻率值組合，而微控制器122利用此55個佔空比/頻率值組合來控制繼電器RL，以獲得對應55個佔空比/頻率值組合之35個脈波放電電流值I dis。例如，微控制器122輸出控制訊號t on和t off至繼電器RL，以控制繼電器RL在頻率750Hz和佔空比50%的情況下來操作。同時，微控制器122輸出控制訊號S 3來控制第三開關SW 3，以將感應電阻R 0連接至前述之電池並聯電路(例如電池並聯電路B1~B2)，如此便能利用感應電阻R 0來測得在頻率750Hz和佔空比50%的情況下的脈波放電電流值。另外，本實施例之微控制器122利用移位暫存器124來依序提供上述多個佔空比/頻率值組合至繼電器RL。 After performing the discharge balancing stage, step 330 is then performed to perform a search stage to determine the best discharge method to be used in the subsequent first stage discharge operation. In step 330, a pulse discharge method is first performed according to a plurality of preset duty cycles and a plurality of preset frequency values to control the aforementioned battery parallel circuit (for example, waste lithium-ion batteries B1 and B2 connected in series) to discharge to Sense resistor R 0 and obtain multiple pulse wave discharge current values. In this embodiment, 11 preset frequency values of 500Hz, 550Hz, 600Hz, 650Hz, 700Hz, 750Hz, 800Hz, 850Hz, 900Hz, 950Hz and 1000Hz and 5 preset frequency values centered on 750Hz are provided. Let the duty cycle be 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% and 90%. In this way, this embodiment provides 55 duty cycle/frequency value combinations, and the microcontroller 122 uses these 55 duty cycle/frequency value combinations to control the relay RL to obtain corresponding 55 duty cycle/frequency value combinations. 35 pulse wave discharge current values I dis . For example, the microcontroller 122 outputs control signals t on and t off to the relay RL to control the relay RL to operate at a frequency of 750 Hz and a duty cycle of 50%. At the same time, the microcontroller 122 outputs the control signal S 3 to control the third switch SW 3 to connect the sensing resistor R 0 to the aforementioned battery parallel circuit (for example, battery parallel circuit B1 ~ B2), so that the sensing resistor R 0 can be used To measure the pulse discharge current value at a frequency of 750Hz and a duty cycle of 50%. In addition, the microcontroller 122 of this embodiment uses the shift register 124 to sequentially provide the above multiple duty cycle/frequency value combinations to the relay RL.

在獲得55個佔空比/頻率值組合對應的55個脈波放電電流值後，選取最大脈波放電電流值對應的佔空比/頻率值組合來作為脈波放電法的佔空比/頻率值。After obtaining 55 pulse discharge current values corresponding to 55 duty cycle/frequency value combinations, select the duty cycle/frequency value combination corresponding to the maximum pulse discharge current value as the duty cycle/frequency of the pulse wave discharge method value.

在決定第一階段放電操作所使用的最佳放電方法後，進行步驟340，以進行第一階段放電操作。在第一階段放電操作中，微控制器122輸出控制訊號S2來控制第二開關SW 2，以控制超級電容SC1~SC4在並聯狀態下，同時以前述之最佳放電方法來控制前述之電池並聯電路(例如電池並聯電路B1~B2)放電至超級電容SC1~SC4。 After determining the best discharge method used in the first-stage discharge operation, step 340 is performed to perform the first-stage discharge operation. In the first stage of discharging operation, the microcontroller 122 outputs the control signal S2 to control the second switch SW 2 to control the supercapacitors SC1 ~ SC4 in a parallel state, and at the same time control the parallel connection of the aforementioned batteries using the aforementioned optimal discharge method. The circuit (such as battery parallel circuit B1~B2) discharges to the supercapacitor SC1~SC4.

如之前所述，在一實施例中，電池並聯電路B1~B2被決定為可進行第一階段放電操作。如此，搜尋階段會針對電池並聯電路B1~B2來決定相應的最佳放電方法，以控制電池並聯電路B1~B2放電至超級電容SC1~SC4。As mentioned before, in one embodiment, the battery parallel circuits B1 to B2 are determined to be capable of performing the first-stage discharge operation. In this way, the search phase will determine the corresponding optimal discharge method for the battery parallel circuits B1~B2 to control the battery parallel circuits B1~B2 to discharge to the supercapacitors SC1~SC4.

當電池並聯電路B1~B2放電至超級電容SC1~SC4後，進行步驟350，以進行第二階段放電操作。在第二階段放電操作中，微控制器122輸出控制訊號S2來控制第二開關SW 2，以控制超級電容SC1~SC4處在串聯狀態下，同時控制超級電容SC1~SC4放電至第二儲能裝置，例如二次電池。 After the battery parallel circuits B1 to B2 are discharged to the supercapacitors SC1 to SC4, step 350 is performed to perform the second stage of discharging operation. In the second stage of discharging operation, the microcontroller 122 outputs the control signal S2 to control the second switch SW 2 to control the supercapacitors SC1 ~ SC4 to be in a series connection state, and at the same time control the supercapacitors SC1 ~ SC4 to discharge to the second energy storage devices, such as secondary batteries.

另外，當第一階段放電操作結束後，即步驟340結束後，可進行步驟350，以將放電後之廢棄鋰離子電池(電池並聯電路B1~B2)鬆弛一段預設鬆弛時間，而讓放電後之廢棄鋰離子電池B1~B2的電壓回升。如此，這些經過放電後之廢棄鋰離子電池B1~B2可以再次進行前述之第一階段放電操作來萃取出電能。在一實施例中，預設鬆弛時間為10分鐘至20分鐘，但本發明之實施例並不受限於此。再者，當廢棄鋰離子電池鬆弛一預設次數後，便不會對其進行鬆弛操作，因為其電量可能都已萃取完畢。在一實施例中，此預設次數為3，但本發明之實施例並不受限於此。In addition, after the first stage of discharging operation is completed, that is, after step 340 is completed, step 350 can be performed to relax the discharged waste lithium-ion batteries (battery parallel circuits B1~B2) for a preset relaxation time, so that the discharged The voltage of the discarded lithium-ion batteries B1~B2 rebounded. In this way, these discharged waste lithium-ion batteries B1 to B2 can again perform the aforementioned first-stage discharge operation to extract electrical energy. In one embodiment, the preset relaxation time is 10 minutes to 20 minutes, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Furthermore, after the waste lithium-ion battery has been relaxed for a preset number of times, the relaxation operation will not be performed because its power may have been extracted. In one embodiment, the preset number of times is 3, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

由上述說明可知，本發明實施例之廢棄鋰離子電池之電能回收系統100與電能回收方法300利用電池鬆弛操作來提高廢棄鋰離子電池的電量回收效率。其次，透過廢棄鋰離子電池間的放電平衡機制，可減少因電池組間個別電池之內電阻、容量不平衡而產生的各種問題。再者，利用兩階段放電的方式來將電能轉移至並聯之超級電容，再接著從串聯超級電容轉移至二次電池，可提高廢棄鋰離子電池剩餘電量萃取效益。在本發明之一實施例中，上述之電池並聯電路可包含12個廢棄鋰離子電池，以取得較佳的萃電效率。As can be seen from the above description, the power recovery system 100 and the power recovery method 300 for waste lithium-ion batteries according to the embodiment of the present invention use battery relaxation operation to improve the power recovery efficiency of waste lithium-ion batteries. Secondly, through the discharge balancing mechanism between discarded lithium-ion batteries, various problems caused by the imbalance of resistance and capacity in individual cells between battery packs can be reduced. Furthermore, using a two-stage discharge method to transfer electric energy to parallel supercapacitors, and then transferring it from series supercapacitors to secondary batteries, can improve the efficiency of extracting remaining power from discarded lithium-ion batteries. In one embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned battery parallel circuit may include 12 waste lithium-ion batteries to achieve better power extraction efficiency.

本發明實施例之廢棄鋰離子電池之電能回收系統100與電能回收方法300可將多個電池剩餘能量整合提供二次電池充電，促使一般消費者更願意減少電池能源的浪費。在未來，可供回收廠商在分解電池材料前利用此方法回收內部能量，對於回收廠商而言可增加額外電能，並且不會對回收材料本身價值有所影響。The electrical energy recovery system 100 and the electrical energy recovery method 300 for waste lithium-ion batteries according to the embodiment of the present invention can integrate the remaining energy of multiple batteries to provide secondary battery charging, making ordinary consumers more willing to reduce the waste of battery energy. In the future, recycling manufacturers can use this method to recover internal energy before decomposing battery materials. For recycling manufacturers, it can add additional electricity without affecting the value of the recycled materials themselves.

雖然本發明已以實施例揭露如上，然其並非用以限定本發明，任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者，在不脫離本發明的精神和範圍內，當可作些許的更動與潤飾，故本發明的保護範圍當視後附的申請專利範圍所界定者為準。Although the present invention has been disclosed above through embodiments, they are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone with ordinary knowledge in the technical field may make some modifications and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, The protection scope of the present invention shall be determined by the appended patent application scope.

100:廢棄鋰離子電池之電能回收系統 110:平衡邏輯模組 120:控制電路 122:微控制器 124:移位暫存器 126:計時器 130:第一儲能裝置 300:廢棄鋰離子電池之電能回收方法 310~360:步驟 AM:電流計 B1~B12:廢棄鋰離子電池 I dis:脈波放電電流值 RL:繼電器 R 0:感應電阻 S 2、S 3:控制訊號 SC1~SC4:超級電容 SW 1:第一開關 SW 2:第二開關 SW 3:第三開關 SW B1~ SW B12:控制訊號 t on、t off:控制訊號 V sc:電壓 V B1~V B12:電壓 VM:電壓計 T R:時間訊號 100: Electric energy recovery system for waste lithium-ion batteries 110: Balance logic module 120: Control circuit 122: Microcontroller 124: Shift register 126: Timer 130: First energy storage device 300: Waste lithium-ion batteries Electric energy recovery method 310~360: Step AM: Ammeter B1~B12: Waste lithium-ion battery I dis : Pulse discharge current value RL: Relay R 0 : Inductive resistor S 2 , S 3 : Control signal SC1~SC4: Super capacitor SW 1 : First switch SW 2 : Second switch SW 3 : Third switch SW B1 ~ SW B12 : Control signal t on , t off : Control signal V sc : Voltage V B1 ~ V B12 : Voltage VM: Voltmeter T R : time signal

圖1係繪示根據本發明實施例之廢棄鋰離子電池之電能回收系統的電路示意圖。 圖2係繪示根據本發明實施例之超級電容的並聯與串聯方式。 圖3係繪示根據本發明實施例之廢棄鋰離子電池之電能回收系統所對應之廢棄鋰離子電池之電能回收方法的流程示意圖。 圖4係繪示根據本發明實施例之第三開關在各操作模式下的路徑選擇。 FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of an electrical energy recovery system for waste lithium-ion batteries according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 illustrates parallel and series connections of supercapacitors according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart illustrating a method for recovering electrical energy from waste lithium-ion batteries corresponding to the electrical energy recovery system for waste lithium-ion batteries according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 illustrates path selection of the third switch in each operating mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.

無without

100:廢棄鋰離子電池之電能回收系統 100: Electric energy recovery system for waste lithium-ion batteries

110:平衡邏輯模組 110: Balanced Logic Module

120:控制電路 120:Control circuit

122:微控制器 122:Microcontroller

124:移位暫存器 124:Shift register

126:計時器 126: timer

130:第一儲能裝置 130: First energy storage device

AM:電流計 AM: ammeter

B1~B12:廢棄鋰離子電池 B1~B12: Waste lithium-ion batteries

Idis:脈波放電電流值 I dis : pulse discharge current value

RL:繼電器 RL:relay

R0:感應電阻 R 0 : sensing resistance

S2、S3:控制訊號 S 2 , S 3 : control signal

SC1~SC4:超級電容 SC1~SC4: super capacitor

SW1:第一開關 SW 1 : first switch

SW2:第二開關 SW 2 : Second switch

SW3:第三開關 SW 3 : The third switch

SWB1~SWB12:控制訊號 SW B1 ~SW B12 : control signal

ton、toff:控制訊號 t on , t off : control signal

Vsc:電壓 V sc :voltage

VB1~VB12:電壓 V B1 ~V B12 : voltage

VM:電壓計 VM: voltmeter

TR:時間訊號 T R : time signal

Claims (10)

一種廢棄鋰離子電池之電能回收系統，包含：一平衡邏輯模組，用以接收複數個廢棄鋰離子電池，其中該平衡邏輯模組包含複數個第一開關，該些第一開關係一對一地對應地電性連接至該些廢棄鋰離子電池；一第一儲能裝置，包含複數個超級電容以及複數個第二開關，其中該些第二開關電性連接於該些超級電容之間；以及一控制電路，電性連接於該平衡邏輯模組與該第一儲能裝置之間，以控制該些第一開關以及該些第二開關，其中該控制電路用以：進行一第一階段放電操作，以將該些超級電容並聯，並控制該些廢棄鋰離子電池之至少一者放電至該些超級電容；以及當該第一階段放電操作結束後，進行一電池鬆弛操作，以使該些廢棄鋰離子電池之該至少一者鬆弛一段預設鬆弛時間，而讓該些廢棄鋰離子電池之該至少一者之電壓回升，並進行一第二階段放電操作，以將該些超級電容串聯，而控制串聯之該些超級電容放電至一第二儲能裝置。 An electrical energy recovery system for waste lithium-ion batteries, including: a balance logic module for receiving a plurality of waste lithium-ion batteries, wherein the balance logic module includes a plurality of first switches, and the first switches have a one-to-one relationship The ground is correspondingly electrically connected to the discarded lithium-ion batteries; a first energy storage device includes a plurality of supercapacitors and a plurality of second switches, wherein the second switches are electrically connected between the supercapacitors; and a control circuit electrically connected between the balance logic module and the first energy storage device to control the first switches and the second switches, wherein the control circuit is used to: perform a first stage A discharging operation to connect the supercapacitors in parallel and control at least one of the discarded lithium-ion batteries to discharge to the supercapacitors; and after the first-stage discharging operation is completed, perform a battery relaxation operation to allow the At least one of the waste lithium-ion batteries is relaxed for a preset relaxation time, so that the voltage of the at least one of the waste lithium-ion batteries is allowed to rise, and a second stage discharge operation is performed to connect the supercapacitors in series. , and control the discharge of the supercapacitors connected in series to a second energy storage device. 如請求項1所述之廢棄鋰離子電池之電能回收系統，其中該第二儲能裝置為二次電池。 The electrical energy recovery system for waste lithium-ion batteries as described in claim 1, wherein the second energy storage device is a secondary battery. 如請求項1所述之廢棄鋰離子電池之電能回收系統，其中該預設鬆弛時間為10分鐘至20分鐘。 The power recovery system for waste lithium-ion batteries as described in claim 1, wherein the preset relaxation time is 10 minutes to 20 minutes. 如請求項1所述之廢棄鋰離子電池之電能回收系統，其中該控制電路更用以進行：量測每一該些廢棄鋰離子電池所對應之一開路電壓；對每一該些廢棄鋰離子電池進行脈衝測試，以獲得每一該些廢棄鋰離子電池所對應之一瞬間變化電壓；以及根據每一該些廢棄鋰離子電池所對應之一開路電壓以及該瞬間變化電壓來估測每一該些廢棄鋰離子電池之一剩餘電量。 As in claim 1, the power recovery system for waste lithium-ion batteries, wherein the control circuit is further used to: measure an open circuit voltage corresponding to each of the waste lithium-ion batteries; The battery is subjected to a pulse test to obtain an instantaneous change voltage corresponding to each of the discarded lithium-ion batteries; and each of the discarded lithium-ion batteries is estimated based on an open circuit voltage corresponding to the discarded lithium-ion battery and the instantaneous change voltage. The remaining charge in one of these discarded lithium-ion batteries. 如請求項1所述之廢棄鋰離子電池之電能回收系統，其中當該控制電路進行該第一階段放電操作時，該控制電路進行：判斷該些廢棄鋰離子電池之該至少一者之電壓是否到達一預設截止電壓；當該些廢棄鋰離子電池之該至少一者之電壓到達該預設截止電壓時，結束該第一階段放電操作，並進行該電池鬆弛操作來讓該些廢棄鋰離子電池之該至少一者之電壓回升。 The power recovery system for waste lithium-ion batteries as described in claim 1, wherein when the control circuit performs the first stage discharge operation, the control circuit determines whether the voltage of at least one of the waste lithium-ion batteries is Reaching a preset cut-off voltage; when the voltage of at least one of the waste lithium-ion batteries reaches the preset cut-off voltage, the first stage discharge operation is ended, and the battery relaxation operation is performed to allow the waste lithium ions to The voltage of at least one of the batteries rises. 如請求項1所述之廢棄鋰離子電池之電能回收系統，其中當該控制電路進行該第一階段放電操作時， 該控制電路進行：根據複數個預設佔空比以及複數個預設頻率值來進行一脈波放電法，以控制該些廢棄鋰離子電池之該至少一者透過一感應電阻來放電至該些超級電容，並獲得複數個脈波放電電流值；以及根據該些脈波放電電流值之一最大者來決定一目標佔空比以及一目標頻率值，其中該目標佔空比為該些預設佔空比之一者，該目標頻率值為該些預設頻率值之一者；其中該第一階段放電操作係利用該目標頻率值和該目標佔空比來直接放電至該些超級電容。 The electrical energy recovery system for waste lithium-ion batteries as described in claim 1, wherein when the control circuit performs the first stage discharge operation, The control circuit performs: performing a pulse discharge method according to a plurality of preset duty cycles and a plurality of preset frequency values to control at least one of the discarded lithium-ion batteries to discharge to the cells through a sensing resistor. supercapacitor, and obtain a plurality of pulse wave discharge current values; and determine a target duty cycle and a target frequency value according to one of the largest pulse wave discharge current values, wherein the target duty cycle is the preset One of the duty cycles, the target frequency value is one of the preset frequency values; wherein the first stage discharging operation uses the target frequency value and the target duty cycle to directly discharge to the supercapacitors. 一種廢棄鋰離子電池之電能回收方法，包含：接收複數個廢棄鋰離子電池；利用一控制電路來進行一第一階段放電操作，以將一第一儲能裝置中之複數個超級電容並聯，並控制該些廢棄鋰離子電池之至少一者放電至該些超級電容；以及當該第一階段放電操作結束後，進行一電池鬆弛操作，以使該些廢棄鋰離子電池之該至少一者鬆弛一段預設鬆弛時間，而讓該些廢棄鋰離子電池之該至少一者之電壓回升，並利用該控制電路來進行一第二階段放電操作，以將該些超級電容串聯，而控制串聯之該些超級電容放電至一第二儲能裝置。 An electric energy recovery method for waste lithium-ion batteries, including: receiving a plurality of waste lithium-ion batteries; using a control circuit to perform a first-stage discharge operation to connect a plurality of supercapacitors in a first energy storage device in parallel, and Controlling at least one of the waste lithium-ion batteries to be discharged to the supercapacitors; and when the first-stage discharge operation is completed, performing a battery relaxation operation to relax the at least one of the waste lithium-ion batteries for a period of time Preset a relaxation time to allow the voltage of at least one of the discarded lithium-ion batteries to rise, and use the control circuit to perform a second-stage discharge operation to connect the supercapacitors in series and control the series connected The supercapacitor discharges to a second energy storage device. 如請求項7所述之廢棄鋰離子電池之電能回 收方法，其中該預設鬆弛時間為10分鐘至20分鐘。 Electric energy recovery from discarded lithium-ion batteries as described in claim 7 Collection method, wherein the preset relaxation time is 10 minutes to 20 minutes. 如請求項7所述之廢棄鋰離子電池之電能回收方法，其中該第一階段放電操作包含：判斷該些廢棄鋰離子電池之該至少一者之電壓是否到達一預設截止電壓；當該些廢棄鋰離子電池之該至少一者之電壓到達該預設截止電壓時，結束該第一階段放電操作，並進行該電池鬆弛操作來讓該些廢棄鋰離子電池之該至少一者之電壓回升。 The electric energy recovery method of waste lithium-ion batteries as described in claim 7, wherein the first stage discharge operation includes: determining whether the voltage of at least one of the waste lithium-ion batteries reaches a preset cut-off voltage; when the voltage of the waste lithium-ion batteries reaches a preset cut-off voltage; When the voltage of at least one of the waste lithium-ion batteries reaches the preset cut-off voltage, the first stage discharging operation is ended, and the battery relaxation operation is performed to allow the voltage of at least one of the waste lithium-ion batteries to recover. 如請求項7所述之廢棄鋰離子電池之電能回收方法，其中該第一階段放電操作包含：根據複數個預設佔空比以及複數個預設頻率值來進行一脈波放電法，以控制該些廢棄鋰離子電池之該至少一者透過一感應電阻來放電至該些超級電容，並獲得複數個脈波放電電流值；以及根據該些脈波放電電流值之一最大者來決定一目標佔空比以及一目標頻率值，其中該目標佔空比為該些預設佔空比之一者，該目標頻率值為該些預設頻率值之一者；其中該第一階段放電操作係利用該目標頻率值和該目標佔空比來直接放電至該些超級電容。 As claimed in claim 7, the electric energy recovery method of waste lithium-ion batteries, wherein the first stage discharge operation includes: performing a pulse wave discharge method according to a plurality of preset duty cycles and a plurality of preset frequency values to control At least one of the waste lithium-ion batteries is discharged to the supercapacitors through a sensing resistor, and a plurality of pulse wave discharge current values are obtained; and a target is determined based on the largest one of the pulse wave discharge current values. A duty cycle and a target frequency value, wherein the target duty cycle is one of the preset duty cycles, and the target frequency value is one of the preset frequency values; wherein the first stage discharge operation system The target frequency value and the target duty cycle are used to directly discharge the supercapacitors.
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